高中基础 (2253 期 20150505) | 2 版 Devastating Earthquake Rocks Nepal

NepalNepal• It is a landlocked country (It is a landlocked country ( 内陆内陆国家国家 ) located in South Asia. It is ) located in South Asia. It is bordered on the north by China, bordered on the north by China, and on the east, west and south and on the east, west and south by India.by India.

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Pre-Pre-readingreading

WHERE IS IT?

• It covers an area of 147,181 It covers an area of 147,181 square kilometers and has a square kilometers and has a population of more than 27 population of more than 27 million.million.

• Nepal has eight of the world’s ten tallest mountains, Nepal has eight of the world’s ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on earth, Mount Everest.including the highest point on earth, Mount Everest.

• Kathmandu is the nation’s capital and largest metropolis.Kathmandu is the nation’s capital and largest metropolis.

• Earthquakes are the result of a sudden Earthquakes are the result of a sudden release of energy in the earth’s crust (release of energy in the earth’s crust ( 地壳地壳 ). ). Most earthquakes are caused by movement Most earthquakes are caused by movement of the earth’s tectonic plates (of the earth’s tectonic plates ( 地壳版块地壳版块 ).).

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HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOWABOUT EARTHQUAKES?

• An earthquake of Magnitude 3 or lower is An earthquake of Magnitude 3 or lower is weak and can hardly be felt. An weak and can hardly be felt. An earthquake of Magnitude 7 and over can earthquake of Magnitude 7 and over can potentially cause serious damage over potentially cause serious damage over large areas.large areas.

• A large earthquake can cause tsunamis, A large earthquake can cause tsunamis, landslides, and/or volcanic activities.landslides, and/or volcanic activities.

• The most recent large earthquake is the one The most recent large earthquake is the one in Japan in March, 2011 (Magnitude 9.0).in Japan in March, 2011 (Magnitude 9.0).

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Pre-Pre-readingreadingTHE EARTH’S TECTONIC PLATES

Scan the article and tell what the following numbers indicate.

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SCAN AND ANSWER

Pre-Pre-readingreading

7.8

5,000

80

11,000

the magnitude of the earthquake in Nepalthe magnitude of the earthquake in Nepal

the minimum number of people the minimum number of people who lost their lives in the who lost their lives in the earthquakeearthquakethe distance between Lamjung, the the distance between Lamjung, the

epicenter, and Kathmandu, the capital, epicenter, and Kathmandu, the capital, in kilometerin kilometer

the estimated number of the the estimated number of the injured in the earthquakeinjured in the earthquake

One aftershock after another made buildings sway and sent panicked Kathmandu residents running into the streets … All the open spaces in Kathmandu are packed with people who are camping outdoors.

Word bank:

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aftershock n. 余震

While While readingreading

be packed with 挤满了

sway v. （使）摇摆，摇动panic v. （使）惊慌失措

Planeloads of supplies, doctors and relief workers from neighboring countries have arrived in the stricken areas.

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While While readingreading

Word bank:

relief workers 救助人员

planeload n. 一飞机装载的量supplies n. 补给品

neighboring country 邻国

stricken area 受灾区

The aid group World Vision said that many of the remote villages may have been completely buried by rock falls—“those villages, where constructions are largely built with stones and rocks, were totally unprepared for the level of destruction caused by the earthquake.”

While While readingreading

Word bank:

aid group 援助队伍

be unprepared for … 对……毫无防备

remote adj. 遥远的

construction n. 建筑物

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VOCABULARY EXERCISES

1. It was the most __________ storm in half a century.2. He put forward a __________ suggestion at the meeting.3. The children __________ when they realized they were lost in the woods.4. Pride and Prejudice is widely __________ as a classic novel.5. The new road was designed to __________ traffic jams during rush hour.

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in the box.

destructivedestructive

panickedpanicked

relieverelieve

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recognizedrecognized

constructiveconstructive

panic relief construction destruction recognize

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VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 那辆公共汽车上挤满了吵吵嚷嚷的小学生。 (pack)

2. 与埃博拉 (Ebola) 病毒的抗争还远没有结束。 (far from)

3. 暴风雨说来就来了，马路上的人都毫无准备。(unprepared)

4. 新的考试体系给老师和学生都加重了负担。 (burden)

The bus is packed with noisy pupils.The bus is packed with noisy pupils.

