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PISA- I am delighted to share our analysis of the latest PISA findings with you, and I am particularly pleased to do this in Japan, a country which has maintained its high levels of student performance, and which has seen important improvements in student engagement since 2000, an area that traditionally was one of Japans weaknesses.

I want to start with a brief overview of the objectives and origins of PISA, then analyse where Japan stands on measures ranging from student performance up to student attitudes to learning and engagement with school, and then conclude with what we have learned about effective policies and practices that may help Japan to further raise its already impressive educational performance. 7 PISA PISA 15- . 15- , , , ?. , . , 2012 . , .

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Proficiency levelsBelow Level 1b(less than 262.04 score points)Level 1b(from 262.04 to less than 334.75 score points)Level 1a(from 334.75 to less than 407.47 score points)Level 2(from 407.47 to less than 480.18 score points)Level 3(from 480.18 to less than 552.89 score points)Level 4(from 552.89 to less than 625.61 score points)Level 5(from 625.61 to 698.32 score points)Level 6(above 698.32 score points)%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.S.E.S.E.1.6(0.3)6.8(0.6)19.0(0.8)31.6(1.0)26.8(0.9)11.1(0.7)2.8(0.4)0.3(0.1) OECD1.1(0.0)4.5(0.1)13.0(0.1)24.0(0.2)28.8(0.2)20.9(0.2)6.9(0.1)0.8(0.0) 2.6(0.4)6.8(0.7)16.9(1.0)27.7(0.9)25.8(0.8)14.0(0.8)5.0(0.5)1.1(0.3)access and retrieveOECD1.9(0.1)4.9(0.1)12.5(0.1)22.4(0.2)27.5(0.2)20.9(0.2)8.2(0.1)1.5(0.1)access and retrieve01.2(0.3)6.0(0.6)17.9(0.9)31.0(1.0)27.0(1.1)13.0(1.0)3.6(0.5)0.4(0.1)integrate and interpretOECD1.1(0.0)4.5(0.1)13.6(0.2)24.1(0.2)28.0(0.2)20.2(0.2)7.4(0.1)1.1(0.0)integrate and interpret3.6(0.6)10.1(0.7)22.1(1.0)29.7(1.1)22.5(0.9)9.5(0.7)2.2(0.4)0.3(0.1)reflect and evaluateOECD1.4(0.1)4.7(0.1)12.6(0.2)22.9(0.2)28.4(0.2)21.1(0.2)7.8(0.1)1.3(0.1)reflect and evaluate1.4(0.3)6.5(0.8)18.9(1.1)31.7(1.0)27.1(0.9)11.4(0.7)2.8(0.4)0.3(0.1)continuous textsOECD1.2(0.0)4.6(0.1)13.1(0.1)23.7(0.2)28.3(0.2)20.7(0.2)7.3(0.1)1.0(0.0)continuous texts2.9(0.5)8.4(0.7)20.7(1.0)28.8(0.8)24.3(1.0)11.3(0.7)3.1(0.4)0.6(0.2)non-continuous textsOECD2.2(0.1)6.5(0.1)15.8(0.2)25.4(0.2)26.9(0.2)17.3(0.2)5.2(0.1)0.7(0.0)non-continuous texts2009 2 2-3 4-6 3 3 27.458.314.3100.0 58.941.1OECD18.652.828.6100.0 42.657.4OECD26.353.520.2100.0access and retrieve54.046.0OECD19.450.030.7100.0access and retrieve41.858.2OECD25.058.017.0100.0integrate and interpret56.044.0OECD19.252.128.7100.0integrate and interpret43.356.7OECD35.852.212.0100.0reflect and evaluate65.534.5OECD18.651.330.1100.0reflect and evaluate41.558.5OECD26.758.914.4100.0continuous texts58.541.5OECD18.952.029.1100.0continuous texts42.657.4OECD32.053.115.0100.0non-continuous texts60.839.2OECD24.452.423.2100.0non-continuous texts49.950.2OECD 4 - ( ) 2 2-3 4-6 PISA 2000275616PISA 2009275814 111234561.66.819.031.626.811.12.80.3100.0OECD1.14.513.024.028.820.96.90.8100.0-0.5-2.3-5.9-7.62.19.74.10.5 111234562.66.816.927.725.814.05.01.1OECD1.94.912.522.427.520.98.21.5-0.7-1.9-4.4-5.21.76.93.20.4 2 2-3 4-6 26.353.520.2100.0access and retrieveOECD19.450.030.7100.0access and retrieve 111234561.26.017.931.027.013.03.60.4OECD1.14.513.624.128.020.27.41.1-0.1-1.4-4.3-6.91.07.23.80.7 111234563.610.122.129.722.59.52.20.3OECD1.44.712.622.928.421.17.81.3-2.2-5.4-9.5-6.95.911.65.51.0 111234561.46.518.931.727.111.42.80.3continuous textsOECD1.24.613.123.728.320.77.31.0continuous texts 111234562.98.420.728.824.311.33.10.6non-continuous textsOECD2.26.515.825.426.917.35.20.7non-continuous texts 2 2-3 4-6 26.353.520.2100.0access and retrieve 2 2-3 4-6 OECD19.450.030.7100.0access and retrieve7.03.5-10.525.058.017.0100.0integrate and interpretOECD19.252.128.7100.0integrate and interpret5.95.9-11.835.852.212.0100.0reflect and evaluateOECD18.651.330.1100.0reflect and evaluate17.10.9-18.126.758.914.4100.0continuous textsOECD18.952.029.1100.0continuous texts7.86.9-14.632.053.115.0100.0non-continuous textsOECD24.452.423.2100.0non-continuous texts7.60.7-8.3 111234562.66.816.927.725.814.05.01.1OECD1.94.912.522.427.520.98.21.5-0.7-1.9-4.4-5.21.76.93.20.4 111234561.26.017.931.027.013.03.60.4OECD1.14.513.624.128.020.27.41.1-0.1-1.4-4.3-6.91.07.23.80.7 111234563.610.122.129.722.59.52.20.3OECD1.44.712.622.928.421.17.81.3-2.2-5.4-9.5-6.95.911.65.51.0OECD 11123456 11123456 2.66.816.927.725.814.05.01.11.94.912.522.427.520.98.21.5 1.26.017.931.027.013.03.60.41.14.513.624.128.020.27.41.1 3.610.122.129.722.59.52.20.31.44.712.622.928.421.17.81.3 11123456 0.71.94.45.2-1.7-6.9-3.2-0.4 0.71.94.45.2-1.7-6.9-3.2-0.4 2.25.49.56.9-5.9-11.6-5.5-1.0 - , - ,

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2 2-3 4-6 ( %),

Table V.2.1PISA 2000PISA 2009 PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2009 2000 2009 (PISA 2009-PISA 2000) 2000 2009 (PISA 2009-PISA 2000) 1Shanghai-China556(2.4)A788-Peru4311Peru327370435252Korea525(2.4)534(3.1)556(3.8)539(3.5)14(4.9)A616Chile4022Chile410449404843Finland546(2.6)543(1.6)547(2.1)536(2.3)-11(4.3)A410Albania3633Albania349385364834Hong Kong-China525(2.9)510(3.7)536(2.4)533(2.1)8(4.4)A642- - Indonesia3144Indonesia371402314805Singapore526(1.1)A344Latvia2655Latvia458484264796Canada534(1.6)528(1.7)527(2.4)524(1.5)-10(3.4)A484Israel2266Israel452474224707New Zealand529(2.8)522(2.5)521(3.0)521(2.4)-8(4.5)A780 Poland2177Poland479500214588Japan522(5.2)498(3.9)498(3.6)520(3.5)-2(6.8)A031Portugal1988Portugal470489194529Australia528(3.5)525(2.1)513(2.1)515(2.3)-14(5.0)A858Liechtenstein1799Liechtenstein4834991741010Netherlands513(2.9)507(2.9)508(5.1)A170Brazil161010Brazil3964121639611Belgium507(3.6)507(2.6)501(3.0)506(2.3)-1(5.0)A246Korea141111Korea5255391437112Norway505(2.8)500(2.8)484(3.2)503(2.6)-2(4.6)A100Hungary141212Hungary4804941434913Estonia501(2.9)501(2.6)A688Germany131313Germany4844971332714Switzerland494(4.2)499(3.3)499(3.1)501(2.4)6(5.5)A208Greece9114Greece474483952915Iceland507(1.5)492(1.6)484(1.9)500(1.4)-6(3.3)A008Hong Kong-China8215Hong Kong-China525533852516Poland479(4.5)497(2.9)508(2.8)500(2.6)21(5.8)A499Switzerland6316Switzerland494501652217United States504(7.0)495(3.2)500(3.7)-5(8.3)A752Mexico3417Mexico422425350718Liechtenstein483(4.1)525(3.6)510(3.9)499(2.8)17(5.6)A156Belgium-1518Belgium507506-150719Sweden516(2.2)514(2.4)507(3.4)497(2.9)-19(4.5)A348Bulgaria-1619Bulgaria430429-150520Germany484(2.5)491(3.4)495(4.4)497(2.7)13(4.5)A203Italy-1720Italy487486-150521Ireland527(3.2)515(2.6)517(3.5)496(3.0)-31(5.1)A705Denmark-2821Denmark497495-250422France505(2.7)496(2.7)488(4.1)496(3.4)-9(5.1)A764Norway-2922Norway505503-249723Chinese Taipei496(3.4)495(2.6)A446Japan-21023Japan522520-249424Denmark497(2.4)492(2.8)494(3.2)495(2.1)-2(4.1)A300Russian Federation-21124Russian Federation462459-248725United Kingdom507(2.5)495(2.3)494(2.3)A250Romania-31225Romania428424-347426Hungary480(4.0)482(2.5)482(3.3)494(3.2)14(5.7)A604United States-51326United States504500-546227Portugal470(4.5)478(3.7)472(3.6)489(3.1)19(6.0)A528Iceland-61427Iceland507500-643128Macao-China498(2.2)492(1.1)487(0.9)A158New Zealand-81528New Zealand529521-843029Italy487(2.9)476(3.0)469(2.4)486(1.6)-1(4.2)A076France-91629France505496-942830Latvia458(5.3)491(3.7)479(3.7)484(3.0)26(6.6)A360Thailand-91730Thailand431421-942231Slovenia494(1.0)483(1.0)A826Canada-10131Canada534524-1054632Greece474(5.0)472(4.1)460(4.0)483(4.3)9(7.1)A591Finland-11232Finland546536-1153433Spain493(2.7)481(2.6)461(2.2)481(2.0)-11(4.3)A554Spain-11333Spain493481-1152834Czech Republic492(2.4)489(3.5)483(4.2)478(2.9)-13(4.5)A620Czech Republic-13434Czech Republic492478-1352735Slovak Republic469(3.1)466(3.1)477(2.5)A634Australia-14535Australia528515-1451636Croatia477(2.8)476(2.9)A376Sweden-19636Sweden516497-1949337Israel452(8.5)439(4.6)474(3.6)22(9.6)A380Argentina-20737Argentina418398-2049238Luxembourg479(1.5)479(1.3)472(1.3)A417Austria-22838Austria492470-2249239Austria492(2.7)491(3.8)490(4.1)470(2.9)-22(4.7)A428Ireland-31939Ireland527496-3141840Lithuania470(3.0)468(2.4)A124Shanghai-China41Turkey441(5.8)447(4.2)464(3.5)A438SingaporeOECD total-2449442Dubai (UAE)459(1.1)A233 ()NetherlandsOECD total-2749543Russian Federation462(4.2)442(3.9)440(4.3)459(3.3)-2(5.9)A056EstoniaOECD average-2450144Chile410(3.6)442(5.0)449(3.1)40(5.4)A724Chinese TaipeiOECD average-2749645Serbia412(3.6)401(3.5)442(2.4)A792United Kingdom46Bulgaria430(4.9)402(6.9)429(6.7)-1(8.7)A191Macao-China47Uruguay434(3.4)413(3.4)426(2.6)A442Slovenia48Mexico422(3.3)400(4.1)410(3.1)425(2.0)3(4.6)A578Slovak Republic49Romania428(3.5)396(4.7)424(4.1)-3(6.0)A276Croatia50Thailand431(3.2)420(2.8)417(2.6)421(2.6)-9(4.9)A036Luxembourg51Trinidad and Tobago416(1.2)A840 Lithuania52Colombia385(5.1)413(3.7)A152Turkey53Brazil396(3.1)403(4.6)393(3.7)412(2.7)16(4.9)A372Dubai (UAE)54Montenegro392(1.2)408(1.7)A400Serbia55Jordan401(3.3)405(3.3)A702Uruguay56Tunisia375(2.8)380(4.0)404(2.9)A643Trinidad and Tobago57Indonesia371(4.0)382(3.4)393(5.9)402(3.7)31(6.0)A784Colombia58Argentina418(9.9)374(7.2)398(4.6)-20(11.2)A032Montenegro59Kazakhstan390(3.1)A392Jordan60Albania349(3.3)385(4.0)36(5.8)A352Tunisia61Qatar312(1.2)372(0.8)A703Kazakhstan62Panama371(6.5)A398Qatar63Peru327(4.4)370(4.0)43(6.5)A040Panama64Azerbaijan353(3.1)362(3.3)A756Azerbaijan65Kyrgyzstan285(3.5)314(3.2)A440KyrgyzstanOECD total-24494(1.3)483(1.2)486(1.2)492(0.9)0(0.0)0OECD total-27495(2.0)0(0.0)483(1.0)493(1.4)0(0.0)0OECD average-24501(0.7)497(0.6)494(0.7)498(0.6)-3(1.0)-3OECD average-27496(0.7)0(0.0)490(0.7)495(0.5)-0(1.0)-0

