1-1

statistical inference. . . . ( Population). ....

() : (census) ( ). .: (Sampling method) (Sample) . . .1-2

:

1- .

2- .. .3- () .4- .. .1-3 .1-3-1 . .. .() : Simple random sample

. . . ( ) (Frame) .() : Systematic sample

. 2000 100 = (20 1) 14 34 54 . 1974 1994. . .() : Stratified random sample () ( ). ( ). .() : clustered sample

. . .. .. .1-3-2 : ... :

() : Purposive sample

.

( ) ... .. . - . .

() : Quota sample

( )... ( 100 20 45 35 .. .

.. ( ) .

.. .1-4

:1-4-1

.. ( ) .

( ) () .1-4-2

.. .1-5

(Parameters of population) (Statistics) .. .. .

.

1-5-1 : Sampling Distributions

n ... . n n ... .1-5-2 : Sampling Distributions of Means

n

(4-1)

(

(4-2)

(4-3) n

(4-4) Central Limit Theorem . n (4-3) .

(4-5) .

(4-5)

(4-6)

(4-6) .1-5-3 : Sampling Distribution of The Variance

n

(4-7)

(4-8) n . .

(4-9)

(4-10) ( ) .

(4-11)

:

(4-12)

y :

(4-13) (4-13) .

n

t

(4-14) t :

(4-15) .

(4-16) The Pooled Variance.PAGE 10/

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