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The Black Death found its way into Europe via:

• North Africa• Asian trade routes• Spain• Scandinavia

9.01 Q

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The Black Death found its way into Europe via:

• North Africa• Asian trade routes• Spain• Scandinavia

9.01 A

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EXPLANATION: The Black Death found its way into Europe via:

• Asian trade routes

The Black Death followed the trade routes from Asia into Europe. Appearing first in Sicily, it entered Europe through the ports of Venice, Genoa, and Pisa.

9.01 E

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Which social group suffered the greatest decline in power as a result of the plague?

• noble landholders• urban elites• peasants• clergy

9.02 Q

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Which social group suffered the greatest decline in power as a result of the plague?

• noble landholders• urban elites• peasants• clergy

9.02 A

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EXPLANATION: Which social group suffered the greatest decline in power as a result of the plague?

• noble landholders

The privileged classes were hurt because their incomes derived in large part from landed estates. They had to offer peasants better deals and lower the rents their peasants paid.

9.02 E

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In the mid-fourteenth century, France had:

• About the same population as England, but was much poorer

• twice the population of England, but was much poorer

• half the population of England• three times the population of England and was

much richer

9.03 Q

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In the mid-fourteenth century, France had:

• About the same population as England, but was much poorer

• twice the population of England, but was much poorer

• half the population of England• three times the population of England and was

much richer

9.03 A

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EXPLANATION: In the mid-fourteenth century, France had:

• three times the population of England and was much richer

On the eve of the Hundred Years’ War, France had three times the population of England, far greater resources, and the advantage of fighting on its own soil.

9.03 E

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The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the:

• Western rising• Ciompi• Jacquerie• Taille

9.04 Q

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The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the:

• Western rising• Ciompi• Jacquerie• Taille

9.04 A

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EXPLANATION: The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the:

• Jacquerie

Beginning in 1358, the desperate peasants waged a series of bloody rebellions called the Jacquerie.

9.04 E

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Who was made the successor to the French king according to the terms the Treaty of Troyes?

• Edward IV• Philip V• Louis X• Henry V

9.05 Q

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Who was made the successor to the French king according to the terms the Treaty of Troyes?

• Edward IV• Philip V• Louis X• Henry V

9.05 A

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EXPLANATION: Who was made the successor to the French king according to the terms the Treaty of Troyes?

• Henry V

In 1420, the Treaty of Troyes disinherited the French king’s son and proclaimed Henry V heir to the French throne.

9.05 E

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In March 1429, Joan of Arc presented herself to:

• Charles VII• Henry V• Philip II• Francis I

9.06 Q

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In March 1429, Joan of Arc presented herself to:

• Charles VII• Henry V• Philip II• Francis I

9.06 A

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EXPLANATION: In March 1429, Joan of Arc presented herself to:

• Charles VII

In March 1429, Joan appeared at the court-in-exile of Charles VII and informed him God had commissioned her to rescue the city of Orléans from the English armies that were besieging it.

9.06 E

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Boniface VIII found himself locked in a political struggle with:

• Edward III• Philip the Fair• Henry V• Richard II

9.07 Q

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Boniface VIII found himself locked in a political struggle with:

• Edward III• Philip the Fair• Henry V• Richard II

9.07 A

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EXPLANATION: Boniface VIII found himself locked in a political struggle with:

• Philip the Fair

France’s Philip IV “the Fair” was a ruthless politician who taught Boniface that the power the pope had presumably inherited from Innocent III was more illusion than reality.

9.07 E

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Defender of Peace was written by:

• Pope John XXII• William of Ockham• Marsilius of Padua• Emperor Louis IV

9.08 Q

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Defender of Peace was written by:

• Pope John XXII• William of Ockham• Marsilius of Padua• Emperor Louis IV

9.08 A

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EXPLANATION: Defender of Peace was written by:

• Marsilius of Padua

Marsilius of Padua argued in Defender of Peace (1324) that the jurisdiction of the clergy was limited to the spiritual realm and that the clergy had no legitimate coercive authority over the laity.

9.08 E

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Pope Clement V moved the papacy to:

• Geneva• Milan• Avignon• Padua

9.09 Q

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Pope Clement V moved the papacy to:

• Geneva• Milan• Avignon• Padua

9.09 A

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EXPLANATION: Pope Clement V moved the papacy to:

• Avignon

Clement V moved the papal court to Avignon in 1509—supposedly for safety and convenience. Avignon was an independent town on land that belonged to the pope, but it was in the southeast corner of territory that was culturally French.

9.09 E

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The writings of John Wycliffe inspired the:

• Jacquerie• Levelers• Hussites• Lollards

9.10 Q

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The writings of John Wycliffe inspired the:

• Jacquerie• Levelers• Hussites• Lollards

9.10 A

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EXPLANATION: The writings of John Wycliffe inspired the:

• Lollards

The Lollards drew their inspiration from Wycliffe. They preached in the vernacular, disseminated translations of the Scriptures, and championed clerical poverty.

9.10 E

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The Council of Pisa:

• deposed both the Roman and Avignon popes, and elected a new pope

• deposed the Roman pope• deposed the Avignon pope• was deadlocked and disbanded without offering a

solution to the Great Schism

9.11 Q

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The Council of Pisa:

• deposed both the Roman and Avignon popes, and elected a new pope

• deposed the Roman pope• deposed the Avignon pope• was deadlocked and disbanded without offering a

solution to the Great Schism

9.11 A

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EXPLANATION: The Council of Pisa:

• deposed both the Roman and Avignon popes, and elected a new pope

The Council of Pisa deposed both popes and united in support of a new one. To their consternation, the popes in Rome and Avignon ignored them and appointed new colleges of cardinals. The attempt to end the schism had succeeded only in creating a third pope.

9.11 E

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What religion did Prince Vladimir of Kiev choose for his domain?

• Roman Catholic Christianity• Greek Orthodox Christianity• Islam• None of the above

9.12 Q

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What religion did Prince Vladimir of Kiev choose for his domain?

• Roman Catholic Christianity• Greek Orthodox Christianity• Islam• None of the above

9.12 A

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EXPLANATION: What religion did Prince Vladimir of Kiev choose for his domain?

2. Greek Orthodox Christianity

Prince Vladimir received delegations at his court in Kiev representing the Muslim, Roman Catholic, Hebrew, and Orthodox faiths. He then reviewed what each camp had to offer and chose the Greek option. His decision determined Russia’s religion and strengthened commercial ties between Russia and the Byzantine Empire.

9.12 E

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Between 1243 and 1480, Russia was ruled by:

• Poland• the princes of Kiev• the Persians• the Mongols

9.13 Q

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Between 1243 and 1480, Russia was ruled by:

• Poland• the princes of Kiev• the Persians• the Mongols

9.13 A

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EXPLANATION: Between 1243 and 1480, Russia was ruled by:

• the Mongols

In the thirteenth century, the Mongols swept over China, much of the Islamic world, and Russia. They ruled Russia from 1243 until 1480 when Ivan III “the Great” brought all of northern Russia under Moscow’s control and ended Mongol rule.

9.13 E