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aTe aT xe, a.Areope, reoMeTpHH, pyccKOMY

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Jl3hlK.J, ReMCllKOMY J1311lKY, <J>e3HKe H XHMHH B

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Spisa/y.Ru MliI JKJlCM KaJKJlOro!

Unit 1 Unit2 Unit 3 Unit4 Unit5 Unit6 Unit7 Unit8

Contents

New Millennium English 10 Student's Book

13 18 25 28 33 37 43 48

• Quiz

New Millennium English 10 Student's Book

u~41 Lessons 1-2

1 New Millennium English (AHTJIHHCKHH HOBOro Tb!Cj{qene'l'lUI) 2 8 units 3 information about a British University - 1 (lessons 5-6), a text about Bill

Gates - 4 (lessons 7-8), description of festivals and traditions - 3, a picture of Olga Korbut - 6 (lessons 3-4), a story about dinosaurs - 7 (lesson 7- 8)

4 lesson 9 of each unjt 5 see grammar reference section at the end of this book 6 see list of active vocabulary at the end of this book 7 see grammar reference section at the end of the book 8 expressing yourself 9 see extensive reading section 10 exercise, listening, homework, group-work, presentation, evaluation CJIOBap.b, OOMOIIU>. Kapra, cnoaa ,WU! BCTaBKH, BOilpOCbI K TeKCT)',

I.A. a ) Ha'IIDI HOBYJO TeTpa~b ,WU! 3aITHCH CJIOB b) npH06peTR,,XOpOWHH CJIOBapb c) B pa6oqeli TeTpa)VI ecTb ynpaxrneBHJI Afl" ~OilOJJHHTenbHbIX 3aHJmm.

Ilonh3yHC" HMH nocne KfilK)lOro ypoKa d) IlbJTaHC.11 <rHTaTb MHOf'O, HaCKOJlbKO B03MO:>KHO e) so apeM.11 pa6oTbI a napax H rpynnax pa3roaapHBaii no-anrm1iicKH f) npoaepm ce6.11 nocne Ka~oli qacTH g) Y'fil. KaK CJIOBa, TaK H cppa3bl

1. B. (eo3M0:>1CHb1e eapuaHmbl) Watch movies in English; make friends with native speakers; doo!t give

up if you .don't make progress.

2. A. (eo3MOOfCltble eapuaHmbt) The little boy in the left upper comer of the picture

is frustrated. The little boy in blue jacket is cheerful .• The boy in brown sweater looks nervous. The boy with camera is enthusiastic. The little girl with flowers looks confused. The boy who is sitting on a bench is bored. The boy who is talk­ing to him looks excited. The teacher is delighted. The boy who is giving flowers to the teacher is proud. The boy wearing a hat is confident The boy in the right lower comer of the picture looks anxious. The boy with a book seems inspired.

28. Ta:wr - 16-years-old, first year in the upper secondary class ( 10 KJiacc)

13

)l;MHTpHii - not indicated. guess is that he is younger than Tanya Katll - 14-years-old, has just passed her exams (9 KJiacc) rpHropHif - 17-years-old, last year at school, going to university next year

2 C. TaHll- delighted to see all her friends again after summer holidays }l;MlfTpH.H- is nervous about English classes KaT'1 - excited because she likes working hard at school and was bored

at home during the holidays rpHropHif - often feels frustrated, as there are too many rules at school

3.A. (eo3MO:JICHble eapuaHmbz) First days at school; far away from home

3 B. a) yes (millionbillionwillion, lessin, glassroom, yellowwellie, tea-chers,

there is puddles) b) the little boy plays with words that are new for him, he doesn't know

what they exactly mean c) lesson, yelfow wellingtons, classroom, teacher, there are puddles d) He feels lost, confused, frightened, nervous

4.A. «Used to» o603HaqaeT qTO-mr6o, qro npOI-lCXO.l(RJlO B npOllIJJOM, HO Re

IIpOHCXOJ:UfT ceifqac.

4 B. (eo3MO:JK:Hble eapuaHmbz) I used to do my homework every day when I was

7 but now I don't. I used to wear uniform, but now I don't.

5. (eo3Mo:JICHbze eapuaHmbz) 1st of September: Excited to meet all my friends

after such a long holidays. Had a wonderful party. Had two newcomers in our class. Jhey looked lost and nervous.

3r of September: Joined computer classes. Very interesting and useful. Other classes are dull.

7th of September: Got a new teacher of chemistry. Seems chemistry is much more interesting than I expected.

Lessons 3-4

l.A. 3TH senm: aenpHeMJteMLI B tnKone.

2. A. a student - B a teacher -A a parent :- C

2B. true -1, 5, 6 false 2, 3, 4

14

4.A. These school reguJations are for teachers only (they dates back to 1915,

New Zealand).

4 B. \'' Ways of permitting: none , · v Ways of forbidcling: you will not keep company with men; you may not

visit ice cream cafes in the centre of the city; you may not travel beyond the city litllits without the permission of the Chairman of the School Board; )'OU may not ride in an automobile with any man unless he is your gather or brother; you will not marry during the tenn of your contract; you may not smoke cigarettes; you may not dress in bright colours; you may under no circumstances dye your hair; your dresses must not be any shorter than 2 inches above the ankles.

6.

1.

(eo3.MOJ1CHbLe eapua1-tmbi) You must not break a rule. You are not allowed to have strange hairstyle. You may not dye your hair. You may not speak loudly. You are not permitted to have a pierced lip or ear. You may not wear inappropriate clothes, cosmetics or jewelry. You are not allowed to interrupt a teacher. You should listen to your teacher carefully. You should speak up when necessary. You may distract neither your teacher nor students from lessons.

Lessons 5-6

(eo3MOJICHbte eapuaH1nb1) I think it is a student who is riding bicycle through a town.

The cyclist is wearing a gown. Students of Oxford and Cambridge as well as judges and lawyers may wear

such a piece of clothing.

2.A. (eo:JJwo:>1c1-1b1e eapua1m1b1) UK: Oxford (the oldest one), Cambridge, Lon­

don University. USA: New York University, Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, Yale. Canada: Toronto University.

Russia: St. Petersburg State University was approved by the Senate of the Rus­

sian Empire on 28 January 1724. A characteristic feature of this, Russia's first, institution of higher education was its organic link with the other two constituents of St. Petersburg's scholastic trinity: the Academy of Sciences and the Granunar School.

Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow State University was estab­lished in 1755. Every year Moscow University enrolls about 2 000 international students and postgraduates from all over tbe world. Moscow University has

• at its disposal more than 600 buildings and facilities including the sky-scraper

15

on Lenin Hills, occupying over l million square meters. The University cam­pus in Moscow covers 205.7 hectares.

Kazan State University Founded in 1804, Kazan State University is an internationally acknowledged centre of academic excellence, it is routinely listed among the 5 to lO best institutions of higher education in the country.

2 B -' Number ~ Founded In

of students 3 Interesting facts ~

St. Petersburg 1724 17 000 Mikhail Lomooosov was the university rector University from l 758 to 1760.

In the 18th century several hundreds of students graduated from the university. There are a number of famous people: writers, anists, politicians among the alumni of the university.

Cambridge 1209 15 500 The earliest record of the University dates University back to 1209.

The world's oldest-establish press, the Cambridge University press, started working in 1584. ' John Harvard, who started Harvard University in the USA, was the university alumni.

3. (803MOJICHble eapuaHmb1) I would prefer to study at Oxford University,

as I believe it may provide tbe best education in the world. Furthennore, I it is a pleasure to study at the oldest university where many 91mous people have studied. However, I should have perfect grades in my certi.fiEate to enter Oxford.

4. A. a) false (She didn't study at Cambridge). b) false (not all of them are from her experience) c) true (there are 3 main stories) d) true (seems true as she provided details)

Lessons 7-8

1. (603MOJ1CHb1e aapuaHmbz) these teenagers are students who participate

in an exchange program. 1 China 2 USA 3 Asia 4 Europe 5 Africa 6 Britain

2. A. (ao3Mo.,1e>1b1e eapua1tmb1) l These teenagers are going to study in another

country. I They are going to visit another country. 2 It's interesting to learn what they are feeling and what they expect from

their trips.

16

3 They may experience language problems, adaptation difficulties and problems caused by difference between countries rules and traditions.

4 The feelings and experience received from ·such trips are hard to forget. I They can't get such experience in any other way.

2B. (eosM001CHb1e eapuaHmbz) l The people know very little about Russia

before the program. , 2 «They started putting faces and names to a country that during their child­

hood was their enemy». 3 The little daughters as well as the author learned a lot about Russia

through the Russian girl's eyes. 4 She was exposed to art and started drawing.

3.A. (803.Mo:>1c11b1e eapua11mb1) Both American and Russian students may learn

• a lot about another country; make friends with local people, vi.sit the famous and interesting sights.

3B. Know more about another country; to break stereotypes; build a new bridge

between two countries.

3 c. l Russian may learn more about America and Americans may learn about

what real Russians are. This is an opportunity to break stereotypes. 2 A person should have good knowledge of English, ability to adapt to dif­

ferent ways of live and should be able to make friends easily. He/she should be flexible, outgoing and have a good sense of humor.

3 People who takes exchange programs desires to learn more and more. 4 The major problems exchange students may face are adaptation to a new

situation and new people. 5 Russian may meet real Americans and otherwise. They then may apply

received knowledge to their live and work and etc.

3 D. I b) 2 a) 3 d) 4 c) 5 e) 6 b) 7 f) 8 g)

4.A. (803.MO:JteNbte eapuanmbl} The writer has a good command of'English and

clearly explains why he would like to participate in tJ1e exchange program.

