김병휘 - hsn2018old.hsn.or.kr/workshop/hsn2005/document/session5/5_1.pdf · bias : 60 ma er :...
TRANSCRIPT
WDMWDM--PONPON
2005. 1. 27.
김병휘
2Proprietary
Contents
FTTH FTTH WDMWDM--PONPON
TT--PON with PLCPON with PLC--ECLECLRR--PON with RSOAPON with RSOAUCL (TOUCL (TO--CAN with TEC)CAN with TEC)
WDM/SCMWDM/SCM--PONPON
3Proprietary
FTTH Perspectives
TransceiverTransceiver
Speed per Speed per ChannelChannel
MarketMarket
TechnologyTechnology
C&B TypeC&B Type
2010201020032003 2009200920072007 200820082005200520022002 20042004 20062006
* PLEC: Planar Light & Electronic Circuit
Overlay Overlay In-BandIn-Band
AON (FTTC) AON (FTTC)
TDM-PONTDM-PON
WDM-PONWDM-PON
155/622 Mbps155/622 Mbps
1.25 Gbps 2.5 Gbps1.25 Gbps 2.5 Gbps10 Gbps10 Gbps
TO-CAN TypeTO-CAN Type
Optically Hybrid Type (PLC)Optically Hybrid Type (PLC)
O-E Hybrid Type (PLEC*)O-E Hybrid Type (PLEC*)
NTT,소프트뱅크,동경전력 3000만
Verizon,SBC100만
KT시범 KT 175만
NCA 시범
ETRI 시범
건설업체 (특등급)
홈네트워크 시범홈네트워크 시범
시장확대
NTT,동경전력 180만
Verizon,SBC 1300만 Verizon,SBC 3000만
4Proprietary
FTTH 현황 - 세계
최근 FTTH 기술은 인터넷 접속 속도 증대 차원을 벗어나 기존 인터넷서비스에 VoIP, IP-TV를 결합하는 TPS가 새로운 통신서비스모델로 부상
미국은 FCC (Federal Communications Commission) 연방통신 위원회 의 UNE (Unbundling Network Equipment) 유보 정책 발표를 전기로 최근 Verizon, SBC 등RBOC 들이 FTTH 투자를 획기적으로 증대– Verizon은 2005년까지 300만 회선의 FTTH 구축 예정 (당초 100만 회선)– SBC는 2007년 까지 1800만 회선의 TPS 서비스 망 구축 예정
(20~25Mbps급 서비스 제공하는 FTTN (Fiber To The Neighborhood) 포함)– 2007년 까지 1300만 회선, 2009년 까지 2900만 회선의 FTTH 구축 예측
(RVA의 FTTP/FTTH 2004/2005 예측 자료, 2004.11)
일본은 본격적인 FTTH 시대 돌입– 2004년 8월 현재 160만 회선 돌파, 전체 광대역 가입자 1,590만의 10% 수준– FTTH 가입자는 1년 전에 비해 약 4배 증가, 최근 월 10만 회선씩 증가
국내는 KT가 2009년까지 175만 회선의 FTTH 구축 계획 발표– LG전선은 파키스탄에 FTTH 설비 1500만 달러 수출 계약 체결– 광주시는 2만 회선의 FTTH 상용화 계획 확정(2005년~2009년, 1194억원 투자)
5Proprietary
FTTH 현황 - 미국
FTTH 가입자 급증
– 2004년 9월 현재 97만 가입자
– 2004년 3월의 19만 가입자 수준에서 급증 배경은 Verizon 사업에 기인
19,400 35,70072,100
110,000
180,300 189,000
970,000
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005
FTTH Homes Passed
2002 2003 2004 2005
6Proprietary
FTTH 현황 - 일본
2004년 8월 현재 가입자수 160만– 매월10만 가입자 증가
총무성의 e-Japan II 계획 (2003. 7)
– 2005년 광섬유에 의한 초고속 인터넷 접속 1,000만 가입자 목표
NTT의 중기경영계획 (2004. 11)
– 2010년 3,000만 가입자 목표 (총 5조엔 투자)
2004년 10월부터 소프트뱅크의 FTTH 사업 참여로 경쟁 가속– EPON 링크 1 Gbps를 32가입자가 공유하는 방식으로 서비스 제공
– 100 Mbps VDSL 병행
경제성이 높은 공동/집합주택 시장은 경쟁 치열, 투자비가 많이 소요되는 주택지역은 NTT가 주도 (81.8% 점유)
7Proprietary
FTTH 현황 - 유럽
스웨덴 이탈리아 네덜란드 프랑스
16만
(2003. 12)
8만
[2004. 6)
AON
10 Mbps
음성, DATA, 방송
2007년까지45만 가입자 구축
AON
5만 목표
(2004. 8 시작)
AON
10 Mbps
음성, DATA, 방송
10 Mbps
음성, DATA, 방송
투자 2년만에흑자전환,
방송 서비스가입자 증가
PBC : 지자체 포설, CATV SO 운용,
3년 내 5만 가입자확보
가입자29만
(2004. 12)
