分析化學 Analytical Chemistry

沈川洲 Chuan-Chou (River) SHEN; river@ccms.ntu.edu.twTA: 邱瀚毅 , r91224204@ntu.edu.tw; 0912023915

Course description: This course is intended for sophomores in the Dept. of Geosciences. Juniors and seniors are also welcomed. It will approach quantitative analysis first from a classical point of view. Instructor will also review and expand upon the fundamental properties of some modern techniques, which are useful in geochemical analysis. This course emphasizes both theoretical and practical aspects of analytical techniques for geochemistry. Because laboratory experience is the essence of quantitative analysis, a course, “Analytical Chemistry Laboratory”, should be taken together with this course to learn the basis of good laboratory practice. After taking this class, students, with a body of geo-analytical knowledge, will be able to design an experimental procedure to solve real or hypothetical problems. They will also learn how to independently accomplish general chemistry in a geochemical lab.

Literature:

Quantitative Chemical Analysis (6th ed., 2003) by Daniel C. Harris

Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry by Skoog and West

Exploring Chemical Analysis (2nd ed., 2001) by Daniel C. Harris

Statistics for Analytical Chemistry by Miller and Miller

Credits: 2 (+1: experiment)

Class hours: 8:10-10:00 pm, Friday

Grading: Homework, 30%; Midterm exam, 30%;Final exam, 30%; Class participation, 10%.

Syllabus:

Sept Introduction, Units, tools, basic concepts.

Oct Error, statistics and excel spreadsheetsCalibration methods.Chemical equilibrium.

Nov Basic concepts on titrations, Acid-base titration.Introduction to chromatography.Ion exchange chromatography.

Nov 28 Midterm exam.

Dec Geochemical samples, sampling and preparation.Quality Assurance.

Jan Analytical methods for geo-environmental samples.Electrochemistry.

Jan 16 Final exam.

Experiments:

1 Balance calibration; dollar statistics.2 Calibration of volumetric labware.3 Preparing standard acid and base.4 Analysis of a mixture of carbonate and

bicarbonate.5 Titration of bases in household drain cleaners.6 EDTA titration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in natural water7 Capacity of ion-exchange resins

a. Increased availability of toxic Al3+ to a pine tree in Germany near a coal-burning power plant built in 1929. The increase is probably an effect of man-made acidity in rainfall, which mobilizes Al3+ from minerals.

b. The growth of atmospheric CO2. CO2 comes from our burning of fossil fuel and destruction of forests.

c. The growth in world population.

How long will our planet remain habitable if we do not control our population and our impact on the environment?

Calibration Curves

0-1 The Analytical Chemist’s Job

Bates College in Maine, Professor Tom Wenzel

Students: Denby and Scott

Sampling

Homogeneous: same throughout

Heterogeneous: differs from region to region, Chocolate with nuts

Sample Preparation

Substances being measuredcaffeine and theobromine in this caseare called analytes.

Chemical Analysis (classical or instrumental)

Identifying what is in an unknown is called qualitative analysis. Identifying how much is present is quantitative analysis.

Calibration Curves

Interpreting the Results

Analytical results, data interpretation, application

General Steps in a Chemical Analysis

1. Formulating the question

2. Selecting analytical procedures

3. Sampling

4. Sample preparation

5. Analysis

6. Reporting and interpretation

7. Drawing conclusions