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THE

POSTGRADUATEMEDICAL JOURNALVOLUME 2z NUMBER 320 JUNE 1952

CONTENTSPAGE

EDITORIAL 331

ANNOTATION: HIATUS HERNIA Harold Davis, M.A., M.R.C.P. 33'

THE PRINCIPLES OF CHEMOTHERAPY C. A. Keele, M.D., F.R.C.P. 335

NOTES 340 and 350

PROGRESS IN BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS J. E. Cates, M.D., M.R.C.P. 341

THE ROLE OF LYMPHOID TISSUE AND THE ADRENALS IN IMMUNITYMary Barber and Albert Delaunay 351

FRACTURES OF THE MALAR-ZYGOMATIC COMPOUND J. B. Prendiville, F.R.C.S.L. 363

CLINICAL SECTION:

A CASE OF PYREXIA OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN Peter Wilson, M.B., B.S. 366

SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOPERITONEUM Maurice Hershman, M.B., B.S., F.R.C.S. 369

BOOK REVIEW SUPPLEMENT 37iPOSTGRADUATE NEWS 377

All rights reserved. No part of this journal may be reproducedin any form without permission in writing from the publishers.

EDITOR:Prof. C. G. Rob, M.C., M.CHIR., F.R.C.S.

ADVISORY EDITORIAL BOARD:Maurice Davidson, M.A., D.M., F.R.C.P.

J. W. D. Bull, M.D., F.R.C.P. David Levi, M.S., F.R.C.S.Sol M. Cohen, F.R.C.S. A. A. G. Lewis, M.D., M.R.C.P.Harold Davis, M.B., M.R.C.P. Andrew Monro, M.D., F.R.C.S.Colin Edwards, M.B., M.R.C.P. K. I. Nissen, F.R.C.S.L. P. Le Quesne, F.R.C.S. R. S. Bruce Pearson, D.M., F.R.C.P.

Charles Read, F.R.C.S., F.R.C.O.G.

hFuae sHE,nsdThe Fellowhip of Postgraduate Medicine, 60, Portland Place, London. W.z.

377

POSTGRADUATE NEWSJune 1952

The information contained in this section is published by courtesy of theorganizations concerned and no responsibility for any changes of detailor omissions can be accepted by the publishers. In all cases, applicationsfor enrolment or further information should be made direct to thesponsors of the course.

FELLOWSHIP OF POSTGRADUATEMEDICINEGeneral Medicine (M.R.C.P.) Week-end. June 7and 8. All day Saturday and Sunday. Queen Mary'sHospital for the East End. Limited fee L3 3s. (Noentries accepted until syllabus is published and cir-culated).Obstetrics and Gynaecology (M.R.C.O.G.). June2I and 22. All day Saturday and Sunday. QueenMary's Hospital for the East End. Limited. Fee£3 3s.Proctology. June 30 to July 5. St. Mark's Hospital.All day. Limited. Fee C4 4s.Children's Diseases (D.C.H.). August 25 to Sep-tember 6. Daily, 5.30 to 7 p.m. Princess Louise Ken-sington Hospital. Limited. Fee £5 5s.Practical Operative Surgery (F.R.C.S.). August25 to September 13. Monday, Thursday and Fridaymornings. Royal Cancer Hospital. Limited. Fee£12 12S.

Surgery (F.R.C.S.) General and Genito-urinary.September 8 to 24. Mondays and Wednesdays, 5 to6.30 p.m. Whittington Hospital (Archway Wing).Limited. Fee C4 14s. 6d. (No entries accepted untilsyllabus is published and circulated.)Surgery (Revision, F.R.C.S.). September I5 toOctober 25. Monday, Thursday and Friday mornings.Royal Cancer Hospital. Limited. Fee £i8 i8s. (Noentries accepted until syllabus is published and cir-'culated).Obstetrics (D.Obst.R.C.O.G.). September 22 to 27.All day. West Middlesex Hospital, Isleworth. Limited.Fee £4 4s.General Surgery (F.R.C.S.) Week-end. September27 and 28. All day Saturday and Sunday. QueenMary's Hospital for the East End. Limited. Fee £3 3s.(No entries accepted until syllabus is published andcirculated).Plastic Surgery (Week-end). October i i and I2. Allday Saturday and Sunday. Plastic & Jaw Unit, Rooks-down House, Basingstoke. Limited. Fee £3 3s.Infectious Diseases (M.R.C.P.) Week-end. October25 and 26. All day, Saturday and Sunday. Park Hospital,Hither Green. Limited. Fee £3 3s. (No entries accep-ted until syllabus is published and circulated.)Please note that instruction arranged by the Fellowshipo Postgraduate Medicine is open only to Members (annual

subscription, from month of joining, ios. 6d.). In thecase of 'limited' courses no entries are accepted inadvance of the detailed syllabuses being published andcirculated; postgraduates (whether Members or not) arenot automatically included in the mailing lists, but mustnotify the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, 6o Port-land Place, London, W.i, if they wish to be sent syllabusesas published, and must specify the subjects in which they areinterested. Infornmation regarding courses can be obtainedfrom the Office daily between Io a.m. and 5 p.m. (Satur-days Io a.m. to 12 noon). Telephone: Langham 4266.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OFENGLANDThe following lectures will be delivered at the College.Admission free.Erasmus Wilson DemonstrationJune5 3.45 p.mn. Mr. W. E. Grahame.mata of the alimentary canal.Arris & Gale LectureJune

Argentaffino-

IO 5 p.m. Mr. G. McC. Wyburn. Congenital defectsof the anterior abdominal wall.