방식 AON
서비스10 Mbps
음성, DATA, 방송
특징방송 서비스추가 과금
출처 : ITU-T ASNA Workshop 2004, FastWeb
8Proprietary
WDM-PON as a FTTH Solution
Avoid Inventory Problem
– Wavelength Tunable
– Colorless
Reduce Optical `Cost
– 전용선 (Premium Users): Less than $[VDSL] x 10
– Public Users: Less than $[VDSL] x 5
– All-Passive Packaging
Make Reliable to Environmental Changes
9Proprietary
WDM-PON Requirements (Example)
항 목 기준값
채널수 32
채널당 전송속도 1.25Gbps (1000BASE-X)
채널당 출력 광세기 0 dBm
광선로 손실 7 dB
최대 색분산 17 ps/nm
전송거리 20 Km
채널당 입력 광세기 -25 dBm
광전송 성능 감시(파장제어)
0.01 nm/min 파장 변화율을 1 %의 오차 이내 추적
항 목 온 도 (°C)
OLT 0 ~ 60
RN 맨홀 -20 ~ 70
RN 외기 -30 ~ 60
ONT 실내 0 ~ 60
ONT 실외 -20 ~ 60
10Proprietary
WDM-PON Types
C-band EDFA
L-band EDFA
FP-LD
PD
필터 FP-LD
PDPD
필터
가입자
Central Office
Injection Locking 방식
PLC-ECL
PD
필터 PLC-ECL
PDPD
필터
가입자Central Office
T-PON with PLC-ECL
CW-RSOA 방식R-PON with RSOACentral Office
DFB-LD
DFB-LD
DFB-LD
DFB-LD
1310 nm 대역
1550 nm 대역
필터필터
R-SOAPD
필터 R-SOAPD
필터
가입자Central Office
SMLPD
R-SOAPD
11Proprietary
TT--PON with PLCPON with PLC--ECLECL
12Proprietary
FBGFBG--ECL, WBGECL, WBG--ECL (all active alignment)ECL (all active alignment)gain medium (R-LD)waveguidelight
output
Bragg-grating
ECL with fiber Bragg grating
CL5
.60
10.0
0
8.90
12.7
0
30.00 20.83
26.00
1.00
1.00
2.54x6=15.24
PIN : 7- 0.5 x 0.25
R0.65(Glass sealing)
8. L
D(+
)
9. L
D(-,
)
10. C
ase
GN
D
11. N
/C
12. N
/C
13. N
/C
14. N
/C
7. M
-PD
(+)
6. M
-PD
(-)
5. C
ase
GN
D
4. T
herm
istor
3. T
herm
isto
r
2. T
EC(+
)
1. T
EC(-)
WBG
Protector
Optical fiber
LD
TEC
CL5
.60
10.0
0
8.90
12.7
0
30.00 20.83
26.00
1.00
1.00
2.54x6=15.24
PIN : 7- 0.5 x 0.25
R0.65(Glass sealing)
8. L
D(+
)
9. L
D(-,
)
10. C
ase
GN
D
11. N
/C
12. N
/C
13. N
/C
14. N
/C
7. M
-PD
(+)
6. M
-PD
(-)
5. C
ase
GN
D
4. T
herm
istor
3. T
herm
isto
r
2. T
EC(+
)
1. T
EC(-)
WBG
Protector
Optical fiber
LD
TEC
ECL with Waveguide Bragg Grating
13Proprietary
FBGFBG--ECLECL
622Mbps, after SMF 20km transmission
BTB20 kmBTB(w/ AWG)20 km(w/ AWG)
14Proprietary
WBGWBG--ECLECL
1540 1542 1544 1546 1548 1550 1552 1554 1556 1558-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Out
put P
ower
(dBm
)
Wavelength (nm)
BTB20 km
1.25Gbps, after SMF 20km transmission
15Proprietary
Tunable PLCTunable PLC--ECL: motivationsECL: motivations
Current tunable source Tunable PLC-ECL
structure SG-DBR, DFB-array, …
Agility, New focus,…
$5000 ~ $10000
Full C-band, C+L band
0 ~ 13 dBm
1 ~ 25 MHz
30 ~ 45 dB
~ msec
included
all active alignment
external modulation
> 100 km
tunable Bragg grating
players none
cost < uncooled DFB-LD
tuning range 200GHz, 16ch (26 nm)
output power -3 ~ 0 dBm
Linewidth -
SMSR > 30 dB
tuning speed ~ msec
λ-locking none
packaging all passive alignment
modulation 2.5Gbps direct modulationtransmission
distance< 20 km
DFB-LD spec + λ-tunablity
Over-spec. for access networks lower spec. with lower price
16Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL Key featuresECL Key features
Waveguide structuresuper high index contrast∆=1.5%, 4.5 x 4.5um, polymer material
Thermally tunable Bragg gratingdn/dT ~ -1.8x10-4/K∆T=200 deg, ∆λtuning~30nm
Spot-size converter LD far-field angle < 15 deg.
Package
All passive alignmentLD: flip-chip bondingfiber: V-groove integratedstandard 14-pin butterfly package
Chip dimension W x H = 5 x 10 mm2
17Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL Mask LayoutECL Mask Layout
SSC-LD
LD section SSC section
18Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL Mask DrawingECL Mask Drawing
~ 84 chips
on 4-inch Si wafer
19Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL 14ECL 14--pin BTF package Samplepin BTF package Sample
PLC-ECL chip 사진 (LD집적)
20Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL ECL 특성특성 -- 파장파장 가변가변
1546 1548 1550 1552 1554 1556 1558
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
optic
al p
ower
[dB
m]
wavelength [nm]
#9-13
single-mode lasingoutput power > -5 dBmSMSR > 30 dB파장 가변 ~ 14 nm
21Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL ECL 특성특성 -- 1.25Gbps, 20km 1.25Gbps, 20km 전송전송
back-to-back
20km
22Proprietary
PLCPLC--ECL ECL 특성특성 -- 파장별파장별 전송전송 (1.25Gbps)(1.25Gbps)
#9-13
After 20 km1557.24 nm
1558.15 nm
Device temperature: 13.1 oC
Bias : 60 mAER : about 8 dB
23Proprietary
Technical Issues in PLCTechnical Issues in PLC--ECLECL
Issues Current Methods Main problems
1. Two-beam Interfere
2. Phase Mask
Difficult to write grating in the predetermined area according to design
Writing time is too long
Wide Tunability
Single WBG for 26 nm Tuning
Thermal stability of polymer and metal heater
1. Parallel or serially connected WBG’s
2. Dual heaters3. Thermal blocking layer
Low-costPackage
14-pin ButterflyPrice: 50~60$/Butterfly Case(too high cost)
1. mini-DIL package2. Plastic butterfly package3. Other types of package
ebeam Writing
Very good spot-size converter must be integrated with LD.Far field angle < 15 deg.(Chip cost is higher than DFB-LD)
End Butt Coupling
1. Master phase-mask2. nano-imprinting method3. Higher order grating
Our solutions
Bragg grating
LD Coupling
Etched facet LD(SSC-LD far-field angle ~ 20 deg)
24Proprietary
Improvements
0ne-piece chip ( 5 mm x10 mm )
평판형 도파로와의 효율적인 광결합 방식을 이용한 SSC-LD far-field angle 조건 완화(SSC-LD 수율 향상, far-field angle:12.5 20 deg.]
optical tap coupler를 이용한 출력 파워 monitoring기능 포함
양산화 에 용이한 저가의 WBG 제작
광섬유와 광결합하는 영역의 평판형 도파로에 SSC 공정을 도입(all passive 정렬 방식 사용)
PLCPLC--ECL ImprovementsECL Improvements
Bragg-grating
laser diode
monitor PD
optical fiber
Si substrate
heater
25Proprietary
RR--PON with RSOAPON with RSOA
26Proprietary
Amplitude SqueezingAmplitude Squeezing
SaturationInput power
INPUT POWER (dBm)
OU
PU
T P
OW
ER
(dB
m)
RSOA로 입력된하향 신호
RSOA의 saturated gain을통과한 뒤의 하향 신호
Modulation with upstream data
상향 신호로변조된 RSOA 출력
0 1 0 1 0
Eye Diagrams 하향
상향
-13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Opt
ical
gai
n (d
B)
RSOA output power (dBm)
27Proprietary
RSOA RSOA 전송전송 실험실험 SetupSetup
DFB-LD(Nortel) RSOA
RECEIVER
SMF 20 km
PPG (Adventest)
BERT (Anritsu)
DCA : Digital Communication AnalyzerPPG : Pulse Pattern GeneratorBERT : Bit Error Rate Tester
1.25 1.25 Gb/sGb/sNRZNRZ
DCA
100 GHz spacing AWG
Driving Amp.(JDS Uniphase,
VM10EMD)
PPG (Anritsu)
Current = 60 mA70 mA80 mA90 mA
λ= 1550 nm
2.5 Gb/s1.25 Gb/s
NRZ
28Proprietary
RSOA RSOA 실험실험 결과결과 -- BER (BTB)BER (BTB)
CW3 dB4 dB5 dB
downstreanextinction ratio
CW3 dB4 dB5 dB
with 1.25 Gbps downstream
@@Pin=Pin=--10 dBm, BTB10 dBm, BTB
with 2.5 Gbps downstream
downstreanextinction ratio
29Proprietary
RSOA RSOA 실험실험 결과결과 -- BER (20km)BER (20km)
CW3 dB4 dB5 dB
CW3 dB4 dB5 dB
@@Pin=Pin=--10 dBm, SMF 20 km 10 dBm, SMF 20 km
downstreanextinction ratio
with 1.25 Gbps downstream with 2.5 Gbps downstream
downstreanextinction ratio
30Proprietary
Improvements
0ne-piece BiDi chip ( 5 mm x10 mm )
SSC-RSOA 사용
온도 특성: 0 ~ 60 oC
편광특성: 1 dB 이하
광섬유와 광결합하는 영역의 평판형 도파로에 SSC 공정을 도입(all passive 정렬 방식 사용)
PLCPLC--RSOA ImprovementsRSOA Improvements
RSOA
monitor PD
optical fiber
Si substrate
data PD결합렌즈
RSOA chip
31Proprietary
Comparison with NTTComparison with NTT
쭈꾸바쭈꾸바 2003. 11. 2003. 11.
32Proprietary
UCL (TOUCL (TO--CAN with TEC)CAN with TEC)
33Proprietary
UCL StructureUCL Structure
열원:0.2x1.0x300um stripe(발열량 30mW)
LD chip : InP, 100x400x300umHeat sink : AlN, 250x700x400um
header : steel, 1000x1500x1400um
stem : steel, Dia. 5600umx1200um
정면확대
TO-56
Heat sink : Al, 3 x 50 x 50mm
Bracket : Al, 7 x 7x 10mmwith dia 5.6mm hole
후면축소
TEC 상하판 : Al2O3, 1x12x15mm
열원:0.2x1.0x300um stripe(발열량 30mW)
LD chip : InP, 100x400x300umHeat sink : AlN, 250x700x400um
header : steel, 1000x1500x1400um
stem : steel, Dia. 5600umx1200um
정면확대
TO-56
Heat sink : Al, 3 x 50 x 50mm
Bracket : Al, 7 x 7x 10mmwith dia 5.6mm hole
후면축소
TEC 상하판 : Al2O3, 1x12x15mm
34Proprietary
UCLUCL λλ Stability on Temperature ChangeStability on Temperature Change
C-band UCL 광원의 온도에 따른 중심 파장 변화
-20 0 20 40 601542.4
1542.8
1543.2
1543.6
1544.0
1544.4
1544.8
1545.2
1545.6
1546.0
1546.4
1546.8
0.8nm
ch_3=1546.12nm
ch_2=1544.53nm
wav
elen
gth
[nm
]
temperature[oC]
0.8nm
ch_1=1542.94nm
sample#2_c-bandsample#3_c-band
sample#1_c-band
sample#4_c-bandsample#5_c-bandsample#6_c-band
UCL Power Stability on Temperature ChangeUCL Power Stability on Temperature Change
C-band UCL 광원의 온도에 따른 출력 광파워 변화
36Proprietary
UCL UCL 전송전송 특성특성 -- BERBER
BER Plot @ 25°C actual temperature
Set temp: 25°CSet temp: 30°CSet temp: 35°CSet temp: 40°C
37Proprietary
WDMWDM--PON Demo Setup (2004. 12. 13)PON Demo Setup (2004. 12. 13)
CMB Cable TV
Video Camera
L2/L3 Switch
WDM MUX & DeMUX
PLC-ECL
RSOAOLT OTRx
WDM Link OAM
20 km 상향/하향
PLC-ECL
PLC-ECL Subscriber
RSOA Subscriber
1.25 Gbps
1.25 Gbps
Central OfficeUser Premises
ONUs
WDM MUX & DeMUX
38Proprietary
Automatic Wavelength AlignmentAutomatic Wavelength Alignment
RN @ MDF
20km
Rx
Tx
WDM MUX/DMX
ONT
MPU
1542.14nm
1543.73nm
1545.32nm
Tx
Tx
Tx
1542.14nm
1543.73nm
1545.32nm
Rx
Rx
Rx
MPU
OLT
Tracking
Monitoring Tracking
Monitoring
20km
39Proprietary
WDM/SCMWDM/SCM--PONPON
40Proprietary
WDM/SCMWDM/SCM--PON StructurePON Structure
COCO
LDLD
ArrayArray
••
PDPD
ArrayArray
••
100M•••
CATV
VoIP
VoD
•••
STxSTx
••
STxSTx••
SRxSRx
••
SRxSRx
••
•••
PDPD
LDLD
ONTONT
STRx
STRx
•••
IDFIDF
•••
10
STxSTx: SCM : SCM TxTx
SRxSRx: SCM Rx32 x 1.25Gbps WDM10 SCM channels per wavelength100 Mbps / SCM channel20 Km transmission distance1000 users on 4 fibers
: SCM Rx
41Proprietary
SCM SCM TRxTRx
1450
SAW
Detector
Detector
SAW
IF BPF
IF BPF
305MHz
PLL TunablePLL
305MHz 1000~ MHz
SCMModem
LD
PD
1000 1450MHz~
SMF 20km
SMF 20km
30MHz BW / SCM 채널50MHz BW include guard band / SCM 채널10 SCM 채널 전송 소요 대역폭 500MHz (50MHz × 10 채널)Tunable SCM carrier generation 600 ~ 1200 MHz송수신 SCM 신호 모니터링 기능
42Proprietary
OBI (Optical Beat Interference)OBI (Optical Beat Interference)
Photo detector
Receiver N
Signal 1 Signal 2Optical power
spectrum
Frequency
vδ
FWHMv∆ FWHMv∆
1 2v v vδ = −2OBI FWHMv v∆ = ⋅∆
OBIv∆
Electrical power
spectrum
……
Frequency
OBISCM signal vδ
DC
Mod.