4B. (803MO:JICHt>le 8apuw1mb1) Dear Sir/Madam, I've decided to take part in the Students' Exchange program. First of all, I've been dreaming about getting education in Britain for all

rny school life. Thus, I've read a lot about Britain, its culture, history and traditions. r am interested in English language and therefore 1 attend English language courses and trying to learn it as much as 1 can.

17

After school T'm going to go to St. Petersburg University to continue learn­ing English, as I'd like to become a translator aod an interpreter. This exchange program will help me a lot to learn Britain «from inside». I also believe that I may contribute a lot to this program, as I may share my profound knowledge of Russian history aod language with English students.

In conclusion, participation in this program will allow my dream to come true.

Best regards,

Lesson 9

J.A. I past simple 2 present perfect 3 past simple 4 past simple

lB. 5 infu1itive 6 present perfect passive 7 present perfect 8 present simple,

3 n., e.n.. tt. 9 future simple I 0 present simple, 3 11., e.n.. Y.

4. I Mory 2 .n.om1<eH 3, 4, 5 future simple 6 .n.om1<Hhl 7 MO)f(e'J'e 8 pa3peweHo

9 MO)f(eTe 10, 11 pa3pemeHO 12 .IJ.OIDl<Hbl

5. to sit exams; put at risk; unacceptable; distract other students from

Unit 2

Lessons 1-2 J

J. I

(ao3htO;JJCHble aapuaHmb1) I This is a person who belongs to a particular teenage group.

2 He looks like that to demonstrate his attitude/belonging to the group. 3 Straight edge

2.A. Yl.JacTsosarh a 3amuTe npas )f(lfBOTHI>IX. Cne.n;osan serernpHaHc1<oi1

.lll1eTe. I1MeTL onpnHblli sHeunnrn aim.

2 B. a) 4 b) l c) 5 d) 2 e) 3

2C. J no 2 no 3 extremist (::i1<cTpeM11CT) 4 They want other people to under­

stand their philosophy and comply with its rules. 5 Fashion is important for thetn, as it is allowed them to demonstrate that they belong to this particular group. 6 a)

Narrow-mindedness - an inclination to criticize opposing opinions or shocking behavior

1·8

Make a statement - A presentation of opinion To get their message across - communicate successfully, to be or cause

to be readily understood Like-minded friends - Of the same turn of mind.

l,

2D. 'f. ·" (803.MO;)ICHbJe <JapuaNmb1) 1 They'can't agree within the group because ihe

members take their beliefs to different extremes. 2 They are aggressive to other people because they are impatient-With any­

one who drinks, smoke and don't fit to their philosophy. 3 A typical straight edger has a tidy appearance, usually wears baggy trou­

sers and T-shirts. 4 This is popular among teenagers because some of them may contribute

to the world in general, others belong !o a group of like-minded.

4.A. A unhappy B intolerant both have negative meanings and represent

people's feelings 1

4B. In: ineffective; intolerant; Im: impolite; impatient; impossible; impure; Un: unusual: unfortunate; ungrateful; unfashionable; unfair; unfamiliar

5. Dictionary isn't required, as these words are international and .exists

in a similar form in several languages.

6. noun verb + preposition adjective

involvement involve (in) involving I involved tolerance tolerate tolerant: showing tolerance

He's ve1y tolerant towards his neighbors. mepnu.MblJI tolerable: 1 able to be borne or endured The heat was barely tolerable. 8btHOCW.t1>1i1

·, 2 quite good The food was tolerable. cHoC111>1u dependep:ce depend (on) dependent:

1 relying on (someone etc) for (~~cial) support He is totally dependent on his parents. HGXOOJIUfUUCJI Ha U:J/coueeHUU 2 (of a future happening etc) to be decided by Whether we go or not is dependent on whether we have enough money. 06yC1108JleH11b1.i1 dependable: trustworthy or reliable I know he'll remember to get the wine-he's very dependable. HaOif:JICHblU

DOUD verb + preposition adjective

difference differ (from) different ·-' agreement agree (to/with/on) agreeable _tt• patie[lce to be patient with patient ,,«i~

l._='

Lessons 3-4

1. (801.MO:>tCflble 8apua11mb1)

Hippies - The hippie subculture was originally a youth movement that arose in the United States during the mid-1960s, swiftly spreading to other counfries around the world. The etymology of the tenn ·hippie' is from hipster, and was in.itially used to describe beatniks who had moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district. These people inherited the countercuJtural values of the Beat Generation, created their own communities, listened to psychedelic rock, embraced the sexual revolution, and used drugs such as marijuana and LSD to explore alternative states of consciousness.

ln January 1967, lhe Human Be-In in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco popularized hippie culture, leading to the legendary Summer of Love on the West Coast of the United States, and the 1969 Woodstock Festival on the East Coast. H.ippies in Mexico, known as jipitecas, fonned La Onda Ch.icana and gathered at Avandaro, while in New Zealand, nomadic housetruckers prac­ticed alternative Ufestyles and promoted sustainable energy at Nambassa. ln the United Kingdom, mobile <q>eace convoys» of New age travellers made summer pilgrimages to free music festivals at Stonehenge. In Australia hippies gathered at Nimbin for the 1973 Aquarius Festival and the annual Cannabis Law Reform Rally or MardiGrass. lo Chile, «Festival Piedra Roja» was held in 1970 (following Woodstock's success), and was the major hippie event in that country.

H.ippie fashions and values had a major effect on culture, influencing popular musi~. television, film, literature, and the arts. Since the widesr,read movement in the 1960s, many aspects of hippie culture have been assimilated by mainstream society. The religious and cultural diversity espoused by the h.ippies bas gained widespread acceptance, and Eastern phi losophy and spiri­tual concepts have reached a wide audience. The hippie legacy can be observed in contemporary culture in myriad forms - from health food. to music festivals, to contemporary sexual mores, and even to the cyberspace revolution.

Goths - The goth subculture is a contemporary subculture found in many countries. It began in the United Kingdom during the early 1980s in the gothic rock scene, an offshoot of the punk genre. The goth subculture has survived much longer than others of the same era, and has continued to diversify. Its imagery and cultural proclivities indicate influences from nineteenth century Gothic literature along with horror fi lms.

The goth subculture has associated tastes in music, aesthetic.s, and fash­ion, whether or not all individuals who share those tastes are in fact members of the goth subculture. Gothic music encompasses a number of different styles.

2Q

Styles of dress within the subculture range from deathrock, punk, androgy­nous, Victorian, some Renaissance and Medieval style atfire, or combinations of the above, most often with black attire, makeup and hair.

Punks - The punk subculture emerged in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia in the mid-1970s. Exactly which region originated punk has long been a major controversy within the movement.

Two UK punks in a train carriage in 1986; note the hand-stenciled Crass symbol painted on the coat of on the man on the right

Early punk had an abundance of antecedents and influences, and Jon Sav­age has described the subculture as a «bricolage» of almost every previous youth culture that existed in the West since the Second World War «stuck together with safety pins)>. Various philosophical, political, and artistic move­ments influenced the subcultnre. In particular, punk drew inspiration from several strains of modem art. Various writers, books, and literary movements were important to the fonnation of the punk aesthetic. Punk rock bas a variety

~ of musical origins both within the rock and roll genre and beyond. The earliest form of punk rock, named protopunk in retrospect, started

as a garage rock revival in the northeastern United States in the late 1960s. The first ongoing music scene that was assigned the punk label appeared in New York City between 1974 and 1976. At about the same time or shortly after­ward, a punk scene developed in London. Soon after, Los Angeles became home to the third major punk scene. These three cities formed the backbone of the burgeoning movement, but there were also other scenes in a number of cities such as Brisbane and Boston.

Around 1977, the subculture began to diversify with the proliferation of factions such as 2 Tone, Oil, pop punk, New Wave, and No Wave. lo the United States during the early 1980s, punk underwent a renaissance in the fonn of hardcore punk, which sought to do away with tbe frivolities introduced in the later years of the original movement, while at the same time Britain saw a parallel movement called streetpunk. Hardcore and street­punk then spread to other regions just as the original subculture bad. In the mid-1980s to the early 1990s in America, various underground scenes either directly evolved from punk or at least applied its attitudes to new styles, in the process producing the alternative rock and iodje music scenes. A new movement in the United States became visible in the early and mid- l 990s that sought to revive the punk movement, doing away with some oftbe trap­pings of hardcore.

2. a) punks (J970-1980) b) Goths (1980-1990) c) hippies ( 1960-1970)

4. (603.MO:JICllbte 6apuaumbt) It is true that to belong to a group'or not is an

open question for everyone. Some people say tbat it's good that such move­ments exist. Other people have a different point of view and believe that groups

• should be removed from the streets. On one hand each teenager wants to differ

21.

from others and intended to express himself, on another hand he or she needs to have feelings of security and safety as well as to be understood. Belonging to a group fills both these needs. A teenager who belongs to a group is accom­panied by a team of like-minded people. Thus, he/she is well understood and feels safe. As l result my opinion is that it is good to be a part of a group. You just need to choose the one you like.

Lessons 5--6

1. (Bo3MO:JICHble BapuaHmbz) People use body language (gestures and move­

ments) to ~ertheir message across.

3.B. { 1 BOJIHemfe 2 HeysepeBHOCTb 3 oaaceHHe 4 ysepeHHOCTb

S.A. Feel less than confident; to be uncertain of ourselves

SB. Feeling secure: radiate sense of confidence, to be perceived as confident

and attractive, to feel confident, to be sure of oneself, sit on a sofa with your arms stretched out along the back of it.

