محركات الديزل
TRANSCRIPT
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١٠ JאK ١١ JאK ١٢ Jאא
אK
![Page 44: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٣٧ -
٥ JאGlow Plugs : אאאאאאאאא
אאאאאK אאאאאאאאא
אKאאאF٢ J١١KE
F٢ J١١Eא
W
אאאאאאK אאאאK
א٤٠٢٠،אאא אאK
אאW
١- K ٢- K ٣- FאKE
![Page 45: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٣٨ -
F٢ J١٢Eאא
![Page 46: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٣٩ -
אא
شمعة تسخين قضيبية سلكية شمعات تسخين
F٢ J١٣Eאא
١- ٢- אאאK ٣- אK ٤- אאK
![Page 47: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٠ -
٥- K ٦- אFאKE
אאא
F٢ J١٤Eא
![Page 48: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤١ -
F٢ J١٥Eא
![Page 49: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٢ -
٢ JאW אאאאאאא
٢ bar ) J 5 barEאאאKאאאW
١- אא EKEK ٢- ٣- א ٤- א
אאאא١KאאאאW ١KאאאאW
F٢ J١٦Eאאאא ١K٢Kא٣K
![Page 50: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٣ -
אאאאW
אאW ١ JאFאאאKE ٢ JאאאK ٣ JאK
WאW
אאאאאאאאW
١ J אFaE ٢ J אFbE
אאFאאאאאEK
WאאW
אאאאאאW
١ J אFaEאK ٢ J אFbKEאאא
אאאK
WאW אאאאא
אאאFאאEאאאאאאא
אFאאEF٢ J١٧KE
![Page 51: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٤ -
אW
אאאאאאאאאאKאאW
١- אאאאFKE ٢- אאאאFKE ٣- אאאאאK
אאאא אאא אאא
F٢ J١٧Eאאאא
![Page 52: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٥ -
٧Kאא אאאאאאאאאא
אאאאWאאאאא
١ Jאא ٢ Jאאא ٣ Jאאא ٤ Jאאאאא ١Kאא אאאאאא،א
אאאאאFAEאאאאא
אאאאK אFBEאאאFCEאא
א אאאW
١ JאאK ٢ Jאאאאאא
K ٣ JאאK ٤ JאאאFאKE
![Page 53: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٦ -
F٢ J١٨Eאאא
![Page 54: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٧ -
٢KאאאאW אאאא،א
אאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאא
אאא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאK
F٢ J١٩Eאאאאאאא
![Page 55: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٨ -
٣KאאאW אאאאאWאWאא
KאWאאאאא،אאאאאא٣٠٪٤٠٪אא
K אאאאW
١ Jאאא ٢ JאאK ٣ JאאאאאאK ٤ JאאK
F٢ J٢٠Eאאא
١Kאא٢K٣K٤K٥K
![Page 56: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א אאא
- ٤٩ -
٤KאאאאאW
אאאאאאאאאאאאאא،
אאאאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאא
אK
F٢ J٢١Eאאאאא
![Page 57: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
- ٣٦ -
אא
אא
א
א
٣
![Page 58: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٠ -
אא אא
אאאאאאא
אאאK،אא،א،א،אאא
،א،א،אאKאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאKאאאאא
אאאאKאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאאא،א
אאאאKKKKKאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאV אאאא
אאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאK
![Page 59: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥١ -
F٣ J١Eאאאאא
![Page 60: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٢ -
אאאאW אאאW
١K FEאאK ٢K FEאאK ٣K FEאK ٤K א ٥K א ٦K אאא ٧K א ٨K א
![Page 61: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٣ -
אא
١K אאK ٢K אאאK ٣K אא.
١EאאW אא?א?
אאאאאאא??אא?א?א
אאאאאאאאאא?אא?א
אאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאW ١. אK ٢. אאK ٣. אK ٤. אK ٥. אK
![Page 62: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٤ -
٢EאאאW אאאא
אאאאאאאK
٣EאאW אאא،אא?
א?אאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאא
א٢א–٤L٢K
![Page 63: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٥ -
אא אא
אאאא W ١K אFאאאאאKE ٢K אאFאאאKE ٣K אאFאKE ٤K אאFאאא
אKE ٥K אFאאאאKE ٦K אאFאאאאKE ٧K אFאאאאKE ٨K אFאאאאאEK ٩K אFKE
אLubrication Process אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאK
א אאאאאא
אאאאאאאאKאא
אWאאאאK
![Page 64: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٦ -
JאW אאאאאאFאE
אאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאK אאאFאEאאK אאאאא
Kאאאאאאאאאא،אאאא
אאאK
F٣ J٢Eאאא
א
![Page 65: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٧ -
F٣ J٣Eאאאאאא
F٣ J٤Eאא
![Page 66: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٨ -
JאאאW אאאאא
אKאאאאא،אאKא
אאאאאאאאאאא
אאKאF٣ J٦،٥EאאאK
F٣ J٥Eאאאאא
![Page 67: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٥٩ -
F٣ J٦Eאאא
אFOIL FILTERE
אאW ١K אאאK ٢K אאK
אW אאאאאאאאאאאK
אW אאאאאאK
אאאF٣ J٨،٧EK
![Page 68: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٠ -
F٣ J٧EFEאK
F٣ J٨EFEאK
![Page 69: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦١ -
א ١ –אF٣ J٩ KE ٢ –אאאF٣ J١٠ KE
F٣ J٩ Eא
F٣ J١٠ Eא
![Page 70: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٢ -
− אא
FEא( Dipstick ) אא،
אאאF٣ J١١KE –אW
אאאאK –אW
אאאאאאאKאא
אאK
F٣ J١١EאאK
![Page 71: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٣ -
F١EאאאW אאא?א?א
אKאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאKאאאאאאFאאאEאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאא١٥–٢٠LK
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאK
F٢EאאW אאאאאא
אאאאאאKאאאא
אFאאאKE
![Page 72: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٤ -
א
אאאFE،،אF٣אאאאאא J١٢KE
F٣ J١٢Eא
FEא( Oil Pan )
אאאאאאא،אאאא
אKא،אאK
–אW אאFE( Drain Plug )
אKאאאאא،אא
![Page 73: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٥ -
אאאאאאאאאאאאF٣ J١٣KE
F٣ J١٣Eא
א אאאאאא
אאאאאאאא،
אאאאאאאF٣ J١٤E
![Page 74: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٦ -
F٣ J١٤Eא
א( Oil Pressure Regulating Valve )
אW–١ –אאK٢ –אאK –אW
אאאFאEאאK
–אW
אאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאאKאאאאF٣ J١٥KE
![Page 75: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٧ -
F٣ J١٥Eאאא
F٣ J١٦EאאK
א( Oil Pressure Gauges ) FE،אאאא
K –אW،אאאאאאא
אאK
![Page 76: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٨ -
– אWאאWאאאאא،אאא،א،אאאא
אאאאF٣ J١٧KE
FF٣ J١٧EאאאK
אאאWאאאאאאאF٣ J١٨KEא،
אאאאאKאאF٣ J١٩KE
![Page 77: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٦٩ -
F٣ J١٨EאאאאאK
F٣ J١٩ Eאאאאא
![Page 78: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٠ -
א( Oil Warning Unit ) FEאא،א
אK –אW
FEאאאאKאאאאאK
–אW ١–אאאאאFאEאK
א( 0.2 kg/cm2 = 0.4 psi )אאאFEאFאEF٣ J٢٠KE
٢–אאאאאאאאKאאא
אFאEF٣ J٢١KE
F٣ J٢٠EאFאKE
![Page 79: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧١ -
F٣ J٢١EאFאKE
− אW אאא،אאאKא
אאאאאאאאאK
אא،אאאאאאאKאאא،אאאא
אאאאאאKאאאאא،אאאK
− אאW ١–אאאWאK ٢–אאWK
![Page 80: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٢ -
− FEאW אFE،אאאא
אKא،אאאא،אאאKאאאאאאאKא
אאאאKF٣ J٢٢KE
F٣ J٢٢EאK
![Page 81: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٣ -
אא אא
א
אאאאאאאאאFEאאאW
١K אאK ٢K אאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאא٠٠١٠٠٠٢٠אK
אאאאאאאK
אאW JאאW
אאאאאאאאK
אאאא
אאאFאKE
JאאW אא א
אK
![Page 82: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٤ -
אאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאFאEאאאאאK
JאאאW אאאא
אא?אאK? אאאאאאאאא
אK
אאאאאאאKאאאאאא
אK
אאProperties of oil אאאאאא
W ١K אאאאK ٢K אאאאא
אK ٣K אאאאא
אאK ٤K אאאאא
אאאאאאאאא
٥K א?אאאאאK
![Page 83: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٥ -
٦K אK
![Page 84: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٦ -
אW אאאאאאאW ١- אWאאאאא
אאFאEאא
אאאאאאאאא
אאאאK ٢- אWאאאא
א،אאאאאFאEK
אאאK
אאאW אא?א?