Arnott DemonstrationsJuneI6 3.45 p.m. Mr. P. H. Mitchiner, C.B., C.B.E.,

T.D.19 3.45 p.m. Prof. R. J. Last.Ophthalmology LectureJune26 5 p.m. Prof. Arnold Sorsby. The nature of con-

genital anomalies.Imperial Cancer Research Fund LectureJune30 5 p.m. Dr. Peyton Rous, F.R.S. The long pull in

cancer research.Surgical Clinical Conferences. A course of ioclinical conferences held at selected hospitals will takeplace from July 7 to i8, I952. Fee £s ss.For further details apply to W. F. Davis, Esq., DeputySecretary, Royal College of Surgeons, Lincolns Inn Fields,London, W.C.2.

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL

SOCIETY OF APOTHECARIES OF LONDONDiploma in Industrial Health (D.I.H.). The ex-aminations are held in July and December each year.Diploma of Mastery of Midwifery (M.M.S.A.). Theexaminations are held. in May and November each year.For further information application should be addressedto the Registrar, Society of Apothecaries, Black FriarsLane, London, E. C4.

DENTAL BOARD OF THE UNITEDKINGDOMThe Dental Postgraduate Bureau has issued threebooklets, as follows:-'Facilities for Dental Postgraduate Study in the UnitedKingdom and Ireland,' containing a list of schools andinstitutions at which postgraduate courses are held orwhich provide facilities for individual students, and analphabetical list of subjects showing where instructionin each can be obtained; ' Scholarships and Student-ships for Advanced Studies and Research in Den-tistry,' including many open to British subjects tenableabroad; 'Higher Dental Qualifications,' setting out ingeneral terms the conditions to be satisfied by candidates.Copies of these booklets and further information can beobtained on application to the Director, Dental Post-graduate Bureau, 44 Hallam Street, London, W. i.

BRITISH POSTGRADUATE MEDICALFEDERATION (University of London)The Federation provides:-(i) Training for prospective specialists, supplementing

the work of the undergraduate medical schools.(a) Advanced revision for practising specialists.(3) Instruction for medical practitioners who, though not'

specialists, desire more detailed knowledge of anybranch of medicine.

(4) Instruction for general practitioners.Comprising the Federation at present are the Post-graduate Medical School, the Institute of Child Health,the Institute of Laryngology and Otology, the Instituteof Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Institute of Ophthal-mology, the Institute of Psychiatry and the Institute ofNeurology. Associated with the Federation in provid-ing postgraduate education are the Institutes of Cardi-ology, Der tal Surgery, Dermatology, Diseases of theChest, Orthopaedics, Urology, and Basic MedicalSciences.Courses' for general practitioners will be held as follows:GeneralJuly 7 to I2. Brighton Group.September 8 to 20. (with Rheumatism). St. Stephen'sHospital, S.W.Io.October 6 to I8 (with Paediatrics). WVhittingtonHospital, N.I9.October I3 to i[8. Brighton Group.November 17 to 22. National Temperance Hospital,N.W.I.November 24 to December 6. Central MiddlesexHospital, N.W.IO.Obstetrics and GynaecologySeptember 29 to October 4. Lewisham Hospital.November 3 to 8. Brighton Group.Rehabilitation in General PracticeSeptember IS to i9. Roffey Park Institute, Horsham(residential).

November 24 to 28. Roffey Park Institute, Horsham(residential).Applications for places on the above courses should bemade to the Secretary, British Postgraduate MedicalFederation, and should state if the application is or isnot under the scheme for N.H.S. practitioners.Extended and Week-endGeneralOctober 14, I5, i6 and 21, 22, 23 (extended). KingEdward VII HIospital, Windsor.PaediatricsJune 14 and i5 (week-end). University College Hospital.October i8 and i9 (week-end). University CollegeHospital.Applications for places on the above courses should bemade to the Hospital.All the courses are available to N.H.S. practitioners forwhom fees and allowances (travelling expenses, locumfees, etc.) are provided for courses equivalent to 2zhalf-day sessions in an academic year, subject to certainconditions. Other practitioners may attend on pavmentof a fee of io guineas for two weeks, 5 guineas for oneweek or extended course of iI sessions, Ii guieas fora week-end course.Applications for further information should be made tothe Secretary, British Postgraduate Medical Federation,3 Gordon Square, London, W.C.i.

INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY(National Heart Hospital) (British Post-graduate Medical Federation)Full-time courses of instruction lasting three months areavailable. Fee C26 55. od.A limited number can be accepted part-time, whichincludes out-patient sessions and lectures.Special sh,rt courses lasting two weeks are given atintervals. Fee Ci;z I2S. od.Further details and applications for admission to thesecourses should be made to the Dean, Institute of Cardi-ology, 35 Wimpole Street, London, W.I.

INSTITUTE OF DISEASES OF THE CHEST(Brompton Hospital and The London ChestHospital) (British Postgraduate MedicalFederation)The Institute of Diseases of the Chest (Medical Schoolof the Hospitals for Diseases of the Chest) is situated inthe grounds of the Brompton Hospital, S.W.3.-MedicalInstruction in diseases of the chest including tuberculosisis conducted during three terms of ten weeks each year.It consists of clinical work in wards and out-patientdepartments, lectures and demonstrations. A whole-time programme is arranged for not more than 12graduates each term, preferably those specializing indiseases of the chest. The lectures and demonstrationsare so arranged that the subject of chest disease iscovered during the two terms beginning in October andJanuary. The lectures during the summer term arearranged as a general 'revision course. The fee for thewhole-time attendance is I5 guineas per term. A largernumber of graduates can be accepted for part-time studyat a fee of I2 guineas per term; if vacancies are availableit may be possible to' accept graduates for shorter periodsof part-time study at a fee of 5 guineas per month.

,7une 1952378

Postgraduate News

A refresher course, of one week's duration, will be heldfrom July 14 to x8. It is intended for those specializingin chest diseases. Fee.C5 ss.SurgicalA whole-time course in chestbsurgery is conductedduring the terms beginning in October and January. Itincludes attendance at out-patient clinics, operatingsessions, ward clinics, case demonstrations and lectures,and is held partly at the Brompton Hospital and partlyat the London Chest Hospital. The fee is i5 guineasper term.A course of lectures and demonstrations on thoraccisurgery and anaesthesia will be held from 5 to 7 p.m.each evening from September I5 to 27. Fee /C5 5s.RadiologyPart-time instruction in radiology of the chest for traineeradiologists only is given each term. The fee is ioguineas per term.For further general information application should beaddressed to the Dean, Institute of Diseases of the Chest,Brompton Ho.spital, Fulham Road, S.W.3.

