definition of eating disorders causes of eating disorders symptoms treatments preventions ...
TRANSCRIPT
Definition of Eating Disorders
Causes of Eating Disorders
Symptoms
Treatments
Preventions
Conclusion
Introduction
Refuses to eat in an attempt to satisfy a psychological need rather than a physical need
Eating behavior problems
Preoccupation with food
Definition of Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge eating Anorexia Athletica Over Exercise Over Eating Night Eating Orthorexia
Types of Eating Disorders
An obsession with diet and body image
Low body weight No menstruation Loss of appetite Poor digestion
Anorexia Nervosa
An obsession with diet and body image
Normal body weight Extreme unhealthy
methods to control weight A feeling of loss of control
over eating behavior Bingeing Purging
Bulimia Nervosa
Negative family influencesBiological/genetic influencesPsychological problemsSocial influences
Causes of Eating Disorders
Family history of addiction or emotional disorder
Parental behaviors or attitudes Family history of obesity History of abuse
Negative family influences
▶ It’s known that people with biological sister, mother or other relatives who suffer from eating disorder have more chance to develop eating disorders compared to others who don’t have the same history.
▶ Also if the brain functions abnormally due to stress, mood and appetite, it can cause eating disorders.
▶ Biological changes during adolescence can also lead to eating disorders.
Biological/genetic problems
Psychological factors
▶ Most of those with eating disorders tend to have problems with :
- Low self-esteem- Stress - Obsession with perfectionism- Poor anger control skill
In a modern society, the idea of beauty is extreme thinness. Success and self-worth are commonly associated with being thin, which may lead to the belief “the thinner the better”, hence the eating disorders.
Social factors
Refusing to eat and denying hunger Secretive behaviour around food and exercise Low body weight: less than 85% of normal weight for
their age and height Flat mood or lack of emotion Preoccupation with food Dizziness or fainting Menstrual irregularities or loss of menstruation Constipation Dry Skin Purging and bingeing behaviour
SYMPTOMS
Self-induced vomiting Excessive exercising Irregular heartbeat Dehydration Sores in the throat and mouth Constant dieting and fasting Going to the bathroom after eating or
during meal
Symptoms
▶ Family support
- least expensive
- suitable for patients with mild conditions
▶ Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)
- a kind of psychological treatment
- successful in over half of cases
Treatment of Bulimia
▶ Drugs
anti-depressants known as SSRI such as:
Fluoxetine Setraline ParoxetineFluvoxamine
▶ Hospitalization
Treatment of Bulimia
▶ Restoring normal weight and nutritional intervention: hospitalization
Inpatient : a weight-gain goal of 1-1.5 kg for a week
Outpatient : a weight-gain goal of 0.25-0.5 kg for a week
Increase to 2,000-3,500 calories a day
Treatment of Anorexia
Treatment of Anorexia
Tubal feedings for patients who refuse to eat
Intravenous feedingsin life-threatening situations
through the nose to the stomach
through a tube inserted through the abdomen into
the stomach
insert a needle into the vein and infuse fluids containing nutrients directly into the bloodstream
administer carefully
▶ Exercise The goal of exercise is to improve physical
fitness and health, not to burn off calories.
▶ Psychological approaches children and adolescents: Family therapyadults: motivational psychotherapy + CBT
▶ Medicationsantidepressants: not many benefits reported with SSRI
nutrition supplements: Calcium and Vitamin D often recommended
some reports of Zinc to help gain weight
Treatment of Anorexia
▶ Healthy eating▶ Healthy weight control▶ Active involvement in sports
Prevention of Eating Disorders
Do you feel that others pressure you to be thin? Do you feel guilty about what you eat? Do you feel that your weight is one of the only
things you can control Do you feel you've become isolated from family
and friends? Do you prefer to eat alone? Do you use food as a comfort? Do you consume large amounts of food in a
brief amount of time? Do you feel fat despite others telling you that
you're not?
Quiz – questions and answers
Do you ever exercise excessively? Do you ever induce vomiting after eating or
drinking? Do you count all the hidden calories or grams of fat
in each bite of food? Do you often feel depressed and unhappy with
yourself? Do you diet excessively? Do you use laxatives, diet pills, or diuretics each
week? Do you weigh yourself several times each day? Do you eat when you're lonely, anxious,
depressed, or nervous?
Definition of Eating Disorders
Causes of Eating Disorders
Symptoms
Treatments
Preventions
Conclusion
http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/eating_disorders.html
http://www.psychology.org.au/publications/tip_sheets/eating/
http://www.umm.edu (University of Maryland Medical Centre)
http://www.eatingdisordersonline.com
References