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאK אאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאW
![Page 85: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٧ -
١- אW אאאאאK
٢- אW אאאא
אאK
٣- אW אאאאא
אאK
٤- אW אאאאאא
אאאK
٥- אW אאאאא
אאאאאאאאK
٦- אW אאאאא
אאK
אא
١- W
אאאאאאאאאK
![Page 86: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٨ -
٢- W אK
٣- W
אאאאאאא??אאאאא
אאאאאK
אMeasurement of oil Viscosity
א“Engler”אאאא٢٠٠٢אאאא
א٥٢٥K
אאאאאאא٩ J١٢א٥٠٥א٥٤–٨א٥٠٥K
א٢א١٠٠٥אא“S.A.E.”א
אאאא١٠،٢٠،٣٠،٤٠،٥٠،٦٠،٧٠אאS.A.E.FKKKE
אאSpecifications of Oil
אאאאאK
![Page 87: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
- ٧٩ -
אאאאאFEאאW
S.A.E 10
S.A.E 20
א??
S.A.E 30
S.A.E 40
S.A.E 50
א
S.A.E 60
S.A.E 70
אFE
אאאאאאאאאK
אאא١٠–٣٠“10w – 30”
א١٠אK אא٣٠K WאאאאK
![Page 88: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
- ١١١ -
אאאא
אא
א
א
א
א
٤
![Page 89: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٧٩ -
אא א
אאאFאאא٢٢٠٠KEא٣٥٪אאא،אאאא
אKאאאאKאאאאאאא
אאאאאKאאאאK
F٤ J١Eא
![Page 90: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٠ -
אW אאאW
١- אאאאK ٢- אאאK ٣- אאאאאK ٤- אאK
אאW
אאאאא F٤ J٢EF٤ J٣EK
אאW
אאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאK אאאאאאאאאא
אFאEאאאאK אאא،אאאא
אאאאאאFאEאאKאאאא
א،אKאאאאK
![Page 91: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨١ -
אW אאאאאא
FאאאKEאאאאKאאאאאאK
F٤ J٢Eא
F٤ J٣Eאא
![Page 92: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٢ -
אאאW
אאאא
אא
JאאאK
JאאאK
JK
Jאא Jאא
אאK
א
Jאאא
JאאאK
JאK Jאאא
אאאאW
J אFאאאאאKE J אאאFאאאאאאKE J אאאאאאאאK J אFאאאאKE
אאאK
![Page 93: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٣ -
אא
אא
אאW א א א אFאE אאFאE א א א א א א אאא
אאW
אאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאKאאאKאאאF٤ J٤KE
![Page 94: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٤ -
Lא אאאאKאא
( -20° c )אאאאאKאאאאא(Ethylene glycol)٥٠٪
אKאאאאKאאK אאאאאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאWאאאאKא
• אאאK • אאאאK • אK • אK
אא
אא אאא א
אא אאא א
א
![Page 95: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٥ -
LאFאאE(Radiator)
אאאKאאאאאאאאK אאK
אאאאאאאאK
F٤ J٤Eאאא
![Page 96: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٦ -
אאF٤ J٥WE ١. אFאאEK ٢. אFאLאFEאאא
אאאKE ٣. אFאאא
אKE ٤. FאאאKE
אW אאאאאאאא
אאאKאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאא،אאא
אא،F٤ J٦KE
![Page 97: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٧ -
٤J٦
F٤ J٥Eאא
![Page 98: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٨ -
Lא(Radiator cap)
אW ١- א אK ٢- א אאK ٣- אאאאא K ٤- אא אFאKE
אW
١- FאאאKE ٢- אאFא
אאKE ٣- אאאF
אאאאאKE
אאאאאאאאא
![Page 99: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٨٩ -
F٤ J٧Eאא
F٤ J٨Eאאא
אאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאW
![Page 100: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٠ -
F٤ J٩Eאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאW
F٤ J١٠Eאאא
![Page 101: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩١ -
אW אאאאאא
אאKאאאF٨٣ J١١٠EאאF١٢١ J١٢٧KKE
אאאאאאאאאאאאא،
אאאאK אאאאאא
אאאאאאKאאאK
![Page 102: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٢ -
אFאE
אאאאאאאאF٤ J١١Eא
אאאKאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאKאא
א،אאאאK אאאאFEKא
KאאאאאאK א،אאא
אאאאאF٤ J١١KE
F٤ J١١Eא
![Page 103: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٣ -
אLא( Water Pump ) אאאאאאK
אאאאK
אאW ١K אFאאE ٢K אFאאאאKE ٣K אFאאאKE ٤K אFאKE ٥K אFאאKE ٦K אFאאאאKE
אאאK
F٤ J١٢Eאא
![Page 104: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٤ -
− אW
אFEאאאFEאאK אFאEאאאא،אאאאKא
(5000 – 3500 ) ،א( 475 )LאK אאVFKEאא
אKאאאאKאאאF VEאאאאא
אאאKאאא١0 mm )( 20 mmאאאאאאא
F٤ J١٣KEאאאאאאאF٤ J١٤E
F٤ J١٣EF٤ J١٤E
![Page 105: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٥ -
Lאאא( Water Hoses )
אאFאאEאאאאאאK
− אא
אאאאאאאאאKאא،א
F٤ J١٥E
F٤ J١٥Eאאאאא
א،אאאאא
אאKאאאאאאאKאאאא
אא،K
![Page 106: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٦ -
F٤ J١٦EאאK
− אאאא אאאאאאאF٤ J١٧E
אאאאאKאא،אאא
אKאאאW –K –K –FKE
F٤ J١٧EאאאK
![Page 107: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٧ -
٤J١٨א
LאFאאאE(Thermostat)
אאאאKאאאאאK אאאא
אאF٤ J١٨KE
אW
אאאאאאאKאאאאאא
אKאאFKEאאאאאאא
אאאKאאFאאאEאאאאאK
אאאFאאE،אאאאאאאאKאאא( 95° c - 75° c )
אאאK
![Page 108: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٨ -
− אאאFאאE
١–אאאK ٢–אאאאK ٣–אאK
− אאאFאאE אאאאאאF٤ J١٩KE
١–אK ٢–אאK ٣–K ٤–FKE
F٤ J١٩Eאאא
![Page 109: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ٩٩ -
− אאאFאאE
א،אאאאא،אאאאאאאאא
אאKאאאאF٤ J٢٠KE
F٤א J٢٠Eאאא
![Page 110: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠٠ -
אאאאאFאאEאאא،אאאאF( 80° cK
אאאאאFEאאKאא ( 80° c )אאא
אאאאאאאאFKEאאF ( 90° cאא
אאאF٤ J٢١KE
F٤ J٢١Eאאאא
![Page 111: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠١ -
Lא אאאאאאאאא
אאKאאאאאאאאKאאא،א
אאKאאאאאאKאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאKאאאאא،
אאFאEאאאאאאKאאK
אאאאאF٤ J٢٢EK
F٤ J٢٢Eאא
![Page 112: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠٢ -
− אאW אאאאKאאא
אא،אאאK − אאאW
אאאW ١ JאאFאEW
אא(V)אאאאאF٤ J٢٣EK
F٤ J٢٣EאאFאE
٢ JאאW אאאאאK
،אאאאאKא،אאאאKא
אא( 100° c ) ،אאאKאאאF٤ J٢٤EK
![Page 113: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠٣ -
F٤ J٢٤EאאK
Lאא(Temperature Indicator) אאאאאKא
אאאKFEאאKאאFאאEאא
אKאאKאאאאאKאW
١–FאאE( Sending Unit )K ٢–FאאאEא( Indicator ) K
אאאאאאKאאאW
• אאK • אאאאK • אאK
אF٤ J٢٥KE
אאאאאאאKאאא،אאא
א،K
![Page 114: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠٤ -
F٤ J٢٥EאאK
Lאאא( Hot Warning Unit )
אאFאאEאאאאאאאW
١–FאאE( Sending Unit )K ٢–FאאEא( Indicator ) K
− אא אאFאאEאאאאא
− אא
،אאאאאאאאK
אאא( 90° c ) ،אא FאEאאאאאאא
אF٤ J٢٦KE
![Page 115: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
١٧٢ א אאא
אאא א אא
- ١٠٥ -
F٤ J٢٦EאאK
١
![Page 116: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
אא
אא
א
א
٥
![Page 117: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٠٦ -
אא א
אאKאאא،אאאאאאאאK
אF٥ J١Eאאאא
אW
• א • אא
![Page 118: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٠٧ -
• Vאא٦٠º٩٠ºK
אאW • א • א • א • אא • אKKKKKKKK
אFאEאאאאאא
אאאאאאא
![Page 119: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٠٨ -
אF٥ J٢Eאא
א
• א • אאא • אא • אאאאאאא
• אאאאאאאאא
א • אאאא
![Page 120: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٠٩ -
א
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאא
KאאאאאאאKאאאKאאאאאK
אא
J אFאEא J א J אא J א J אא J א J א J אא J א J א J א
![Page 121: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٠ -
Lא
אאאאKאKאאאאאאאK
אאאאK אאאאא
אאאKאאאאאאKאאא
،אאאאאאאאאאK
אF٥ J٣Eאv
![Page 122: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١١ -
אF٥ J٤Eא
Lא אאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאאא،
،אאאאKאאאאאא
אאאK
אאW
١K אאאא ٢K א ٣K ٤K א
![Page 123: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٢ -
٥K א ٦K ٧K א ٨K
אאא،אאאא
אKאאאאKאאאאאא
אKאאאאאKאאא
אאאW ١K אK ٢K אאאאאאאא
אאאאא،אK ٣K אאאK
אאאאאא
אאKאאאאאאK
Lא אW