Feeling insecure: defensive gestures, feeling unsure of ourselves, crossing your arms, feeling Jess than confident, putting your arms across your body in order to play with a handbag or a bracelet, tough you face or mouth, cover up what you really think, act as uncertain of yourself, a loud hollow laugh, bands tucked between crossed legs, eye downcast, to be unsure of oneself, to be defensive.

SC. To feel (un)easy, to be nervous, assured, shy, positive

7.A. confidence confident

defense defend security secure tension tense

perceive perceptive

7B. 1 ysepeHHOCTb 2 Ranp.11)f(eHHe 3 HeysepeBl!oCTb 4 061-1.Q'lliBOCTb

5 HanpH)l(eHHe

8.A. 1, 2, 3, 5 DyHKTbl

8 c. Wear bright colours, wear something you like and you look good wearing

it .• take few deep breaths to decrease tense, hold back straight and lift your cheek a little

22-

9. (603MO:>ICHote 8apuaH1not) I will wear bright colours and smile much more

than now. I'll try to stop crossing my arms and legs. I'll not touch my face and hair any longer.

Lessona 7-8

1. (603.MO:>ICHote eapuaHmoi) I believe hard work and education are the most

important for achieving success in life because education allows you to find better job and choose position and salary you want. And only hard work will allow you to make a career you dream about.

2.A. She might be speaking of her life and career.

2 B. Emily talked about her family 's support and faith, her personal qualities

(something stubborn about me ... and somewhere secretly inside me «l can do this»)

2C. T - 1, 4, 5 F - 2, 3, 6

3.A. (eo3MO:>ICHote eapuaHmbt) l What is your attitude to this? 2 the verb in the main sentence is in a past tense (sequence of tenses) 3 because of stylistic reasons in order not to repeat the same reporting verb

several times 4 I' m still sitting here pinching myself saying»What's going on?» 5 before joining RSC, as she did some acting at school and joined RSC

after graduating 6 to make the statement sound personal 7 to link the previous and the next paragraphs 8 to avoid using ·reporting speech to often and to present sequence of events 9 to emphasise that the action belongs to the present I 0 to make the report lively 11 to show that these events happened before others 12 the journalist; used to close the report by his/her own comment

3.B. (803MO:J1CHb1e eapuaHmbt) l They differ in language style, length, form

of presentation (text rather than questions and answers) 2 a report is a summary of an interview. 3 It should give the main idea what a report is about 4 a report language is more formal and neutral 5 to make a report shorter than an interview 6 reporting words allow adding speaker's tone and mood to a report.

2)_

4. A. 1 o-rpm.~aTh 2 RacTa11saT1> 3 06emaT1> 4 :>KanosaT&Cli 5 cornawaT1>CJ1 6

y6e:>K,naTh 7 OTBe4aTb 8 HanOM«HaTb

48.

5.

(603MO.?ICHble eapuaHmbz) A The boy denied taking the car. B The woman persuaded the man to buy it. C The boy admitted that he hadn't done his homework. D The boy complained that his teacher wasn't fair to him. E The lady replied that the train leaves at 12.00. F The man promised to pay the money back next day. G The boy insisted that he was right. H The man reminded the woman to pass the message on.

(eosMo:JtCNble BapuaNmbz) Mariah Carey is a superstar. Thus, it is hard to believe that she could ever have any major problems. Nevertheless, she admitted that «being a mixed-race kid was difficult». She recalled that she bad looked absolutely dreadful and had been known as «the bad girl» in school. She added that she had been really jealous of the leaders and had tough other girls and had become really angry when she had been 13 because she was insecure about how she looked and where she fitted in. She complained that when her older friends had left school she had been forced to face up to the other kids her gang bad bad rejected. She said that people could do anything that's physically possible if they had talent and determi­nation. The singer denied that she wanted to be a role model, because she admitted that she was not perfect. She added that she felt like she could

' make someone feel more acceptable and would always copnect with teenage outsiders.

Lesson 9

1. I present perfect, 3 n, e,n.q. 2, 3, 4, 5 past simple 6 past continuous

7 past simple passive 8 past continuous 9 ycJJDBHOe RaKnoHeRHe 10, 11 past simple 12 future in the past 13 past simple 14 0Tp1ui. cp. 3 n, en.q. 15 present simple, 3 n, e,n.4.

2. I complain 2 persuade 3 admit 4 deny 5 insist 6 promise.

4.A. 1 ll .ny111aro 2 B pe3yJI1>TaTe 3 KpOMe TOfO 4 3aTeM 5 CHa'!aJia 6 XOTli 7

.l(eHCTBHTeJJhRO 8 KpOMe Toro 9 TaK 10 3H8l0

4 B. l npHnaraT. np11naraT. 2 np1rnaraT. op11naraT. 3 cym. np1rnaraT. 4 cy~.

cy~ '

24

Unit3

Lessons 1- 2

1. A- IIacxa - KpaweHb1e slihi.a; B - Bo)!(J.J.eCTBO - BeTKa oMenw (a AHrmu1

Tpa;:un.1110HHOe yKpameHHe J.J.OMa aa 'po)!(,llecTBo); C - X:mnoy1rn - ThlKsa

2. Po)K,aecTso l, 5, 7 X::innoyHH 2, 3, 8 llacxa 4, 6, 9

3. A. 1 CTapHHHhIH 3al!(Hll.laTh OT 2 cymecTBosaTb c 3 CHMBOJI 5 Bhil:KHBaHHe

accou1111pyeTcll.

3 B. (eo3.MO:JICHbl.e aapuaHmb1) This spring festival dates back to Russian

• pagan times and is associated with the sun, water and fire. That day people jumped over bonfires which were the common symbols of the festival. They also swam in rivers and collected herbs that gave magic strengths and pro­tected against illnesses. This ancient tradition is still alive in some pans of Russia.

4. (eo3MO:JICNbze eapuaHmbi} I think tradition is the passing down of ele­

ments of a culture from generation to generation, especially by oral communication. There are a couple of Qther traditions and festivals in Rus­sia. For example, gth of March and 23rd of February.

S.A. Ba)!(HOCTb Tpa.nH!lHH a Ep1naHHH Tpa.n.1111.1111 a 0Kccpop.ne npa:i.nRosa­

HHe PO)!(,llecTcsa

Lessons 3-4

1. (603MO:>tcHbze ac1pua11mbt) Htt;:i.ei11<a - THnH'IHoe pO)l(J.J.ecTBeHcJCoe yro­

mett11e. Talking turkey 3Haq11T roaopHT.h OTKpoeeHtw, nepearn K cpaKTaM.

2. A. (803MO;)ICflbLe «apua11mb1) Lydia: 3 thinks Christmas is an excuse to spend money 4 hates every­

thing about Christmas 6 hates Santa Claus Roy: l thinks that Christmas is a great time of year 2 loves how Santa

Claus looks 5 calls all decorations rubbish

3. B. {tW3MO:>tcHbZe «apuaumb1) Since Roy is a rock musician, he often uses

words used by younger generations than he is.

3 c. Roy: close to positive Lydia - negative

25

5. (603AtO::>ICHbte eapuaHmb1) The recently conducted survey showed that the

majority of people love Christmas. It reminds them of childhood and gives feelings of joy and security. Moreover, almost everybody likes preparation to Christmas (buy gifis, decorate houses, sing songs etc.). The minority of peo­ple finds Christmas boring and too expensive. Only a few people admitted that they hate Christmas but the reasons remained unknown.

Lessons 5-6 1.

(BoJMO:>ICHbZe BapuaHmbt} Tbe idea of having meals together rem.arned uncbanged. However, the style/way of it has changed.

2. A. (Bo3MO:JICHble eapua11mb1) a top dogs always ate first, took the best bits and sat near the bowl of salt b a bowl of salt, as it was very expensive that times

2 B. (B03MO:JICHtne eapuaHmbz) 2 Top dog was the father of the family. He took precedence of all others. 3 Some old rules still exists. For example, a child should ask permission

to leave the table. 4 Children are forced to come to the table and comply with the set of rules.

2 D. (eo3MO:JICHtne eapuaHmbz) Unfortunately our family has meal together quite

rarely, as we all have.meals at different time. As a result if is a real pleasure when we have a change to get together for meal. We talk about everything and laugh a lot.

3. A. / I not specified 2 not specified

3 B. May and Might express probability; both of them refers to the past; they are

followed by perfect infinitive

3 C. (eo3Mo:J1CHb1e eapuaHmb1) 1 In the last century a family meal in Russia

might have been more formal than today. 2 There might be a number of people sitting around a table. 3 Parents may have been firm with children during meals. 4 Children might not be permitted to speak until spoken to. 5 Food might have been served by servants.

lJ>. (603MO:J1CHble eapua11mb1) I A Child ate something that requ.ires using

a knife during a family meal. Afterwards she asked whether she bad to use a knife. The child's father replied that the child should use it even at home. However, the cbj(d's mother didn't agree with him.

26

2 Whether table rules for «formal» dining should be used during »infor­mal» dinning?

3E. (eo3MO:JICHble eapuaHmbz) 1 The child might have been interested in the

table rules. 2 The mother might have an argument with the father. 3 The mother might want to ask for a piece of advice from the newspaper. 4 The father might not be right. 5 It might be OK that the child didn't use a knife.

4.A. Susie - against Roger - neutral Nick & Bell - for

4B.

~s.

I.

a) Nick b) Susie c) Bell d) Roger

For: ab c Against: f g Interesting points: e

L esson s 7-8

(eo3MOJICHble eapuaHmbl} 1 these people are celebrating festivals. 2 A Brazil B Russia 3 They are doing this for fun. 4 I' d love to take part in both of them.