INSTrrUTE OF CHILD HEALTH (Hospitalfor Sick Children) (British PostgraduateMedical Federation)The Institute of Child Health is associated with TheHospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, thePostgraduate Medical School of London at Hammer-smith Hospital, and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital forChildren. In its programme teaching on every aspectof child health is provided. Visits are arranged to the de-partment for the new-born and premature infant at thePostgraduate Medical School of London, Hammer-smith Hospital, Maternity and Child Welfare Clinics,Nursery Homes, etc. The Institute provides tuitionthroughout the year in three terms of three months'duration each, beginning in January, May and October.In addition a series of lectures by specialists and ex-perts in various spheres is given each term. The feesare 20 guineas for one term and 35 guineas for two terms.Applications should be addressed to the Dean, Instituteof Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, GreatOrmond Street, London, W.C. i.

INSTITUTE OF DERMATOLOGY(Medical School of St. John's Hospital forDiseases of the Skin) (British PostgraduateMedical Federation)Clinical Teaching. Instruction is given twice dailyin the out-patients' department for which the fee variesfrom one guinea for one week to I5 guineas for a year.Discussion of special cases takes place at io a.m. or,Saturdays, except during fourth week of each month.Laboratory. The facilities for students include tech-nical work in histology, bacteriology and medicalmycology.Lectures. In addition to the Summer Course now beingheld, a winter course extending over six months beginsin October. Both these courses consist of lectures at5.30 p.m. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays onGeneral Dermatology, branches of pathology and X-ray,and clinical demonstrations on Fridays which are de-signed for those taking the M.R.C.P.June3 Mr. A. K. Monro. Blood vessels of the lower limbs.

4 Dr. R. W. Riddell. Medical mycology-micro-sporum and epidermophyton infections.

S Dr. H. Haber. Diagnosis by biopsy and cytology.6 Dr. B. Russell. Reticuloses.

Io Dr. P. M. F. Bishop. Skin changes in relation toendocrine disturbances.

i Dr. R. W. Riddell. Medical mycology-tricho-phyton infections.

12 Dr. J7. 0. Oliver. Pathology-reticuloses.13 Dr. H. J. Wallace. Congenital and late develop-

mental abnornalities.17 Dr. L. Musso. Modem aspects of the ground sub-

stance, collagen and elastic tissues.i8 Dr. R. W. Riddell. Medical mycology-subcu-

taneous mycotic infections.20 Dr. D. I. Williams. Erythrodermias.24 Dr. R. T. Brain. Topical therapy.25 Dr. H. Haber. Cellular naevi and melanomas.27 Dr. S. C. Gold. Pyococcal infections.Enquiries should be made to the Dean, Institute ofDermatology, St. _'ohn's Hospitalfor Diseases of the Skin,Lislea Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C.2.

INSTITUTE OF LARYNGOLOGY ANDOTOLOGY (Royal National Throat, Noseand Ear Hospital)(British Postgraduate Medical Federation)A comprehensive course lasting 32 weeks and designedto cover the whole field of the specialty is held twice ayear beginning in February and September. This con-sists of lectures, demonstrations and attendance on thepractice of the hospital, with facilities for dissection. Aspecial point is made of the anatomy, physiology andpathology related to the subject. Advanced studentsmay obtain additional experience by appointment asOut-patient Assistants. An Advanced Revision Class(io weeks) for M.S. and F.R.C.S. students is also giventwice yearly. The composite fee, including enrolmentas a clinical assistant, attendance on the hospital prac-tice and at one of the comprehensive courses, but ex-cluding dissection, is C52 IOS.For further information application should be addressedto the Dean, Institute of Laryngology and Otology, 330Gray's Inn Road, W.C.i.

INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGY (The NationalHospital, Queen Square, and the Maida ValeHospital for Nervpus Diseases) (British Post-graduate Medicaf Federation)The teaching is mainly by attendance on the hospitalpractice. Some advanced students are appointed asfull-time clinical clerks at the National Hospital, QueenSquare, or to the electro-encephalographic or one ofthe other special departments, or to the research labora-tories. A limited number of part-time clinical clerk-ships are available at the Maida Vale Hospital withopportunity for examining patients.In addition two full-time courses of ten weeks' durationare given each year, namely, in the Autumn and Springterms. The first portion of the course deals with theanatomy and physiology of the nervous system, neuro-pathology and psychology, and consists mainly oflectures and demonstrations. The second portion dealswith clinical neurology, medical and surgical, neuro-ophthalmology, neuro-otology and radiology, andincludes lectures and demonstrations. A course inneuro-surgery is given during the Summer term.

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Special lectures by neurologists from outside Londonand from abroad are held throughout the three courses.Fees, for the ten weeks' full-time course 20 guineas;for attending hospital practice, I5 guineas for threemonths or 28 guineas for six months.Part-time teaching is given in the Out-patient Depart-ment, at the National Hospital, Queen Square, on fivedays a week throughout the year (public holidaysexcepted), and at Maida Vale Hospital.Courses of Clinical Demonstrations are given onWednesdays and Saturdays at the National Hospital,Queen Square. Advertisements conceming theseappear from time to time in the medical joumals.The following lecture will be given in the LectureTheatre, on June 3 at 5 p.m. by Dr. S. Obrador Alcaldeon ' Some reflections on the surgical treatment ofepileptic patients '. Admission free.For further particulars please apply to the Dean, Instituteof Neurology, National Hospital, Queen Square, London,W.C.I.

