CHILD LABOR

Definition

“Child" shall apply to all persons under 18 years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition.

Republic Act No. 7610            

Definition

Child labor Illegally employing children who are less

than 15 years of age in dangerous and life threatening activities

Work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and is harmful to their physical and mental development

Child Labour and IPEC: An overview http://www.ilo.org/public/english/region/asro/manila/ipec/about/overview.htm

Child Work vs. Child Labor

CHILD WORK Activities that can be

combined with schooling (e.g. household activities)

Not harmful to children Does not interfere with

schooling Contributes to their

development

CHILD LABOR Performed at the

expense of education Work which is

potentially hazardous, exploitative and detrimental to a child's health, schooling, physical, social and emotional well-being

According to the National Statistics Office 2001 survey, of the 25 million children between the age of five and 17 nationwide, four million children

are already working. Of the four million working children, only 2.6

million were able to attend school.

Rise in child labor in Philippines tied to CARP’s failurePUBLISHED ON JUNE 29, 2007 AT 10:32 AM · HTTP://WWW.PINOYPRESS.NET/2007/06/29/RISE-IN-CHILD-LABOR-IN-PHILIPPINES-TIED-TO-CARPS-FAILURE/2/

Bigger the household more likely that children work in order to help support the family.

Final Report: 2001 survey on children 5-17y/o. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CHILD LABOUR (ILO-IPEC) AND NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

Males were more likely to work than females with a national sex ratio of 173 males per 100 females.

Final Report: 2001 survey on children 5-17y/o. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CHILD LABOUR (ILO-IPEC) AND NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

A total of 2.6 million children 5-17 years old were laborers and unskilled workers during the past 12 months.

Largest percentage of child workers (49.5%) were found in the farms.

83% or 1.2 million working children 5-17 years old who got paid gave earnings to their family, wholly or partly.

Final Report: 2001 survey on children 5-17y/o. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CHILD LABOUR (ILO-IPEC) AND NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

The top two reasons why children 5-17 years old worked were to help in their own household enterprises and to supplement their family income.

Final Report: 2001 survey on children 5-17y/o. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATIONINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CHILD LABOUR (ILO-IPEC) AND NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

Common industry where child labor is practiced

Deep-sea fishing (Muro Ami and Paaling)

Hog, banana, coconut, rice, rubber, sugarcane, tobacco, corn industries

Gold mining sector Fashion accessories manufacturing Pyrotechnics industry Pornography

Rachana Deshpande. Child Labor in Philippines, 15th October 2008 ttp://www.articlealley.com/article_666377_17.htmlRP has high child labor incidence, Saturday, 12 September 2009 15:27 Kristine L. Alave/Inquirer.net http://www.asianjournal.com/dateline-philippines/headlines/2904-rp-has-high-child-labor-incidence-.html

Consequences of Child Labor

Children end up being malnourished and weak

Suffering from a large number of ailments

Lack education

Child Labour and IPEC: An overview http://www.ilo.org/public/english/region/asro/manila/ipec/about/overview.htm

Punishment for the guilty

Fine of 50,000 to a million and/or imprisonment 6 months to 20 years

Republic Act No. 7610            

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9231

An act providing for the elimination of the worst forms of child labor and affording stronger protection for the working child

SEC. 12. Employment of Children– Children below fifteen (15) years of age shall not be employed except:

1. When a child works directly under the sole responsibility of his/her parents or legal guardian and where only members of his/her family are employed

SEC. 12. Employment of Children– Children below fifteen (15) years of age shall not be employed except:

Provided, that his/her employment neither endangers his/her life, safety, health, and morals, nor impairs his/her normal development

Provided, that the parent or legal guardian shall provide the said child with the prescribed primary and/or secondary education

SEC. 12. Employment of Children– Children below fifteen (15) years of age shall not be employed except:

2. Where a child’s employment or participation in public entertainment or information through cinema, theater, radio, television or other forms of media is essential:

Employment contract is concluded by the child’s parents or legal guardian, with the express agreement of the child concerned, if possible, and the approval of the Department of Labor and Employment

"(a) The employer shall ensure the protection, health, safety, morals and normal development of the child:

"(b) The employer shall institute measures to prevent the child’s exploitation or discrimination taking into account the system and level of remuneration, and the duration and arrangement of working time; and

"(c) The employer shall formulate and implement, subject to the approval and supervision of competent authorities, a continuing program for training and skills acquisitions of the child.

Ensuring that all children go to school and that their education is of good

quality are keys topreventing child labour.

http://www.unicef.org/protection/index_childlabour.html