3. A. Fantastic costume displays and drum music

5. B. I, 2 Present simple passive 3 Present simple 4, 5, 6, 7 Past simple 8 Present

simple passive 9, 10 Present simple

6. (803MOJICHble eapuaHmbt) Shrovetide is the most jolly and widely celebrated

holiday in Russia ever since the ancient times. Initially Shrovetide was a pagan holiday, devoted by our ancestors to the Volos, the god of domestic animals. The historians suppose that just like many other peoples, we celebrated New Year's Eve at the time of the vernal equinox. They also suppose that tbe March year, introduced by the Roman was counted in accordance with the pagan year, while the civil year started in September. Shrovetide is the last holiday of Rus­sian winter before the Lent.

Shrovetide week shall start on March 3 and end on March 9. It's just the time when the winter's cold and dark are overcame by the coming spring. The weather becomes warmer, the light day becomes longer and longer. For this reason, initially, this holiday was the funeral feast for the winter and cold weather, and the celebration of insurrection of light and warmth of spring.

27

Since ancient times, the people buy a lot of fish, butter, eggs, and flour, both wheat flour and buckwheat flou r. Buckwheat pancakes were the main dish of the Shrovetide. After having pancakes, the people usually went for a slide down the iced hill and celebrated outside.

Lesson 9

1. I Present simple passive 2 , 3 Present simple 4 Present simple passive

5, 6 Present simple 7 Present perfect passive 8, 9, 10 Past simp:le 11 Past simple passive 12 Past simple 13,, 14 Present simple L5 Present simple passive 16 Present simple 17 Past simple passive 18 Future simple 19, 20 Present simple

2. I ,naBflflWHRH 2 OTHOCflTCJJ K 3 rop,nblH 4 (3aBTpaK) 00,Il.lUI 5 OCTaTKH

6 Future simple passive 7 HMeTb MecTo 8 OT (6one30eu) 9 ,D.enpecci;rn1rnii 10 Yl-lflKaJibHblH

3.

4.

5.

I ... might/may have left ... 2 ... may/might not have meant ... 3 ... might/may have seen .... 4 ... may/might not have enjoyed ... 5 ... might/may not have ....

around/about -1 on - 2, 8 into - 3, 4, 5 around - 6 in - 7,12,13 at - 9 onto/on -10 between - 11 · from - 14, 15

l

~ ~I

I IQ\pHasan 2 HH.D.eiiKa 3 (across) TbIKBa 3 (down) pa3penreH.»e 4 OMena 5 Po>K.necrno 6 OI<c<f>op.D. 7 (across) Ilacxa 7 (down) .sai~o 8 JloH,noH

Unit 4

Lessons 1-2

1. (803MOJ/CHble 8apuaHmb1) I would spend I 000 000 roubles on travelling

around the world.

28

2.A. Terry Caroline Russel AJex Olga

A little bit Not at all no no yes yes v

I I Have a lot How you look Good look Labels, of oossessions l(desismer clothes) oossessions

3. JllO)l;H CT81iOBHTCjJ see 6onee MaTepHamrCTH'1HblMli. ,[(JUI no.npocTKOB

Ba)J<Ha .D.H3ai1HepcKa1l O,!\e)J(.na, TaK KaK OHa ll03BOJJll'eT HM noKa3aTb rrp1rna­

,D.JJe)J(HOCTb K TOH HJIH HflOH rpyrrrre. 0,1\Hal<O c B03paCTOM HC06XO.D.HMOCTb

a ,nu3ai1Hepc1orx H .noporHx semax yMeHbruaeTCit.

4. (803.MO:>iCHbte 8apua11mb1)

1.

1 She is content with her job at the moment. 2 He is materialistic. 3 r have grown out of my strange hairstyle. 4 We are really impressed by your work. 5 I'm into rock music. 6 1 had to pack my possessions into the suitcase. 7 I have never wanted to be part of any group. 8 Music promotes materialism among young people. 9 It is a worldwide trend. I 0 Young people nowadays Jive in a competitive world. J J My friend wears only designer labels. l 2 He always gets what he wants.

Lessons 3-4·

(803.MO:JICNbte 8apua11mbt} These people live on the street because they are homeless. I feel sorry for them and I'd like to help them.

2. (803M0:>1C11b1e 8apua11mb1) Bad health may lead to unemployment. Poor

housing conditions may results in bad health. Debts cause stress and may lead to crime. Low pay results in malnutrition and lack of leisure.

3.A. (803.MO:J1CHb1e 8apuaHmb1) : The real change in poor people life's may only

occur if thy needs are learned and satisfied.

3C. false - 1, 2, 5, 6 (bas no money) true 1, 3, 4

3D. (803Mo:J1C11ble 8apua11mb1) Struggling against poverty may be a failure.

Sharing experience can help. Poor people can't afford to reach free facilities. Eating leftovers leads to malnutrition . •

22

4. A. (603MO;HCH&1e eapuaHm&z) 1 People who make decisions on how to help poor people. 2 People leaving in poverty should be asked. 3 Poor people should be asked what they need first of all. 4 These children can't keep up with the best of the class because they don't

have required· social and learning skills. 5 Parents want to help their children to study. 6 Her speech is so impressive, as she talks about herself, her family and

her friends.

5. A. a) c OrpaIDl'leHHblMH B03MO)!(HOCTJIMFI b) He,lJ,OOIJ,eHeHHbrn c) 6e30TBeTC­

TBeHl-lblM d) OAflHOKFIH e) Hecaoco61:1b1M. g) 6e3pa6ornbti1 t) HeTpy.uocnoco61:1&ri:1 h) HerpaMOTHblH

SB. a) 0)1.KHOKHH b) c orpaHH'leHHblMH B03M0)!(H0Cn!MH c) 6e3pa60TRblH

d) HetpyJlocnoco6R&IH e) secnoco6Frhli1

6.A. (603.MO;)ICHole eapu01m101) in all sentences subjects are in V-ing forms.

6 B. {eo3.MOJ1C11&1e eapuaHmo1) 1 We see millions wasted on the advice of academics who have never lived

in poverty. 2 Ask you before you decide policies and set targets which will affect our

Lives. 3 It is a vital tool in the fight against poverty and should be freely available

for life. 4 Adult Literacy and numeracy classes must be available! so that parents can

contribute to their children's education. 5 They need safe places to play and develop social and learning skills,

so that they do not enter school already disadvantaged.

6C. 1 Organising new schools will make it easier for disadvantaged children

to get education. 2 Learning to read and count will enable parents to contribute to their chil-

dren's education. 3 Asking a charity for help will help them cope with poverty. 4 Talking to people is not always easy for me. 5 I'm tired ofliving in poverty. 6 Getting higher education will help me in the future. 7. (eo3MOJ/CH&1e eapuaflm&z) There are a lot of people living in poverty in our country (i.e. elderly

people, lone parents etc.). There are also a number of homeless people. The government efforts to help them look ineffective. I think tbat the only way to help them is to increase donations/pensions.

30

Lessons 5- 6 2B.

Andrew a), d) Daniel b), f) Ann c), e)

3. a) TIOTep>ITb b) 610.n)J(eT c) He06XOJ:lllMOe d) cqeT e) noTpaTHTb (1-ra) f)

3KOHOMHTb g) coxpaHRTb

4.A. 1 o6wnro 2 ceijqac 3 HeCKOnhKO neT saJa.u 4 c Tex nop, KaK MHe 6hino

14 5 K cero,UHRllllieMy ,UHJO 6 B 6y.uymeM

4B. I qacTo 2 cei:fciac 3 B Te4eHHe HeCKOJThKlfX neT 4 J< 2017 5 a npownoM

ro.uy 6 ceif•1ac 7 cne.uy10m11.M neTOM 8 J< cero.uanurneMy .UH.IO

. 6 B. Y Bae ecr.& KapMaHtt&1e ,aett1>rn 11 pacxo,1J.1>1 - 6e3 rpaMOTaoro pac­

npe.uenemrn cpe.ncTB rrx MO)f(eT He xaannh ,l.\eaer aa nnaa11pyeM1>1e np1106peTett1ur. ITepcoaanhRhIH 6ro.n)J(eT rroMO)J(eT pew11T1> 3TY npo6neMy. CTnaRHpOBaRWe 61-0,U)J(eTa BKJ11QqaeT B ce6.H DOHHM8lme KOJlHqecTBa cpe,!1.CTB, KOTOpble y Bae eCTb H cyMMhl, noTpaqeHHOH 3a onpe.nenettRb!H nep110.n apeMem1. Kor.na 8hI nnam1pyeTe 61-0,n)J(eT 81>1 onpe.nen>IeTe, CKOJT&Ko .neHer B1>1 co61o1paeTec1> noTpaTHTb H cKon1>Ko C3KOHOMHTh. ,l(nn Mttonix mo.ueli 3KOHOMWTh ,neflbnJ - Tpy,ntta.!l 3a,naq:a. CnnaHHposaTb Barn JTH<rHbJH 610.n)J(eT BaM noMoryT cne.D.yI-OmHe coeeTb.I.

Lessons 7-8

1. (603MO:J/CHble eapuaHmbz} According to TV movies, a typical millionaire should wear expensive

clothes, drive extraordinary car and look fabulous.

2. A. (B03MOJ/CHble BapuaHmb1) 1 because literature and cinema created a set picture of a billionaire,

which is contradiction with an ordinary person 2 jeans, T-short, jacket, baseball cap 3 by rail

2 B. (Bo3111o:J1CHb1e 6apuaHmbz) 1 Bill Gates

3.

