List the 5 functions of bones:Label the long bone diagram below:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Label the following terms and state their significance:

EPIPHYSIS

DIAPHYSIS

ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

PERIOSTEUM

MEDULLARY CAVITY

What role to the following terms play concerning bones:

Red Marrow

Yellow Marrow -

Long bones

Short bones

Irregular bones

Sesamoid Bones

Flat Bones

Longer then they are wide

A shaft with heads on both ends

Compact bone (dense, looks smooth and the same throughout)

Cube-shaped

Spongy bone (small pieces of bone, lots of open space)

Length, width and height measurements are generally about the same

Bones which form/are embedded within tendons

A special type of short bone

Thin, flattened, usually curved

Two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone

Complex form

Typically consist of a thin outer layer of compact bone

Are very different from the other types of bones

Prediction Matching Sheet:

Bone Type

Description

Example

Long Bone

Short Bone

Sesamoid Bone

Flat Bone

Irregular Bone

Disease Matching Sheet:

Name of Disease

Basic Description

Rickets

Tendonitis

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Osteoporosis

Scoliosis

Kyphosis

Lordosis

Scurvy

Bursitis

Gout

Rickets

Tendonitis

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Osteoporosis

Scoliosis

Kyphosis

Lordosis

Scurvy

Bursitis

Gout

The softening and weakening of bones in children

Usually caused by an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency.

Tenderness in joints

Awkward posture/deformities

Inflammation of the tendon

Sore tendons, inflamed/swollen, loss of motion

Repetitive motions, overuse, wearing away at a tendon, poor posture

Most common in adults over the age of 40

Most common form of arthritis

Known was wear-and-tear arthritis

Deterioration or cartilage

Women are more susceptible and people who are obese

Typically affects your hands, neck, lower back, knees and hips

A form of arthritis that causes pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of function in your joints. It can affect any joint but is common in the wrist and fingers.

can affect body parts besides joints, such as your eyes, mouth and lungs.

Anautoimmune disease

More common in older people but children can have it as well

A disease that thins and weakens the bones to the point that they become fragile and break easily.

Around the age of 30, bone mass stops increasing (must preserve the bones you have)

No obvious symptoms

More common in women, especially after menopause

An abnormal curvature of the spine.

Runs in families, but doctors often don't know the cause.

Some types are related to drama and in some cases its present at birth

More girls than boys have this disease

2-3% of Americans at the age of 16 have this disease

Rounding of your upper back

Hump back

More common in older women

Often occurs after having osteoporosis

Birth defects

Cancer in the spine

Evidence of a curvature of the back bones (vertebrae) in the lower back area, giving the child a "swayback" appearance.

Poor posture, obesity, weakening of bones with age

Pain, muscle spasms, numbness in appendages or back

Not enough vitamin C in your diet

Fatigue, weakness/pain in limbs, irritable, red/blue spots all over your skin

dependency on drugs and alcohol, homelessness and anorexia are some causes

Inflammation of the Bursa (fluid filled sac surrounding the joint).

A bursa can become inflamed from injury, infection

Typically identified by localized pain or swelling, tenderness, and pain with motion of the tissues in the affected area.

Results from an overload of uric acid in the body.

Can occur from genetic disorders (hereditary), crash diets, excessive consumption of alcohol, infection

Most common in men over the age of 30

Can lead to deposits of hard lumps of uric acid in and around the joints and may cause joint destruction, decreased kidney function, and kidney stones.