INSTITUTE OF OBSTETRICS ANDGYNAECOLOGY (British PostgraduateMedical Federation)Incorporates the teaching facilities of Queen Charlotte'sMaternity Hospital, the Chelsea Hospital for Women,and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ofthe Postgraduate Medical School. Graduates mnusthold a registrable medical qualification.On enrolment, graduates are posted to one of the con-stituent hospitals and also attend combined classes atthe other two hospitals. The enrolment fee is C,;and the charge for one term of I2 weeks is £30.An intensive course suitable for those preparing forhigher examinations will be held in December andJune.General practitioners requiring further experience inobstetrics are accepted during the term at QueenCharlotte's Hospital, to attend the practice of the hos-pital for two or four weeks, with opportunity to conductnormal deliveries and to attend combined classes at theother hospitals. Fee £3 a week during term. Ministryof Health grants are payable to approved generalpractitioners attending for such a period. GeneralPractitioner Refresher Courses, lasting one week, areheld twice a year for which the fee is CS55s. This courseis recognized by the Ministry of Health, in the case ofapproved practitioners, for the purpose of a grant.Postgraduates may attend the practice of the hospitalat the Postgraduate Medical School and Queen Char-lotte's Hospital during the vacation, when a charge ofXI a week is made.Hostel accommodation is available at the PostgraduateMedical School and at Queen Charlotte's Hospital.Applications for further information and for enrolmentforms should be made to the Secretary, Institute ofObstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea Hospitalfor Women,Dovehouse Street, S.W.3.

INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGY(Royal London Ophthalmic, Royal West-minster Ophthalmic, Central LondonOphthalmic Hospitals) (British PostgraduateMedical Federation)Courses of lectures and classes beginning March i andOctober i each year to meet the requirements ofcandidates entering for the examination for the Diplomain Ophthalmology and other ophthalmological examina-

tions will be given by members of the staff of the Hos-pital and Institute. Each course is designed to extendover two terms of approximately. 8 weeks each and isnormally divided into two parts.Part I. Anatomy (iniuding embryology and normalhistology), elementary physiology of the eye, optics(elementary and physiological), practical tutorials inrefraction work and clinical subjects.Part II. All clinical branches of the subject togetherwith bacteriology and pathology. Students can attendthe daily clinical practice of the two branches of theMoorfields, Westminster and Central Eye Hospital,and hold the appointments of Junior Clinical Assistantsand Clinical Assistants concurrently with the abovecourses. A composition fee of C26 5s. od. will admitstudents once to the lectures and tutorial classes of anyone term, with six months' clinical practice in thehospital.Extra Courses. Slit lamp microscopy (fee C5 5s. od.);orthoptic training (one week's intensive course, fee£s5 5s. od.); contact lenses (one weeks' intensive course,fee £io Ios. od.). Additional courses by arrangement.Hospital Practice only. Fees as follows: one month,,C2 2S. od.; three months, £5 ss. od.; six months,£IO IOS. od.Facilities for research.For further information apply to the Dean, Institute ofOphthalmology, Judd Street, London, W.C.i.

INSTITUTE OF ORTHOPAEDICS(British Postgraduate Medical Federation)The Institute is concemed with postgraduate educationin orthopaedics and with research. The practice of theRoyal National Orthopaedic Hospital (both at the townsection in Great Portland Street, and at the countrysection at Stanmore) is open to postgraduates, who mayjoin at any time. In addition to hospital practice, formalcourses of various lengths are held during academicterms. Facilities for advanced clinical work are availablefor selected candidates having a suitable scientific orsurgical training.Further particulars may be obtained from the Dean,Institute of Orthopaedics, Royal National OrthopaedicHospital, 234 Great Portland Street, W. I.

INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY(British Postgraduate Medical Federation)The Institute,.*which was formerly the MaudsleyHospital Medical School, is now associated with theoint Bethlem Royal Hospital and Maudsley Hospital.It is concemed with postgraduate education in psychiatryand allied subjects, and with research. A course ofinstruction covering up to three years, and starting inOctober yearly, is provided for medical practitionerswho wish to specialize in psychiatry or to prepare forthe Diploma in Psychological Medicine.Clinical instruction, which includes case conferences,seminars, and practical experience in case taking, isgiven at associated hospitals in the mornings, andsystematic lectures and demonstrations are arranged forthe afternoons. Students may also enrol for shorterperiods, or for single series of lectures.The subjects covered include general and child psy-chiatry, principles of psychotherapy, forensic psychiatry,criminology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, withspecial reference to the clinical applications of the elec-troencephalogram, neuropathology, biochemistry, socialpsychology, mental testing, and statistics. Lectures on

380 ,7une 1952

Postgraduate News

subjects of special interest are arranged from time totime. The tuition fee for a full year's course is£53 Ios. od., including enrolment fee. For shorterperiods the fee varies with the type of course chosen.Selected students are eligible for appointments on thestaff of the Joint Hospital.Facilities for research and supervision of study forhigher degrees also exist in clinical work and in thebiochemical, electrophysiological, neuropathological andpsychological laboratories.Further information may be obtained from the Dean,Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, DenmarkHill, London. S.E.s.

INSTIUTE OF UROLOGY (St. Peter's andSt. Paul's & St. Philip's Hospitals) (BritishPostgraduate Medical Federation)A postgraduate course of urological instruction will beheld as follows:-'Advanced Urology,' June I6 to 27, 1952.Applications should be addressed to the Secretary, Instituteof Urology, St. Paul's Hospital, Endell Street, London,W.C.2.