• אאא • אאאא • אאאאא • אאאא
![Page 124: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٣ -
אאאאW • אא • אא • א
אאאאא
• אאאא • א • • א • אאאא • • א •
،אאאK
אאאאKאאאאאאאאאא
KKאאKאאא،
אא،אאאK
אאאאW אאFאEאאא
FאKEאKאאKאאאאאא
אKאאאK
![Page 125: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٤ -
אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאK
F٥–٥Eאא
![Page 126: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٥ -
אF٥ J٦Eאאאא
אLFאE
אאאאW אאאא •• אא • אאאאא
אאW
אאKאאאK
אKאאאאאאKאאאKאאאאאאK
אאאאאא
![Page 127: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٦ -
אאאKאאאאאא١٨٠אאK
אW
א א א
FE
א
א
אאאאא
אאאא
،אאאאא
אאאא
אKא
אאא
א
FE
אאאאא،אא
![Page 128: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٧ -
אF٥ J٧Eאאאאא
אF٥ J٨Eאא
![Page 129: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٨ -
א אאאאאאKא
אKאאאאאאאא
אאאK
אW ١K ٢K ٣K א ٤K א
אF٥ J٩Eא
![Page 130: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١١٩ -
Lאא
אאW • אא • אאא • א • אא
אאאאאW
• אא • אאאא • אא
אאאאאאאW
• א • א • א • א
אW
אאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאא
אאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאKאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK
![Page 131: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٠ -
אF٥ J١٠Eאאא
F٥–١١Eאאאאאאאא
![Page 132: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢١ -
Lא אאאאK
אF٥ J١٢Eא
אW • אא • אא • אאאא • אאא • אאאאאא……K
אאאאW • א • אאאא • אאאאא • אאא
![Page 133: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٢ -
אאאאאאW
• • א • א
• א
F٥–١٣Eא
F٥–١٤Eאאא
![Page 134: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٣ -
F٥–١٥Eאאא
אאאאאאאא
،אאאאK٥אאאאאKאאKא١٠٠אKא
אאאאKאאKאאאK
אאFאEאאKאאK
אאאאאאVאאKאאאא،
אאאאאאא١٢٠ºאKאאא
א
![Page 135: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٤ -
KאאאאאאKאK
אאאאאאאKא،אאאאאKאאא
FEאאKאאאאאאאאKא
אK
אW אאאFE
אאאאKאאאאאאא
אאאאK
F٥–١٦Eא
![Page 136: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٥ -
אא
אאאאאאאאאW
• אאאאא • אאאא • אא • אא
אאאאKאאאאאאKאאאאא
KאאאאK
F٥–١٧Eאאא
الحذافة عمود المرفق
![Page 137: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٦ -
אא
א
א • אFאאאKE • אאאK • אאK • אאאK • אאא
א
אאאאאאKאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאKאאאאאאא
אאאאKאאאאאאKאאאFאEאא
Kאאאאא
![Page 138: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٧ -
אא א אFאאE
אא אאא
אאא א
אאא א
א א
אא
אאא،אא،א،א،אאאאKא
אאאKאאאאאאאאאא
אKאאאאKאאK
אאW
אא אFאEאאFאKE
א אאאאאאאאא
אFאEאאFאKE
![Page 139: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٨ -
א
אאאאאאאאאK
אא
אאאאKאאאאK
אא אאאאאאאאאאK
א
אאאאאאאK
א
אFאא JאאאE،אאאא
אאK
א אאא
אKאאאאאאK
![Page 140: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٢٩ -
א אאאאK
א
אאK
אW אא אא אאא
א K א א א אא אאאKאאא
אאאאאאאאאאK
F٥–١٨Eא
![Page 141: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٠ -
אW א א Kא ، א
אאא KאאKאאK
א א א K א א א א אא אא א א א K
אאאאאאאK
F٥–١٩Eא
![Page 142: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣١ -
אW אאW
• אWאאFאE • אWאאאK
אאאKאאאאאאאאאא
٤٥אאאאאאKאא،אאK
א א א א Kא אאK
F٥–٢٠Eאא
![Page 143: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٢ -
אW אF٣٠ W٥٠ Eא ٦٠
א، א אאאאאא
אאK
F٥–٢١Eא
אW א K א אא א
אאאאאאK
F٥–٢٢Eא
![Page 144: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٣ -
אאW
אא א א K אאאאKאאא
אא،K
F٥–٢٣Eאא
אאW א א א א אא א א
א א א א א א Kא א א א א א א
אאאאKFEאאאאK
![Page 145: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٤ -
אאאFאWE א א א א א א K
אאאK
F٥–٢٤Eאאא
אW א א א א K א
FאאEאאאאאאKאאאK
א،אאאאאאאKאאK
אאא א אאאא K אאאאאאא
אאאאאאK אאאאאאא
אא،אK
![Page 146: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٥ -
אאאאW אאאאאאK
אא א א א אאאאאאאK Kא
אאאאאאאאאאK אאאאא
אK
א א א א אאאאאK
א א א א F א E ?אא ?אאאאאא K
אאאאאאK
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ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٦ -
אאW
א א אא א א א אא K א א
אאKאאK אאW
אאאKאאאאK
א א א א א אאאאא
אK
F٥–٢٥Eאא
![Page 148: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٧ -
אאW א א א
אKאאאא
F٥–٢٦Eאא
Wאאא אאאKאאאאא
אאK
F٥–٢٧Eאאא
![Page 149: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א א
- ١٣٨ -
![Page 150: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
אאאא
אא
א
א
א
א
٦
![Page 151: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٠ -
אא
אאא،א،אK אWאK אWאאאאאאא
אאאאאKאאאאאאK
אWאאאאאK אWאKאא
אFKE אWאאאאאאא
אאKא١W٨א١W١٦K
אאאKאאא،אאאK
אWאKאאאאאK
אWאאאאאאאK
אאWאאאאאאאFאאKE
אאWאאאאאאK
אאאWאאאאאK
![Page 152: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤١ -
Lאא
אWאאאאאאאKאאאאאK
אWאKאKאאאאאK
אZאCאCא
אF٦ J١Eאאא
![Page 153: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٢ -
F٦ J٢EאFאא
Lא
אאאאאאאKאWאאא
אאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאא
אאFאאE،אאKאא١W٨١W١٦אK
الحجم الكلي لألسطوانة =
الحجم الكلي لغرفة االحتراق
الحجم فوق المكبس عند النقطة الميتة السفلى =نسبة االنضغاط
ياالحجم فوق المكبس عند النقطة الميتة العل
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ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٣ -
Lא
אWאאאאאאאאKאK
אאאאאאאאאK
אא אאאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאאאאאKאאא٧٥٪٩٥K٪
אאFאE אאאאאאא
אאאKאאאאאKאאאאאאאFאא
אאאאKEאאאאאאאאKאאאא
אאKאאא٩}٠אאא٦}٠אאK
אא٦}١אא٢}١אאK אאא
אאאאאאKאאאאאאאK
الطاقة الخارجة من المحرك =آفاءة المحرك
الطاقة الداخلة إلى
×١٠٠ %
![Page 155: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٤ -
אאאKאאאKאאאא٢٥W١٢٢٥W٣٥אK
אLא אWאKאאאאKאא(N-m)א(kg-m)،א
(ft-lb)אאK אWאKאאאK
אא(kW)(HP)K
אz JZxאzxCאzx
אzאZxאz JxCאאאz١\x
אאאאKאא
אאאKאאאK
١٩٥٥٠
( )ثابت تحويل ×] دقيقة\لفه[سرعة الدوران×]متر-نيوتن[عزم الدوران=
درة المحركالعالقة بين سرعة المحرك وعزم وق ) ٣-٦(شكل
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ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٥ -
אא אא
אאאאאאאK
אאא،אאאאKאאאא
אאאאאאKאאאאא،א،א،א
אא،א،،אאאKאאאאאאא
אKאאאK אאאאאא
אא،אאW Jאאאאא،אא،אאא،אאאK Jאאאא
אאאKאK JאאאKא
אKאאאKאא
٣٥LאKאKאאאא
אאK JאאאאאאאK
![Page 157: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٦ -
JאאאאאאאK
JאאאאאאאאאK
JאאאאאאK
JאאאאאאאאאK
JאאאאאאK
אאא
אאאאאאKאאאאאK
אאאאW J אא J אאא J אא J אא J אא
J אא J אא J א
![Page 158: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٧ -
F٦J٤Eאאא
Lאא אאאאא
אאאאאא،אאאKאאאא
אאKאאאאKאאא
אאאא،אK،אאאאאאאא
אא(PCV)אאאאאK
אאאW
J אאK J אאאאאא אאK J אאאא
J אאאאKא
אאK
![Page 159: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٨ -
فحص التسريب الداخلي للزيت/ يًاأنثא אאאא
אFאאאאE. :مصادر التسريب الداخلي للزيت
Jא
JאFאאאE
Jא
Jא
אאאאאאאאKאא
K
F٦ J٥EאאאFאאאאאאאאKE
![Page 160: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٤٩ -
فحص عادم المعدة/ ثالثًا אאאאאאאK
אאאאKא،אאאאאאא
אאאK
אW
J אאאאאFא،א،אE
J אאאא
אאאאW אאאאאאא
אאאKאאאאאא،אא
אאאאKאאאאK
F٦J٦EאאאאאאאאFאאE
![Page 161: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٠ -
مصادر الصوت بالمحرك)٧-٦(شكل
אLאאא אאא
KאאK אאאא
אאאKאK
אאאKאאאאאאא
אאKאאאאאאאאK
مصادر الضوضاء بالجزء السفلي بالمحرك يبين ) ٨-٦(شكل.