2 Head of Microsoft Corporation 3 no 4 an ordinary man, hard to recall

I Not at all 2 no 3 both 4 yes 5 no 6 yes

31

4.A. a) ynpJIMblR b) CH06 c) nenHKaTliblH d) RellOCJlYllIKbfW e) )J.OMHHHpylO­

~HH f) nt6KHH g) peaHITeJlbHbTH h) 6ecneqHbJH i) aM6HU1103HblH

48. I ... ness 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6 .. .ion 7 ... cy 8 ... ity 9 .. .ion

s. J ambition, consideration, decision, fiexibil.ity 2 easy-going, generous ..

6. A.(603.MOJ/CHbte <JapuaH1nb1)

These sentences have if and unless quotations.

6 B.(e03MO:>ICHble eapuaflmbi) If you are able to work hard you'll have a chance to become a million­

aire. Tfyou are become a millionaire you will be able to belp the poor. etc

8. (803.MO:J1CHb1e eapuaH1nb1) Then I invested that fortune into a watermelon. I polished it and sold

it at the end of the day. The next morning, I invested received money into 2 watermelons etc

Lesson 9

1. active l , 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, l L, 12, J 3, L4, 17, l9, 20 passive 2, 6, 7, 9, 15, 16, 18

3. 1 He06XO)ll1MOe 2 nOJIY'laTb noco611e 3 paCTO'lF!TeJlMfb!W 4 31<0ROMl1Tb

Ha (for) 5 6e3pa60THblH 6 nJTpacp 7 paCXO)lOBaTb HanpacHo,g BHHMaTeJlbl:JblH 9 3aHJITbCJI qeM-Jl. (with) 10 aM6Hl.l,lf03Hb!W 11 6e3 12 )lOBOJJeH 13 onblTHblH 14 )leJJHTbCJI 15 OJ.l,HliOl<HH

4. (603M0:>1CJ1b1e eapuaflmbt)

5.

I What is life in America like? 2 Where did the grandfather come? 3 Why did he come to a cafeteria? 4 Did anyone take his order? 5 Who informed him how it worked? 6 What did he have to do? 7 Where did he have to pay? 8 What could he take? 9 Will you ever get what you want if you wait for someone to bring it? 10 What do you have to do to get anything?

a) 6e3pa6oTHblH b) sereTapttaHeU c) TOT, KTO lfCKJllO'leH H3 KOJlJIC,!l)Ka d) ao1u~epxrnsaeT CB»3b c .a.py3bMM e) 4CllOB!!l< s .n.113aiiHepcKoi1 OJ.l,eJK.a.e

32

•

Unit 5

Lessons 1- 2

1. (60:JA10:>IC1tbie aapua1tmb1) People on picture C look like a fami!Y· People on pictures A and B looks

more like business persons (journalists,"scientific persons, psychologists etc.)

2.A. Household - a social unit living together Background - A position or area of relative inconspicuousness

or unimportance. In-law - A relative by marriage Childcare - Of, relating to, or providing care for children, especiaUy

preschoolers Extended family - A family group that consists of parents, children, and

'Other close relatives, often living in close proximity

2B. A John King B not mentioned C Christina's younger brother D Christina

E Christina's grandmother F Christina's grandfather G Christina's husband (Kypros) H Christina's mother (Andriana) 1 Christina's father (George) J Christina's uncle

3.A. 1a)2 b) (Andriana, Christina's mother) 3 c) (Kypros, Christina's husband)

4 d) (George, Christina's father) 5 e) (Helen Wilkinson)

3B. 1 chat 2 be close 3 safe 4 in 5 in-laws 6 needs to be cut 7 extended 8 chosen

4. B. a) o6m,ee MHettlfe b) 6e3onaCHOCTb/y,no6cTBo c) ye.n.1rnem1e d) ciecnroCT.b I

yna)J(eHMe e) 3a60-ra I ysa)J(efll!e f) o6w.ee MRem1e / 3a6ota

4 C. (603MO:JICNbLe eapuaNn1bt)

Caring: Christina's parents, who are getting old, can be looked after, as can her uncle, who is mentally handicapped.

Security and comfort: it's a lovely to have the family round you ... you fee.I protected.

Sharing: it works both ways; the chi ldren don't pay rent, but if the grass needs cutting or something needs doing, one of my sons will do it.

6. (603M0:>1c11bze aapumm1b1) To much carrying is annoying at any age I believe. 1 think every person

wants that someone carry about him but not too much. To much carrying may lead to arguments and break of relationships .

33

Lessons 3-4

1. (603MO::>IC11bte eapuaHmbt)

She looks upset and thoughtful.

2. A. (603.MOJ/CHbie eapuafl!nbr)

She may be happy because of living with her family.

2C. I qTo n co6npaioch c,nenan,; 2 poeTcn a MOKX semax 3 n03op1n MeHH

nepe,n ,u.py3hHMM. 4 Kor.Qa H pa.3roaap11Ba10 110 TenecpoHy c .npy3MtM11 OH cH11-Mae-r napanneJibtty10 Tpy6K)' .11 no.ncny1U.11BaeT ... 5 Me1ui pa3,nprot<aeT

2 D. a) KOMMeH'ntpOBaTh b) B03pa)f(aTh c) ReBOJMO)!(FIOCTh no6hJTb O){ROMY

d) )J;osepHTh f) YHll)KaTh g) KpHTHJ(OBaTh

2 E. (603MOJ1CHbte eapuanmb1)

1 She complains that she can't be private and no one treats her as a person. 2 Seems fair to me. 3 She is an ordinary teenager with teenage common problems. 4 She should try to talk to other fami ly members, explain her feelings and

try to find a way out altogether.

3. A. (603.MO::>ICHbte eapuamnbt)

She used continuing form to express that these actions happens «very often» or «too oftero>.

Other examples are: She is always complaining that it's her room, too. My elder brother is always making nasty little comments ab9ut me.

3 B. (803MO::>ICHbte eapuaHmbt}

My .brother is always asking embarrassing questions. My mom is always worrying about nothing. My dad is always nagging somebody about something. My parents are always treating me like a baby. My aunt is always complaining about her health. My father is always showing my brother up in front of his friends.

4.C. Keep doing

5. A. (603MO;)!Cllb1e 6apua11mb1)

l All the speakers experienced the same problems as Sasha. 2 They had communication problems with relatives.

SB.

'34

Try to stay calm and control your emotions. Treat each other fairly and respectfully. Argue only when needed. Listen and understand each other.

Establish family rules for conflict resolution.

Lessons 5- 6

1. A. (B03MO;JK;Hble BapuaHtnb1)

The text may be about a lonely gir11 ,. ' l D. (B03MO:JICHb1e BapuaHmbi)

1 Kelly doesn't have a stable home and moves from one family to another. That's why she has to keep her stuff in a suitcase.

2 The children home are OK, but it is not the best places to live. She would prefer living in a famjly or on her own.

3 She doesn't have control over ber life because she is a cwld and her mother can't care for her because of her illness. She uses a lot of «have to «and «get to» which means that he is not the one who make decisions.

4 Her mother is ill and she doesn't have a home and a family, she has · to change families and chjJdren's homes.

2. (803MO:>/Cflbte Bap11aHmb1)

Kelly bas to stay in children home. She has to keep her stuff in a suitcase. Sasha bas to keep .her room clean, do a lot of housework.

4. (eo3.1110:>1CHbte BapuaH!nbl)

To be on your own is bad because there is nobody around you, nobody wants to know what you are up to, nobody is interested in you (Kelly).

To be on your own is good because there is no lack of privacy, nobody feels jealous of you, you don't work for others (Sasha).

6. (603J110J1cHble BapuaHmbt)

Dear youth magazine, I'm writing to you because of Sasha's letter. She writes that she is think­

ing ofleaving home and I feel I need to write in reply. I can see her problems and believe that the majority of teenagers have the same. I used to have such problems as well. However, my best advice will be to wait. It may sound strange but it is true. In a couple of years she and her relatives would be the best friends. She will definitely miss them when she will have to leave them even for a couple of weeks, let alone months. At the moment I think she shou ld just try to stay calm and wait. I wish Kelly good luck and all the best. Yours ...

Lessons 7- 8

1. The generation gap

2. A. (eo3MOJ/Cftbte eapuanmb.1)

The songwriter wants to say that it is very important to understand your parents and grandparents, although it is very difficult.

,.35

2 B. 1 ooKonemre 2 3HaTb 3 OTeu 4 HaAe>K,D.bI 5 6)'Mara 6 6mrrbcll 7 cornaruett.11e

8 pa3m1<mbtli 9 cnywaTb I 0 n03J.UIO

2C. 1 llOKOJTem1e 2 OH )'Mep (QI 6bt XOTeJI 11orosop11Tb c HMM» 3 OJ-HI He 110HJ1-

Manlf .Qpyr J(pyra

2 D. (no3MO:J/CHble 6apua11mb1) arguments about children's rights and duties, friends and interests and any

other thing; misunderstandings

3. A. (eo3M001C1lb1e eapuaHmbz) because they have nobody to talk about the problem or they need an advice

that nobody could give yet

3 C. (eo3MO:JICHote napuaHmbl) Max's problem is that he and Ills parents have different understanding

of teenagers' needs. Liam's problem is that he can't choose and buy independently the clothes

he likes.

3 D. (803Mo:JICHbte eapuaHmbt) Both of them should find a compromise between their and their parents

needs.

4. A. (803.MO:JICHble eapuaHmbl) Go out - to take part in social life outside the home Do teenage things - do things common for teenagers Focus on - center upon to a certain thing Hang out - to spend a lot of time with a particular group Get somebody off one's back - To obtain a release Go out of one's mind- start to become mentally ill Make fun of somebody - make a joke about somebody that is insulting

or makes them feel bad

4B. I C (mother) 2 D (father) 3 A (mother) 4 B (father) 5 A (son) 6 B (son) 7 C

(son) 8 D (daughter)

6.A. 1 letter 2 written by Liam 2 style is different 3 I would prefer more polite

style 4 first version: must; it's a try, don't forget; second version: If you want my opinion ... , have you ever thought of ... , my advice would be ... , you'd bet­ter ... , you should .. .. , I really think you ought to ...