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OFLONDON (British Postgraduate MedicalFederation)The Postgraduate Medical School of London (formerlythe British Postgraduate Medical School) is associatedwith the Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, W.12.It has University Departments in Medicine, Surgery,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Pathology. TheDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology togetherwith Queen Charlotte's and the Chelsea Hospitals, nowforms the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Theteaching in the clinical departments, which is of anadvanced nature and based on ward work, is continuousand is supplemented by lectures during three ten-weeksessions starting in January, April and October. Suit-able students are encouraged to undertake researchwork. A course for the University Diploma in ClinicalPathology, lasting one year, is available for a limitednumber of selected students. This commences inOctober. In anaesthetics, short practical courseslasting a fortnight, and longer periods of training for sixmonths, are provided. The Department of Radiologyof the Hospital provides courses for the Diplomas inMedical Radiology of the University and ConjointBoard. The fees vary from £3 for one week to £6o fora year.For further information application should be made to theDean, Postgraduate School of London, Ducane Road,W.12.

EAST HAM CHEST CLINICOut-patient teaching. Mondays and Thursdays at2.30 p.m.Apply Senior Registrar, East Ham Chest Clinic, KatherineRoad, Forest Gate, London, E.7.

LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE ANDTROPICAL MEDICINE (University ofLondon)Courses of study are arranged for the C.P.H. andD.P.H. (London University); D.T.M. & H. (Eng.);and Academic Diploma in Bacteriology. Short coursesare arranged in the Principles of Medical Statistics and

Epidemiology, Statistical Methods and their Applica-tion in Medicine, and Applied Helminthology.For further information and enrolment applications shouldbe addressed to the Secretary, London School of Hygieneand 7ropical Medine, Keppel Street Gower Street,.London, W.C.I.

NORTH LONDON POSTGRADUATEMEDICAL INSTITUTECourses in advanced medicine, advanced surgery, andobstetrics and gvnaecology. Instruction in pathology,anaesthetics and radiodiagnosis. Clinical instruction atBearsted Memorial Hospital, Chase Farm Hospital,North Middlesex Hospital, The Prince of Wales's.General Hospital and St. Ann's General Hospital.During the coming academic year there will be eight-week courses in advanced medicine suitable for thosetaking the M.R.C.P. examination, and eight-weekcourses in advanced surgery suitable for those takingthe F.R.C.S. examination, also two-week courses forthose taking the D.Obst.R.C.O.G. examination.For further information apply to the Dean, the Princeof Wales's General Hospital, London, N.IS.

PLAISTOW HOSPITAL CHEST UNITIn-patient round, every Thursday at 4.30 p.m.Apply Registrar, Plaistow Hospital, Samson Street,Plaistow, London, E.I3.

ROYAL EYE 1OSPITAL(King's College Hospital Group)The following lectures will be given. Admission free.Arthur D. Griffith LectureJune4 5.30 p.m. Mr. J. F. P. Deller. The eye as an

optical system.Malcolm McHardy LectureJune23 5.30 p.m. Prof. Thomas Nicol. The surgical

anatomy of the accessory sinuses in relation to theorbit.

Clinical Ophthalmology and Other LecturesJune6 4.30 p.m. Mr. A. X7. Came.on. Lacrimal sacs and

ducts.9 5.00 p.m. Dr. T. H. Whittington. Diabetes and

the eye.10 5.00 p.m. Dr. A. C. Cunliffe. Bacteriology of

the eye.I6 5.oo p.m. Dr. T. H. Whittington. Third nerve

paralysis.i8 5.30 p.m. Mr. R. P. Crick. Congenital fundus

abnormalities.Demonstrations (attendance limited; tickets ofadmission from Secretary).June13 5.00 p.m. Miss Iris Kane. Pathological specimens.Revision ClassesJune 3, I7 and 24. 5.00 p.m. Mr. T. M. Tyrrell. General.June 5, I2 and 19. 5.30 p.m. Miss 7. M. Dollar and

Miss M. Savory, General.Details of further lectures, demonstrations and revisionclasses can be obtained from the Secretary, Royal EyeHospital, St. George's Circus, London, S.E. .

.7une 1952

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL

ST. GEORGE'S HOSPITAL MEDICALSCHOOL(University of London)The following lecture-demonstrations will be held inthe Large Lecture Theatre on Thursdays at 5 p.m.Admission free.June5 Sir Paul Mallinson. Psychiatry.12 Dr. Paterson. Neurology.I9 Dr. Parridge. Psychiatry.

ST. STEPHEN'S HOSPITAL(Rheumatism Unit)Two concentrated week-end courses in the RheumaticDiseases are given each year, in March and in October,under the auspices of the Fellowship of PostgraduateMedicine.A limited number of postgraduates can attend the Out-patient sessions of the Unit on Wednesday and Fridaymornings at io a.m.Applications for attendance 'at these sessions should bemade to the Medical Registrar, Rheumatism Unit, St.Stephen's Hospital, Fulham Road, S.W.io.

EMPIRE RHEUMATISM COUNCILLecture courses in Rheumatic Diseases are arrangedfor general practitioners and other postgraduatesperiodically.Particulars are obtainable from the General Secretary,Empire Rheumatism Council, Tavistock House (N),Tavistock Square, London, W.C.i.

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTHAND HYGIENEThe Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygieneannounces that the next bi-annual course of instructionfor the Certificate in Public Health will begin on Octo-ber 3, 1952. This leads to courses both for the Diplomain Public Health and for the Diploma in IndustrialHealth. All courses may be taken either whole-time orpart-time.Prospectuses, enrolment forms and full particlulars may beobtained from the Secretary, The Royal Institute of'Public Health and Hyiene, 28 Portland Place, London,W.I. Telephone: Langham 273 1/2.

ABERDEENSHIRERed Cross Sanatoria of ScotlandA three-day clinical course will be held at the Tor-na-Dee and Glen o' Dee Sanatoria on the following datesOctober I5, i6 and I7. Fee £3 3s.Applications for further information and for enrolmentshould be addressed to the Secretary, Tuberculosis Educa-tional Institute, Tavistock House NVorth. TavistockSquare, London, W.C. i.