Everybody on the street was unprepared for Everybody on the street was unprepared for the sudden storm.the sudden storm.

The fight against the Ebola virus is far from over.The fight against the Ebola virus is far from over.

The new examination system puts a burden The new examination system puts a burden on both the teachers and the students.on both the teachers and the students.

1. The 7.8-magnitude earthquake in Nepal caused ________.

A. a tsunami

B. a landslide

C. an avalanche

D. all the above

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While While readingreadingChoose the best answer.

COMPREHENSION

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the epicenter of the quake is near Kathmandu.

B. All the residents in Kathmandu are camping outdoors in open spaces.

C. The constructions in the remote villages hardly survived the earthquake.

D. None of the above.

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While While readingreadingChoose the best answer.

COMPREHENSION

3. Which of the following statements can we infer from the article?

A. The 7.8-magnitude earthquake was followed by two aftershocks.

B. India, Bangladesh, China’s region of Tibet and Pakistan are all located near Nepal.

C. All the victims of the quake were Nepali.

D. Both the Dharahara Tower and the Kathmandu Valley were World Heritage sites.

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While While readingreadingChoose the best answer.

COMPREHENSION

1. Describe the living conditions of the residents in Kathmandu after the massive earthquake.

All the open spaces in the city are All the open spaces in the city are packed with people who are camping packed with people who are camping outdoors. One aftershock after outdoors. One aftershock after another has spread fear among the another has spread fear among the crowd. Women and children can be crowd. Women and children can be heard crying.heard crying.

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COMPREHENSIONAnswer the following question.

While While readingreading

2. Why will the quake likely put a huge burden on the economy of Nepal?

The economy of Nepal relies heavily on tourism, and many tourist attractions, such as the Dharahara Tower and the Kathmandu Valley, have been damaged in the earthquake.

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Answer the following question.

While While readingreading

“The aftershocks keep coming ... so people don’t know what to expect,” said Sanjay Karki, Nepal country head for Mercy Corps, a global aid agency.

Language Language studystudy

☞ 这个句子的主干是“ … ,” said Sanjay Karki. 。 Nepal country head for Mercy Corps 充当 Sanjay Karki 的同位语，对Sanjay Karki 进行一定的补充注释； a global aid agency 又充当了 Mercy Corps 的同位语，对 Mercy Corps 进行一定的补充注释。

此类句中的谓语动词始终与主语保持一致，不受同位语之影响，比如：

Rabindranath Tagore, the great Indian poet and philosopher, is the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize for literature. 1616

GRAMMAR TIP

YOUR TURNI. Figure out the appositives of the following sentences from the article.1. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the quake was centered near Lamjung, about 80 kilometers northwest of Kathmandu, the capital.

2. The nine-story Dharahara Tower, a Kathmandu landmark built in the 1800s and a world-recognized historical monument, was totally destroyed.

Language Language studystudy

1. Willie Sarkis was a concert pianist in his youth. Willie Sarkis now plays for the Berlin Philharmonic.

2. Lewis Carroll is the author of Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. Through the Looking-Glass is the sequel of Alice in Wonderland. Lewis Carroll was a math lecturer at Oxford University.

II. Combine the sentences in each group using appositives.

Willie Sarkis, a concert pianist in his youth, now plays for the Willie Sarkis, a concert pianist in his youth, now plays for the Berlin Philharmonic.Berlin Philharmonic.

Lewis Carroll, the author of Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice in WonderlandAlice in Wonderland and its sequel, and its sequel, Through the Looking-GlassThrough the Looking-Glass, was a math lecturer at Oxford , was a math lecturer at Oxford University.University.

What should you do to protect yourself during an earthquake? Do a study on it with your classmates.

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After readingAfter reading

•Get under—and hold onto—a desk or table, or stand against an interior wall.

•Stay clear of exterior walls, glass, trees, power lines, light posts and signs.

•Do not use the elevator.•Avoid panicking and do not rush for the

exit. Stay low and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.

Hints:

Question for further discussion.