![Page 162: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥١ -
خبط المكبس يوضح) ٩-٦(شكل
אW א Jאא Jאאא J
אאKאא،אאKאאא
אK
אW
אKאאKאאאKאאאK
אFאWE
אאאאK
אאWאFאאKEאאאאא٣٥LK
אאאK
![Page 163: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٢ -
ءمصادر الضوضا) ١٠-٦(شكل بمجموعة الصمامات
אWKאK
אW
אאאאKאKאאא
אKאאאאK
אW
אא J JאאKאא
אאאK
אא Jאא Jא Jאא JאK
![Page 164: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٣ -
توصيلة اختبار ضغط)١١-٦(كلش
المحرك زيت
א:
אאאא، אאאא،
אאאאאK
Lאא אא،אאא
אאאאK
אאאאW
Jאא
Jא
Jא
Jא
JאF،א،אאאE
אאאאאאKאאא٢٠٠٠LK
![Page 165: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٤ -
اختبار تسريب سائل التبريد )١٢-٦(شكل
Lא
אאאאאKאאאK
אאאאא،אאאאאאK
אאאאאW
Jא
Jא
Jא
Jאאאאאא
JאאאאK
אאאאאאKאאאאא
KאאאK
![Page 166: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٥ -
طريقة توصيل مبين الضغط)١٣-٦(شكل
Lאא
אKאאאאאאאאKא
א،אאאאאK
אאאאאאאK
אאW
Jאא
JאאFאאאאאEאאאאאאאK
![Page 167: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٦ -
אאאאאאאאFאEאא،אאאא
אK
אאאאאאאאKאאאFE
אאאאK
אאא،אאאאK
JאאאאאאאאאאFאאאKE
JאאאאאK
JאאאאאאאאאK
JאאאאאאאKאאאאאאא
אK
.طريقة إجراء اختبار الضغط الجاف والمبلل) ١٤-٦(شكل
![Page 168: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٧ -
األسطوانةاختبار تسريب ) ١٥-٦(شكل
Lאא
אאאאאאKאאאאא،
אאאאאאאK
אא٪١٠٠٪אK٢٠٪אK
אאאK
אאאW
• אFאאE • אFאאE • אFאאE
![Page 169: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٨ -
• אאאFאאE • אFאאE
Lאא אאאאא،אא
אאאאאאאאFEאאאאK
אאאאאK
אאאאW
• • • • א • א • א • א • א • אL • אא • א • אאא
![Page 170: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٥٩ -
التخلخل اختبار) ١٦-٦(شكل
אאאאאKאאאKאאא١٥ J٢٠F
אאאKE
אאאאאKאאFKEאאK
GאאאאFאEא٥אKאאאK
![Page 171: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٦٠ -
اختبار اتزان قدرة ) ١٧-٦(شكل
אLאאא
אאאא،אאאאאK
אאאאאאא،אאאF
אאEאK
GאאאאאKאאאאאאא
KאאאאאאאאאאאK
![Page 172: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٦١ -
:قراءة لمحرك طبيعيي :تكون قراءة المبين
زئبق -صةبو ٢٢إلى ١٨من ويكون المؤشر ثابت
:ضعف ياي صمام القراءة تكون طبيعية عن السرعة
الخاملة ولكن يبدأ المؤشر في .االهتزاز عند زيادة السرعة
:تسريب أو حرق صمام تنخفض القراءة آل مرة يفتح .فيها الصمام
:تآآل دليل الصمام المؤشر يهتز بسرعة عند السرعة
الخاملة ولكن يرجع لوضعه الطبيعي عند زيادة السرعة
:انسداد في مسار العادم عند زيادة السرعة فجأة ال
المؤشر للصفر بسرعة ديعو
:تسريب في مجمع السحب ٩- ٣ن قراءة منخفضة في حدود م
. زئبق عن الطبيعي -بوصة تسريب حشوة مجمع سحب أو
تسريب صمام الخانق
:مشاآل في نظام الوقود المؤشر يتأرجح ببطء نتيجة خليط مشاآل في المغذى أو (وقود فقير
)حقن الوقود
:صمام معلق المؤشر يتأرجح بتردد غير ثابت
) أحيانًا(
:انسداد في مدخل الهواء انسداد في ، قراءة عالية وثابتة قي الهواء أو تعليق صمام بدء من
)الشفاط(اإلدارة
جدول يوضح األشكال النمطية لمبين التخلخل للحاالت المختلفة
![Page 173: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א א
א
- ١٦٢ -
![Page 174: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
אאאאאא
אא
א
א
א
א
א
א
٧
![Page 175: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٤ -
אא אאא
אאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאK
Kאאאאאאאאא
אאאW ١K אאאK ٢K אאאאFאKE ٣K אFEאאK
אאאאאKאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאKאאאאF
אE،אאK
אאFאאEאאאאאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٥ -
F٧ J١Eאא
אFאEא
אאאאאאא
א٥٠٠٥אאאאאאאK
![Page 177: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٦ -
F٧ J٢Eאא
אאאא אאאאW אאאאאאאאאאאKKKKאאאאאאא
FאאאאEאאאאאK
אאW אאאאאאאאאK
![Page 178: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٧ -
אאאא
א אאאאאא
א
FCOE
٩٣א٪ אא٧٪
אאא
אFא
א٤٠א J٣٠PPMEGF١KE
אFHCE
אא٥٧א٪ א
٤٣٪
א
אאא
אFNOXE
אא٣٩א٪ א،
א،٦١א٪
،אא،،אאא
،אאאאא א
NO2)Eא٣-5PPMK
אא١0-30PPM
،אאא٣0-50PPM
אא
אא
G١PPMWאאאאK
![Page 179: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٨ -
![Page 180: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٦٩ -
אאא אאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאK
אW WאאW
אאאאאאKאאאא
אאאאאאאאאK
F٧ J٣Eאאא
![Page 181: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٠ -
WאאאאW
אאאאאאאאאאK
אW ١K אאאאK ٢K אאאאK ٣K אאאאאK ٤K אאאאאK ٥K אK
WאאאאW אאאאאא
אKאW ١K אאאאKאאאאK ٢K אאאFאEאאאאK
אWאאאאW אאאאK
WאאW אאאאאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧١ -
F٧ J٤EאאאEGR
אא PCVW
אאאאKאאאאא
אאאK
אאאאאאאאאאא،אא
אאאאאאאאא
אאאPCV אאאK אאאא
אאאאאאאK
אאאאKאאאאאאאא
אאאאK
![Page 183: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٢ -
אאאאW
• אFאאKE • אאK • אאאאאאK
![Page 184: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/184.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٣ -
אא
אאFאE
אאאאאאאאאאאא،אKאאא
אאאאאאאאא،אאאאא،א
אאאאאKאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאW ١ JאLאא
אאK ٢ Jאאאאאא
אאK ٣ JאאFEאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאאK
אK
![Page 185: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/185.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٤ -
F٧ J٥E
אאאא
١Kא٢Kאא ٣K٤K ٥K٦K ٧Kא٨Kאא ٩Kא١٠Kא
١١Kא١٢Kא ١٣Kא١٤Kא
١٥Kאא١٦K ١٧K١٨Kא
![Page 186: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/186.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٥ -
F٧ J٦Eאאא
אאאאאא،אאאאאאאאאא
אאאאKאאאאאאאא
אאאאKאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٦ -
F٧ J٧Eא
אאאאאVאאאC אאאאT
אאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאK
![Page 188: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/188.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٧ -
F٧ J٨EאאאV
אא אאאאאא
אאאCאאTא،אאאא
אFLAPSאאאא٢٥٪אאאא٥٠٪
אאאאאאאא٧٥٪אאאאא١٠٠א٪אאאא
אאK
![Page 189: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/189.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٨ -
F٧ J٩EאאV٤٢אא
אא אאאאאV
אאאFLAPאאאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאאאאVK
![Page 190: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/190.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٧٩ -
F٧ J١٠Eאא
![Page 191: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٨٠ -
אא אאאאאא،
FEאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאא،
אא٥}٤٦K٪אאאאK
F٧ J١١Eאאא
![Page 192: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/192.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٨١ -
א
אאאאFEאאאאאא
אאאאאאFEאאא
אאKאאאאאאאא
אאK אאאאא
אאא،אאאאאא
אאאאאK
F٧ J١٢Eאא
![Page 193: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/193.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٨٢ -
אאאאFאEא אאאאאאא،
