© copyright 2009 all rights reserved 1 measuring dlod impacts in trials david hathaway 26 th ismor

1© Copyright 2009 All Rights Reserved

Measuring DLoD impacts in trials

David Hathaway

26th ISMOR


The Challenge

To conduct a trials programme to

1. Elicit equipment suitability for military roles,

2. Gather the non-equipment implications of using the equipment in military service.


Contents

1. What is a Capability Concept Demonstrator?

2. Unmanned surface vehicles

3. How information was gathered and presented



Capability Concept Demonstrators


Approach to acquisition

• Military acquisitions• Equipment considerations

• Non-equipment considerations

• Historically, trials have focused on the equipment aspects, with insufficient regard given to the non-equipment aspects.


Capability Concept Demonstration (CCD)

• Capability demonstration of high maturity level equipment

• A CCD aims to:• Understand potential uses of equipment

• Understand equipment and non-equipment implications following acquisition


Defence Lines of Development (DLoDs)

• Understand what/who is affected by the acquisition – achieved by considering the Lines of Development

• Training: who, how many, what methods, costs, duration, time lag, etc.

• Equipment: what, how many, how much, technology issues

• Personnel: experience, skills, aptitudes.

• Information: transfer of, understanding’.

• Doctrine & Concepts: procedures, rules and regulations.

• Organisation: command structure.

• Infrastructure: building requirements, test areas, maintenance.

• Logistics: method, cost.



Unmanned Surface Vehicles and their application


Types of USV


USV components

A USV system consists of 4 basic components:

• Control Station (man-machine interface for human control)

• Data Terminal (communications terminal that provides the data link)

• Vehicle (including payload)

• Launch & Recovery System



Assessment methodology


Data collection methodology

1. Consult subject matter experts to identify military roles and predict how these roles could impact the DLoDs

2. Plan trials to demonstrate roles and to collect DLoD data

3. Gather data using representative demonstrations

4. Organise results for ease of use


Other potential military roles

Role Synopsis Role SynopsisMaritime Interdiction Operation Support

Intercept and disrupt enemy forces

Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)

USV to provide detection of sub-surface threats and potentially engage hostile targets.

Logistics Support

Supply equipment / ammo or replenishment at sea.

TrainingTo act as FIAC, or enemy USV

Hydographic Survey

Sonar sweeps MCM Hunting and disposal

Harbour protection

Automated sweepAnti-Terror /Piracy

ISR in aid of commercial vessels / platforms.


Maritime Interdiction Operations Support (MIOS)

• Detection, interception and investigation of suspect vessels in a volatile area

• Use of unmanned platform to perform surveillance, communicate with targets and determine intent, deter, board or prosecute as appropriate


MIOS - Representation

• Moving to a target of interest.

• Maintaining a fixed distance and vector from a target.

• Manoeuvring around the target.

• USV’s sensors were tested at various ranges so the usefulness of the USV as a surveillance asset could be assessed.

• USV’s ability to monitor and track several targets.

• Assessment of covertness.


MIOS – Demonstration Deductions

1. USV could conduct surveillance for significantly longer than a manned platform.

2. A USV does have the required control for effective surveillance.

3. Low mast height limits detection ability.

4. Existing comms methods can be adversely affected by other structures.


MIOS – DLoD impacts

• Training and Personnel DLoD: Training of RN personnel. Evidence collected via questionnaires and comments, ie: “An understanding of running a surface plot and my skill as an Aircraft Controller helps me visualise the relative positions of the USV and other vessels.” – USV operator.

• Concluded that Petty Officers, Leading Seamen or Able Seamen with Ops Room experience would be well suited to operate a USV system.

• Above Water Tactical rates would be ideal for the navigation and tracking of targets.

• Above Water Weapons rates would be well suited to operating a USV payload of sensors and weapons.



• Information DLoD considerations:

• Usefulness of the sensor imagery at various ranges

• How this information could be used by commanders and by those undertaking the mission

• Also considered comms ranges, information lag or communication drop-outs



• Concepts and Doctrine

• “From the point of view of safety of life at sea, all ships shall be sufficiently and efficiently manned.” – SOLAS treaty

• “Salvage operations that have had a useful right give right to a reward” – IMO

RN vessel “salvaged” by Scottish fishermen


DLoD impact statements

• Discrete, atomised and categorised

• Positive impacts• ie provide situational awareness information

• Negative impacts• ie incur training cost

• Some DLoD impacts underlie all uses

• Some DLoD impacts are specific to specific uses – ie using the USV over a long range


Summary

The challenge:

To conduct a trials programme to:

1. Elicit equipment suitability to military roles.

2. Gather the non-equipment implications of using the equipment in military service.



Questions?

© copyright 2009 all rights reserved 1 measuring dlod impacts in trials david hathaway 26 th ismor

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