BIRMINGHAMFaculty of MedicineIndustrial Ophthalmology. A course will be held atthe Birmingham and Midland Eye Hospital from July2I to 25, 1952. It will include clinical demonstrations,lectures on industrial diseases and injuries, and afternoonvisits to local factories and a coal mine. Fee £4 4s. forthe full course; C2 as. for evening sessions only.

Further information can be obtained from the Director ofResearch, Birmingham and Midland Eye Hospital ChurchStreet, Birmingham, 3.

BRISTOLMedical Postgraduate Department of theUnivqrsity of BristolSession 1952-1953. Provided that there are sufficientapplicants the following postgraduate courses will bearranged beginning in October, I952.Course in Child Health. This will be whole-time andwill last for three months. Fee 2I. The course will beunder the direction of the Head of the Dept. of ChildHealth in co-operation with the Depts. of PreventiveMedicine, Medicine, Surgery, Pathology, etc., and willinclude lectures, demonstrations, ward rounds andvisits to clinics and ancillary institutions. The Univer-sity does not itself grant a Diploma in Child Health.Diploma in Psychological Medicine (D.P.M.,Bristol). (a) Part I. This will begin in October, I 952, andwill cover a period of two terms. lt will include lecturesand demonstrations in special anatomy and physiology,pharmacology and applied psychology. Fee £zi.(b) Part II. This will be designed primarily for Part IIof the D.P.M. (Bristol) and will be held in the autumnand spring terms and part of the summer term, I952-53.It will consist of lectures and demonstrations in theclinical aspects of adult and child psychiatry, mentaldeficiency and associated subjects. Fee £26 5s. Thecourse will be open to a limited number of physicianspractising in psychiatry, in addition to those preparingfor the D.P.M. (Bristol).Diploma in Public Health, Part II (D.P.H., Bristol).This part-time course is designed primarily for thosewho have obtained Part I (C.P.H.) in the University ofBristol, but others who hold the C.P.H. of approvedlicensin:I bodies may be considered for admission. Thecourse will last for one academic year (October I952-June, T)53). Fee £31 IOs. Candidates will be per-mitted to engage in part-time employment of their ownchoice f r which approval of the University must besought. )r, if they wish, they may be considered forappointrr .ent to a few selected vacancies within the Cityof Bristc,' which have been made available for suitablecandidate s.

Courses in Medical Radiology. The Diplomasgranted ty the University are being discontinued butprovided that sufficient applications are received thefollowing courses, suitable for Diplomas of the RoyalColleges (D.M.R.D. and D.M.R.T.) will begin inJune, 195 , and will last for two academic years (i.e.,until June, 1954): D.M.R.D. Course will be half-timeand a limited number of half-time registrarships indiagnostic radiology will be available in the BristolClinical Area ; D.M.R.T. Course will be given at theBristol-Bath joint Centre for Radiotherapy, whichdeals with 1,700 new cases of malignant disease everyyear. D.M.R.T. students are eligible to apply for juniorposts in the Dept. Enquiries about the examinationsfor both Diplomas should be addressed to the Secre-tary, Conjoint Board, Examination Hall, Queen Square,London, W.C.i. Fee for each course C52 IOs.Further information, copies of regulations for the BristolDiplomas and application forms for the courses may beobtained from the Director of Medical PostgraduateStudies, The University, Bristol 8. Applications shouldbe made before J'une I6, 1952.

-,:82 _7unie I95'2

Postgraduate News

CAMBRIDGEUniversity Medical SchoolPostgraduate facilities for general medical practitioners.From October i, I95I, to July 28, 1952, regular dailymedical and surgical ward rounds. out-patient clinicsand a monthly clinico-pathological conference will beavailable at the Cambridge United Hospitals. One-day symposia on various subjects are held once a monthon a Saturday. A detailed time-table showing subjectsis obtainable on application.Enquiries should be addressed to the Secretary, CambridgeUniversity Medical School, The Naval Hut, DowningCollege, Cambridge.

CARDIFFThe Welsh National School of MedicineC.P.H. Wales (Certificate in Public Health). Threemonths' full-time course, October to December.D.P.H. Wales (Diploma in Public Health). Twelvemonths' part-time course, January to December.T.D.D. Wales (Tuberculous Diseases Diploma).Five to six months' full-time course, January to June.D.M.R.D.Eng. (Diploma in Medical Radio-diagnosis). Eighteen months' full-time course fromOctober.The number of admissions to each of the above courses isstrictly limited, and early application should be made tothe Secretary, The Welsh National School of Medicine34 Newport Road, Cardiff.

DUBLINUniversity CollegeThe following courses will be held during the session1952-53:-C.P.H. Course and examination. Michaelmas Term.D.P.H. Course. Hilary and Trinity Terms.

Examinations. Summer Term.D.P.M. Course and examination. Michaelmas Term.D.C.H. Course and examination. Hilary Term.Further particulars may be obtained on application to theRegistrar, University College, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin.

EDINBURGHEdinburgh Postgraduate Board of MedicineGeneral Surgery. A three months' course of post-graduate surgery is arranged to start on September 29,1952. It is suitable for surgeons requiring a refreshercourse in the current outlook on general surgery, or forgraduates preparing to specialize in surgery; approxi-mat ly 275 hours of instruction are provided. Fee£31 Ios. od.Internal Medicine. A course lasting I2 weeks, suitablefor graduates wishing a refresher course, or to specializein Medicine, begins on September 29, I952. Thesecourses consist of 320 hours' instruction, comprisinglectures, clinical demonstrations and ward visits. Fee£31 Ios. od. Additional instruction in Clinical Paed-iatrics is arranged in conjunction with the course inMedicine, for which there is a small fee; the numbersare limited.Medical Sciences. A three months' course in AppliedAnatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Bacteriology and Bio-chemistry will begin on June 30, 1952. This course issuitable for postgraduates wishing to take the PrimaryFellowship Examination, as a final preparation in these

subjects. Considerable basic knowledge is highly desir-able prior to taking this course. Fee £3I Ios. od.Applications for enrolment should be addressed to Directorof Postgraduate Studies, Surgeons' Hall, Edinburgh, 8,supplying particulars of qualifications and postgraduateexperience.