6 B. (803.MO:JICHble eapuaHmbl) If you want my opinion, you should introduce your friends to your parents.

Your parents will understand that they are good people and will know them. Thus, they will worry less about with who you are. I think you should also

l6.

assess your study. Wbetber it is good enough or you prefer communication with your friends to study? If yes, I would recommend paying more attention to your studies. That will make your relationship with your parents less tense. Whatever you do, never insult your parents, as it woo 't make your Life any easier.

1.

.~

Lesson 9

o6e~aTb 2, 8 He B03prutcaTb 3 npe,LlnOq}{TaTb 4 pe!IDITb 5 He XOTeTr:. 6 XOTeTb 7 He 003BOJUJTb

2.A. 136 245

2 B. 23 I l 4

2 C. 145 I 236

3. Tanya - Washing up/ Comes home late, Marina - Shopping/ Makes fun

of everybody, Olga - Cooking/ Forgets everything, Lena - Walking the dog/ ls a sleepyhead

5. l enjoy to listen enjoy listening 2 staff stuff 3 make fun on make fun of 4

let them to ha11g let them bang 5 no mistakes 6 naike them to do make them do 7 want know want to know 8 keep anything in seeret keep anything secret 9 we'll also have do we'll also have to do 10 eomplai:n to others 0 11 complain to others about

Uoit6

Lessons 1- 2

J. (603MOO/Cllbte eapuaNmb1) I Both pictures demonstrate climbing 2 The men's purpose is to climb to the top of the mountain and have fun 3 The monkey's purpose is to move to another tree and get some food 4 The first one is sport

2E. a) 110.JIY'UITb b) YJl)"'IIIJ.HTb c) OTHOWeHHe d) B03pac-rn e) eec t) )'MeHI.IlllfTb

g) pa3pelllaTb h) crropTHBHrut <jlopMa 1) IJPeOJ.lOJICTb

3.A. ace«+»

3r7-

3 D. (803.MO:JICHble 6apuaHmbz) lj)2f)3b)4e)

4.A. a), c) ... does b), d) ... is

4B . . . . IIOKa3bJBae'f CBJ13b Me)K.!zy npoillnhTM H HaCTOJIIUHM

4 C. (603.MO:JICHble 6apuaHmb1) I I feel more individual now. 2 I don't recall about my problems now. 3 I do sport regularly now. 4 I understand our planet better now. , 5 I'm fit now.

4 D. (603MO:J1CHb1e 6apuaHmbl) Alex's life bas completely changed. He is into cycling now. He has become

fit and slim. Sam has acquired a lot of friends and he has got the better understanding

of nature. Jane has become fit and popular.

6. (603MO:JICHble 6apuaHmoz) It is always good to do sports, as it allows you to be fit, healthy and

therefore happy. Moreover, sport allows you make friends with like-minded people and give you real pleasure. However, professional sport is absolutely different thing. Doing professional sport may damage your health and some­times life.

Lessons 3-4

1. (eo3.MO:J1CHb1e 6apuaHmbz) these opinions are absolutely opposite (positive (2) vs. negative (1))

2.A. l o6pa3eu 2 n0Json11n ce6e 3 TpeHHpoBaTh 4 TpaBMa 5 orpaHH'leFIHe 6

B.UOXHOBJUlTb 7 yqacTBOBaTb B cnopTHBHOM copeBHOBamtH

2 B. (nponYUJeHHbze CJ1oea) inspiration inspire coach indulgence indulge moderate moderate compete injury

competitive injure

2 C. (603.Moo1cHb1e 8apuaHmb1) these articles are about professional sport: preparation to competitions,

competitions itself, reasons of success, etc.

38.

3. A. (e03MO:>ICHble eapua1tmb1) How often do you have a chance to be with our fami ly? What did 'you feel when you won your gold medals? Did those feelings

were diffeient? How did your )jve change when you stopped training?

3 B. (603.MO:>!Cllble eapuaHmbi)

1 Bb1 6onbrne ue TJ)emrpyeTeCb. EcTb JTH y Bae cna6ocn1, KOTOpb1e Bbl ffe MOrmr no3BOJTHTb ce6e paHbUJe, a cenqac OHH cTanH BaM ,nocTynHb1?

2 KaKoli coseT Bb1 Morm1 6b1 ,naTb MOJTO)J.elKH, Ha)J.eJOl.l.(e0ca noHTH 110 BarnRM cTonaM?

3 KaK Bb1 paccna6naeTecb? 4 KTO 6btm1 BamHMH u,neanaMH e ,neTcTee? 5 KaKu:M 6bIJ1 caMbIH xyJJ.mHii MOMeHT a Bameif KapLepe?

3 D. 1 o6pa3e~ 2 copeBHOBaTbCll 3 rro3eonHTb ce6e 4 'I'peHnpoBaTbCll 5

TpaaMa 6 orpaHHqem1e

3 E. (e03MO:>ICHble eapuaHmbl) 1 Mary Lou Retton was inspired by watching Olga because Olga showed

emotions (not because she was a champion). 2 Doctors couldn't force her to cancel her participation in the competi-

tion after the knee surgery. 3 Olga was happy that she had been doing sport all her life. 4 Mary indulges in chocolate chip cookies, not in spaghetti. 5 Mary didn't like that she was coached aU her li fe. 6 Comaneci says that children will get a lot from sport despite the fact

that may not achieve high results. 7 Olga relaxes by swimming, playing ping-pong and cooking.

5. (603.MO::HCHbZe eapuaHmb1) Professional sport bas the right to exist, as it is beautiful and iqteresting

fo5 other people. Many people are fans of different sport activitjes and enjoy watching sport on TV.

Lessons 5-6

1. (6o3MO:>ICHbze 6apuaHmbt} A healthy diet and enough sleep are required to be in a good physical

shape. Hard training is required to be able to compete with other athletes.

2.A. Dpo<f>eccuoHanbHbIH cnopTcMeH - pro; 6bramu:il npo<f>eccnoaam.­

HbJH cnopTCMeH; o.u1rn H3 JTY'I WHX - top; rider - BeJJOCHIIe)J.HCTt; run out of gas - ycTaTb.

39.

2 B. (603.MO:J/CHble 6apuaHmbz)

The story might be about a professional cyclist and medications he was forced to tal<e.

2 C. (603.MO:J/CHbze 6apum1mb1)

The a,rticle may continue with information on tbe cyclist's attitude towards drugs. The cyclist wants to aware other cyclists about the situation with ·drugs ap.d that the drugs may harm their health.

2 D. (603MO::HCHoLe 6ap11awnb1)

The Bible and Irish Catholics probably don't allow using drugs. Thus, the cyclist might feel guilty.

2 E. I no, as «ex» means former 2 drugs 3 the system of professional cycling

(system because it has its organization and laws) 4 amateur 5 c) 6 to cease trying to continue (nOKHHY'f&, OTKa3aTbc.si OT) 7 .nomrnr-KOHTpOlTb 8 extremely annoying; exasperating

2 F. (603.MOJ/CHb/.e eapua1-tmbt)

How did Paul begin using drugs? What effect did it have? Why profes­sional cycling in Europe so hard? Does he think that he was cheating?

2 G. (603.MOJtCfrbte 6apuamm:>1)

I agree with Paul's way of solving this dilemma because in my opinion it is impossible to fight againsl a system.

Partially it was the pressure of the group: if everyone uses it, why not? He left professional cycling because be didn't want to feel guilty or tight

against the system.

3.A. l I, 2, 4 no 3. 5 yes

3 B. 1 Jf Paul Kimmage had stuck to his principles, he would have been forced

to abandon the Tour. 2 If theJ~e had been doping control in Cbateau Chiuon, none of the riders

would }}ave used amphetamines. r· '

3.c:' (603MO:JICHble BapuaHmbL)

1 Both types of sentences refer to unreal situation. 2 Sentences I and 2: ff. . . had had been verb-ed , would have verb-ed. Sentences 3 and 4: lf verb-ed, would verb. 3 Sentences 1 and 2 refer to the past. sentences 3 and 4 - to the present.

3 D. (8o3A40.?1CH1>1e eapuamnhl)

l If Paul Kimmage hadn't taken the injection of vitamin B with iron. he wouldn't make the first step.

2 If the international cycling authorities faced the truth about the modern sport, drug abuse wouldn' t be so prevalent.

40

•

3 If he had remained a professional cyclist, he would never break the Jaw of silence.

4 If he hadn't used amphetamine, he wouJdn 't give up professional cycling. 5 If the aim of athletes wasn't to earn money, they wouldn't be forced

to participate in each race and therefore take dll!gs.

3E. 2 but the authorities didn't face it. 3 but he broke it. 4 but he used amphetamine. 5 but their aim is to earn money.

3 F. (803.•1'f0:>1c1f.01e eapua1-1mot)

'"

1 Ecmt 6bl non Km1Ma>K He comac1mc.SI Ha YKOJI BHT8MJilHa £ c >Kelle30M, OH He C,lleJian 6Lr nepBbJH mar.

2 Ecm1 Me)KJl)'Hapo.nHhtii KOMHTeT no eenocnopTy He 3axp&IBan rna3a •l;ia npo6neMhJ cospeMeHHoro cnopTa, rrpo6neMa .nonm1ra He 6&ma 6h1 CTOnh pacnpoc'I'paHeHa.