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאאF
-Eאאאאאאאאא،א
אאאאאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאא
אאאאא،אאאאאאא
אאאK
![Page 194: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/194.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אאא
- ١٨٣ -
F٧ J١٣Eאאאאא
F٧ J١٤Eא
![Page 195: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/195.jpg)
אא
אא
א
א
٨
![Page 196: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٣ -
− אאאW ١–אאאFKK=Top Dead Center = T . D . CWE
אאאFאEאF٨ J١EK
F٨ J١EאK ٢–אאאFKK=Bottom Dead Center = T . D . C ( W
אאאFאEאK ٣–אאFאE( Piston Strokr ) W אאאאאאאאאא
אFאKE ٤–אאFאאE( Compression – space Volume ) אאאFאEאאאFKKE
אK
![Page 197: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٤ -
٥–אאFאאE( Piston Displacement ) W אאאאאאאא
אאK אא
FEאאאWאאW ١–אאאFאEאאK ٢–אאאFאEאאK ٣–אאאFאEאK ٤–אאאאאאאאאK
אאא) stroke –Four (
،אאאאאK
١–אFٍSuction StrokeEW
אאאאFKKEאאאFKKE،אFאEאאאKאא
אאאאאאא،אא( 100 m/sec )אאFאEא
אF٨ J٢EKאאאא)0.8
bar ( 0.9 bar אאאא 0.1 bar ) ( 0.2 barאא( 180° )K
![Page 198: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٥ -
F٨ J٢EאK
− אאFאE( Volumetric Efficiency )
אאאאאאFאאEW • אFאEW
،א،אאאK • W
אKK • FאאEW
אאFEK • אאW
אאאאאאK • FEאאאW
א،אאאK • אאW
אאאKאאאK • אW אא،אאאאK
![Page 199: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٦ -
٢–אFCompression StrokeEW אאאאאאאFKKEאאאFKKEאאאאא،אא
אאאK،אאbar ) ١٢ .( 14 bar
אאאא( 180° )،אא)١٨0° + 180° = 360°(F٨ J٣EK
אW
F٨ J٣Eא
אאW ١–אאאאאK ٢–אאאאאאאK ٣–אאאאאK
![Page 200: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٧ -
٤–אאK
אW אאאאאK
− אε=FאאHאE÷ א
⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ +
=Vc
VcVcy ε
٣–א) Power Stroke ( W א)Expansion Stroke (אאא،
אאאאאKאאאאאאאFKKEאא
אFKKEאאאFאEא FאEKאאאא
( 180° ))٣٦0° + 180° = 540° (.אאא ( 2 cm )F٨ J٤E.
)٨ J٤Eא
![Page 201: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٨ -
٤–א) Exhaust Stroke (W
אאאאאאאFKKEאאאFKKEאFאEא،אאא
אאאאאKאאאK
אאאא( 180° ) ) ٥40° + 180° = 720 ° ( F٨ J٥EK
אW
F٨ J٥Eא
![Page 202: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/202.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٨٩ -
٣–)In line Engine (.
V
F٨ J٦Eא
אאא ( Engine Power ) א،א،אFE
אאאא…KאW ١–אאW
אאאאאאאאאא،אאKא
אאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאW ١–אא( )kw
1200p . Vs
Pin . i⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
٢–אא( )kw
600p . Vs
Pin . i⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
![Page 203: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٠ -
אאא = Pi אא )kw ( =Vs אאא)L (
= n א) r.p.m.( = pi אאא )bar (
٢–אאFאEBreaking (effective ) PowerW
אאאא،אאFEאאאK ( Peff )
אאאאאW
אאא = Peff אא )kw (
= M א) N.m.( = n א) r.p.m.(
א
١W אא٢٧50 r.p.m n =אאאpi = 8.5 bar
אאאVs = 2.21 LאאאPiK
–א )Data (W–אא, pi = 8.5 barn = 2750 r.p.m , Vs = 2.21 L ,
–א )Request (W–אא)? =Pi (
( ) kw 9550
n .MPeff =
![Page 204: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/204.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩١ -
) kw 43.05 =1200
275021.25.8=1200
n.Vs.ip=Pi ×× (W– Solution – الحـل
٢W
M = 200 N.m٣٣10 r.p.m n =אאאPeffK –א )Data (W–٣٣10 r.p.m , M = 200 N.m n = –א )Request (W–אא)? = Peff (
) kw 69.3193 =
12000313200=
9550n.M=Peff
× (W– Solution – الحـل
٣W אZ = 4٨0 mm= d ١١0 mmS =
n = 2750 r.p.mאאא pi = 8.5 bar אאF = 177 N אאא0.6 mL =אW
١EאMN.mK ٢EאאאPeffkw K ٣EאאPikwK ٤EאאηmK
–א )Data (W–Z = 4،٨0 mm =d ،١١0 mmS =،n = 2750 r.p.m
pi = 8.5 bar ،F = 177 N ،0.6 mL = –א )Request (W ١Eא)? =M (N.mK ٢Eאאא)? =Peff (kw K ٣Eאא)? =Pi (kwK
![Page 205: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٢ -
٤ Eאא)? =ηm .(
) ( )
L 2.21=1000
56.2210Vs
cm 2210.56 =4118 0.785 = Z. S .A = Vs 32
=
×× Solution : ( – א
١ )
M = F . L = 177 60100
106.2 N.m× =
2 )
ΡΜ
eff . = n
9550 = 106.2
9550 = 30.58 kw× 2750
3 )
Pi = p . Vs . n = 8 2750 = 43.05 kweff
12005 2 21
1200. .× ×
4 )
ηm = P
Pi=
43.05= 0.71eff 30 58.
Jא( Engine Torque ) W
אאא،אאאאKאא
FאEW ١–אאFאE( Peff )( n )K ٢–אאאאאאאK
![Page 206: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/206.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٣ -
}) N.m (
n9550 . Peff M ={١ -
2 - {M = F . L ( N.m )}
אאא
= Peff אא )kw ( = M א)N.m (
= n א) r.p.m.(
= F אא )N ( = L אא)m (
١W אא Mn = 3750 r.p.m.אPeff = 75 kwK
–א )Data (W–٣٧50 r.p.m , Peff = 75 kw n = –א )Request (W–)? =M (
) N.m 191 =3750
095575=n9550.P=M eff × (W Solution – الحـل
٢W א MאאF = 130 Nאאאאא
L = 0.955 m K –א )Data (WL = 0.955 m , F = 130 N –א )Request (W)? =M (
) M = F . L = 130 × 0.955 = 124.15 N.m (W Solution – الحـل
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٤ -
− FEאηm( Engine Efficiency ) ،אאKאא
אאאאאא،KFηmKEאאאW
⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡
PiP= eff
mη
אאא
= ηm א = Pi אא )kw (
= Peff אא )kw (
١W אאηm אPi = 95 kwאPeff = 75 kwK
–א )Data (W– Pi = 95 kw , Peff = 75 kw –א )Request (W–א)? =ηm (
) 0.7894 ==P=9575
Pim effη (W Solution – الحـل
٢W
אאאPeff אPi = 85 kwηm = 0.75 K –א )Data (W– Pi = 85 kw , ηm = 0.75 –א )Request (W–א)? =ηm (
) ( )kw 75.6375.085Pi=P meff =×× =η (W Solution – الحـل
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٥ -
٣W
אאאPiאηm = 0.8 אPeff = 80 kw –א )Data (W– , ηm = 0.8 ، Peff = 80 kw –א )Request (W–אא)? = Pi (
) ( )kw 100 ==P=Pi8.0
80m
effη
(W Solution – الحـل
אאאאא ١–אאאא( Vcy ) W
אאאאאאאאאאאFאאE ( Vcy )FF٨ J٧EKא
אאאאאW
( )3
2cm S .
4 . d S .A Vcy ⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ Π==
( )3cm Vs Vcy ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡ =
Z
F٨ J٧Eאאאא( Vcy )
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٦ -
אאא
= Vcy אאאא)cm3 ( = d אFcm (
= A א)cm2 ( = S א )cm ( = Vs אאא)cm3 ( = Z אK
١W
אאאאאVcyאA = 50 cm2 אS = 8 cmK
–א )Data (W– A = 50 cm2 , S = 8 cm –א )Request (W–אאF? = Vcy E
) ⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛× 3cm 400=805=S .A =Vcy (W Solution – الحـل
٢–אאאVsW
אאאאאאKאאאא ( Vcy )א( Z )Kאא
אאאW
( )32
cm Z. S . 4
. d Z. S .A .Vs ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ Π=== ZVcy
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٧ -
אאא
= Vs אאא)cm3 ( = d א)cm (
= A א)cm2 ( = S א )cm ( = Z א
٢W
Z = 4d = 6 cm אS = 9 cmאאאאVsK
–א )Data (W S = 9 cm , Z = 4 , d = 6 cm –א )Request (Wאאא)? = Vs (
) ( )
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛Π
Π
××
=
32
2
cm 1017.36 =4 9 4
6 =Vs
Z. S . 4
d Z. S .A =Vs
.