Royal Medical SocietyThe meetings of the Society are held in the Society'sHall on Friday evenings during the Autumn and SpringTerms. Meetings consist of Private Business (at 7 p.m.)and Public Business (at 8 p.m.) in which dissertationsby members or addresses by prominent medical men onsubjects of medical interest are given. Clinical meetingsare held periodically in the Royal Infirmary and filmshows of the latest medical films are given in the Society'sRooms. Prospective members will be welcomed on anyFriday evening in the Society's Hall before publicbusiness.Applications for further information should be addressedto the Secretary, Royal Medical Society, 7 MelbournePlace, Edinburgh, I.

GODALMING, SurreyThree-day clinical courses will be held at the KingGeorge V Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, on thefollowing dates: June 4, 5 and 6; October I, 2 and 3.Fee £3 3s. od. per course.Applications for further information and for enrolmentshould be addressed to the Secretary, Tuberculosis Edu-cational Institute, Tavistock House North, TavistockSquare, London, W.C.i.

LIVERPOOLUniversity of LiverpoolThe following postgraduate courses of instruction areoffered-Surgery. A full-time course of one year suitable forcandidates who have already completed the PrimaryExamination of the F.R.C.S., or undertaken post-graduate study in anatomy and physiology. On com-pletion of the course students become eligible to takethe examination leading to the Mastership of Surgery(Ch.M.) of this University, provided they are medicalgraduates of approved Universities or graduates in otherfaculties with qualifications in medicine. The fee forthe course is £6o0 The course begins in September.Orthopaedic Surgery. A full-time ix-month courseleading to a Mastership in Orthopaedic Surgery(M.Ch.Orth.) open to all medical graduates of ap-proved Universities (and to graduates in other facultieswith qualifications in medicine) who hold an F.R.C.S.of one of the British colleges or its equivalent. The feefor the whole course is £70. The course normallybegins in January.Radiology. A full-time course of two academicyears leading to a D.M.R. (D. or T.) open to medicalgraduates of approved Universities and to medicallyqualified 'andidates who hold approved higher medicaldiplomas and a degree in a faculty other than medicine.The fee for the full two-year course is £63. The coursebegins in October. The degree of M.Rad. may, afterreport by the Faculty, be conferred on holders of the,D.M.R. (D. or T.) of this University under certainconditions.Public Health. A full-time one-year course leading tothe Diploma in Public Health, open to candidates witha medical qualification from an approved medical school

383June 1952

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL

or licensing body. The fee is £60. All courses of in-struction begin in October.Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. A full-time four-month course leading to the Diploma in TropicalMedicine and Hygiene (D.T.M. & H.) open to candi-,dates with a medical qualification from an approvedmedical school or licensing body. The course begins inSeptember and January. Fee C44.Anaesthesia. A full-time course of post-graduateinstruction, limited to ten students, begins on October iand lasts for one year. The course combines instructionin the practical administration of anaesthetics with lec-ures and demonstrations in anatomy (including dis-section), physiology, pathology, physics, pharmacologymedicine and surgery, and anaesthesia. For the purposeof gaining practical experience, the 'students are foundsuitable appointments in recognised General Hospitalswithin the Liverpool area. The fee for the course is £c60.Applications for further information should be addressedto the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, The University,Liverpool, 3.

MARKET DRAYTON, ShropshireA three-day clinical course will be held at the CheshireJoint Sanatorium on the following dates:-November12, 1I3 and 14. Fee £3 3s.Applications for further information and for enrolmentshould be addressed to the Secretary, Tuberculosis Educa-tional Institute, Tavistock House North, Tavistock Square,London, W.C. I.

OXFORDPostgraduate Medical Education, UnitedOxford HospitalsSummary of ward rounds, clinics, demonstrations, etc.,open to general practitioners from September I95I toJuly I952.Medicine, ward rounds, Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednes-days, Thursdays and Fxidays, io.1S a.m., Radcliffe In-firmary, Fridays, iI a.m., Churchill Hospital. MedicalConcilia, Wednesdays, 5 p.m. (alternate weeks), Rad-cliffe Infirmary. Clinical demonstrations, Thursdays,2.15 p.m., Radcliffe Infirmary. Clinico-pathology,conferences, Wednesdays, 5 p.m., Maternity LectureTheatre, Radcliffe Infirmary (alternate weeks in fullterm). Chest Diseases, clinical demonstrations,Mondays, 2 and 3. p.m., Osler Pavilion. Tuberculosisward rounds, Fridays, 2 p.m., Osler Pavilion.Paediatrics, clinical demonstrations, Saturdays, 10.30a.m., Radcliffe Infirmary. Child Welfare, clinics{City), day and time by arrangement with Dr. MaryFisher. Infectious Diseases, clinical demonstrations,day and time by arrangement with Dr. Warin, SladeIsolation Hospital. Psychiatry, clinical demonstra-tions, Fridays, 4 p.m., Park Hospital (by arrangementwith Dr. McInnes). Geriatrics, clinical demonstra-tions, Monday, 2.15 p.m., Cowley Road Hospital.Neurology (medical and surgery), out-patients, Tues-days and Wednesdays, 2 p.m., Radcliffe Infirmary.Clinical demonstrations, Thursdays, 5 p.m., RadcliffeInfirmary. Venereal Diseases, out-patients, Mon-days, 6 p.m., and Wednesdays, 2.30 p.m., Radcliffe In-firmary, Wednesdays, 5.30 p.m., and Saturdays, 2.I5p.m., Radcliffe Infirmary. Skin Diseases, out-patients,Mondays and Fridays, 2 p.m., Radcliffe Infirmary.Accident Service, daily, 10.30 a.m., Radcliffe Infirmary.Surgery, ward rounds, Mondays and Fridays, 9.30 a.ru.,Radcliffe Infirmary, Tuesdays, 9.30 a.m., Churchill