3 Ecm-1 6b1 OH ocTaeanc.SI npocpecc110HanltHbJM senoroHU.U'll<OM, OR Re pacKpblJl 6h.t npaa,nhl.

4 Ec;m 6bl OR He HCITOJlb30Ban aMcpeTaMlrn, OH ee 6pocHJI 6hr npo¢ecc1rnHaJ1bRbJH aenocnopT.

5 Ecffil 6b1 UeJ!bJO ameTOB He 6bmo 3apa60TaTb ,11eHhrn, HM He npHXO,llHJlOCb 6b1 )'1'1aCTBOBaTb B Ka)KJlOH rOHKC H ,llIDI 3T0f0 HCHOJJb30B8Tb ;:i;omrnr.

3 G. ((IO:JA10:JJC11ble eapuaNmb1) 1 their results would be different. 2 they wouldn 't take drugs. 3 the death rate among them would be much lower. 4 athletes health wouldn't be damaged. 5 there would be no need in doping.

4. (eo3.M0.?1CH01e aapuanmbt) Dear athletes of the world! I'm writing to you because I've just found out that a numbers of athletes

use drugs. Please don't do it! First of all, it may damage your health and ruin your career. Moreover, this makes competitions useless. This is not competi­tion of athletes any longer but competitjon of phannaceutical companies. Let's say <<No» to drugs on the Eaith!

Lessons 7-8

1. (603JWO;JJCHble eapua11mo1) All these pictures describe dangerous sports.

2 B. (B03Jl10:JJCHbte eapua1m1b1) I yes, because aU these activities need physical efforts and skills. 2 risk, excitement, need to overcome your fear 3 no, I haven't had a chance yet.

41

3 A . . ..11 Reasons why people taJce risks Risky sports they Opinions about risk taking

- have done I Addiction, desire to go Not mentioned Don't understand big risk-

to extremes taJcers 2 Addiction, thrill, new Not mentioned Wouldn't try them because

experience, new emotions of his fear to conauer

3 Need, addiction Not mentioned It is too dangerous

3 B. (603MO:JICHbte «apuaHmbt)

All these people are not risk takers and have negative attitude towards risk taking. It is hard for them to really understand risk takers, as they have never done any risky activities in their Lives. However, they really try to understand them.

4. (6o3MO:JICHl>le 6apu01-1mb1)

1 Chris's opinion about risk taking is positive, while opinions of previous three speakers were negative.

2 Feelings that one may experience while rock climbing.

5. A. (603MO:JICHbte 6apuaHmbt)

I The city is in close proximity from the park as it can be seen on the picture.

2 Fantastic views, rocks and forests 3 anyone 4 Yes, it is. 5 they are doing this for fun and excitement. 6 Yes, I'd like because I love nature.

5 C. (603MO:JICHl>le 6apuaHmb1)

I Risk and you'll be rewarded.

l

2 O~y when you overcome some real difficulties you may unders~d what succe,ss is.

3 You may overcome your fear only by doing what you are afraid of. 4 Only those people who don't afraid of risk taking may achieve best

results.

6. (603MO:JICHble 6apua11mbt)

I agree that a person may overcome his fears only by doing what he is afraid of. He should try to do it and in majority of cases the person will understand tbat he may do it and will overcome bis fears. This will make him self-confident an,d help to fight other fears if he has any more.

Lesson 9

1. (603.MO:JIClibte 6apuaHmbt)

5 sports that don't need a ball: hockey, swimming, canoeing, athletics, weight-lifting, yachting

2 sports that need a track: cycling, 42

2 sports that need a table: table tennis, chess 5 things you can do with a ball: oaseball, basketball, football, volleyball,

tennis; water polo ' ~ 2 sports that need a racket: tennis, table tennis, badminton

' 3. .,, . 1 6oKC 2 6er TPYCUOH 3 ID<TeHHblH cnopT 4 6opb6a 5 B03.lzyXOIDlaBaHHe 6

napalillOTHhIH cnopT 7 6o6cneH 8 CKeHT60p.rurnr 9 aJibIDIHH3M

5. (B03MO:>ICHbZe BapuaHmbt)

A He has won a gold medal. B He has lost his ski. C Her weight has decreased. D He has been injured. E Her fitness has improved. F She is inspired by a figure skater. G He has been forced boxing.

Unit 7

Lessons 1- 2

1. (B03MO:>ICHble BapuaHmbz)

People use pictures of animals in advertisement purposes to increase sales, to attract people to goods, for aesthetic pleasure.

2.A. Power - physical strength; recreation - activity that renews your health

and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation; companionship - the state of being with someone; spiritual strength - strength concerned with or affecting the spirit or soul; food - any solid substance that is used as a source of nourish­ment; clothing - a covering designed to be worn on a person's body; aesthetic pleasure - aesthetically pleasing

2 B. (803Jl10:>/CHble eapuaHmb1)

The text may be about how people used animals in prehistoric times and how they 'use them now.

3.A. People depend on animals for food, clothing, aesthetic pleasure, power,

companionship.

3 B. (803MO:JICHbZe eapuaHlnbz)

Now people Jess depend on animals for power, spiritual strength, and prob­ably clothing. People now need animals for food, companionship and aesthetic pleasure.

3 C. (B03MO:>/Cllble BapuaHmbz)

AJJ of them, as all oftbem allows to earn money by selling pictures of ani­mals, their fur, goods for pets, meat and tickets to zoos.

4. B. a) false b) true c) false (true for 4-6) d) true e) true f) false

• 43

5. A. (ao:JJ>10:J/CHbie 6apUaflmbl)

The bee was domesticated at the end of the Neolithic times. Bees provide honey and wax that is used to make candles. Honey stopped being tbe only sweetener only about 200 years ago. Roney and wax are still used by people. Bees used to be used in warfare when hives were thrown to enemy troops.

5. B. (603MOJICHble 6apuaNmbi)

The guinea pig was domesticated in pre-Incao titnes. It was brought to Europe soon after the discovery of America. It shortly became a popular pet. Nowadays it is also used as a valuable research animal.

Camels are valued as pack or riding animals and also for their wool, milk, skin and meat. They are known only in domestication. Their feet enable them to walk on sand and snow. They may eat only thorny plants and dried grass when necessary. Camels store fat in their humps and may go w'ithout eating and drinking for a few days.

Lessons 3-4

l. (B03.M0:>1CNb1e BapuaHmbt)

A 2 the elderly woman may keep a cat for companionship. B 1 the man may keep a dog to have a companion for running in the morning. C 5 the woman may keep a hedge hock because it is nice. D 3 This man may keep fish for esthetic pleasure. E 6 or 4 the boy may keep a guinea pig or a turtle, as they are the most common children 's pets.

1. 8. ExotiG - strikingly strange or unusual, being or from or characteristic

of another place or part of the world

2. C. (803MOJICHbLe 8apuaNmb1) 1

I believe all the animals that usually live in wild nature such as lion, tiger, bobcat, all reptiles and amphibians as well as birds should not be kept as pets.

3.A. 1 a matter of honour - .n.eno lfecrn 2 concern - 3a60Ta, 03a6o<teHHOCTb 3

captivity - Hesomr 4 unpredictable - eerrpe)l;CKaJyeMbril 5 oppose - B03pll)KaTb a) Jh1or,lla 3TO «mo6oab c nepsoro s3rm1,lla» KOr)l.a qenoaeK yau.nen

)IQIBOTHoe .B 300Mara3J.1He, B cpe,llCTBaX MaCCOBOH HBcpOpMaUlfR EUUf me-m160 eme.

b) CymeCTByer ell{e OAHa npo6neMa: .l(RKHe )KHBOTHble .LlOJDKMhr 6bJTl> ocMOTpeHbJ se-repu:aapoM, 06na)l;a10mero cnea:1rnJJbflhIMH 3HaHWIMH H no.nro­TOBKOM s o6nacrn aerepaeapFm ,ll.H1CHX )JflfllOTlfhIX.

c) Co.Llep)KaHlf.e s Hesone nponmoeCTeCTBeHBo H Bhl3htBaeT cTpecc y .l(HKHX )KHBOTHbIX.

d) B aaqane Mono,lloe ){(HBOTHOe MO)KeT Ka3aThCJ! pyl.JHh!M, O.l(HaKo c ao3-pacroM OHO MO){(eT CTaTb arpecCHBRblM H Henpe,llCKa3yeMblM.

e) AMep11KaHCKrut Berep1IBapHru1 Me.11Jl1.lHHCKaJ1 accoa:mu.(liJ! KaTero­p11qecK11 B03pa)J(aeT npOTFIB co.nep){(aHW! .l(Kl<.HX nIIOTOJ!JlHbIX )l(HBOTHblX B KaqecTee ,llOMaUIKHX mo611MUeB.

44

3. D. (eo3A10:>1t'Nbte eapuaumb1)

a) «love at first sight» status symbol pet that doesn't require a lot of attention b) A pet should fit into household and expectation. c) captivity isn·t natural and cause stress to a wild animal. A wild animal

may be very aggressive. A wild animal needs tO\be examined by .a specially trained veterinarian. A wild animal may ti3've disea~es hanuful for people.

d) dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pig, hamsters, domestic mice and rats; bud­gies, canaries, doves, pigeons, domestic ducks and geese, tropical fish are good pets as they have been bred for thousands of years to coexist with humans.

4. (603.MO:>ICNbze eapuamn1>z) Dogs should be walked regularly because they need training and fresh

air. Cats should be kept separately from mice because the latter can be eaten by cats. Crocodiles should be treated carefully because ifnot you may Jose one of your extremities.