.
(W Solution – الحـل
٣–אVcW
אאאK
( Vc )אאאאW
( )3cm
1cy Vc ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡
−=εV
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٨ -
אאא
= Vc א)cm3 ( = Vcy אאאא)cm3 (
ε = א
٣W אאcm3 Vcy = 600 א ε = 21 : 1
אאVcK
–אFDataWE , ε = 21 : 1 Vcy = 600 cm3 –אFRequestEWאF? = Vc E
) ⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛=
−−3cm 30
121006=
1cy =Vc
εV (W Solution – الحـل
٤–אFεE
אאא،אאאKאεFEpsilonEא
אאאW
)) ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ +
=Vc
VcVcy ε
⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ += 1
VcVcy ε
⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
min , Vcmax ,Vcn ε
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ١٩٩ -
F٨ J٨EאFεE
אאא
ε = א = Vc א)cm3 ( = Vcy אאאא)cm3 (
٤W
אאcm3 Vcy = 650 א cm3 Vc = 50 אא ε K –אFDataWE , Vc = 50 cm3 Vcy = 650 cm3 –אFRequestWEאF? = ε E
) 1:1450506=
VcVccy =
50=++Vε (W– Solution – الحـل
٥–אאאאW
אאאאאאאKאאא( 10 % )א
( 10 % , 5 % ) אρ = 0.71 kg/L KאאאאאאאW
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٠ -
א א
( kg/L )
אאאא ( kg/kg )( m3/kg )
א 0.75
١٤.8 ١١.5
אא 0.78
١٤.2
١١.0
א 0.84
١٤.5 ١١.2
0.80 ١٤.0 ١0.8
١W
א m3 אא 100 km אאאV = 8.5 L/100 kmא ρ = 0.71 kg/L
אאא١0א % =K
–אFDataWE , V = 8.5 L/100 km ρ = 0.71 kg/L –אFRequestWE m3 אאF? = m3 E
) (W– Solution – الحـل ١–א M = v . ρ = 8.5 × 0.71 = 6.035 kg ٢– ١ kg אאW ١١.6 + 10 % = 11.6 + 1.16 = 12.76 m3 ٣– ٦.035 kgאאW٦.035 × 12.76 = 76.996 m3
![Page 214: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/214.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠١ -
א − אא( Vm )א( Vmax ) אאאא ( S )א
( n ) KאאאאKאא( Vm ) ( 14 m/s )אK
א( Vm )א( Vmax )F٨ J٩KEאאW
( ) m/sec
60n . S . 2=Vm ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡
[ ] ( )m/sec Vm1.6Vmax ×≈
F٨ J٩Eאא( Vm )א( Vmax ) אאא
= Vm אא)m/s ( = Vmax אא)m/s (
= n א)r.p.m. ( = S א )m (
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٢ -
١W
n = 4000 r.p.m. S = 76 mmאW ١–אאVm ؟ ٢–אאVmax ؟
–א )Data (W– n = 4000 r.p.m , S = 76 mm –א )Request (W–١–אא)? =Vm (
٢–אא)? =Vmax ( ) (W Solution – الحـل
١ )
( )m/sec 13.10 60
40000.0762 60
n.S.2=Vm =××=
2 )
( )m/sec 16.210.131.6Vm 6.1Vmax =×=×≈
٢W
אאVm = 15 m/s אאn = 3000 r.p.m.א ( S ) K
–א )Data (Wn = 3000 r.p.m , Vm = 15 m/s –א )Request (Wא )? =S (
)
mm150 10000.15
m 15.03000 2
60 15=S
n . 260.Vm=S
60n.S.2=Vm
=×=
=××
⇒
(W Solution – الحـل
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٣ -
٣W אאא ( Vm ) אאVmax = 20 m/s K
–א )Data (W Vmax = 20 m/s –א )Request (Wאא)? = Vmax (
) ( ) m/s 12.5 =
6.120=
6.1Vmax =Vm (W Solution – الحـل
− אאMean Effective Pressure = MEP )(
אאאאFאEא( pmax , po )א،אאא
א( pi )Kאאאאא( n )אאא،אא
( n )אאW ( )bar
npppp
=p h.....32 1i ⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ ++++
אאא
= pi אא) bar ( = pmax אאא) bar (
= n א
אא א אאאאאאאא
F٨ J١٠Eאא،אאאW
![Page 217: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/217.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٤ -
( N ) ] [ Fi = A . pi
F٨ J١٠Eאא אK
אאא
= Fi القوة المؤثرة على سطح الكباس) N ( = pi אא) bar (
= A سطح الكباس) Cm2 (
] 1 bar = 10 N/cm2 [
١W A = 70 cm2אאN/cm2pi = 300
אאאא ( Fi )K –א )Data (WA = 70 cm2،N/cm2pi = 300 –אFRequestEWאאא F? =FiE
) ( )N 2100030070 ip.A =Fi =×= (W Solution – الحـل
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٥ -
אאא
אאאאאא،אאKאאא
אKאאאF٨ J١١KEאאאFאEאFאE
אא( Overlap ) K
F٨ J١١Eא − = S.oא − = S.cא − = E.oא
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٦ -
− = E.cא
א אאאאא( L∝)אd
אאאאא( TDC )אאא( BDC ) אאא( L∝)אאW
( )mm
360 . d . L ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ Π
=αα
( ) S
360.06 . ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ =
nt α
אאא = L∝ אאא )mm ( = d אא)mm (
= ∝ אא)° ( = t א )Sec ( = n א )r.p.m (
= σאא)° (
= S.oא( Inlet Opens )
= S.cא( Inlet Closes ) = E.oא( Exhaust Opens ) = E.cא(Exhaust Closes )
= σאא( Overlap )
١W אאd = 300 mm n = 5400 r.p.m.א
אאW
![Page 220: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/220.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٧ -
א(S.o))٣9° (אאא( T.D.C. ) א(S.c))93° (אאא( B.D.C. ) א(E.o))٦5° (אאא( B.D.C. ) א(E.c))٤٥° (אאא( T.D.C. )
–אFDataWE , d = 300 mm n = 5400 r.p.m. –אFRequestEW
Eאאאא( ∝Ev , ∝ Sv ) EאאאσK Eא(L∝)א(S.o)(S.c)
Eא(t)אאK
أ( ∝ Sv = 39° +180° + 93° = 312° ) (W Solution – الحـل
∝ Ev = 65° +180° + 45° = 290°
ب( σ = 39° + 45° = 84°
ج(
( )mm 816.8 360
300312 360
. d . L ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ =
°Π××°
=°Π
=αα
د(
( ) S 0.0089 360540060290
360.06 . =
°××°
=⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ =
nt α
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٨ -
אאא
אאW
١–אאW( ) kw 1200
p . Vs Pi
n . i⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
٢–אאW( ) kw 600
p . Vs Pi
n . i⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
אאW ( ) kw 9550
n . MP fef = אW
) N.m ( n9550 . Peff M =
M = F . L
אאW⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡
PiP= eff
mη
אאW
( )3
2cm S .