Table V.2.4Gender differences in student performance on the reading scale in PISA 2000 and PISA 2009PISA 2000PISA 2009Change between 2000 and 2009 (PISA 2009 - PISA 2000)MalesFemalesGender gap(M-F)MalesFemalesGender gap (M-F)MalesFemalesGender gap (M-F)Mean scoreS.E.Mean scoreS.E.Score dif.S.E.Mean scoreS.E.Mean scoreS.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.A008488(2.1)528(2.1)-40(3.1)478(2.2)523(1.8)-45(3.0)-11(4.0)-5(3.8)-5(4.3)-0.1(0.0)A031507(6.7)537(5.4)-30(6.4)501(5.6)540(3.8)-39(6.7)-6(9.1)3(7.1)-9(9.3)-1.2(0.0)A032393(7.7)437(12.3)-44(10.7)379(5.1)415(4.9)-37(3.8)-15(9.6)-22(13.4)8(11.3)0.5(0.0)A036406(3.9)448(3.1)-41(3.8)400(3.3)438(3.1)-38(3.8)-6(5.7)-10(5.0)4(5.3)-0.0(0.0)A040324(6.3)330(5.3)-7(7.5)359(4.2)381(4.9)-22(4.7)35(8.0)50(7.7)-16(8.9)-1.7(0.0)A056443(4.5)481(4.1)-38(2.9)437(3.6)482(3.4)-45(2.7)-6(6.4)1(5.9)-6(4.0)-1.0(0.0)A076469(5.1)507(3.6)-38(7.0)464(2.3)510(1.9)-46(2.8)-5(6.2)2(4.8)-8(7.6)-0.8(0.0)A100486(3.8)529(2.9)-43(4.0)480(3.0)527(2.9)-47(2.9)-5(5.5)-1(4.8)-4(5.0)-0.3(0.0)A124439(2.8)498(2.6)-59(2.8)A152408(4.5)418(4.0)-9(3.8)A156468(7.3)500(6.8)-31(11.5)484(4.5)516(4.5)-32(7.1)16(9.0)17(8.6)-1(13.5)-1.0(0.0)A158470(1.3)504(1.2)-34(1.7)A170496(5.1)521(5.3)-24(2.4)A191407(4.9)455(6.3)-47(5.6)400(7.3)461(5.8)-61(4.7)-8(9.2)6(8.9)-14(7.3)-1.6(0.0)A203468(3.2)502(3.9)-35(5.2)478(3.6)518(2.9)-40(3.9)10(5.5)15(5.5)-5(6.5)-0.5(0.0)A208480(4.9)510(4.5)-30(4.2)481(2.9)520(2.7)-39(2.5)1(6.2)10(5.8)-9(4.9)-0.7(0.0)A233435(1.7)485(1.5)-51(2.3)A246492(4.2)525(4.9)-33(6.0)492(3.3)520(2.9)-27(4.3)0(6.0)-5(6.3)6(7.4)0.5(0.0)A250481(3.5)507(2.9)-25(4.5)A276421(4.3)434(4.2)-14(4.9)403(4.6)445(4.3)-43(4.4)-18(6.8)11(6.5)-29(6.5)-3.5(0.0)A300485(3.0)510(2.9)-25(3.3)480(2.5)509(2.5)-29(2.9)-5(4.7)-1(4.6)-4(4.4)-0.5(0.0)A344511(1.7)542(1.5)-31(2.3)A348499(2.6)536(2.5)-37(2.7)475(3.2)521(3.1)-46(2.7)-24(4.8)-15(4.8)-9(3.8)-1.0(0.0)A352319(4.2)378(2.7)-58(3.8)355(5.1)417(3.9)-62(4.4)35(7.1)39(5.4)-4(5.8)-0.4(0.0)A360432(5.5)485(5.4)-53(4.2)460(3.4)507(3.1)-47(3.2)28(7.0)23(6.7)5(5.3)0.2(0.0)A372388(3.9)404(3.4)-17(4.0)397(2.9)425(2.8)-29(1.7)9(5.5)21(5.1)-12(4.3)-1.1(0.0)A376452(3.4)503(3.7)-51(4.6)A380444(10.9)459(8.1)-16(9.1)452(5.2)495(3.4)-42(5.2)9(12.4)35(9.2)-27(10.5)-3.2(0.0)A392369(3.2)412(3.4)-43(2.7)A398354(7.0)387(7.3)-33(6.7)A400382(2.1)434(2.1)-53(2.6)A410520(3.0)571(2.8)-51(2.6)508(2.6)563(2.4)-55(2.3)-12(4.7)-8(4.5)-4(3.5)-0.6(0.0)A417453(1.9)492(1.5)-39(2.3)A428476(3.6)509(4.0)-33(5.7)450(3.7)490(4.0)-40(5.5)-26(5.8)-19(6.2)-7(7.9)-0.6(0.0)A438443(3.7)486(4.1)-43(3.7)A440287(3.8)340(3.2)-53(2.7)A442404(3.2)445(2.8)-42(3.1)A446477(3.7)514(3.6)-37(5.3)A484519(1.8)551(1.7)-32(1.6)507(1.8)542(1.7)-34(1.9)-12(3.6)-10(3.5)-2(2.5)-0.2(0.0)A499461(6.0)497(5.5)-36(7.0)476(2.8)525(2.9)-50(2.5)14(7.1)28(6.7)-14(7.4)-1.4(0.0)A528458(5.0)482(4.6)-25(3.8)470(3.5)508(2.9)-38(2.4)12(6.6)26(6.1)-13(4.5)-1.2(0.0)A554481(3.4)505(2.8)-24(3.2)467(2.2)496(2.2)-29(2.0)-14(4.8)-9(4.4)-5(3.8)-0.4(0.0)A578411(4.2)432(3.8)-20(4.3)413(2.1)438(2.1)-25(1.6)1(5.4)6(5.1)-5(4.6)-0.9(0.0)A591456(6.1)493(4.6)-37(5.0)459(5.5)506(3.5)-47(4.3)3(8.6)13(6.4)-10(6.6)-1.6(0.0)A604465(5.3)496(4.3)-32(5.7)475(3.9)513(3.6)-38(4.0)11(7.1)17(6.2)-6(7.0)-0.9(0.0)A616519(3.8)533(3.7)-14(6.0)523(4.8)557(3.9)-35(5.9)4(6.6)25(5.9)-20(8.4)-2.6(0.0)A620473(4.1)510(2.5)-37(4.7)456(3.7)504(3.0)-48(4.1)-17(6.1)-6(4.7)-11(6.2)-1.6(0.0)A634452(3.5)503(2.8)-51(3.5)A642518(4.8)533(3.6)-16(6.1)518(3.3)550(2.8)-33(4.4)0(6.4)17(5.2)-17(7.5)-1.7(0.0)A643387(3.2)418(3.0)-31(2.2)A688480(2.9)524(2.8)-44(2.5)A702377(4.7)434(4.1)-57(6.2)A703347(1.3)397(1.0)-50(1.8)A705513(4.2)542(3.6)-29(4.6)476(4.2)515(3.1)-39(4.7)-37(6.5)-26(5.4)-11(6.6)-1.2(0.0)A724396(4.3)421(4.6)-25(5.6)439(3.9)461(3.6)-22(4.1)42(6.3)40(6.4)3(6.9)0.4(0.0)A752490(8.4)518(6.2)-29(4.1)488(4.2)513(3.8)-25(3.4)-2(9.8)-6(7.7)4(5.3)1.5(0.0)A756350(3.7)374(3.3)-24(2.4)A764490(3.5)519(2.7)-29(3.4)475(4.3)515(3.4)-40(3.6)-15(6.1)-4(5.1)-11(4.9)-1.0(0.0)A780507(4.2)553(3.8)-46(6.3)499(3.6)544(2.6)-46(4.3)-8(6.1)-8(5.3)0(7.6)-0.3(0.0)A784507(3.7)380(4.6)-20(3.4)383(3.8)420(3.9)-37(3.3)23(5.9)39(6.6)-16(4.7)-1.4(0.0)A788536(3.0)576(2.3)-40(2.9)A792422(3.3)462(2.4)-40(3.1)A826456(1.6)511(1.4)-55(2.3)A840387(1.9)445(1.6)-58(2.5)A858513(4.0)546(4.7)-34(5.4)496(2.9)533(2.7)-37(3.1)-17(5.6)-14(6.0)-3(6.3)-0.2(0.0)ATOT-240(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)ATOT-270(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)AAVG-240(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)AAVG-270(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)0(0.0)A056-MalesFemalesGender gap(M-F)Mean scoreMean scoreScore dif.PISA 2000443481-38PISA 2009437482-45 9 6-16

