© 2000, chuck ehrlich all rights reserved1 e-business enablers chuck ehrlich [email protected]...

© 2000, Chuck Ehrlich all rights reserved

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E-Business Enablers

Chuck [email protected] 415-441-7140

www.ehrlichorg.com

http://www.ehrlichorg.com/


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Chuck Ehrlich

BS Computer Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 1972 First graduating class of computer engineers

MS Computing & Information Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 1975

MBA, University of San Francisco, 1998Consultant + Teacher


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E-Business Enablers

E-business Types, StagesE-business engineXML


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E-Business Types

B2B: Businesses to Business Cisco

B2C: Business to Consumer Amazon.com

C2C: Consumer to Consumer E-Bay


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E-Business Stages

Stage Key Technologies

I. Publishing, broadcast media

Web Server, files

II. Transactional Database, Order Processing

III. Personalization,1:1 marketing

User tracking, customization


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E-Business Engine parts:

AttractInformCustomizeTransact

PayInteractDeliverPersonalize


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Attract: ads & portals

Advertising of all types Web based and off line Affiliate programs

Portals: AOL, Lycos, Yahoo!Examples:

BeFree, Doubleclick, LinkExchange


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Inform: content

Content generationContent management Content delivery (presentation)CatalogsExamples:

Vignette, OnDisplay, Interwoven

http://www.vignette.com/

http://www.ondisplay.com/

http://www.interwoven.com/


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Customize: configure

Combinations of standard modules for build-to-order buying

Examples: Calico Commerce, FirePond,

Trilogy Software

http://www.calico.com/

http://www.firepond.com/

http://www.trilogy.com/


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Transact: markets

Creating new marketsChanging existing markets

Auction markets, exchangesExamples:

Ariba, Commerce One, Moai Technologies

http://www.ariba.com/

http://www.commerceone.com/

http://www.moai.com/

http://www.moai.com/


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Pay: charge or charge

Financial transaction processingCredit and risk managementExamples:

eCredit, Paylinx, Signio


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Interact: support

Customer serviceSupportOrder trackingExamples:

Clarify, Siebel, Vantive

http://www.clarify.com/

http://www.siebel.com/

http://www.vantive.com/


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Personalize: targeting

Learning more about customers to sell more and build stronger relationships Tracking user actions Analyzing Customer Behavior Triggering offers to stimulate buying

Examples: E.piphany, Personify, Verbind

http://www.epiphany.com/

http://www.epiphany.com/


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Deliver: SCM

Supply chain managementFulfillment and delivery, logistics Examples:

Celarix, i2 Technologies, Manugistics


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E-Business Engine

Multiple parts, multiple vendorsHow do we link these systems

together?Via XML based middleware Examples:

BEA Systems, Bluestone Software, eXcelon/Object Design


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Example integration platform

Diagram from: edocs.bea.com/elink


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XML

What is XML?XML SyntaxApplications of XMLBusiness and Systems StrategyFor more information


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What is XML?

Way to store structured data as text For example:

Spreadsheets Address book Financial transactions Catalog information Technical drawings or specifications


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XML formats are

Easy to generate and read (by computer)

Unambiguous Easily extended (extensible)Platform independent Easy to internationalize or localize


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XML is a meta-language

Standardizes the syntax (format) of data exchange but not semantics (meaning)

Supports the definition of languages for specific industries and applications

Creates an open distributed information infrastructure


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Standard XML programs

Parse XML data for storageInterfaces for processing dataDisplay dataQuery dataLink data


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XML looks like HTML

Both use tags: <p>Both use named attributes:

foo=“value”


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XML differs from HTML

In purpose and usage:HTML specifies:

Meaning of tags and attributes Rendering of tags by Web browser

XML: Uses tags to delimit data Leaves the interpretation of the data to

the applications


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XML formats are different

HTML: Tags are not case sensitive ‘Flexible’ on tag nesting, closing tags, etc.

XML: Tags are case sensitive

Tags beginning with x, m, l are reserved

Requires properly formed sequences Applications must reject broken files


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XML looks like text

So programmers can read and repair files End users are not expected to read XML

Resulting in larger files Can compress for transmission or

storage


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XML is both new and old

XML Under development since 96 W3C standard in 98

Derived from Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) Document markup from the 70’s and

80’s ISO Standard in 1986


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XML family of technologies

XML 1.0 defines tags and attributes Xlink defines XML hyperlinks

Including extended links CSS Cascading Style Sheets

Level 2 includes XML and HTML support XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language

XSLT language for transforming XML documents Rules to source tree to result tree

XML vocabulary for specifying formatting semantics


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XML technologies (cont)

DOM Document Object Model provides a standard programmatic interface (API) to: Object representations for XML and HTML

documents Access and manipulate these objects

XML Namespaces: Qualifying element and attribute names

RDF: Resource Description Framework Metadata to describe the data stored on the Web Catalog, content rating, privacy preferences,

intellectual property rights, digital signatures, etc.


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XHTML 1.0

Reformulation of HTML 4 as an XML 1.0 application, and three DTDs corresponding to the ones defined by HTML 4.


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What is a document?

Data you can read, combinations of data

Data displayed in many different forms: Presentation slide Handout Book Web Site


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XML documents

Legal XML documents are well-formed

A well-formed document describes a logical tree: <greeting type=“friendly”>Hello, world!</greeting>


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Valid XML documents

A well-formed document that conforms to a set of Data Type Definition (DTD) constraints is a valid document:<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8” ?><!DOCTYPE greeting [ <!ELEMENT greeting (#PCDATA)> <!ATTLIST greeting type (friendly | unfriendly)“friendly” >

]><greeting>Hello, world!</greeting>


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XML document parts:

Prolog contains XML Declaration: version of XML

<?xml version=“1.0”>

Document Type Declaration (DTD)External and/or internal DTD

Document Element contains nested sub-elements and external entities


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External DTD

<!DOCTYPE EMAIL SYSTEM “ex_4.dtd”>

External DTD reference includes: Document title Keywords: PUBLIC, SYSTEM, File name for the .dtd file where the

definition is storedMost large systems use external

DTD’s


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Internal DTD

Defines the structure of the Document Element and its sub-elements

Internal DTD values may override settings in the external DTD


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Data Type Definitions

Supports complex data structuresMore flexible than SQL, supports:

Optional elements Multiple occurrences Enumerated values Default values Parameters


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Common attribute types

#PCDATA parsed character data, may contain markup tags

CDATA character dataENTITY, ENTITIES external binary

entityID, IDREF unique identifiersNOTATION a notation declared

elsewhere in the DTD


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Uses for XML

For publishing documents: Platform, media, language independent

For data-centric Web applications: Distributed processing, business

transactions, managing documents, customized information


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Example users: Rosettanet

New supply chain relationships for the electronics and IT industries www.rosettanet.org

http://www.rosettanet.org/


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Example: OBI Consortium

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Buying Organization

FinancialSystems

User Profiles

Approval

WWW Purchasing Server

WWW Browser

Requisitioner

WWWMerchant

Server

Selling OrganizationOrder Entry &Inventory Mgt.

CatalogManagement

CustomerPricing

Billing

Payment Authority

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33b 6

5

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3a

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The Open Buying on the Internet [OBI] Consortium www.openbuy.org


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Example: MSFT BizTalk

Two core issues behind BizTalk: Application integration today is too hard. The next wave of electronic commerce is

going to require massive amounts of application integration

www.biztalk.org or www.microsoft.com

http://www.biztalk.org/

http://www.microsoft.com/


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Example: IDEAlliance

International Digital Enterprise Alliance

Information & Content Exchange (ICE) protocol supports: Syndicated publishing networks Online resellers Web-site-to-Web-site information

networks


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XML trade-off:

May reduce Performance Centralized control Uniformity

In order to gain Persistence Distributed control Asynchronous processing Ability to read the data


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For more information

E-Business Engine How It Works edited by Jeffrey Davis,

Business 2.0, February 2000, p112-140


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XML Resources

W3C Web Consortium sets standards for XML and other Web technology http://www.w3.org/

OASIS Consortium serves as the framework for developing and publishing XML languages for specific applications www.oasis-open.org www.xml.org

www.xml.com Seybold & O’Reilly

http://www.w3.org/

http://www.oasis-open.org/

http://www.xml.org/

http://www.xml.com/


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XML Resources

ebXML United Nations (UN/CEFACT) and OASIS effort to facilitate international trade www.ebxml.org

Commerce XML (cXML) backed by Ariba www.cxml.org

Ontology.org (UK) http://www.ontology.org

http://www.ebxml.org/

http://www.cxml.org/

http://www.ontology.org/


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XML Resources

XML and the Second-Generation Web by Jon Bosak and Tim Bray, Scientific American, May 1999 http://www.sciam.com/1999/0599issue/0599bosak.html

Everythingxml.com (Intraware)

http://www.sciam.com/1999/0599issue/0599bosak.html

http://www.everythingxml.com/

http://www.everythingxml.com/


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Variations on XML

Markup languages for speech applications: VXML http://www.voicexml.org VoxML http://www.voxml.com

http://www.voicexml.org/

http://www.voxml.com/

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