4 . d S .A Vcy ⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ Π==
( )3cm Vs Vcy ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ =
Z
אאאW
( )32
cm Z. S . 4
. d Z. S .A .Vs ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ Π=== ZVcy
![Page 222: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/222.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢٠٩ -
אאא
אאאW
( )3cm
1cy Vc ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡
−=εV
אW
⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ +
=Vc
VcVcy ε ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡ += 1
VcVcy ε
⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
min , Vcmax ,Vcn ε
אאW ( ) m/sec
60n . S . 2=Vm ⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡
אאW [ ] ( ) m/sec Vm 6.1Vmax ×≈
אאW ( )bar
npppp
=p h.....32 1i ⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡ ++++
אאאW ( N ) ] [ Fi = A . pi
אW( )L/h
C .t Q m ⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡
∆=
אאW( )1/h mm Z
T⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡=
![Page 223: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/223.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢١٠ -
אאא Pi אא )kw (
piאאא )bar (
Peffאא )kw ( Mא) N.m.(
n א) r.p.m.( F אא )N (
L אא)m ( ηm א
Zאא( 1/h )mא( L/h )
mTאFאE( L , kg )Qאאאא( kJ )
∆tאא( K )Cאאאא( kJ/kg.k )
Fiאאא )N ( pmaxאאא) bar ( Vm אא)m/s (
Vmax אא)m/s ( Vcא)cm3 (
Vcyאאאא)cm3 ( Vsאאא)cm3 (
Aא)cm2 ( Sא )cm (
dא)cm (
![Page 224: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/224.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א א
- ٢١١ -
Zא εא
![Page 225: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/225.jpg)
٢٣٩
אאאא
אא
א
א
א
א
٩
![Page 226: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/226.jpg)
ثقل ١٧٢ א אאאאא א אא
- ٢١٣ -
١K ؟אאא ٢K ؟א ٣K ؟א ٤K א אאאא؟ ٥K אאאאאK ٦K ؟אאא
٧K ؟א ٨K ؟א ٩K ؟א
١٠K א؟אא ١١K א؟אא ١٢K אאאא؟א ١٣K אאא؟אא ١٤K א؟אאא ١٥K אאא؟ ١٦K ؟אא
١٧K ؟א
١٨K ؟א
١٩K ؟א
٢٠K ؟אא
٢١K א؟אאאא
٢٢K ؟א
![Page 227: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/227.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٤ -
٢٣K אאאא؟א
٢٤K ؟אא
٢٥K אא؟א
٢٦K ؟ ٢٧K אאאאאאאא؟א ٢٨K ؟אאא ٢٩K ؟א ٣٠K ؟א ٣١K אאאא؟א ٣٢K א؟א ٣٣K א؟א ٣٤K אאאK ٣٥K אאאK ٣٦K א؟א ٣٧K אאאK ٣٨K אאאK ٣٩K ؟אא ٤٠K א؟אא ٤١K א؟א ٤٢K אאא؟ ٤٣K ؟אא ٤٤K א؟אא ٤٥K ؟אא ٤٦K אאא؟א ٤٧K אאאא؟אא ٤٨K אאאאKאK ٤٩K ؟אא
![Page 228: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/228.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٥ -
٥٠K אאאK ٥١K אאאא؟ ٥٢K א؟ ٥٣K אא؟א ٥٤K ؟א ٥٥K א؟א ٥٦K ؟א ٥٧K אא؟א ٥٨K ؟א ٥٩K ؟אא ٦٠K א؟א ٦١K ؟אא ٦٢K א؟אאאא ٦٣K אאאא؟ ٦٤K ؟א ٦٥K אאאא؟א ٦٦K אאא؟א ٦٧K ؟אא ٦٨K אא؟אאא ٦٩K ؟אא ٧٠K אא؟א ٧١K ؟אאא ٧٢K ؟אאא ٧٣K אאא؟ ٧٤K א؟אא ٧٥K אא؟אאא ٧٦K אאK
![Page 229: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/229.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٦ -
٧٧K אWא –א –א –אK ٧٨K אאאא؟ ٧٩K אW א –א –אK ٨٠K אאאאאאK ٨١K אאאK ٨٢K אאאאK ٨٣K FאEאK ٨٤K אאFאEK ٨٥K אW א –אK ٨٦K אW א –אK ٨٧K אאK ٨٨K אאK ٨٩K אאK ٩٠K אאFאEK
F√E،אאF×EאאW
١–אאאאEF ٢–אאFאEEF ٣–אאאאאאאאאאEF ٤–אאאאאאאאאEF
٥ –אאאאאאEF
٦ – אאאאאFE ٧–אאאאאEF ٨–אאאEF ٩–אאאאאאאEF
١٠–אאאאאאEF ١١–אאאאאאאEF
![Page 230: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/230.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٧ -
١٢–אאאאא אEF ١٣–אאאאאאEF ١٤–אאאאאEF ١٥–אאאEF
F√E،אאF×EאאW ١–אאאאEF ٢–אאאאאאEF ٣–אאאאאאאאEF ٤–אאFאאאEאאאEF ٥–אאאFאאEאאEF ٦–אFEאאאאEF ٧–אאאאאEF ٨–אאאאEF ٩–אאאאאאאEF
١٠–אאאאאאאאאEF ١١–אאאאEF ١٢–אאאאEF ١٣–אאאFEEF ١٤–אאאאאEF ١٥–אאאEF ١٦–אאאאFאEאEF ١٧–אאאאFEאEF ١٨–אאאאEF
١٩–אאאאאאאאEF ٢٠–אאאאEF
![Page 231: محركات الديزل](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081717/555256a4b4c905954f8b55c7/html5/thumbnails/231.jpg)
١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٨ -
F√E،אאF×EאאW
١–אאאאאאEF
٢–אאאאאאאאאEF ٣–אאFאEאאאEF
4 –אאאאאאEF ٥–אאאאEF ٦–אאאאEF
٧–אאאEF
٨–EF
٩–א אאאEF ١٠–אאאאאאאEF ١١–אאאאEF١٢–אFאEאאEF ١٣–אאאאאאEF ١٤–אאאאאאאאFE ١٥–אאאאאEF ١٦–אאאאאאEF ١٧–אאאאאאEF ١٨–אאאאאאEF
١٩–אאאאאEF ٢٠–אאאאEF
F√E،אאF×EאאW ١–אאאאEF ٢–אאאאאEF
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢١٩ -
٣–אאאאאאאEF ٤–אאאאאאאEF ٥–אאאאEF ٦– אFאEאאFאEEF ٧–אאאאאאEF ٨–אFאEאאEF ٩–אאאEF
١٠–אFEאאאEF ١١–אאאFאEאאEF ١٢–אאאאאEF ١٣–אאאאאאEF ١٤–אFאEEF ١٥–אאאאאEF
١٦–אאאEF ١٧–אאEF ١٨–אאאEF ١٩–אאאאאEF ٢٠–אאאאEF
אאאאW
١–אKKKKKKKKKKאאאאFאEK ٢–אאאאאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאK ٣–אKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאFאEK ٤–אאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ٥–אאKKKKKKKKKKKKKאאK ٦–אאאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ٧–אאאאאאKKKKKKKKKKKKאאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢٠ -
٨–אKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאK
אאאאW ١–אKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאאK ٢–אKKKKKKKKKKKKKאאאאא ٣–אאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ٤–אאKKKKKKKKKKאאא( Ethylene Glycol Base )K ٥–אאאאאאאאאKKKKKKKKKKKKK ٦–אKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאא١0 mm )( 20 mmK
אאאאW
١–אאKKKKKKKKKKKאאK ٢–KKKKKKKKKKKKKאאאK
٣–אאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKאאK ٤–אאאKKKKKKKKKKKאאאאK
אאאאW
١–KKKKKKKKKKKאFEאאאאK ٢–אאאאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ٣–אאFאאKKKKKKKKKKKKKEאאK ٤–אאKKKKKKKKKKKKKKאאאK
אאא W
١–אאאאאKKKKKKKKK E( 1 : 20 ) KE( 1 : 30 )KE( 1 : 40 )K ٢–אKKKKKKKKKK
EKEKEK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢١ -
٣–אאKKKKKKKKK EF٧5° c– 95° cKEEF٢٥° c– 95° cKEEF١٥0° c– 950° cKE
٤–אאKKKKKKKKKK EאF،KEEאK EאאאK ٥–אאאKKKKKKK
EKEKEK ٦–אאאאKKKKKKKKK
EאKEאאאKEאF،KE ٧–אאאאKKKKKKKKK
EאאKEאאKEאאK ٨–אאאאאאKKKKKKKK
EאKEאKEאK
אאא W ١–אאאKKKKKKKK
EKEKEאF،KE ٢–אאאאKKKKKKKKK
EאאKEאF،KEEK ٣–אKKKKKKKK
EאאאKEאאKEאאK ٤–אאKKKKKKKK
E( 3 : 1 )KE( 2 : 1 )KE( 4 : 1 )K ٥–אאKKKKKKKK
EאKEאKEאK ٦–אא( SAE 20 W ) אKKKKKKK
EאאKEאKEאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢٢ -
אאא W ١–אאאKKKKKKK
EאאKEאKEאK ٢–אאאאאKKKKKKKK
EE E אF،E ٣–אאאאאאKKKKKKK
EאKEאF،EEאK ٤–אאאאאKKKKKKKK
EאאאKEאאKEK ٥ –אאKKKKKKKKK
EאEאאEFEאK ٦ –אאאKKKKKKK
EאKEאאKEאF،KE ٧–אKKKKKKKKK
EאאאKEאאאKEאאK
אאא W
١–אKKKKK EאאKEאאKEאאK
٢–אאאאKKKK EאאEאאKEאאK
٣–אאאKKKK EאאEאKEאK
٤–אאאאKKKKKKK EאאKEאKEאK
٥–אאאאאאKKKK EאאKEאKEאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢٣ -
٦–אאא אKKKKKKKKK EאKEאאאKEא
٧–אאאאKKKKKKK EאFאKEEאFאKEEאF،E
٨–אFאEKKKKKKK EאKEאKEאF،E
אאאW א א
١–אאK ٢–אאאK ٣–אאFאEK٤–אK ٥–אאאK
EFאאאאK EFאאFKKEאK
EFאאאFKKEFKKEK EFאאאאK EFאאאאK
אא א ١–אאK ٢–אK ٣–אK ٤–אK ٥–אאK ٦–אK ٧–אK ٨–אא
EFאאאאKEFאאאK
EFאא،א EFאאK EFאאאאFאEK EFאאאK
EFאאאאאKEFאאאK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢٤ -
אא א ١–אK ٢–אK ٣–אK ٤–אK ٥–אK ٦–אK
EFאאאK EFאאאאK EFאאאאK EFא،אK EFאK EFאאאאאאאK