Table I.2.2Percentage of students at each level of proficiency on the reading scale, by genderBoys - Proficiency levelsGirls - Proficiency levelsBelow Level 1b(less than 262.04 score points)Level 1b(from 262.04 to less than 334.75 score points)Level 1a(from 334.75 to less than 407.47 score points)Level 2(from 407.47 to less than 480.18 score points)Level 3(from 480.18 to less than 552.89 score points)Level 4(from 552.89 to less than 625.61 score points)Level 5(from 625.61 to 698.32 score points)Level 6(above 698.32 score points)Below Level 1b(less than 262.04 score points)Level 1b(from 262.04 to less than 334.75 score points)Level 1a(from 334.75 to less than 407.47 score points)Level 2(from 407.47 to less than 480.18 score points)Level 3(from 480.18 to less than 552.89 score points)Level 4(from 552.89 to less than 625.61 score points)Level 5(from 625.61 to 698.32 score points)Level 6(above 698.32 score points)%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.%S.E.A0081.8(0.3)6.6(0.6)15.5(0.9)24.4(1.1)28.2(1.1)18.0(1.1)5.1(0.7)0.6(0.3)0.4(0.2)1.9(0.5)7.6(0.9)19.9(1.0)33.1(1.6)25.7(1.4)9.9(1.0)1.4(0.4)A0312.0(0.7)5.0(0.8)11.9(1.0)20.3(1.2)26.7(1.5)24.1(1.4)8.9(0.9)1.2(0.4)0.6(0.3)1.6(0.4)5.7(0.7)15.5(1.2)29.4(1.3)30.2(1.3)14.2(1.2)2.7(0.6)A03214.8(1.5)18.1(1.9)25.9(1.6)23.0(1.3)12.9(1.2)4.5(0.8)0.7(0.2)0.0c7.2(1.0)13.8(1.1)24.3(1.6)27.4(1.5)18.7(1.5)7.4(1.1)1.1(0.4)0.1(0.1)A0362.3(0.5)16.1(1.3)37.1(1.6)30.9(1.5)11.6(1.2)2.0(0.5)0.1(0.1)cc0.4(0.2)5.2(0.7)27.6(1.5)41.4(1.6)20.7(1.3)4.3(0.8)0.4(0.2)0.0cA04016.2(1.1)24.4(1.3)29.1(1.4)19.9(1.2)7.8(0.8)2.1(0.5)0.5(0.3)0.1(0.1)12.0(1.0)19.6(1.2)28.2(1.4)24.3(1.3)12.4(1.3)3.1(0.7)0.4(0.2)0.0cA0562.6(0.6)10.0(1.0)23.8(1.1)32.7(1.8)22.0(1.2)7.3(0.9)1.5(0.4)0.2(0.1)0.6(0.2)3.8(0.6)14.2(1.0)30.4(1.4)31.5(1.2)14.9(1.0)4.1(0.7)0.5(0.2)A0762.3(0.4)7.7(0.5)18.9(0.7)25.9(0.8)25.4(0.7)15.9(0.6)3.6(0.3)0.2(0.1)0.5(0.1)2.6(0.3)9.6(0.5)22.1(0.8)32.5(0.7)24.8(0.7)7.2(0.5)0.6(0.1)A1001.0(0.3)5.5(0.6)14.9(0.9)27.4(1.2)28.8(1.1)17.4(1.1)4.5(0.8)0.5(0.2)0.1c1.3(0.3)7.0(0.8)19.6(1.0)33.1(1.4)27.0(1.6)10.8(1.2)1.2(0.3)A1241.6(0.4)9.0(0.9)24.8(1.3)32.7(1.7)22.8(1.3)8.1(0.7)0.9(0.3)0.0c0.2(0.2)2.0(0.4)10.8(0.9)27.2(1.2)34.5(1.3)20.3(1.3)4.7(0.7)0.3(0.1)A1524.6(1.0)14.8(1.5)30.1(2.0)30.0(1.5)15.9(1.3)4.1(0.6)0.5(0.2)0.0c3.9(0.6)13.0(1.1)28.1(1.3)31.2(1.3)18.2(1.2)5.1(0.7)0.6(0.2)0.0cA156cc4.5(1.9)16.8(3.0)26.2(4.5)29.3(3.2)20.2(2.7)2.9(1.4)0.2ccc1.0(1.0)8.4(2.4)21.6(3.2)33.0(4.3)29.6(4.0)5.8(2.3)0.6cA1580.4(0.1)3.9(0.5)16.2(0.8)33.8(0.9)31.7(0.8)12.3(0.7)1.6(0.3)0.1(0.1)0.1(0.1)1.3(0.2)7.6(0.6)27.2(0.8)38.0(1.0)21.6(0.7)4.0(0.4)0.1cA1700.1(0.1)2.7(0.5)15.1(1.7)26.5(1.6)26.9(1.5)20.9(1.7)7.3(1.0)0.5(0.2)cc0.9(0.3)9.8(1.3)23.0(1.8)28.3(1.4)26.2(1.9)10.8(1.2)1.0(0.3)A19112.4(1.6)16.9(1.6)22.7(1.7)21.8(1.5)17.2(1.6)7.6(1.0)1.4(0.5)0.1(0.1)3.3(0.7)8.5(1.3)17.3(1.5)25.2(1.4)26.8(1.6)14.6(1.5)3.9(0.7)0.3(0.2)A2031.3(0.4)6.3(0.7)16.4(1.1)24.3(1.3)28.5(1.4)18.8(1.3)4.1(0.5)0.3(0.2)0.3(0.2)2.4(0.4)9.9(0.9)20.1(1.0)29.2(1.3)27.0(1.1)10.0(0.9)1.0(0.3)A2081.0(0.2)5.7(0.6)15.3(0.9)25.7(1.0)28.7(1.0)18.4(1.0)4.6(0.6)0.5(0.2)0.3(0.1)2.4(0.4)8.7(0.8)19.5(1.0)30.8(1.2)27.0(1.2)10.2(1.0)1.0(0.3)A2336.5(0.4)13.6(0.8)20.8(0.8)23.5(1.0)20.0(1.3)11.6(1.1)3.7(0.6)0.3(0.2)0.9(0.2)4.9(0.4)14.9(0.7)27.5(1.2)27.1(1.3)18.0(0.8)6.0(0.7)0.7(0.2)A2461.7(0.3)6.2(0.7)13.7(0.8)22.0(0.9)24.7(1.0)22.4(1.0)8.6(0.7)0.8(0.3)0.6(0.2)3.2(0.6)10.0(0.9)18.5(0.9)27.1(1.1)27.6(1.1)11.6(0.8)1.4(0.3)A2501.5(0.3)5.6(0.6)16.0(1.0)25.8(1.1)27.0(1.1)17.2(1.1)6.1(0.6)0.9(0.3)0.5(0.2)2.7(0.4)10.8(0.8)24.0(1.0)30.6(1.0)22.4(1.1)8.0(0.7)1.1(0.3)A2766.1(1.1)17.6(1.6)27.0(1.4)28.6(1.9)16.3(1.4)4.1(0.6)0.3(0.2)cc2.1(0.5)8.0(0.9)20.3(1.6)34.5(1.8)25.9(1.7)8.0(1.0)1.1(0.3)0.0cA3000.6(0.2)4.3(0.5)14.1(1.1)29.2(1.3)31.6(1.5)17.0(1.4)3.0(0.6)0.2(0.1)0.2(0.1)2.0(0.3)9.3(0.8)22.9(1.2)34.6(1.7)24.8(1.3)5.7(0.6)0.4(0.2)A3440.7(0.2)4.2(0.4)11.3(0.7)20.3(0.9)27.6(1.0)23.8(0.9)10.6(0.7)1.6(0.4)0.1(0.1)1.3(0.3)7.3(0.6)16.7(0.9)27.6(1.2)27.7(1.0)15.6(0.8)3.7(0.6)A3482.3(0.4)6.5(0.6)15.4(1.1)25.8(1.4)27.8(1.2)16.3(1.0)5.3(0.6)0.7(0.2)0.7(0.3)2.0(0.5)7.8(0.7)21.1(1.1)31.8(1.3)24.5(1.3)10.2(0.9)2.0(0.4)A35217.5(1.5)24.4(1.7)27.2(1.6)19.7(1.8)9.7(1.3)1.5(0.5)0.0ccc4.9(0.7)12.8(1.3)26.0(1.7)31.9(1.9)19.4(1.6)4.8(0.9)0.3(0.2)0.0cA3600.7(0.3)5.6(0.9)20.3(1.6)31.8(1.8)29.0(1.9)11.1(1.2)1.5(0.4)0.0c0.0c1.1(0.4)7.6(1.0)25.9(1.7)37.9(1.5)23.1(1.3)4.2(0.6)0.1cA3727.1(0.6)19.5(1.1)29.9(1.0)24.2(1.2)13.2(0.9)5.1(0.5)0.9(0.2)0.1(0.1)3.1(0.4)12.9(0.9)27.4(1.2)29.7(1.0)18.3(1.1)6.9(0.7)1.4(0.2)0.1(0.1)A3761.7(0.4)7.9(0.7)21.7(1.4)29.9(1.5)26.0(1.6)11.5(1.1)1.4(0.3)0.0c0.2(0.1)1.8(0.4)10.6(1.1)24.6(1.2)35.7(1.5)22.0(1.5)4.9(0.7)0.2(0.1)A3806.2(1.1)10.8(1.0)17.0(1.0)22.9(1.1)21.6(1.0)15.1(1.0)5.5(0.8)0.8(0.2)1.5(0.4)5.2(0.6)12.5(0.7)22.1(1.4)29.2(1.5)20.9(1.1)7.3(0.7)1.2(0.3)A39211.4(0.9)25.8(1.3)30.3(1.1)20.2(1.1)9.7(0.9)2.4(0.4)0.2(0.1)cc3.6(0.6)14.9(1.2)31.2(1.4)28.1(1.3)16.6(1.2)5.1(0.7)0.5(0.2)0.0cA39816.2(2.4)26.0(2.3)29.4(2.6)19.3(2.1)7.0(1.2)1.8(0.6)0.3(0.2)cc10.4(1.7)20.2(2.1)28.4(1.9)22.1(1.4)13.2(1.9)4.8(1.0)0.8(0.4)0.1cA4009.4(0.7)20.8(0.8)31.3(1.2)23.9(1.2)11.6(1.1)2.8(0.5)0.3(0.3)cc2.2(0.5)10.6(1.2)24.2(1.3)32.4(1.2)22.4(1.1)7.2(0.7)0.9(0.3)0.0cA4100.3(0.1)2.5(0.4)10.1(0.7)22.7(1.0)32.3(1.3)23.9(1.2)7.5(0.8)0.6(0.2)0.1(0.1)0.5(0.2)2.6(0.4)10.7(0.8)27.8(1.1)37.3(1.1)18.3(1.0)2.7(0.4)A4174.7(0.5)9.8(0.7)18.4(1.1)23.9(1.2)25.2(0.9)14.4(0.8)3.5(0.4)0.2(0.1)1.5(0.3)4.7(0.7)12.9(1.1)24.1(1.1)28.9(1.1)20.3(1.0)7.0(0.6)0.7(0.3)A4283.0(0.6)10.4(1.1)21.5(1.1)25.0(1.4)23.5(1.2)13.7(0.9)2.8(0.5)0.1(0.1)0.9(0.3)5.8(0.9)13.3(1.2)23.6(1.5)28.6(1.5)21.3(1.5)6.0(0.9)0.5(0.2)A4381.2(0.3)8.6(0.9)23.6(1.4)32.8(1.6)24.5(1.5)8.4(1.1)0.8(0.3)cc0.3(0.1)2.4(0.5)12.3(1.2)31.5(1.9)33.9(1.5)16.6(1.5)2.9(0.6)0.1(0.1)A44041.1(1.7)29.2(1.2)18.2(1.1)8.2(0.8)2.7(0.5)0.6(0.3)0.0ccc19.1(1.4)30.1(1.5)29.0(1.4)14.7(1.3)5.5(0.8)1.4(0.3)0.2(0.1)ccA4428.8(0.9)16.4(1.0)26.2(1.0)2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11123456 111234562.610.023.832.722.07.31.50.20.63.814.230.431.514.94.10.5OECD1.76.416.525.927.017.14.90.50.52.69.521.930.724.79.01.2-0.9-3.5-7.3-6.85.19.83.40.30.0-0.1-1.2-4.8-8.5-0.89.84.90.7OECD 11123456 111234562.610.023.832.722.07.31.50.21.76.416.525.927.017.14.90.50.63.814.230.431.514.94.10.50.52.69.521.930.724.79.01.2-1.9-6.2-9.5-2.39.67.62.60.30.0-1.2-3.9-7.0-4.03.77.74.10.7 2 2-3 4-6 2 2-3 4-6 36.3(54.7)(9.0)18.6(61.9)19.4OECD24.6(52.9)(22.4)12.5(52.6)34.9 2 2-3 4-6 36.3(54.7)(9.0)18.6(61.9)19.4OECD24.6(52.9)(22.4)12.5(52.6)34.9

0000000000000000000000000000000000

OECD ( %),

000000000000

2 2-3 4-6 ( %),

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1000-

- 4 - 1000-

In readingOn access and retrieve performanceOn integrate and interpret performanceOn reflect and evaluate performance 1 2 1 3 2 3On access and retrieve performanceOn integrate and interpret performanceOn reflect and evaluate performance 1 2 1 3 2 3 , -556549558557-9-71549558557-30-9-71 1 2 1 3 2 35395425415421-0-1542541542001-0-1971536532538536-6-3353253853630-6-33101- - 533530530540-1-10-10530530540- - 30-1-10-106335265265255291-2-4526525529001-2-411010524517522535-5-19-13517522535309%-5-19-13124 5215215175314-10-13521517531 3114-10-1351913520530520521109-1530520521112109-1410135155135135231-9-105135135233131-9-101091508519504510159-6519504510114159-61910506513504505108-2513504505115108-21596503512502505107-3512502505116107-3108250150350050330-250350050301730-21073501505502497485505502497118485302500500503498-325500503498119-325485500507503496410650750349611104106325500492495512-3-20-174924955123111-3-20-1741064995084984981010050849849811121010032017497505494502103-85054945021113103-810100497501501491-09105015014911114-091010384964984945024-4-949849450231154-4-90910496492497495-6-424924974953116-6-42449495496499493-3364964994931117-336642495502492493109-15024924931118109-13364944914915031-11-1249149150331191-11-121091494501496489513750149648911205137111124894884874962-8-1048848749631212-8-1051374874934884815127493488481112251272810486482490482-8-084824904822123-8-085127484476484492-8-16-8476484492312437%-8-16-880848348948947011918489489470121119188168483468484489-16-22-5468484489322-16-22-511918481480481483-1-3-3480481483023-1-3-316225478479488462-917264794884622 24-91726133477491481466102515491481466125102515917264764924724711921249247247112619212102515474463473483-10-20-10463473483327-10-20-1019212472471475471-4-0447147547102812%-4-0410201047047747146361484774714631-3161484044684764694638136476469463132813661484644674594738-5-134674594733- - 338-5-138136 ()4594584574662-7-9458457466 ()3342-7-98513459469467441228264694674411 3522826279449444452452-8-8-0444452452336-8-8-0228264424494454305191544944543013751915880429430436417-71219430436417238-71219519154264244234362-11-134244234363392-11-1371219425433418432141-144334184321310141-1421113424423425426-2-4-24234254260311-2-4-2141144214314164201511-443141642013121511-4242 416413419413-505413419413 2313-50515114413404411422-7-17-114044114223314-7-17-115054124074064240-17-1740740642433150-17-1771711408408420383-1325374084203832 ()316-13253701717405394410407-16-1333944104073317-16-133132537404393393427-0-34-343933934273318-0-34-34161334023993974092-10-1139939740933192-10-1103434398394398402-4-8-53943984023320-4-8-52101139039739737302424397397373132102424485385380393376-134173803933762322-1341702424372354379376-25-2233543793763323-25-22313417371363372377-9-14-53633723773324-9-14-525223370364371368-8-433643713683325-8-439145362361373335-1227383613733352326-122738843314299327300-28-127299327300232742%-28-12712273828127 ( 5 )1 1 1-2711103 3 3-22 2 0 20004514684552009469467441-18114 . ... ... ..[1]5363.75273.55263.55022.35082.45122.75153.95123.24974.35301.75321.65421.6 4812.75002.44852.64982.84942.45002.65562.85552.95332.751535062.74962.94832.44882.54782.94505.44754.54955.64784.44803.84814.35001.65141.45011.35243.35263.35333.14883.14892.64833.15265.551855305.55302.55252.35262.64331.64461.64421.94023.94192.94463.7 5352.85262.75292.95052.95052.8506347554824.34774.74554.94734.34804.548334912.65062.85162.45222.15102.34984.44964.24884.85232.55142.55392.54997.45057.15077.1- , 4980.75010.65020.73653.440034173.34515.74594.94585.94924.94844.54685.7 4514.946844554[1] , .

465450460.6494192633452.3298610937

1000-

20002009 1000-

20002009 1000-

Figure V.4.3Variation in reading performance between and within schools in 2000 and 20092009 higher than 20002000 higher than 2009No statistically significant difference95% confidence level+-o

-7042.01298-6962.54638648.738678587.245896-9473.284-7528.66028867.462874976.221976-7974.6185-5919.719421106.91941216.26482-4197.99652-3038.968521232.177121914.50524-7630.32748-8088.285621257.90134689.646038-7224.77382-5188.099521319.890523091.01136-3637.39614-6734.60831552.18925941.58568-5620.21976-5971.331461669.467321515.38222-2757.37302-2292.632841745.330822182.50856-7689.06796-8006.071941803.02964740.560384-7573.57488-6709.634681812.35371905.0221-5205.29094-5798.289321897.068743222.76152-7160.03838-6991.430942360.969641545.13346-9465.24754-8049.43872484.199581805.58508-8763.33206-7480.898062540.522422102.495-5794.18372-5147.398542555.404243508.42836-5830.2216-5623.927462723.024244295.20742-3084.58662-5281.430822736.47911940.35176-4272.55286-3385.074663086.548323878.97044-5905.19714-6987.503163103.059023862.84476-3600.54258-4345.779023137.203143297.99334-5850.7523503448-5589.27118580643538.47296296773407.0987597931-3500.16-3858.708263579.466643889.42182-7758.31592-6455.396743656.274143347.75618-5636.29792-3826.089084056.633244766.35964-4117.55582-4414.031824231.815144703.74168-4177.1222-4693.491144411.263843620.58006-4986.61644-5525.897324699.208424757.25964-6038.45926-5150.53154806.980564487.5612-3967.85238-3996.993824919.124124065.5155-3970.92914-5307.560684960.541764469.33742-4689.38264-4774.066425486.59226507.1329-4321.7134-4615.886825682.20854904.82446-3253.29212-2920.424785856.757045744.33884-5885.58124-6377.123485916.157385448.1874-4616.79028-3933.452266136.46146543.92876-4689.51686-6296.840946228.731925179.33126-4417.63006-4344.881586265.51115344.11638-3970.92914-4070.910046586.26374469.33742-5554.44128-5518.724528293.699565704.51892

Variation between schoolsVariation within schoolsChange in variance within schoolsVariance within schools 2000Variance within schools 2009Variance between schools 2009Variance between schools 2000Variance

Figure I.3.bTop performers in reading, mathematics and scienceLevel 5ReadingMathematicsScienceLevel 6Source: OECD PISA 2006 database, Table I.3.7.

Change in variance between schools

0.0391522369A440 (381)0.0751761876A784 (371)0.11554153010.00017319370.2478199370.01569693390.26641090810.00046128990.35487499280.02351242980.39443008010.01173248980.53308181010.09230533250.65948741490.0480704950.72886821840.07003817050.79343063250.06561001030.9077342090.05249283220.853413070.22614484480.9000530310.2579758621.17951633980.07590623670.97925177780.27920641041.20874771040.11383952871.48977733670.28726352742.08276447070.33407374742.1180334630.34409274342.84061924950.65973584373.02755476660.75331714934.30164226540.62128062724.25553736030.98019373564.37775282731.26294194695.08383815540.61897163484.90902284060.8193614694.7003571571.16974866865.2558312261.21798510215.78789406770.86946752115.67483696941.3009950086.72228809771.27349488157.36148441061.59971745867.71753149591.91438699068.09124417091.7585394198.03532622051.88082553428.13688864781.95673036538.40360516141.81358667048.22875114792.15967195949.00871164432.34464791648.88506885392.49760154079.07388059032.49137066468.46338535023.17376656039.84510475252.23248628119.08941618173.60980372459.98492018163.043084489910.41117881082.84309970410.43417287962.986143038710.34128939363.865404776812.03403124394.404674142112.84646773244.293308809313.22242169954.625409006613.03232293495.021703118413.89209899184.388039876713.62867925745.258533262315.43496570244.420131788214.57553586385.853022382415.27252877786.052511502416.73054562154.925796488816.27276672457.848258737117.65895905737.549646295517.246720071211.311335475819.8990543910.756305655519.985095016515.627423383723.784291857726.6440699888

Level 5Level 6

0.006877345400.026811493800.042622731700.09281921700.13513386230.00235391450.15117220350.00844415590.19581806480.00555488510.1823276860.01997266910.210229276800.247121923600.31165651820.01308643640.38465421790.01258936730.45963599780.01133356460.55339786980.01304716720.58887630330.03004121490.61679316380.03470135080.99016208960.01607428511.05715165020.03109868761.07378367210.0484456671.28790330410.13833026511.40813543680.1020947261.76544197270.09964192172.44172353250.2076737632.78456063820.27582266062.98158373310.11872624353.49283336060.2028014953.54047467520.2058364993.48153835450.45385024593.90699964990.26709526673.91253013480.44658738914.25841680590.36225154394.54109592020.23434818645.08642047150.2989507484.78205187140.79800597885.30925770330.4877675635.55322860740.68043245075.90056885780.52147092556.01650311160.69729319835.86413258090.86141075295.94158257890.80484299776.77424075120.77201171317.08951089491.02216716257.37911963660.95663722457.15675328591.20130936147.47756963880.91989691537.52672141421.18329089068.03255028320.79623167287.88985632771.28716128458.97672430250.72973777638.72608852651.16069858469.24234200151.05562419458.95405484851.43779709659.20883304911.53514109629.49259009741.88315661910.32120606351.16274447710.51617396061.587489762411.23927602461.499769103110.85828858261.931936713611.60275677853.011946094614.16484834292.025200636714.31128361912.307385404713.97989842663.649011890415.38539850953.316053948715.3160687594.592742772420.36676921913.9236987553

Level 5Level 6

0.012567379300.016355367700.108369934600.16387574090.0018381430.2024780630.00795378170.23574625260.00280665730.28813799980.00281188810.35576800260.00285193670.39530029430.00816427650.44515393050.04160864180.51968652130.02539644110.5361787140.01460931740.58913491970.0178425990.7033519030.01237742510.89177306570.02566909790.91526751240.06740544461.25638763940.01878224721.20673227410.10064121.51320310180.21079210191.66050262430.09035037131.84433886820.03098087212.08483712460.16678667512.59470640770.18696679592.80150771490.07367219322.77539809620.14931827922.8685012220.07691731712.82207507810.32804089393.058310140.13309820373.29059437170.16867795854.22328713580.25212157434.34030866480.25483447754.23629909540.39586243754.39671287680.30650512334.43018964750.31027160554.57469721950.22827331664.71764036620.39544541984.78154651310.40601487294.83104441060.48780496165.00817912390.6061646455.19903891550.46760035395.37898932730.43478797475.40038621010.64979122315.78851023020.26992000086.29332415630.68723479446.54020994370.66845422656.41624168521.0141439727.00127252860.63694435987.03744656410.9967630557.37661144840.72886790627.27587228761.00433931177.60870237860.79705738697.70513929481.32708961588.37515867611.10830607049.06116565340.74738396618.35328351171.506375382710.15847272041.022351972411.21268016871.210488858211.4989106481.09699646210.66305985632.016851221510.95666208081.79672648611.66894273281.766928189612.88927593191.611581007513.06413152642.632130063812.8795379762.85147302217.04950496642.4430367993

Level 5Level 6

Figure V.1.1A summary of changes in reading performanceShould be changed to Level 5 and abovePISA 2009 mean performanceChange in reading performance between 2000 to 2009All studentsBoysGirlsShare of students below Level 2Share of students at Level 5 or aboveAssociation of socio-economic background with reading performancePeru370433550-1521Chile449404240-185-7Albania385363539-142-9Indonesia402312339-151-7Latvia484262823-132-10Israel47422935-77-7Poland500211428-85-0Portugal489191226-93-4Liechtenstein499171617-65-9Brazil41216921-640Korea53914425098Hungary494141117-54-3Germany497131015-42-7Greece4839313-323Hong Kong-China5338017-13-9Switzerland5016110-41-1Mexico425316-4-1-7Belgium506-10-5-1-22Bulgaria429-1-8613-4Italy486-1-52213Denmark495-2-5-1-3-4-3Norway503-2-5-1-2-42Japan520-2-6332mRussian Federation459-2-61-0-21Romania424-3-1811-1-412United States500-5-2-6-0-3-11Iceland500-6-11-52-28New Zealand521-8-8-81-45France496-9-15-45-08Thailand421-9-6-106-2-0Canada524-10-12-101-5-6Finland536-11-12-81-55Spain481-11-14-93-43Czech Republic478-13-17-66-4-9Australia515-14-17-142-60Sweden497-19-24-155-78Argentina398-20-15-228-3-2Austria470-22-26-198-75Ireland496-31-37-266-127

Figure V.2.1Change in reading performance between 2000 and 2009Note: Statistically significant score point changes are marked in a darker tone.Countries are ranked in descending order of the score point change in reading performance between 2000 and 2009.Figure V.2.4Percentage of students below Level 2 in reading proficiency between 2000 and 20092009 higher than 20002000 higher than 2009No statistically significant difference95% confidence level+-oCountries are ranked in ascending order of the percentage of students below Level 2 on the reading scale in 2009.Figure V.2.5Percentage of top performers in reading in 2000 and 2009 5-62009 higher than 20002000 higher than 2009No statistically significant difference95% confidence level+-o

42.610906029639.812819942735.967107392931.09052663525.889081032721.817526811421.35678047719.180281436816.735312325915.725832112514.513190379714.211957692513.31423007258.97737807347.69536546786.12861664013.3046793397-0.1953384233-1.1801242924-1.3223903018-1.4185538269-1.9547869722-2.050960174-2.3660742826-2.3771990486-3.4731981818-4.5928777854-6.6470692422-7.9197338585-9.1258076428-9.3094666888-10.0708740971-10.5911693089-11.5106294468-13.3778480608-13.3902982555-18.881742691-19.9898252256-21.7723679534-31.0295556387

Change between PISA 2009 and PISA 2000Score point change in reading performance between 2000 and 2009

18.731559185315.73101099818.461711544914.50085693949.864804950413.42212630095.74455127112.900102696417.618467231712.766194795416.776808509212.75338856689.527210987812.423169026912.017942003211.183798789812.23887794349.85965889448.47610514839.564614956411.2007524219.03222891069.06444409468.518961573411.2278048668.40575976569.2000798448.1092806288.80207326367.63821688844.15108963917.43038565735.88762937497.208664170214.23847690936.98055895075.07560441266.05843023115.33736644755.8137773024.98655307125.61434376886.98722527775.1130857867.46616018944.89986073994.20131494824.80297053618.12321479124.70321800015.06101463374.63216153294.21143571683.34372461883.19072151623.1501159724.15751452472.94541853912.218610352.78167320360.55352815671.30737347420.50473685711.27516988661.72376485780.9826729572.2156158790.71572932810.11410932080.48676257230.85466441690.40346457080.49575325310.29094988790.07463998750.1657138840.0010.0164

p-valueChange in the percentage of students below Level 2 in reading between 2000 and 200920002009Percentage change between 2000 and 2009Korea oKorea oFinland oFinland oHong Kong-China oHong Kong-China oCanada oCanada oJapan oJapan oAustralia oAustralia oNew Zealand oNew Zealand oNorway oNorway oPoland -Poland -Denmark -Denmark -Liechtenstein -Liechtenstein -Switzerland -Switzerland -Iceland +Iceland +Ireland +Ireland +Sweden +Sweden +Hungary -Hungary -Latvia -Latvia -United States oUnited States oPortugal -Portugal -Belgium oBelgium oGermany -Germany -Spain +Spain +France +France +Italy oItaly oGreece oGreece oCzech Republic +Czech Republic +Israel oIsrael oRussian Federation oRussian Federation oAustria +Austria +Chile -Chile -Mexico -Mexico -Romania oRomania oBulgaria oBulgaria oThailand +Thailand +Brazil -Brazil -Argentina oArgentina oIndonesia -Indonesia -Albania -Albania -Peru -Peru -5.75241488565.79401700746.95431733298.10872432829.10589570548.28935729219.557813877710.28907452310.073377509213.595097078312.461412229714.249624854213.739190687314.346289419517.490496096715.000317323823.238563595515.032062124217.911757269615.217950036722.12796150215.681089983220.369466585916.81405405814.52770799816.82030794211.043517688517.249182701512.587905283317.439302253722.701904537917.552553858830.101488421617.578917593317.912875786417.618287666826.251653639517.619731877118.984481641617.742598035422.62966482318.466724115416.265103723919.55939543115.187105978719.752141177118.921420341121.023119035324.411090651221.321657793917.501920340923.054675011833.20055183226.546978272827.422395510827.369454895919.313608629227.576311844448.169971855730.562547159944.14027778640.091434254341.256031853940.399736798940.33539621840.987348041937.086294780242.869458250355.798971718549.556626287243.910813506351.579511168868.66210262153.421900905570.355629847456.668237864179.539911974464.7682644194Change in the percentage of top performers in reading between 2000 and 200920002009Percentage of top performers in reading

(2009)5-10-25-75-90-95-Below Level 1b(less than 262.04 score points)Level 1b(from 262.04 to less than 334.75 score points)Level 1a(from 334.75 to less than 407.47 score points)Level 2(from 407.47 to less than 480.18 score points)Level 3(from 480.18 to less than 552.89 score points)Level 4(from 552.89 to less than 625.61 score points)Level 5(from 625.61 to 698.32 score points)Level 6(above 698.32 score points)310344401519572607OECD326363426561615645 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 61618254243380264.04334.75407.47480.18552.89625.61698.3210002000, 5-10- -25- -75- -90- -95- -- .324366435571623652306340400526579608OECD5-10-25-75-90-95-5-10-25-75-90-95-20003063404005265796083243664355716236522009310344401519572607326363426561615645441-7-12-3-9-10-8-7200020095-10-25-75-90-95-5-10-25-75-90-95-306340400526579608310344401519572607OECD32436643557162365232636342656161564518263545444416182542433818263516182523.142974004745444442433842.551433072818263526454444441618252042433841

000000000000000000000000000000

OECD 1000-

000000000000

20002009 1000-

000000000

OECD 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure V.2.9Changes in reading performance between 2000 and 2009Observed and adjusted for socio-demographic changesNote: Observed score point changes that are statistically significant are marked in a darker tone (Annex 3).Countries are ranked in descending order of the observed score point change between 2000 and 2009.RUSSIAFigure V.4.3Variation in reading performance between and within schools in 2000 and 20092009 higher than 20002000 higher than 2009No statistically significant difference95% confidence level+-o

95- 95- 90- 90- 5- 5- 10- 10-

42.610906029647.392848970139.812819942739.994801968335.967107392948.851019794431.09052663533.220890621625.889081032731.200962905821.817526811430.156030781321.35678047723.617868437319.180281436819.422103502616.735312325922.245633190315.725832112519.055015795314.51319037978.93338929314.211957692511.602435509713.314230072518.06025383878.977378073410.23592956037.695365467811.52297029546.12861664016.35753587053.30467933974.266009520103-1.1801242924-1.1596337625-1.322390301813.1412425377-1.41855382693.0497915118-1.9547869722-3.0490206511-2.050960174-2.8409714095-2.3660742826-10.4402412033-2.3771990486-0.6344705536-3.4731981818-9.3093924989-4.59287778544.3034134598-6.6470692422-9.7693077643-7.9197338585-4.1608017414-9.1258076428-7.7910194043-9.3094666888-12.9514933657-10.0708740971-4.1097550339-10.5911693089-18.1394246859-11.5106294468-13.7731602867-13.3778480608-19.424443643-13.3902982555-10.1158661498-18.881742691-17.830256912-19.9898252256-11.0908248784-21.7723679534-19.9453611101-31.0295556387-34.346706301

Observed score point changeScore point change adjusted for socio-demographic changesScore point change in reading performance between 2000 and 2009

340.24659.97461.762452.2185125.95452.82318.58462.4504442.1968451.2746125.43951.8364316.31160.613439.8557450.3307128.152250.7744344.365260861756.3620069078459.3959587967449.3867118.542883112253.1652790402

Proficiency levelsScore10th25thmeanmean predictors75th90thPISA assessmentsA056

-7042.01298-6962.54638648.738678587.245896-9473.284-7528.66028867.462874976.221976-7974.6185-5919.719421106.91941216.26482-4197.99652-3038.968521232.177121914.50524-7630.32748-8088.285621257.90134689.646038-7224.77382-5188.099521319.890523091.01136-3637.39614-6734.60831552.18925941.58568-5620.21976-5971.331461669.467321515.38222-2757.37302-2292.632841745.330822182.50856-7689.06796-8006.071941803.02964740.560384-7573.57488-6709.634681812.35371905.0221-5205.29094-5798.289321897.068743222.76152-7160.03838-6991.430942360.969641545.13346-9465.24754-8049.43872484.199581805.58508-8763.33206-7480.898062540.522422102.495-5794.18372-5147.398542555.404243508.42836-5830.2216-5623.927462723.024244295.20742-3084.58662-5281.430822736.47911940.35176-4272.55286-3385.074663086.548323878.97044-5905.19714-6987.503163103.059023862.84476-3600.54258-4345.779023137.203143297.99334-5850.7523503448-5589.27118580643538.47296296773407.0987597931-3500.16-3858.708263579.466643889.42182-7758.31592-6455.396743656.274143347.75618-5636.29792-3826.089084056.633244766.35964-4117.55582-4414.031824231.815144703.74168-4177.1222-4693.491144411.263843620.58006-4986.61644-5525.897324699.208424757.25964-6038.45926-5150.53154806.980564487.5612-3967.85238-3996.993824919.124124065.5155-3970.92914-5307.560684960.541764469.33742-4689.38264-4774.066425486.59226507.1329-4321.7134-4615.886825682.20854904.82446-3253.29212-2920.424785856.757045744.33884-5885.58124-6377.123485916.157385448.1874-4616.79028-3933.452266136.46146543.92876-4689.51686-6296.840946228.731925179.33126-4417.63006-4344.881586265.51115344.11638-3970.92914-4070.910046586.26374469.33742-5554.44128-5518.724528293.699565704.51892

Variation between schoolsVariation within schoolsChange in variance within schoolsVariance within schools 2000Variance within schools 2009Variance between schools 2009Variance between schools 2000Variance

Change in variance between schools

Chart2462442440459.3959588479497508500.4784684373

PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2009 1000

Sheet120( 18???) , R466Q02Access and RetrieveContinuous opened147.5410.0241.4910.4239.5313.38R466Q026.05-0.48.01-3.36R466Q021R455Q03Access and RetrieveContinuous opened177.278.0575.156.9972.678.64R455Q032.121.064.6-0.59R455Q035R083Q02Access and RetrieveNon-continuous opened182.93.481.933.5181.083.73R083Q020.97-0.111.82-0.33R083Q026R442Q02Access and RetrieveContinuousopened172.3311.4669.3511.6369.2311.43R442Q022.98-0.173.10.03R442Q024???R104Q05Access and RetrieveNon-continuoustelephoneopened234.91.76.730.012.934.4627.843.045.75R104Q054.89-1.232.247.06-1.340.95R104Q052???R227Q02TAccess and RetrieveContinuousopticionclosed249.920.7245.527.270.846.3123.391.21R227Q02T4.4-6.571.23.59-2.690.79R227Q02T3R412Q06TIntegrate and interpretContinuous closed239.82.733.631.3434.051.86R412Q06T6.171.365.750.84R412Q06T7R455Q04Integrate and interpretContinuous closed66.052.2860.672.356.652.93R455Q045.38-0.029.4-0.65R455Q048R432Q01Integrate and interpretContinuous opened183.33.2878.723.0576.974.48R432Q014.580.236.33-1.2R432Q019R406Q05Integrate and interpretContinuous-opened173.9769.736.6865.828.63R406Q054.170.328.08-1.63R406Q0510R460Q06Integrate and interpretContinuous closed61.081.758.081.2554.191.87R460Q063.000.456.89-0.17R460Q0611R452Q07Integrate and interpretContinuous closed49.546.3546.74.8644.325.11R452Q072.841.495.221.24R452Q0712R055Q05Integrate and interpretContinuousdrugged spidersopened1719.468.218.2864.5910.95R055Q052.791.126.41-1.55R055Q0513R220Q05Integrate and interpretContinuoussouth poleclosed76.63.874.872.6471.933.48R220Q051.731.164.670.32R220Q0514R067Q01Integrate and interpretContinuousAesopclosed88.22.386.481.2383.561.89R067Q011.721.074.640.41R067Q0115R466Q03TIntegrate and interpretContinuous closed215,972.3114.591.9313.752.63R466Q03T1.380.382.22-0.32R466Q03T16R220Q04Integrate and interpretContinuoussouth poleclosed55.2554.863.4951.124.43R220Q040.341.514.080.57R220Q0417R424Q07Reflect and EvaluateContinuous closed76.783.9374.242.7871.223.48R424Q072.541.155.560.45R424Q0718R227Q03Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopticionopened155.819.953.4419.7650.2821.33R227Q032.360.145.52-1.43R227Q0319R442Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened126.9338.2724.6339.525.638.46R442Q062.3-1.231.33-0.19R442Q062027 , 10%R227Q06Access and RetrieveNon-continuousopticionopened156.96.972.855.2264.27.07R227Q06-15.951.68-7.3-0.17R227Q061R447Q01TAccess and RetrieveNon-continuous closed2501.2266.110.8661.410.88R447Q01T-16.110.36-11.410.34R447Q01T2R104Q02Access and RetrieveNon-continuoustelephoneopened115.37.831.684.7129.16.15R104Q02-16.383.09-13.81.65R104Q023R219Q01TAccess and RetrieveNon-continuousemploymentclosed248.718.566.4416.5258.620.83R219Q01T-17.741.98-9.9-2.33R219Q01T4R245Q01Access and RetrieveContinuous-opened149.2868.464.1466.534.53R245Q01-19.263.86-17.333.47R245Q015R437Q06Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed39.371.5549.591.4146.251.8R437Q06-10.220.14-6.88-0.25R437Q066R219Q01EIntegrate and interpretNon-continuousemploymentopened142.520.953.1319.9845.3825.01R219Q01E-10.630.92-2.88-4.11R219Q01E7R055Q03Integrate and interpretContinuousdrugged spidersopened145.41156.36.8450.149.84R055Q03-10.94.16-4.741.16R055Q038R458Q04Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed47.222.7558.191.9456.862.02R458Q04-10.970.81-9.640.73R458Q049R102Q05Integrate and interpretNon-continuousshirtsopened127.813.639.86.6733.699.59R102Q05-126.93-5.894.01R102Q0510R442Q03Integrate and interpretContinuousopened157.8324.1370.8915.2868.9316.13R442Q03-13.068.85-11.18R442Q0311R437Q01Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed33.562.2247.421.7744.62.42R437Q01-13.860.45-11.04-0.2R437Q0112R404Q06Integrate and interpretNon-continuousclosed30.62.345.541.2540.961.83R404Q06-14.941.05-10.360.47R404Q0613R452Q04Integrate and interpretContinuous closed38.444.27652.6762.062.9R452Q04-26.561.6-23.621.37R452Q0414R101Q03Reflect and EvaluateContinuousclosed50.22.561.71.9859.892.11R101Q03-11.50.52-9.690.39R101Q0315R447Q04Reflect and EvaluateContinuous closed42.671.8954.761.4552.871.5R447Q04-12.090.44-10.20.39R447Q0416R420Q06Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuous opened129.37.6641.834.2938.365.84R420Q06-12.533.37-9.061.82R420Q0617R424Q03Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuous closed50.84.1864.642.8659.483.63R424Q03-13.841.32-8.680.55R424Q0318R432Q05Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened153.795.7168.093.0661.165.29R432Q05-14.32.65-7.370.42R432Q0519R455Q02Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened115.9115.3631.418.5227.3611.26R455Q02-15.56.84-11.454.1R455Q0220R453Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened153.0318.668.559.6759.9614.46R453Q06-15.528.93-6.934.14R453Q0621R447Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened129.9130.6549.2318.4147.219.4R447Q06-19.3212.24-17.2911.25R447Q0622R442Q05Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened115.5425.5336.615.7134.8616.4R442Q05-21.069.82-19.329.13R442Q0523R414Q06Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuousopened131.336.3653.6423.7151.4624.45R414Q06-22.3412.65-20.1611.91R414Q0624R111Q02BReflect and EvaluateContinuousexchangeopened214.24.428.538.315.4916.0835.0313.4219.54R111Q02B-24.1-11.0912.42-20.83-9.028.96R111Q02B25R458Q07Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened124.132.6458.0114.0654.3616.1R458Q07-33.9118.58-30.2616.54R458Q0726R111Q06BReflect and EvaluateContinuousexchangeopened27.11522.514.3933.8214.7914.1928.7618.47R111Q06B-7.29-18.827.71-7.09-13.764.03R111Q06B27RUSSIARUSSIAOECDOECDINTERINTERRUSSIA - OECDRUSSIA - INTERNATIONALItem IDAspectText format12121Item ID1212Item ID () 96 18 10%25 Aesop3-4-333333 43516 3 548 28

Access and Retrieve RUSSIARUSSIAOECDOECDINTERINTERRUSSIA - OECDRUSSIA - INTERNATIONALItem IDAspectText format111Item ID1212Item IDR227Q06Access and RetrieveNon-continuousopticionopened156.96.972.855.2264.27.07R227Q06-15.951.68-7.3-0.17R227Q061Match to one condition in the task. Accurately compare values shown in bar graph. [grasps the essence of a text BU] ", " 4 . , .R447Q01TAccess and RetrieveNon-continuous closed2501.2266.110.8661.410.88R447Q01T-16.110.36-11.410.34R447Q01T2Identify which of a series of instances require a specified action, making synonymous matches between parts of the question and information included in a table. , ?, , . . ? , - , . / " " ( ) 2 , , , . / " " ( 4 ) , . / " " ( )R104Q02Access and RetrieveNon-continuoustelephoneopened115.37.831.684.7129.16.15R104Q02-16.383.09-13.81.65R104Q023Select appropriate list from a series of three combined lists. Use conditional information supplied in the combined list. Make a synonymous match between terms in question and text. . ? : - .. 702. - . : ( ) : " , "8" : , , -R219Q01TAccess and RetrieveNon-continuousemploymentclosed248.718.566.4416.5258.620.83R219Q01T-17.741.98-9.9-2.33R219Q01T4(A,B,C,D) Match information provided in the text with categories in the text (form); three literal matches and one low-inference match (1D). Minimal distracting information. One out of five correct. , , : : " ?"() " " ( ) : 2 :: , , ":" ?" " ?"R245Q01Access and RetrieveContinuous-opened149.2868.464.1466.534.53R245Q01-19.263.86-17.333.47R245Q015Make a literal match between given information and two pieces of information in the text. Number of pieces of information to be found is not specified in the question. . : " "," " : : , , , ( , )Integrate and interpret 9 : 6 , 3 5 , 4 R452Q04Integrate and interpretContinuous closed38.444.27652.6762.062.9R452Q04-26.561.6-23.621.37R452Q0414Infer the meaning of a sentence (simile) in a play using references to textual structure described by one of the characters. The relationship described in the simile appears contradictory .: , ( 33-34) , , ? - 30%, - 11%R404Q06Integrate and interpretNon-continuousclosed30.62.345.541.2540.961.83R404Q06-14.941.05-10.360.47R404Q0613Recognise which of several possible conclusions that may be drawn from an expository text is supported by information in a table , : . ? - 54%, - 40% , !!! , 18 18 , 16 16 17,5 16,0 20,9 19,5 , !!!R437Q01Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed33.562.2247.421.7744.62.42R437Q01-13.860.45-11.04-0.2R437Q0112Distinguish between two versions of a legend included in a narrative text and infer the main idea expressed in the second one : , , - , . , , R437Q06Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed39.371.5549.591.4146.251.8R437Q06-10.220.14-6.88-0.25R437Q066Recognise a contrast (related to narrative structure) between a legend and a modern reinterpretation of it , " , , , " 50.5643.25 R442Q03Integrate and interpretContinuousopened157.8324.1370.8915.2868.9316.13R442Q03-13.068.85-11.18R442Q0311Identify a potential personal reaction, based on an attitude explained in an expository text. The attitude is a main idea in the text, and is described several times : , , , ( )R102Q05Integrate and interpretNon-continuousshirtsopened127.813.639.86.6733.699.59R102Q05-126.93-5.894.01R102Q0510Locate relevant information in a table (nested list). Match on two criteria. Compare three pieces of information that fit the criteria.: - , ( , ) , ? - : "" , , , 5427.813.6 R458Q04Integrate and interpretContinuousclosed47.222.7558.191.9456.862.02R458Q04-10.970.81-9.640.73R458Q049Recognise a common position expressed in two short argumentative texts dealing with a part of everyday adult life , :: , - 46.7437.57 - !R055Q03Integrate and interpretContinuousdrugged spidersopened145.41156.36.8450.149.84R055Q03-10.94.16-4.741.16R055Q038Make a synonymous match between a phrase in the question and a phrase in the text, and quote or paraphrase the phrase from the text as supporting evidence. : : , () ?: - , - , - , - 0 1 2 1+2 45.41148.5963.477.68-3.98-10.94.16-14.88 ( 4 )R219Q01EIntegrate and interpretNon-continuousemploymentopened142.520.953.1319.9845.3825.01R219Q01E-10.630.92-2.88-4.11R219Q01E7Combine several pieces of information in a prose text and tranform to fit tabular format in an employment form.: : : 15 , 16.00 , . . , . 4 - 0 1 35.142.520.99.45-10.630.92Reflect and Evaluate12 .9 - , 3 - 9 , 3 48% R458Q07Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened124.132.6458.0114.0654.3616.1R458Q07-33.9118.58-30.2616.54R458Q0716Use prior knowledge to generate an example that fits a category described in a text dealing with a part of everyday adult life, and explain why example fits this category , , : ? . : , . , .1 21 21 2R111Q02BReflect and EvaluateContinuousexchangeopened214.24.428.538.315.4916.0835.0313.4219.54R111Q02B-24.1-11.0912.42-20.83-9.028.96R111Q02B17R111Q02B.1Evaluate the appropriateness of content in relation to purpose/audience. Generate categories as a basis for the evaluation. [Understand the purpose of the text BU]R111Q02B.2Evaluate the appropriateness of text features in relation to purpose/audience. Generate categories as a basis for the evaluation. [Understand the purpose of the text BU]: , ( ). , ( ). , , . , ? , . . "" ""R414Q06Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuousopened131.336.3653.6423.7151.4624.45R414Q06-22.3412.65-20.1611.91R414Q0618Use prior knowledge to reflect on an abstract category presented in a text and generate a relevant example that would fit the category. The category can only be understood with reference to an adjacent piece of text. , .:: ?: , - , - , : - . , . , ( )R442Q05Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened115.5425.5336.615.7134.8616.4R442Q05-21.069.82-19.329.13R442Q0519Recognise the intended effect of the end of an expository text. The response must identify the writer's basic argument (an attitude that is never explicitly stated) that runs through the text, and relate the ending to this argument. :, - ... , ?: , . : ?R447Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened129.9130.6549.2318.4147.219.4R447Q06-19.3212.24-17.2911.25R447Q0620Evaluate the relevance of a title by comparing it with the content of an injunctive text dealing with a very familiar (health) topic. The evaluation must recognise an inconsistency between the two , : ! . : , .. , .. . , R453Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened153.0318.668.559.6759.9614.46R453Q06-15.528.93-6.934.14R453Q0621Identify the purpose of a formatting feature (some words in bold font) in relation to content in an injunctive text dealing with an everyday topic ( ) , : . ?: - , , .??? .R455Q02Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened115.9115.3631.418.5227.3611.26R455Q02-15.56.84-11.454.1R455Q0222Identify the attempt to appeal to audience in the title and illustration of a short descriptive text containing specialised (scientific) language , , : , , . , , , ?: () ( ). ( , ) ( ).R432Q05Reflect and EvaluateContinuous opened153.795.7168.093.0661.165.29R432Q05-14.32.65-7.370.42R432Q0523Evaluate suitability of two short argumentative texts for a specified purpose and support an opinion about one of them by combining prior knowledge with information from the text , : ? 1 2 : , ( )R424Q03Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuous closed50.84.1864.642.8659.483.63R424Q03-13.841.32-8.680.55R424Q0324Recognise the persuasive purpose of graphical information showing a very obvious trend in a mixed format argumentative text : 2-2.19-13.841.7811.21. . . !!! , !R420Q06Reflect and EvaluateNon-continuous opened129.37.6641.834.2938.365.84R420Q06-12.533.37-9.061.82R420Q0625Hypothesise about the source of three sets of data by combining prior knowledge with information from the text. Recognise a general pattern of difference among the sets of data , : , X, Y Z ? . : . . "" ""R447Q04Reflect and EvaluateContinuous closed42.671.8954.761.4552.871.5R447Q04-12.090.44-10.20.39R447Q0426Recognise the use of a persuasive strategy (suggesting reliability) in an injunctive text dealing with a very familiar (health) topic. , ( ): ! . . ?-2.11-12.091.4610.6 - .. , ! R101Q03Reflect and EvaluateContinuousclosed50.22.561.71.9859.892.11R101Q03-11.50.52-9.690.39R101Q0327Infer the relationship between one sentence and the text as a whole. Directive clearly tells students where to look for the relevant sentence.Relationship is counterintuitive, i.e. contradictory. Type of information sought relates to attitude: ( ) ?9.550.29.519.7-0.28-11.52.593.9 , (1) , (2) : - . . , , , . - - , 11 , - .