Hospital. Clinical demonstrations, Tuesdays, 4.30p.m., Radcliffe Infirmary. Plastic Surgery, out-patients and clinical demonstrations, Fridays, 2 p.m.,Churchill Hospital. Orthopaedic Surgery, clinicaldemonstrations, Saturdays, 9 a.m., Wingfield-MorrisHospital. Obstetrics, lecture demonstrations, Mon-days, Tuesdays and Fridays, 9.I5 a.m., MaterpityLecture Theatre, Radcliffe Infirmary. Gynaecology,ward rounds, Wednesdays, 10.30 a.m. and 5 p.m.,Radcliffe Infirmary. Obstetrics and Gynaecology,concilia, monthly, altemate Thursdays and Fridays,3 p.m., Maternity Lecture Theatre, Radcliffe Infirmary.Ante-natal clinics, out-patients, Mondays, X p.m.,Maternity Home, Radcliffe Infirmary, and Mondays,2 p.m., Churchill Hospital, Thursdays, 2 p.m., Rad-cliffe Infirmary Maternity Home, Fridays, 9.I5 a.m.,Maternity Lecture Theatre. Post-natal clinics, out-patients, Tuesdays, io a.m., Radcliffe InfirmaryMaternity Lecture Theatre.General practitioners wishing to avail themselves of thefacilities set out in this schedule should apply to theChairman, Postgraduate Medical Committee, I i KebleRoad, Oxford.

CONFERENCES, PRIZES, Etc.Prize, value £50, will be awarded in October 1952, forthe best original work on 'The improvement of forcepsdeliveries.' Candidates must be registered medicalpractitioners in the British Commonwealth, but theprize may be awarded to a team of more than onepractitioner working together in an obstetric unit.Entries, which must be typewritten and should be limitedto 2,000 words, must be received before J'uly I, I952, bythe Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,58 Queen Anne Street, London, W.I.The zith International Dental Congress will beheld in London from July 19 to 26, 1952. Full informa-tion can be obtained from the Hon. Secretary of the Con-gress Organizing Committee, British Dental Association,13 Hill Street, London, W. I.The James Berry Prize (value £so) will be awarded onthe result of an essay on 'The treatment and preserva-tion of the injured hand.' Candidates must be Fellowsor members of the Royal College of Surgeons. Disserta-tions must be received at the College by June 30, 1952.Full particulars can be obtainedfrom the Secretary, RoyalCollege of Surgeons, Lincolns Inn Fields, London, W.C.2.Buckston Browne Prize Essay. The prize, consistingof a medal together with the sum of Cioo, will beawarded for the best essay on 'Jaundice.' The prize isopen to any member of the medical profession registeredin the British Isles or Dominions, and is limited tocandidates under 45 years of age. Essays must be sentin by December i, 1952.Further particulars obtainable from the Hon. Secretaries,Harveian Society of London, i i Chandos Street, London,W.I.Queen Square Prize in Neurology. Starting in I952,a prize of £0oo will be awarded aniually to the post-graduate student, or ex-student, of the Institute ofNeurology who presents the best written paper describ-ing clinica work carried out or initiated at the NationalHospitals for Nervous Diseases. Entries must be sub-mitted not later than December 31, 1952, and September30 in each succeeding year.Full particulars from the Dean, Institute of Neurology,(Queen Square), The National Hospital, Queen Square;London, W.C.i.

384 _7une I1952

FELLOWSHIP OF POSTGRADUATEMEDICINE

6o PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, W.ITelephone: LmiGHAM 4266

PresidentSIR GORDON GORDON-TAYLOR, K.B.E., C.B., M.S., F.R.C.S.

Chairman of Executive CommitteeMAURICE DAVIDSON, D.M., F.R.C.P.

Honorary TreasurerCHARLES D. READ, F.R.C.S., F.R.C.O.G.

Honorary SecretariesMAURICE DAVIDSON, D.M., F.R.C.P.

DAVID LEVI, M.S.,. F.R.C.S.

Executive CommitteeJ. W. D. BULL, M.D., F.R.C.P.SOL. M. COHEN, F.R.C.S.HAROLD DAVIS, M.B., M.R.C.P.COTLIN EDRTWARDS. M.RB. M.R.C.P-

L. P. LE QUESNE, M.A.(Oxon.),F.R.C.S.A. A. G. LEWIS, M.D., M.R.C.D.ANDREW MONRO, M.D., F.R.C.S.K. I. NISSEN. F.R.C.S

R. S. BRUCE PEARSON, D.M., F.R.C.P.Editor: Secretary t

Professor C. G. Rob, M.C., M.CHIR., F.R.C.S. Miss M. L. WORTHAssistant Secretary: Miss J. CLARK

Only qualified medical practitioners may become Members of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine.Instruction arranged by the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine is open only to Members on payment of therequisite fees. Postgraduates (whether Members or not) are not automatically included in the mailing lists, butmust notify the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine if they wish to be sent syllabuses as puzblished, and mustspecify the subjects in which they are interested. Information regarding courses can be obtained from the Office,daily between io a.m. and 5 p.m. (Saturdays io a.m. to I2 noon). Telephone: Langham 4266.

A. I wish to become a Member of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine; annual subscription iOs. 6d.(if syllabuses of courses are required, please state subjects of interest).

B. I wish to subscribe to the monthly POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL; annual subscription 368. postfree. (All subscriptions from month of jpining unless otherwise requested. Banker's Order form foisubscriptions to the JOURNAL are obtainable on application.)

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Applicants for Membership of the Fellowship must also complete the following:Medical qualifications, University or Medical School and year of graduation

Juue I952 Banker's order forn for subscriptions to the JouRNAL are obtainable on request.

MEDICAL STUDENTS: Concession subscription to POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL: LI per annum,post free. Special application forn obtainable from the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine.