서울시 강남구 삼성 2 동 120-17 호 jj 빌딩 2 층 / 에이블맥스㈜ adina (automatic...

서울시 강남구 삼성 2 동 120-17 호 JJ 빌딩 2 층 / http://ablemax.co.kr

에이블맥스㈜

ADINA(Automatic Dynamic Incremental Nonlinear

Analysis)- 유체 , 구조 , 열 , 유체 - 구조 연성 , 열 - 구조 연성을 위한 해석

프로그램 -

CAE 통합 솔루션 전문 기업 에이블맥스㈜

ableMAX Inc.ableMAX Inc.

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AbleMax Inc.AbleMax Inc.

주요 고객사주요 고객사

1.1 ADINA-FSI 도입 효과

1.2 ADINA 특징

1. ADINA – FSI[ 유체 - 구조연성 ] 를 장점

AbleMax Inc.

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1.1 도입 효과

AbleMax Inc.AbleMax Inc.

• 기존의 구조 - 유체 연성 해석 시스템은 유동해석으로부터 얻어진 유량을 이용하여 구조 의 변형 등을 예측하거나 , 유동의 특성만을 주로 다루었기 때문에 출구의 유량 , 압력 , 온도 등을 정확히 예측할 수 없었다 . 또한 시스템 내에서 발생하는 유체 유발 진동 및 소음 등은 기존의 수치해석 방법으로는 접근이 거의 불가능한 상태였다 . 하지만 ADINA 의 연성해석 기법의 사용으로 인해 이러한 문제들을 해결하고 있다 . 특히 유체 - 구조 연성해석 시 가장 까다로운 문제들인 구조의 대변형 /대회전 등의 비선형성 , 재료의 비선형성 등을 ADINA 에서 해결할 수 있어 구조의 변형 및 집중 하중을 정확히 예측할 수 있어 피로수명 예측 및 설계개선에 필요한 중요한 데이터를 제공할 수 있다 .

• Fully Coupled Two-way Fluid Structure Interaction ( 유체 - 구조 연성 )– 구조 - 유체 연성 해석에서 유체 압력에 의한 구조의 transient response 를 얻기

위해서는 유체와 구조간의 상호작용이 고려되어야 하며 , 고온의 유체의 경우에는 유체에서 구조로의 열 전달 또한 고려되어야 한다 . ADINA 의 경우 열 - 유체 - 구조 연성해석을 수행할 수 있기 때문에 유체압력 뿐만 아니라 열에 의한 구조적인 변형 및 응력을 동시에 예측할 수 있다 .

– ADINA 의 경우 어떠한 가정 없이 본래의 유체와 구조의 지배방정식을 가지고 해석을 수행하기 때문에 실제 작동상황에서 발생되는 선형적 , 비선형적 반응들을 모두 얻어낼 수 있어 실험에서 측정하기 어려운 데이터 들을 결과물로 얻어 낼 수 있기 때문에 설계상의 문제 등을 파악하는데 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다 .

• 이미 국내 및 해외에서 원자력 , 자동차 및 전자 , 건축 , 토목 등의 분야에서 ADINA 를 사용한 해석이 수행되어 실험과 비교 검증되었으며 , 개발단계에서도 그 결과가 성공적으로 적용되었다 .htp://ablemax.co.kr

1.2 ADINA- 특 . 장점

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최초로 상용화된 FSI(Fluid-Structure Interaction) 해석프로그램으로 연성해석이 쉽다 .

일반적인 Iterative 방식의 Two-Way coupling 뿐 아니라 , Direct Two-Way Coupling 이 가능하여 다양한 Method 를 제공한다 .

하나의 사용자 환경에서 여러 가지 해석 Module 의 사용이 가능하다 . 별도의 모듈 추가 없이 다양한 구조해석을 할 수 있다 .

ADINA-Structure 에서는 robust 한 비선형 Contact 솔버를 제공할 뿐만 아니라 간단한 workflow 를 통해 사용자가 쉽게 적용할 수 있도록 되어 있다 .

다양한 Material Property

• ADINA-Structure 에서는 비선형 재질을 고려할 수 있는 다양한 재료모델을 제공하고 있으며 ADINA-CFD 에서도 Newtonian 및 Non-Newtonian 모델을 다양하게 제공하고 있다 . 적용되었다 .

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2. ADINA 소개

2.1 ADINA 소개

2.2 ADINA 구성

AbleMax Inc.

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2.1 ADINA 소개

((AAutomatic utomatic DDynamic ynamic IIncremental ncremental NNonlinear onlinear AAnalysis)nalysis)

선형 /비선형 구조해석 , 유동해석 , 열해석 뿐만 아니라 유체 - 구조 연성해석 (FSI) , 열 - 구조 연성해석 (TMC) 등의 연성해석이 가능한 해석 소프트웨어이다 .

ADINA 의 개발사인 ADINA R&D, Inc. (USA) 는 1986 년에 MIT 공대 교수인 Dr. K. J. Bathe (“Finite Element Procedures” 의 저자 ) 에 의해 설립되었다 .

FEM (Finite Element Method) 과 FVM (Finite Volume Method) 을 함께 지원하며 유체 - 구조 - 열 연성해석 등 Multiphysics 해석이 가능하다 .

현재 ADINA 8.5 버전까지 개발되었으며 , 올해 하반기에 ADINA 8.6 버전도 배포 될 예정이다 .

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2.2 ADINA 구성

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2.2 ADINA 구성

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ADINA

Structural Analysis

Drop Test

TMC(Thermo-Mechanical Coupling)

Frictional contact (Brake)

FSI (Fluid-Structure-Interaction)

Vortex induced vibrations

CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)

Karman vortex street

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3. ADINA 해석영역 소개

3.1 ADINA-Structure

3.2 ADINA-CFD

3.3 ADINA –Thermal

3.4 ADINA-FSI

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3.1 ADINA-Structure

- 선형 /비선형 정적 & 동적 해석- Contact 해석- Frequencies/Modes 해석- Modal Superposition- Modal Stress- Modal Participation Factors- 선형 좌굴해석- Rupture analysis

Seismic Evaluation of the Cooper River Bridge (by SC Solutions, Inc., California)

Crush Analysis of AutomobilesO-Ring Compression

Frequency Solution of Structure Coupled with Inviscid Fluids for Reactor

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Metal forming problem Motion of a clip during push-in and pull-out

Drop test of a cell phone Rubber boot at the base of a control stick

3.1 ADINA-Structure(Contact)

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Implicit Explicit

자동차 차체에 대한 충격 분석 자전거 헬멧의 충돌 분석

3.1 ADINA-Structure( 소성 변형 , Impact)

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3.2 ADINA-CFD

2 차원 , 3 차원 압축ㆍ비압축 유동 해석 Steady-State, Transient (Unsteady) 해석 층류 및 난류 유동 (k-ε, k-ω, SST, DES, LES 모델 ) 해석 Porous Media 를 이용한 유동 해석 온도 , 압력 , 시간 함수의 유체 물성치 정의 Free surface, Moving Boundary 해석 Mass transfer, Multiphase Flow 해석 Heat Transfer 해석 Electric potentials Sliding Mesh Boundary Condition & Multiple Reference Frame 기능을 이용한 회전체 해석

Boundary layer meshing

Solving Unsteady Separated Flow Using Large Eddy Simulation Adaptive meshing

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다원주 주위의 유동 해석 (DES) - Results

3.2 ADINA-CFD

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particle trace animation is a band plot of the steady-state mass fraction of acid mist

Engine Exhaust Manifold (Volvo)

Simulation of Impeller FlowMultiple Reference Frame Feature

3.2 ADINA-CFD


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3.3 ADINA-Thermal

• Heat transfer problem in solid and structures Radiation between surfaces of arbitrary geometries Element birth-death options capabilities for highly nonlinear material behavior Electrostatic, seepage and piezoelectric analysis Latent heat effects Fully coupled thermo-mechanical analysis - internal heat generation due to plastic deformation - heat transfer between contacting bodies - surface heat generation due to friction on the contacting surfaces

• Applications - piezoelectric actuators - disk brake system

Disc Brake System

Temperature field of turbine casing, convection boundary conditions

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Fully coupled thermo-mechanical analysis Piezoelectric analysis (with user-supplied subroutines) Soil consolidation analysis

• A thermo-mechanical problem can include: Internal heat generation due to plastic deformations of the material Heat transfer between contacting bodies Surface heat generation due to friction on the contacting surfaces

• Applications

• piezoelectric actuators

• disk brake system

Frictional contact (Brake)

3.3 ADINA-TMC(Thermo-Mechanica coupling


the contact pressure and the temperature variation

from 300 to 0 rpm in 5 seconds

3.3 ADINA-TMC(Thermo-Mechanical coupling


3.4 ADINA-FSI [ 유체 - 구조연성 ]

3.4.1 Overview of ADINA-FSI3.4.2 Concept of ADINA-FSI3.4.3 Iterative Two-Way FSI Coupling (Partitioned Method)3.4.4 Direct Two-Way FSI Coupling (Simultaneous Solution Method)

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3.4.1 Overview of ADINA-FSI - Fully coupled analysis of fluid flows (Navier-Stokes or Euler fluids) with structural interactions including mass transfer, thermal, porous, electric static coupling (Multi-physics)

- All capabilities available in solids/shell analysis are fully coupled to all capabilities available in fluid flow analysis

- Entirely different meshes can be used for structure and fluid

- Large deformation - Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation

적용사례 - Automotive Systems (Shock Absorber, Fuel Rail, Hydraulic Mount, ABS check valve, Fuel pump, etc.)

- Biomedical Applications - Nuclear Power and Pipe Systems - Compressors, Pumps, Impeller, Turbine - Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)

- Fully coupled analysis of fluid flows (Navier-Stokes or Euler fluids) with structural interactions including mass transfer, thermal, porous, electric static coupling (Multi-physics)

- All capabilities available in solids/shell analysis are fully coupled to all capabilities available in fluid flow analysis

- Entirely different meshes can be used for structure and fluid

- Large deformation - Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation

적용사례 - Automotive Systems (Shock Absorber, Fuel Rail, Hydraulic Mount, ABS check valve, Fuel pump, etc.)

- Biomedical Applications - Nuclear Power and Pipe Systems - Compressors, Pumps, Impeller, Turbine - Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)

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3.4.2 Concept of ADINA-FSI

FLUIDS Structure

Solving the flow field and extracting the

pressure forces upon the structure

Calculating the structure deformation due to

external and internal forces

Fluid Structure Interaction

Automatic exchangeBetween the solvers

Boundary conditions at fluid-structure interface

ADINA-CFD ADINA-Structure

Pressure Distribution Velocity Profile

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3.4.3 Iterative Two-Way FSI Coupling (Partitioned Method)

Fluid solver controls− Time step, Solution time − Convergence parameters of

the coupled system

New Mesh

T<Tend

Data Input

Solver Initialization

Fluid Solver

Structure Solver

No Exit

Fluid Domain Remesh

Displacementat F-S interface

Fluid forceat F-S interface

rd ≤ d

r ≤

Yes

No

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3.4.4 Direct Two-Way FSI Coupling (Simultaneous Solution Method)

• When the Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the coupled system, Effective matrix can be expressed as

New Mesh

T<Tend

Data Input

Solver Initialization

Fluid + Solid

No Exit

Fluid Domain Remesh

Displacementat F-S interface

Linearized system

rd ≤ d

r ≤

Yes

No

• Is not applicable to segregated method (FCBI-C)

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4. ADINA- FSI 적용 사례

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Turbulent Pipe Flow The elements used are 8-node FCBI (Flow Condition Based Interpolation) and the turbulence model is the standard k-epsilon

Fluid Pressure Plot and Particle Trace PlotFluid Pressure Plot and Particle Trace Plot


Dynamic Analysis of Piping System

The analysis is performed using the ADINA subsonic potential-based fluid elements to model the water in the pipe and the ADINA 4-node shell elements (MITC4 elements) to model the pipe walls. The pipe is supported by flanges at the bottom of the model and filled with water under pressure. At time 1.0, an additional pressure pulse is applied to the water at the bottom left end of the pipe. The pressure pulse propagates in the water. When the pressure pulse hits the left corner of the pipe (shown enlarged in the animation), high stresses are generated in the pipe walls at that corner.

Effective Stress and Fluid PressureEffective Stress and Fluid Pressure


Fully Coupled Thermal FSI Analysis

The fluid is modeled with the general CFD capabilities in ADINA. The structure is modeled including all nonlinearities, like large deformations, inelastic effects, and contact, available in ADINA. The fully coupled thermal FSI solution is obtained with the general ADINA-FSI capabilities.

Results of the Structure Model : temperatures, deformations and stresses. Results of the Fluid Model : temperatures, pressures, stresses and flow velocities.

Hot fluid flows through the flexible pipe, which is therefore heated by the fluid and loaded by the fluid tractions. The temperatures, deformations and stresses in the pipe, together with the fluid flow and fluid temperature need be solved for. The fluid is modeled using FCBI-C elements and the structure is modeled using MITC9 shell elements.

Schematic view of the pipeSchematic view of the pipe



Fluid Mesh and Velocity Plot

Fluid Pressure and Temperature Plots



Solid Mesh with Magnified Deformation and Plot of the Effective Stress, Thermal StrainSolid Mesh with Magnified Deformation and Plot of the Effective Stress, Thermal Strain

Temperature Plot, Plastic Flag Plot and Accumulated Effective Plastic Strain PlotTemperature Plot, Plastic Flag Plot and Accumulated Effective Plastic Strain Plot


One-Way Coupled Fluid-Structure Interactions

In many FSI analyses the deformation of the solid is so small that its influence on the fluid flow is negligible. Only the fluid stresses need to be applied onto the structure No iteration between the fluid model and the solid model is necessary.

one-way coupling FSIone-way coupling FSI Oil (Oil (ρρ = 1000 kg / m3; = 1000 kg / m3; µµ = 0.2 Pa·s) with Re = 2000, The pressure at the three outlets is 1 MPa = 0.2 Pa·s) with Re = 2000, The pressure at the three outlets is 1 MPa The manifold is made of steel pipes (E = 200 GPa; n = 0.3) with a thickness of 2 cmThe manifold is made of steel pipes (E = 200 GPa; n = 0.3) with a thickness of 2 cm The fluid mesh has 648,684 tetrahedral elements (2,594,736 equations) and the solid model was The fluid mesh has 648,684 tetrahedral elements (2,594,736 equations) and the solid model was discretized with 20,017 4-node shell elements. discretized with 20,017 4-node shell elements.


One-Way Coupled Fluid-Structure Interactions

Effective stresses on the structure The displacements, magnified 50 times, on the solid structure


Thermal CFD and Stress Analysis of an Exhaust Manifold

Courtesy of Volvo Penta, Göteborg, Sweden

Considerations: •Turbulent fluid flow through the manifold (k-omega )) • Temperatures in the fluid and the structure• Stresses in the structure.

Mesh used for the complete model

velocity results in the outlet

Re = 0.74 x 105, Pe = 0.54 x 105, Pr = 0.73.

Detail showing mesh mismatch


Thermal CFD and Stress Analysis of an Exhaust Manifold

Courtesy of Volvo Penta, Göteborg, Sweden

Plot of temperature in the fluid and solid Plot of effective stress in the solid

Plot of pressure in the fluid


Analysis of an Engine Exhaust Manifold

particle trace animationCourtesy of Volvo Penta, Göteborg, Sweden

This is the exhaust manifold of a Volvo Penta 6-cylinder D6 diesel engine using the Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model. The main benefit of the SST model is improved accuracy of results in the modeling of flows with adverse pressure gradients or pressure-induced separation. The Reynolds number at the inlets of the manifold is approximately 13,000 586,120 FCBI-C elements (~3.5 million equations) Applied no slip wall boundary conditions All the inlets have the same prescribed velocity and prescribed turbulence quantities, k and w..

Fluid Pressure Plot


Brake hose

• BRAKE Hose 작동조건을 고려한 최적의Layout 해석을 통한 주변 부품과의 간섭회피

• BRAKE Hose 내구수명 예측을 통한 제품개발 / 설계 기간단축 및 비용절감

Effective Stress

FSI Analysis of Break hose


Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) Analysis of Fuel Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) Analysis of Fuel PumpPump

Inlet valve is open; fuel flows into chamber.

Outlet valve is open; fuel flows out of chamber

Average Mass Flow vs. Cam Rotating Speed

Fuel Pump diagramCourtesy of Delphi Automotive Systems


FSI Analysis of Gas Shock Absorber

Rod

Spring

Casing

oil

Piston

gas


FSI Analysis of Shock Absorber

Pressure, Velocity Profile

ADINA 에서는 한번의 유체 - 구조 연성해석으로 Reaction force vs. Stroke, 구조물의 stress, power spectrum 등의 결과를 얻을 수 있다 .


FSI Analysis of Oil Dash Pot ACE Controls

Velocity Profile

Reaction force absorbs 50% more impact energy without an increase in size or cost


FSI Analysis of Hydraulic Mount

Excitation: 10 Hz Excitation: 400 Hz

자동차 Hydraulic Mount 해석


FSI Analysis of Automotive Hydraulic Engine Mount

Hydraulic engine mounts are used to reduce automotive engine vibration and noise. The performance of the hydraulic engine mount due to variations in the excitation frequency and amplitude is of interest to the designer.


3-D Fuel Rail Model

Inlet Pressure = 350kPa

InjectorInjector

#1 #2 #3 #4

Injection period/time length is controlled by time functions.

#1

Time function

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18

time

Valu

e

#1 open #3 open #4 open #2 open

해석 목적 : 연료레일 형상 단면 형상과 재질 변화를 통해 수격 (water hammer) 현상에 의한 소음을 감소 .


With FSI (Hysteresis)

Without FSI (only Structure)

Automotive Hydraulic Engine Mount


Parametric Study of a Check-Valve

ADINA-FSI is used as the tool in a parametric study of check-valve design features, The parametric study is the basis for an improved check-valve design. A comparison is made between experimental data and the results from ADINA-FSI, and the comparison is very good.

Particle Trace PlotParticle Trace Plot


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Rotating-Disk-Activated Valve for an Exhaust System

Solid: Elastic materialFluid: Air (high speed compressible flows)

Fluid flow within the chamber

Stress of Valve

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Membrane Valve

This example shows the flow through a valve. The valve is partly closed by an elastic membrane. The increasing pressure in the inlet of the tube increases the velocity. This causes an ascending dynamic pressure on the membrane. The membrane deforms more and more and closes the valve.


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FSI analysis for Various Valves

Reciprocating Compressor

Two valves activated by a piston motion Rotating valve ABS Check valve

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CFD Thermal Analysis with Specular Radiation of Car Headlamp

Comparison with Test Results (Thermal Camera Measurements)

Specular radiation + Fluid flow (viscous incompressible flow, temperature dependent properties )

+ Conjugate heat transfer

Reference: W. I . Moore et al. “Thermal analysis of automotive lamps using the ADINA-F coupled specular radiation and natural convection model”, Computers & Structures

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감사합니다감사합니다 !!

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서울시 강남구 삼성 2 동 120-17 호 jj 빌딩 2 층 / 에이블맥스㈜ adina (automatic...

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