Access and Retrieve RUSSIARUSSIAOECDOECDINTERINTERRUSSIA - OECDRUSSIA - INTERNATIONALItem IDAspectText format111Item ID1212Item IDR466Q02Access and RetrieveContinuous opened147.5410.0241.4910.4239.5313.38R466Q026.05-0.48.01-3.36R466Q021Make links across an advertisement in order to locate three conditions explicitly stated as necessary to satisfy terms of an offer specified in the text. There is some distracting information.: . , , : ?2) , . (: )3) , -() . , , -. , , .R442Q02Access and RetrieveContinuousopened172.3311.4669.3511.6369.2311.43R442Q022.98-0.173.10.03R442Q024Make a literal match between wording in the question and one of various achievements of a historical figure explicitly stated in an expository text.: , : , , , , , , . ( , )R455Q03Access and RetrieveContinuous opened177.278.0575.156.9972.678.64R455Q032.121.064.6-0.59R455Q035Identify referent in a short descriptive text containing specialised (scientific) language: , , , . ? ( : , , , (20 ) . : , - - , . /R083Q02Access and RetrieveNon-continuous opened182.93.481.933.5181.083.73R083Q020.97-0.111.82-0.33R083Q026: , 8 ? . 1) (8 // 7 )2) ( // ) , )??? 2 Integrate and interpret 11 : 8 , 3 - : 3 , 8 . R412Q06TIntegrate and interpretContinuous closed239.82.733.631.3434.051.86R412Q06T6.171.365.750.84R412Q06T7Infer which of several given statements, dealing with concepts likely to be familiar, but expressed in abstract language, are included in a densely written expository text. : , . " ". " " , - , , : , . . . , , , , . , () . , () , , !!! : R455Q04Integrate and interpretContinuous closed66.052.2860.672.356.652.93R455Q045.38-0.029.4-0.65R455Q048 - , :) , ) , 18% . -8%) " , "+) ; , R432Q01Integrate and interpretContinuous opened183.33.2878.723.0576.974.48R432Q014.580.236.33-1.2R432Q019Identify the author of a book using contextual clues in a review. There is little competing information, and none of it is very plausible. , .: ? .1) , , 2) 2, . .3) 1, , -R406Q05Integrate and interpretContinuous-opened173.9769.736.6865.828.63R406Q054.170.328.08-1.63R406Q0510Construe a phrase in a story by making a connection with information introduced earlier in the text . : , (3- ). : , - :, , . , , , , . , R460Q06Integrate and interpretContinuous closed61.081.758.081.2554.191.87R460Q063.000.456.89-0.17R460Q0611Identify the main idea of part of a descriptive text dealing with a relatively concrete topic of the kind students could expect to encounter at school (): ? ??? 400 ; 100 . , . , , , , R452Q07Integrate and interpretContinuous closed49.546.3546.74.8644.325.11R452Q072.841.495.221.24R452Q0712Recognise the conceptual theme of a section of a play. The theme is literary and abstract : : , -, : // . , : ? , . , ., .drugged spidersR055Q05Integrate and interpretContinuousdrugged spidersopened1719.468.218.2864.5910.95R055Q052.791.126.41-1.55R055Q0513Connect information in the text to given information. Compare verbal description of an object in the text with a picture of the object. . : , , : - : , .. south poleR220Q05Integrate and interpretContinuoussouth poleclosed76.63.874.872.6471.933.48R220Q051.731.164.670.32R220Q0514Infer the meaning of a single phrase in the text in relation to the immediately surrounding text. Synonymous match between the alternative in the MCQ and the sentence following the one quoted in the stem.: " ". : " . , ."3.92.676.65.73.8AesopR067Q01Integrate and interpretContinuousAesopclosed88.22.386.481.2383.561.89R067Q011.721.074.640.41R067Q0115Identify the theme of a literary text. Deduce the theme from scattered clues. Distractors (MCQ) focus on the same relationship as the key. Theme is implied near the beginning of the text.: , 3.52.588.21.32.3 "" R466Q03TIntegrate and interpretContinuous closed215,972.3114.591.9313.752.63R466Q03T1.380.382.22-0.32R466Q03T16Determine which of several given cases, each listing three conditions, satisfy a set of criteria provided in an advertisement. , , > 1000 . 3000 . 200 .> 3500 . 6500 . 500 .> 7000 . 1000 . 1. , .2. , : , , , . , , : , , , ? ? 1200 14- . / 1500 12- . / 1100 3- / , R220Q04Integrate and interpretContinuoussouth poleclosed55.2554.863.4951.124.43R220Q040.341.514.080.57R220Q0417Compare four quotations from text, located by line numbers, and evaluate the emotive weight of each by relating it to its context.: 1 , ? 12.17.111.255.25Reflect and Evaluate3 . - R424Q07Reflect and EvaluateContinuousclosed76.783.9374.242.7871.223.48R424Q072.541.155.560.45R424Q0718Recognise the purpose of presenting a case study in a mixed format argumentative text. The purpose supports the main argument made in the text . , . , . . , . , . , . , .2.54-3.540.72-1.87 , , " " (), ()opticionR227Q03Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened155.819.953.4419.7650.2821.33R227Q032.360.145.52-1.43R227Q0319Draw on mental representation of a term provided in the assessment. Compare mental construct with evidence in text. Short text. ", " , " " " ". , , 1), , , , , 2) , . , . "" !!! - R442Q06Reflect and EvaluateContinuousopened126.9338.2724.6339.525.638.46R442Q062.3-1.231.33-0.19R442Q0620Support an opinion (value judgement) that is contrary to expectation by combining prior knowledge with information from a fairly long expository text dealing with abstract (scientific) ideas. The opinion to be supported is not explicitly stated, but can b, - : : , . , . . , , !!!

(1000 ) PISA 200046227-2931484479 PISA 2000462479396PISA 2000462396PISA 2000462371PISA 200344232-3441491497PISA 2003442497403PISA 2003442403PISA 2003442382PISA 200644037-4057495508 PISA 2006440508393PISA 2006440393PISA 2006440393PISA 200945937 ???65???497500PISA 2009459500412PISA 2009459412PISA 2009459402 PISA 20001985PISA 20031988PISA 20061991PISA 20091994 67PISA 200019911992PISA 200319941995PISA 200619971998PISA 200920002001 1 1 2 3 4 5 ( 335 )(335-407 )(408-480 )(480-552 )(553-625 )( 625 )PISA 20009182927133PISA 20031321302592PISA 20061422302492PISA 20098193227113 2 2-3 4-6 PISA 2000275616PISA 2009275914 ( 408 )(408-552 )( 552 )PISA 2000275616PISA 2003345511PISA 2006365411PISA 2009275914 123PISA 2000451468455PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2009469467441-17.718028671.1204836214.40811005 ()PISA 200048144338PISA 200345642828PISA 200645842038PISA 200948243745 science (1000 ) PISA 200046026-2931PISA 200348920-3041PISA 200647933-3857PISA 20094833966 (1000 ) PISA 200047821-2531PISA 200346829-3141PISA 200647632-3657PISA 20094793866PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2009462442440459 OECD (24 )50149749449839555539Trends adjusted for demographic changes470467445459Trends adjusted for sampling differences462442439459Percentiles on the reading scale in PISA 2000 and 2009PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2009Change in percentiles between 2009 and 200010th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentile10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentile10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentile10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentile10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentileScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScoreScore dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.Score dif.S.E.A0563404005265793193815065583163775055563444015195724(9.2)1(7.9)-7(7.4)-7(8.0)AAVG-243734395686183684355656153634325646153734375656140(5.2)-2(5.2)-4(5.2)-4(5.2)10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentilePISA 2000340400526579PISA 2003319381506558PISA 2006316377505556PISA 2009344401519572 OECD (24 )10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentilePISA 2000373439568618PISA 2003368435565615PISA 2006363432564615PISA 2009373437565614: OECD (24 ) - 10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentilePISA 200033394239PISA 200350545856PISA 200647555960PISA 200929364641 OECD (24 )10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentile10th percentile25th percentile75th percentile90th percentilePISA 2000340400526579373439568618PISA 2009344401519572373437565614

9182927133132130259214223024928193227113

1 ( 335 )1 (335-407 )2 (408-480 )3 (480-552 )4 (553-625 )5 ( 625 )% 832292711133

275616345511365411275914

( 408 ) (408-552 ) ( 552 ) (%)

481456458481.5224163866443428420436.8755050757


340.246400.216526.17578.99372.8709166667438.771568.40625618.0074166667

ScoreScoreScoreScore 1000-

340.246344.3652608617400.216400.7272677695526.17519.2701508817578.99572.4354299218372.8709166667373.254499182438.771436.7826304308568.40625564.8542159001618.0074166667613.8144367691

PISA 2000PISA 2009 1000-

462442440459.3959588




PIS

Международные сравнительные исследования pisa

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