א אאאW
אא n = 3770 r.p.m.אאF = 138 Nאא L = 0.955 mאW
١(א MK 2(אאPeffK
אאאW
אאM אאPeff = 90 kwr.p.m. n = 4000؟
אאאW אאFאEPeff = 100 kwאאF = 177 N אאאmL = 0.955אW FEאN.mK FEאnK
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١٧٢ א אא אאא א אא
- ٢٢٥ -
אאאאW אאZ = 6n = 2550 r.p.mא
אא pi = 9.5 bar אא F = 170 N ٨5 mm= d ١٢0א mmS =אאא0.955 mL =אW
١EאMN.mK ٢EאאאPeffkw K ٣EאאPikwK ٤EאאηmK
אאאW
n = 4500 r.p.m. S = 86 mmאW ١–אאVm K ٢–אאVmax K
אאאW
אאא Fi = 5000 Nא A = 50 cm2א א pi K
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ثقل ١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אאא
אא Fuel Supply
אא Fuel Pumpא Fuel Filter
אא Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
א Battery
Gasket
Resistor
א Vanes
א IGNITION SWITCH
א NEGATIVE
א POSITIVE
אא TERMINAL
RESISTER
א FISES
אא MAXIMUM
אא MINIMUM
א Time
א Expansion
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
א Compression
אא Engine Cleaning
א Engine Repair
א Piston
א Cylinder
אא Connecting rod
Noise
אא Exhaust Gas Analyzer
א Frequency
אאא Air tube
א tank
א feeler
אא Flywheel
אFאE Gasket
א rank shaft
א Cam shaft
א Engine block
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
CHARGE
RELAY
א SHORT CIRCUIT
אא CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
א STERTOR
ALTERNATOR
א BATTERY
WIRE
א Gear Box
PUMPאAIR FILTER
אאאAIR FUEL RATIO
אאAIR PRESSURE
אANTINOCK
אאATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
BATTERY
BACKFIRING
BEARING
אBEARING CAPS
אאאאBIG END
אאאBLOW-BY
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אCYLINDER BORE
אאאBOTTOM DEAD CENTER
BRAKE
אאBRAKE HORSEPOWER
אאאBRITISH SYSTEM
אאאCALORIFIC VALUE
CAM
אCAMSHAFT
CARBON
אCARBON DIOXIDE
אCARBON MONOXIDE
אאCARBURETOR
אאCALSIUS SCALE
אאאCENTRIFUGAL FORCE
CHOKE
CLEARANCE
אאCLOSED COOLING SYSTEM
אאCOMBUSTION
אאCOMBUSTION CHAMBER
אCOMPRESSED AIR
אCOMPRESSION GAUGE
אCOMPRESSION RATIO
אCOMPRESSION RINGS
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אCOMPRESSION STROKE
CONDENSER
אאCONROD BEARING
אאCONROD CAP
אאCONROD
אCOOLING FAN
אCOOLING FINS
אCOOLING JACKET
אCOOLING SURFACEאCOOLING SYSTEM
אCRANKSHAFT
אCRANKCASE
אאא STARTERאCRANKPIN
MISSFIRING
אCUTOUT
CYCLE
CYLINDER
אCYLINDER BLOCK
אCYLINDER HEAD
אCYLINDER SLEEVES
אDETONATION
DIESEL CYCLE
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
DIESEL ENGINE
אDRY FRICTION
DRY LINER
DYNAMOMTER
EFFICIENCY
אENERGY
ENGINE
אEXHAUST TURBINE
אEXHAUST MANIFOLD
אEXHAUST PORTS
אEXHAUST STROKE
אEXHAUST VALVE
אEXPANSION STROKE
אאFUEL CONSUMPTION
FAN
אFIRING ORDER
אאFLOAT CHAMBER
אאFLYWHEEL
FOUR STROKE CYCLE
אFRICTION
אFUEL FILTER
אFUEL INJECTION PUMP
אFUEL NOZZLE
אFUEL PUMP
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אFUEL SYSTEM
אFUEL TANK
אGASKET
אGASKET CEMENT
אGASOLINE
אGENERATOR
אאGREASY FRICTION
GOVERNOR
אHEAT EXCHANGER
אאHORSEPOWER
HYDROMETER
אIDLE CIRCUIT
אIDLING SPEED
אIGNITION COIL
אאIGNITION DISTRIBUTOR
אאIGNITION SPARK
אIGNITION SYSTEM
אIGNITION TIMING
אאINDICATED HORSEPOWER
אINTAKE MANIFOLD
אINTAKE STROKE
אINTAKE VALVE
אKNOCK
JET
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אLUBRICATION SYSTEM
אאMAIN BEARING
אאMECHANICAL EFFICIENCYMECHANICAL GOVERNOR
אאאMETRIC SYSTEM
אMUFFLER
אOIL CONTROL RINGS
אOIL FILTER
אOIL PAN
אOIL PUMP
אOIL SEAL
OTTO CYCLE
OVERHEAD VALVE
PISTON
אPISTON PIN
אPISTON PIN BEARING
אPISTON RINGS
אPISTON SKIRT
POLLUTION
PORT
אPOWER STROKE
אאGASES PRESSURE
אPUSH ROD
אאRADIATOR
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
RECIPROCATING MOTION אRING GROOVE
אSCAVENGING
אאSLUDGE
אאSPARK PLUG
אאאSPECIFIC HEAT
אSUPERCHARGER
STRAINER
אFאESTORAGE BATTERY
STROKE
THERMOSTATE
אTHROTTLE VALVE
TIMING
אאאTOP DEAD CENTER
TURBULENCE
TWO STROKE CYCLE
VACUM
VALVE
אVALVE CLEARANCE אVALVE GUIDE
אVALVE HEAD
אאVALVE LIFTER
אVALVE SEAT
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אVALVE STEM
VELOCITY
אאVIBRATION
VISCOSITY
אVOLATILITYVAPOR LOCK
VV- ENGINE
VOLT
אVOLTMETER אVISCOUS FRICTION
אאGASES VOLUME
אאVOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY אWATER JACKET
אWATER PUMP
אWORKאאFאEPiston Stroke
אFאאECompression – space VolumeאאFאאEPiston Displacement אאאFour – stroke
אSuction Stroke אאFאEVolumetric Efficiency
אCompression StrokeאאPower Stroke or Expansion Stroke
אExhaust Stroke
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אEngine Power אאFאEBreaking (effective ) Power
א Engine Torque
FEאηm Engine Efficiency אFאEPiston
Solid – Skirt Piston Split – Skirt Piston
FEPiston with ring holder
אFאEPiston Rings
א Cylinder Hea
אאCombustion Chamber
אMain Fold אSpark Plugs
אאMean Effective Pressure = MEP אFאEValves
אFאEInlet valve אFאEExhaust valve
אא Standard Valve אאא Tulip Valve
אאא Flat Top Valve א Valve Seat
א Valve Guide
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
אא Valve SpringsאCooling System
אאAir Cooling System א Water Cooling System
אFאERadiator אWater Pump
אאא Thermostat אא Air Fan א Fan belt
אFאEא Water Jacketsא Radiator Cap
א Expansion Tank א Cooling Fluid
אFאאEאWater Hoses אא Temperature Sensor
FEא Lubrication System
א Oil Pump א Oil Filter
FEא Dipstick FEא Oil Pan
FEאOil Pipes א Oil Pressure Gauges
א Oil Pressure Regulating Valve א Additives
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١٧٢ א א
אאא א
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ثقل ١٧٢ א אא
אאא א
אא Wאאא
• אאאא Jאא • אאא Jאא • א J • א J • א J • אאאא Jאאא • אKW
אאא–אאא––א١٩٨٦א • אאאאא––א–
אאאאK • אאא Jאאאא
אא–אWאK
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١٧٢ א אא
אאא א
אאאW
• Diesel Engines and Fuel Systems Author : Barry Wellington and Alan Asmus. • Diesel and Mobile Plant Service Technology Author : Clifford M. Tempest. • Diesel Engine Repair by : John . F. Dagel Copyright 1982 by John Willey & sons,
Inc . All rights reserved Published simultaneously in Canada . • Analysis of Pollutant Formation and Control and Fuel economy in • Diesel Engine .by Naeim A. Henein .Copyright 1973 by In text , Inc . • Technical Instruction BOSCH : • Diesel Fuel – Injection Equipment . • Toyota Motor Corporation : Diesel Injection Pump – Training Manual . http://auto.howstuffworks.com/diesel2.htm
• Workshop Manual Audi 200 1996 .Service Department .Technical
Information . Edition 07 .
• Tractors and Automobiles . Translated from Russian by S.KITTELL. third edition 1993 . Mir Publishers Moscow .
• Diesel Fundamentals . Principles and Service by Frank Thiessen and
Davis Dales . 1988 by Reston Publishing Company , Inc . A Prentice-Hall Company .
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ثقل ١٧٢ א א
אאא א
א
אא
אאWא ١
אאWאאא ٢٦
אWאא ٤٨
אאאWא ٧٧
אאWא ١٠٤
אאWאא ١٣٦
אאWאאא ١٥٨
אאWא ١٧٧
אאWא ٢٠٦
אא ٢٢١
אא
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