© 2006 pearson education, inc. chapter 22. © 2006 pearson education, inc. 1.what significant...

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

CHAPTER 22


1. What significant factor did Twentieth century India and China have in common?

A. They both developed a Communistic political and economic structure

B. Industrialization along Western lines was difficult because of their large rural populations

C. Both based their developmental models on those of the West

D. Both generally ignored cities & industries in favor of the peasantry


CORRECT ANSWER = B

A. India went for democracy and a mixed capitalist-socialist economy

C. They often relied on different models

D. They both quickly began urban development


2. Which of these did not figure in the ultimate downfall of the GMD?

A. Hostility from Western business and cultural leaders

B. Alliances with the landlord class

C. Internal corruption

D. The Japanese invasion


CORRECT ANSWER = A

B. Such alliances infuriated the peasantry

C. High officials stole provisions meant for the armed forcers

D. The GMD retreated and the Communists argued that they could more effectively fight the Japanese


3. How did Mao’s revolution differ from its Soviet counterpart?

A. It was nonviolent

B. It operated by conventional warfare

C. The peasantry are the revolutionary vanguard, rather than the proletariat

D. Its soldiers were notoriously undisciplined


CORRECT VANSWER = C

A. There was much fighting, and loss of life

B. Mao was an expert in guerrilla warfare

D. They followed a strict code of conduct


4. What was Mao’s major contribution to the advancement of women’s rights?

A. Bringing great numbers of women into Communist Party leadership positions

B. Refocusing feminist attention to the peasantry

C. Having women leave the confines of home to work in light industry

D. Allowing women to directly participate in warfare against the Japanese & GMD


CORRECT ANSWER = B

A. The leadership remained conspicuously male

C. This had happened long before Mao’s time

D. They did not in fact usually do so


5. What effect did the “Xian Incident” of 1936 have on developments in China?

A. Forcing the Communists on the Long March to Yan’an

B. Inciting the Japanese to invade China

C. Bringing about U.S. and Soviet intervention

D. Compelling Chiang Kai-shek towards temporary cooperation with the Communists


CORRECT ANSWER = D

A. The Communists had made this move earlier, in 1934

B. This had no connection and occurred much afterwards

C. This did not happen until the 1940’s


6. What was the ultimate effect of the “Great Leap Forward”?

A. The encouragement of limited private enterprise

B. The transformation of the Chinese economy to large urban manufacturing centers

C. Complete success of “backyard steel mills”, and revival of China’s economy

D. Millions of deaths by starvation


CORRECT ANSWER = D

A. What little were left were terminated

B. The aim was rather to downscale and disperse industry

C. It all failed miserably


7. What might best characterize the situation during Mao’s last years?

A. Chinese agriculture could barely keep pace with population growth

B. The Cultural Revolution was continued to the end

C. Industrial output was painfully sluggish

D. Increased tensions emerged with the United States


CORRECT ANSWER = A

B. It was suppressed in 1970

C. It was higher than that of almost every other nation at the time

D. Relations were normalized by the 1972 Nixon visit


8. What was the original function of the Indian National Congress?

A. Acting as a radical anti-British movement

B. Acting as a vent for Indian nationalist criticism

C. Launching non-violent protests against colonial rule

D. To support the Rowlatt Acts


CORRECT ANSWER = B

A. There was no extreme view in that regard; most of the leadership had been British-educated

C. This occurred much later, when Gandhi assumed the leadership

D. They were firmly opposed, as being repressive


9. What was the impact of Gandhi’s leadership style?

A. Promoting the development of what virtually became a civil war

B. Creating India’s independence movement

C. Reconstructing Congress into a mass movement

D. Dazzling supporters with his lavish lifestyle


CORRECT ANSWER = C

A. He was an advocate of non-violence, and would not condone this

B. He did not create it but gave it new leadership & direction

D. No one was more ascetic in his lifestyle


10. What can most accurately be stated about Gandhi as a reformer?

A. His prohibition campaign was a complete success

B. He was opposed to the caste system, and strove to end Untouchability

C. He unsuccessfully attempted to bridge the Hindu-Muslim gap in the name of unity

D. He phased out the use of English


CORRECT ANSWER = C

A. It resulted in bootlegging and corruption

B. Though he tried to end Untouchability, he was not opposed to the caste system in principle

C. In the end, both English and Hindi were kept


11. Over what did the viewpoints of Gandhi and Nehru differ?

A. Over the idea of independence as opposed to increased autonomy under British rule

B. Over the use of non-violence

C. Over the usefulness of modern machinery & technology

D. None of these


CORRECT ANSWER = C

A. Both were committed to an independent India, Nehru even became its Prime Minister

B. Both practiced non-violence


12. Partition has had many effects on the Indian subcontinent since 1947. What is not one of them?

A. The murder of between 200,000 to one million people

B. The Kashmir problem

C. Population transfer of some 12 million

D. None of these


CORRECT ANSWER = D

A. During the population transfers between newly independent India & Pakistan, violence flared and many were killed

B. Kashmir province was divided, but the border remains in dispute

C. 6 million Muslims went to Pakistan; a roughly equal number of Hindus and Sikhs to India


13. Over what question did Indira Gandhi’s downfall and death occur?

A. Intervention in the war in East Pakistan/Bangladesh

B. The destruction of sacred Sikh shrines at Amritsar

C. Proclamation of the “Emergency”, and the suspension of freedoms

D. Serving a jail sentence for election irregularities


CORRECT ANSWER = B

A. This was successful, and made her popular for taking tough action

C. She was voted out of office for this, but later returned to power

D. Again, she overcame this and returned as Prime Minister


14. What can accurately be stated regarding the status of women in contemporary India?

A. Because of different traditions, South India’s treatment of women is more egalitarian

B. The sex ratio of women to men is among the world’s highest

C. The general prosperity of the 1980’s witnessed an improvement in the position of poor rural women

D. Sati has now been eliminated as a practice


CORRECT ANSWER = A

B. At 927 women to 1,000 men, it is among the lowest

C. It is actually deteriorating

D. It still occasionally occurs


15. How do the “Green” & “White” Revolutions possibly foreshadow problems?

A. They have not delivered on their promise of productivity, and shortages loom ahead

B. This is limited to grain-producing areas; rice production remains problematical

C. Chemical fertilizers needed to support new seeds may ruin the ecology

D. Other countries may become jealous of India’s productivity and launch into wars


CORRECT ANSWER = C

A. Productivity has been a real success story

B. Rice production has benefited as well

D. This does not seem to give rise to tension because neighboring countries have similarly benefited

© 2006 pearson education, inc. chapter 22. © 2006 pearson education, inc. 1.what significant...

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