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7/28/2019 ( English Presentation )

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TENSESDonna Rachmawati01.208.5637


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tenses

is verb form that shows the time of the action

or state


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Simple present tense

Present continuous tense

Simple past tense

Past continuous tense

Simple perfect tense

Perfect continuous tense

Simple future tense


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Simple present tense

Used to show the

habitual actions

Ex: We celebrate our independence day once ina year.

general truth

Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets down inthe west.


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The tense used the infinitive verb.

Sometimes s/es added behind the verb in case

that :The third singular subject : he, she, it

Name that used as plural subject : The sun, jenny.


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex : She studies English twice a week.

Negative :

Ex: She doesnt study English twice a week.

Interrogative :

Ex: Does she study English twice a week?

S + V1 (s/es ) + C

S + dont/doesnt + V1 + C

Do/Does + S + V1 + C + ?


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There are some adv. of time that commonly usedin this tense :

Every morning/day/week/month/year

Once, twice, three times, four times,

Adverb of frequency : always, usually,

sometimes, often, never, seldom.


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Present continuous tense

Used to show an action in progress by now :

An activity that is in progress at the moment ofspeaking. It began in the recent past, is

continuing at present, and will probably end atsome point in the future.

Ex: Theyare stillplaying at the moment.

Something generally in progress this week, thismonth, this year.

Ex: I am learning French this year.


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex: she is reading a novel now

Negative :

Ex: she is not reading a novel now

Interrogative :

Ex: is she rading a novel now?

S + to be + Ving + C

S + to be + not + Ving + C

To be + S + Ving + C + ?


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To be based on subject.

He, she, it is

I am

we, they, you are

There are some adv of time that commonly used in this tense :

Now, at the moment, this afternoon, this evening, right now, today

If theres verb like: Look!, Listen!, Watch!, Notice! ( Imperative), that usePresent Continuous.

Ex: : * Look! The man is climbing.* Listen! The girls next door are singing my favourite song.


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Simple past tense

Used to show :

An activity or situation began and ended at a

particular time in the past.If a sentence contains when and has thesimple past in both clauses, the action an thewhenclause happen first.


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex: My mother bought a new carpet last Sunday.

Negative :

Ex: My mother did not buy a new carpet last Sunday.

Interrogative :

Ex: Did my mother buy a new carpet last Sunday?

S + V2 + C

S + did + not + V1 + C

Did + S + V1 + C + ?


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There are some adv of time that commonly used inthis tense :

Last .

ago

This afternoon

Just now

This morning Yesterday


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Past continuous tense

Used to show :Activity began before certain time in the past,was in progress at that time, and probably

continued.Ex: I was studyingat my friends house.

Both action occurred at the same time, but oneaction began earlier and was in progress whenthe other action occurred.

Ex: When I was studying, someone knocked thedoor.


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex: My parents were chatting in the living room.

Negative :

Ex: My parents were not chatting in the living room.

Interrogative :

Ex: were my parents chatting in the living room?

S + was/were + Ving + C

S + was/were + not + Ving + C

Was/were + S + Ving + C + ?


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When

WhileThat

As


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Simple perfect tense

There are 3 types of this tenses :

Present perfect

Past perfectFuture perfect


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Present perfect tense

Formula :

Positive :

Ex: William Shakespeare has written many shortstories.

Negative :

Ex: William Shakespeare has not written many shortstories.

Interrogative:

Ex: Has William Shakespeare written many shortstories?

S + Have/has + V3 + C

S + Have/has + not + V3 + C

Have/has + S + V3 + C + ?


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There are some adv. of time that commonlyused in this tense :

Since, for, just (baru saja), already, yet, so far.


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Past perfect

Formula :Positive :

Ex: The teachers went home after they had finishedteaching.

Negative :

Ex: The teachers went home after they had notfinished teaching.

Interrogative:

Ex: Had the teacher went home after they finishedteaching?

Had + S + V3 + C +?

S + Had + not + V3 + C

S + Had + V3 + C


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There are some adv. of time that commonlyused in this tense :

when, after, before


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Future perfect

Formula :

Positive :

Ex: I will have arrived at the office by 8.

Negative :

Ex: I will not have arrived at the office by 8.

Interrogative:

Ex: Will I have arrived at the office by 8?

Will + S + have + V3 + C + ?

S + Will + not + have + V3 + C

S + Will + have + V3 + C


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Perfect continuous tense

Used to show one event in progressimmediately before, up to, until another timeor event. The tenses are used to express theduration of the first event.

There are three types of this tenses :

Present perfect progressive tense

Past perfect progressive tense

Future perfect progressive tense


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Present perfect progressive tense

Formula :

Positive :

Ex: I have been watching tv for three ours

Negative :

Ex: I have not been watching tv for three ours

Interrogative:

Ex: Have I been watching tv for three ours?

Have + S + been + Ving + C + ?

S + Have + not + been + Ving + C

S + Have + been + Ving + C


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Past perfect progressive tense

Formula :

Positive :

Ex: I had been watching tv for three hours before mymother came.

Negative :

Ex: I had not been watching tv for three hours beforemy mother came.

Interrogative:

Ex: Had I been watching tv for three hours before mymother came?

Had + S + been + Ving + C + ?

S + Had + not + been + Ving + C

S + Had + been + Ving + C


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Future perfect progressive tense

Formula :

Positive :

Ex: I will have been watching tv for three hours by thetime my mother came.

Negative :

Ex: I will not have been watching tv for three hours bythe time my mother came.

Interrogative:

Ex: Will I have been watching tv for three hours by thetime my mother came.

S + Will + Have + been + Ving +C

Will + S + have + been + Ving + C + ?

S + Will + not + have + been + Ving + C

Si l f t t


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Simple future tense

Used to express future time activity.


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Future with will/ shall

Future with to be going to.

The differentiate between will/shall and to begoing to :

1. To express a PREDICTION - either WILL or BE

GOING TO is used2. To express a PRIOR PLAN only BE GOING TO

is used

3. To express WILLINGNESS only WILL is used.


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex: Bobby will come here tomorrow.

Negative :

Ex: Bobby will not come here tomorrow.

Interrogative :

Ex: Will Bobby come here tomorrow?

S + will/shall + V1 + C

S + will/shall + not + V1 + C

Will/shall + S + V1 + C + ?


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The Formula :

Positive :

Ex: Im going to clean my home next week

Negative :

Ex: Im not going to clean my home next weekInterrogative :

Ex: am I going to clean my home next week?

S + to be + going + to + V1 + C

S + to be + not + going + to + V1+ C

To be + S + going + to + V1 + C + ?


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Tomorrow, next week/month/year, the day aftertomorrow

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