{ anatomy and physiology. root words find definition, study for quiz on friday append- cardi- cran-...
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Root WordsFind definition, study for quiz on Friday
Append-Cardi-Cran-Dors-Homeo--logy
Meta-Pariet-Pelv-Peri-Pleur--Stasis-Tomy
What is it?
Anatomy: the branch of science that deals with the structure of body parts
Physiology: concerns the functions of body parts, what they do and how they do it
Levels of Organization
Atoms: microscopic particles Molecules: made up of atomsMacromolecules: molecules combined in complex waysCell: Basic unit of living thingOrganelle: structures within a cell that perform a certain taskTissue: Group of cellsOrgans: Complex structures made up of tissues that perform a certain taskOrganism: Organs make up living things
Characteristics of Life
Metabolism: process of chemical reactions in the body that break down substances and build them up for energy
Maintenance of Life- Water, Foods, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure
Characteristics of Life
Metabolsim: process of chemical reactions in the body that break down substances and build them up for energy
Maintenance of Life- Water, Foods, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure
Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment for survival (Temp, pH, water, etc.)
Homeostatic Mechanisms
Receptors: provide information about specific conditions in the internal environmentSet Point: tells what a particular value should be (body temp)Effectors: cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment
Homeostatic Mechanisms
Receptors Effectors
Set Point
Stimulus
Change is compared to the set point
Response (Change is corrected)
Body Portions
Axial Portion: Includes head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular Portion: Includes upper and lower limbs
Anatomical Positions
Superior: Body part is above another part, or closer to the headInferior: body part is lower than another, toward the feetAnterior: Towards the front (Eyes are anterior to the brain)Posterior: Towards the backMedial: Imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves.
Anatomical Positions
Lateral: toward the side with respect to the midline (Ears are lateral to the eyes)Bilateral: refers to paired structures, one on each side (lungs)Ipsilateral: structures on the same side (right kidney and right lung)Proximal: Body part that is closer to the trunk (elbows are proximal to wrist)Distal: Opposite of proximal, farther away from trunkSuperficial: placed near the surface of the skinDeep: more internal parts