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Page 1: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

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Chapter 5: Volcanoes

ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Page 2: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Inside a Volcano

Magma Chamber: Collection of magma under volcano

Pipe: Long tube connecting chamber to surface

Vent: Opening at top (or sides) where magma leaves volcano

Lava Flow: The spread of lava on the surface

Crater: Bowl shaped feature at the top of volcano that surrounds the vent

Page 3: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions
Page 4: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic Eruptions

When a volcano erupts, the force of the expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber to the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent.

Mt. St. Helen’s Volcanic Eruption http://youtu.be/xP2dreOI8gI

http://youtu.be/xP2dreOI8gI
Page 5: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Types of Eruptions

Explosive Eruption:

High Silica Content

Thick and Sticky This magma

builds up in the pipe

This build up traps gases

Then BOOM!!! This eruption

spreads ash, cinders, and bombs!

Page 6: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Types of Eruptions

Quiet Eruption:

Hot and/or Low Silica Magma

Thin and Runny/Flows Easily

Produce different types of Lava; creating different type of igneous rock

Hawaii was formed by Quiet Eruptions

Page 7: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Hazards of Quiet Eruptions

Quick moving lava ran burn and bury everything in its path

Video of slow moving Lava destroying Hawaii http://youtu.be/HpNWL

CmXyTE

http://youtu.be/HpNWLCmXyTE
http://youtu.be/HpNWLCmXyTE
Page 8: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Hazards of Explosive Eruptions

Pyroclastic Flows: A hot, quick moving cloud of ash, cinder, and bombs that moves down the side of a volcano

Video of Pyroclastic Flows: http://youtu.be/WxlRpuTed6g

http://youtu.be/WxlRpuTed6g
http://youtu.be/WxlRpuTed6g
http://youtu.be/WxlRpuTed6g
http://youtu.be/WxlRpuTed6g
Page 9: Chapter 5: Volcanoes ES 5.2 Volcanic Eruptions

Stages of Volcanoes

Active: A volcano that is erupting or showing signs of eruption in the near future

Dormant: aka Sleeping… Expected to be active in the near future

Extinct: aka Dead… Unlikely to ever erupt again. (Ex: hot spot volcanoes)


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