LD1 f1
1 : NSplitter
ONT
1
2
N
OLT
PD
OBIMod.
f2LD2
Σ
difference freq. source optical :δν
[ ]44 344 21321321noise OBI
21
2signal SCM
22
1signal SCM
21
221
)()(Re2)()(
)()()(~)(
tEtEtEtE
tEtEtPti input
∗
−−
++=
+=
43Proprietary
OBI Reduction by Spectral BroadeningOBI Reduction by Spectral Broadening
δλOptical power
spectrum
1λ Frequency2λ
1f Mf
Electrical power spectrum
…
Frequency
δλ
OBISCM signal
……
Photo detector
Linewidth of 100GHz
BPSK QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
BPSK QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
Linewidth of 2600GHz
(a) (b)Maximum number of subscribers versus a range of linewidths (a) from 0 to 300GHz (b) from 0 to 3000GHz@ modulation index / subscribers = 100%
44Proprietary
OBI Reduction by Wavelength SeparationOBI Reduction by Wavelength Separation
δλOptical power
spectrum
1λFrequency
2λ
1f Mf
Electrical power
spectrum
…Frequency
OBISCM signal
δλ
Photo detector
BPSK QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
Limited by passband of 100GHzBPSK QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
Limited by passband of 2600GHz
(a) (b)Maximum number of subscribers versus wavelength differences of any two lasers in the network (a) from 0 to 20GHz (b) from 0 to 500GHz @ modulation index = 20%
45Proprietary
Spectral Broadening Wavelength SeparationDWDM
(100GHz passband)
4.7
CWDM(20nm passband)
DWDM(100GHz passband)
CWDM(20nm passband)
21.4
2.9 12.1
< 2 7.2
15.7 22.3
9.6 12.2
5.8 6.8
BPSK/QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
Mod.Formats
Comparison of OBI Reduction SchemesComparison of OBI Reduction Schemes
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WDM/SCM Demo SetupWDM/SCM Demo Setup
SCM OLT
SCM 채널모니터링
SCM 스펙트럼모니터링
광 스펙트럼모니터링
CMB Cable TVOLTONTs
100 Mbps
SCM 가입자
WDM-PON x 10 채널SCM 채널 당 100Mbps 속도
20 Km
WDM MUX/DMX
SPLITTER
X 10
1.25Gbps
100Mbps
47Proprietary
SUMMARY SUMMARY
T-PON (Tunable WDM-PON)– Planar Lightwave Circuit – External Cavity Laser– 16nm Wide Range Tunable (to be improved to 26nm @ 2005)– 파장가변 DWDM 광모듈을 초저가화– 20% yield (to be improved to 30% yield @ 2005)
R-PON (Reflective WDM-PON)– Reflective Semiconductor Optical AMP– Simplest Transmission Algorithm using Modulated Optical Signal
UCL (Utility Cooled Laser)– Low-cost DWDM Optical Source Module– Good for FTTP due to Inventory Problem
WDM/SCM-PON – A Practical OBI Solution Employed– 10 SCM Channels per Wavelength (100Mbps/user) – A Good Candidate for 100Mbps-per-user Market
48Proprietary
ConclusionConclusion
시장성숙초기시장
DOCSIS: data over cable service interface specifications
Still Enough Time toStill Enough Time toDevelop better technologiesDevelop better technologiesPut as many technologies into competition as possiblePut as many technologies into competition as possible