6! B. (603MO:JICllble eapumm1b1)

When keeping a turtle for a.pet, there are a few very important things that you need to know. Turtles need a Big Enough Aquarium: The truth is a big aquariwn is a great decorative piece for any living room, hall, or kitchen. Big aquariums are impressive and Lively. But the most important thing is that turtles need· enough room to move around and live. A good rule of thumb is I 0 gallons for every l inch of turtle shell. Keep in mind that the roost common turtle species can reach 12 inches. Turtles need proper Light: Lighting is very important for turtles. Many owners who don' t know bow to keep a turtle completely neglect this important fact Turtles need UVB light in order to produce vitamin D3 and regulate calcium. Insufficient amounts of vitamin D3 lead to Metabolic Bone Disease, which is the biggest killer of pet turtles. The proper flourescent bulbs can be bought at a pet store. Turtles also need a basking lamp for temperature control (being cold-blooded), but this is easy, as a regular incandescent bulb is ideal. Turtles live a Long Time: Turtles should live 20-50 years! Most pets cannot match this, and this .(actor alone makes h1rtles intriguing and exciting as pets. Your turtle will 'become a member of the family, and a constant steady companion througb the many stages you may go through in life. If you can meet the above needs for a turtle, then you can be a great turtle owner. You'll need to learn more details about how to keep a turtle for a pet, but the above points are the most challenging ones. Learn the rest of the details by getting a good guide book, and talking to the staff at your local pet store. I wish you and your green-beaked pet all the best!

Lessons 5-t>

I. (603MO:J/CHble eapuaHmbt) Unfortunately abandoned animals are a common sight in our region. These

animals were ether abandoned by an owner or were born in the streets .

• 45

2. A. (603.MO:>ICHble BapuaHmbl} People organise shelters for homeless animals where they may find

medical care, food, care and probably a new home. Such shelters exist both in many countries including Russia.

2.B. Organise shelters donate for shelters feed animals take animals to your

home support animals protection campaigns

3. {<w3MO:>ICHble aapuanmbl} Text 1: I The number of extinct animals is growing 2 50000 species 3 1 feel really sorry for all these species 4 to become extinct Text 2: 1 rescue 2 abandoned neglected ignored Text 3: I wctte3ROBeHHe, BbIMHpaHHe 2 elephants' 3 6b!Tb CTepTblMH

c .rm ua JeMmr (metaphor) 4 If no one buys it, no one will sell it.

4.A. Harm that peop1e do to animals: neglect abandon ignore commercial

exploitation captivity domestication Measures aimed to help animals survive: nature reserve donation shelter

4.B. l rro)J(epTBoBaHwe 2 6poweHH1>1i1 3 11cqe3soee1u1e 4 HCl.fe3aTb 5 cnacn1

6 npmoT 6powe1:11:1b1i-1 7 coxpa1:1.F1Th

6. (B03.MOJ1cnb1e aapuamnbl) Every year, more than 3 million dogs, cats, birds, rabbits, and other

animals are euthanized because they were born into a ~orld that does not have enough homes for them. For every one companion animal who lives indoors with a human family and receives the attention, health care, and emotional support that he or she needs, tbere are thousands just barely sur­viving. Millions of domestic animals never know a kind human touch and live hard lives on the street before dying equally hard deaths.

Others suffer at the hands of an unfit guardian who deprives them of vet­erinary care and other basic necessities: Social birds are left alone in tiny, barren cages for years as decorations; rabbits, guinea pigs, and hamsters are kept in filthy cages and only paraded out as a source of entertainment now and then; cats are left outside and often become victims of cruel people; dogs are left chained outside or kept in waste-strewn pens with only a metal barrel to protect them from the elements.

Every animal deserves a chance to thrive in a responsible and perma­nent home. Sadly, breeders, pet stores, and people who fail to sterilize thei r companion animals have created a tremendous overpopulation prob­lem that forces animal shelters to put millions of dogs and cats to death every year.

46

No one animal protection groups cannot end the animal-overpopulation crisis alone. We need everybody to pitch in! To learn how to help homeless dogs and cats, please visit .....

Lessons 7-8 1.

1. (eo3.Mo:>1CNb1e eapt1aNmb1) Safari - An overland expedition, especially one for hunting or exploring

in eastern Africa. People enjoy it because they may get esthetic pleasure. have rest and fim. Dinosaurs - Any qf various extinct, often gigantic, carnivorous or herbivorous reptiles of the orders Saurischia and Ornithischia that were chiefly terrestrial and existed during the Mesozoic Era.

2. A. (B03JWO:J/Cflble eapua11mb1) Eckels went to a pre-historic jungle for safari with the help of time-machine.

2. B. (e03MO:>ICHbte eapuaHmo1) • 1 punishment by the government, for example fine or imprisonment

2 the speakers are satisfied with the results of recently conducted elections 4 anti- means opposite, against 5 ln 1492 Columbus discovered America. This date means a turning point

to democracy 6 a statement that he takes all responsibiUty for his own life 7 adjectives

3. A. (eo3Mo:>1c1-1ble eapuanmo1) a) Gravity - (physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the uni­

verse; especially the attracti.on of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface; anti-gravity - Anti-gravity is the idea of creating a place or object that is free from the force of gravity

b) It's not my place I have no dgbt to be here c) cockroach

3.B. 1 xaoc 2 ueJiblli 3 BbDKHBaTb 4 rono.n:an 5 yRH'ITOiKaTb 6 nopo.n:a

3. C. (803JWOJICHble 8GpUaHmol) It is very difficult for a common person to survive io a pre-historic jungle.

He may easily starve to death because he can't or don't know how to hunt.

3. E. (eo3Mo:J1CHb1e 6apuaHmb1) a) Mr. Travis persuaded Eckels not to leave the path. b) because he repeated his words several times and stressed words «neven>

and «for any reason» and «entire» c) I believe he had a good reason d) see «we guarantee nothing» paragraph

3.F. Tyrannosaur Rex- It lived throughout what is now western North

•America, with a much wider range than other ty rannosaurus. Fossils are 47

found in a variety of rock formations dating to the last three million years of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 68 to 65 million years ago. It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist prior to the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event.

Like other tyrannosaurus, Tyrannosaurus wa1> a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a Jong, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusu­ally powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other tberopods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurus and one of the largest known land predators, measur­ing up to 12.8 m in length, up to 4 metres tall at the hips, and up to 4 tons in weight. By far the largest carnivore in ·its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratop­sians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over TyrannosaurtLS as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running debates in paleontology.

Lesson 9

2.B. J111ql:foe nHCbMO: 2 3 5 6 12 CTaTbJI B 3l:!l.(WKno11e,D,1u1: l 4 7 8 9 10 11

3. a) , b) 06.D.YMbIBaTb c) ,!l,yMaTb, Present Cont. d) AyMaT.b e) 113y'laTb, Pasr

Perf. f) paccne,!l,0Bam1e g) ocMaTp11aaTb, Past Pass.

4. 1 aM<t>H6HH 2 )J.OMaU.lHHH 3 OBl.(bT He JIBJHl!OTCH XHl.l(HH.KaMH 4 npon!S

5 00,l).TBep>K,!l,eHHe 6 3CTeTH'leCJ<Oe y,IJ.oaonbCTB!fe 7 TIOJ:lO,ll.bJ 8 3aBHCHT OT 9 npmoT

5. Heonp. apTHKnb - l (pe'lb o npe.nMeTe aoo6rue), onp. apntKJib - 2, 3, 5,

8. 9, 10 (pe% 0 KOITT<peTHOM rrpe.n.MeTe) 6e3 apTHKJUI - 4, 6, 7

Unit 8

Lessons 1-2

1. (eoJMO:JICHbze eapua1-1mb1) Computers and other devices for texts reading are substituting paper

books at the moment. There is a big chance that electronic devices will completely substitute books in the nearest future.

2.A. a) .UOCTyn b) COMHeHJ1e c) 3aMeH$1Tb d) H8CTOJll.Ill1M e) npe,UCK83b1BaTb

-f) o6ecne'f11BaTb g) OCTaTbCJI h) OHnaHH

48

•

2 D. l COMRem1e 2 OHnaMH 3 3aMeHJtTb 4 OCTaTbC.!l 5 .D;OCTyneH 6 JlOCTyrr 7

HacTm1m11i{ 8 o6ecne4JtBaTb 9 npe,ncKaJb!BaTb

2 E. (e03MO:JICHbte eapua11mbt} , I believe paper books will rema~lln use•but only in limited amount.

They' ll be used mainly by people who enjoy holding a book in their arms and turning pages. Moreover they'll probably exist in libraries but mainly ancient ones and an access to them will be limited. E-books will become much more popular as cheap and useful product.

3.A. Tipo.nom1<e1rne aepBHOH cHcTeMbI "!enoaeKa (eo3MO;)ICHble eapuaHmbz) 1 According to Irma printed books will not disappear and wi ll be used

..by a person who decides to enjoy reading them. She uses «will» what means «more likely». Might shows less degree of certainty.

2 a printed book is a book printed on paper; a book onlioe is a book that exists only in computer memory

3 can, may, are able to

3 B. (eo3MO;)ICHbte eapuaum&z) I Irma doesn't agree with Marshall that people will prefer computers

to books in future. 2 Irma thinks that printed books will not disappear. 3 Irma has some senrimental memories bow her grandfather read her

«Don Quixote de la Mancha». 4 She believes that books ooline are not replacing printed books.

3 C. (eo3;110:>1cu&ze eapum1mb1) I agree with Irma because sometimes it is easier and cheaper to read

books online. However, it is a real pleasure to hold a well printed and illus­t rated book in your bands and read it.

5. A. 1 has the strongest degree of certainty because there is the evidence

in the present - The process in going on 2 Demonstrate strong degree of certainty - I'm sure 3-5 show almost identical degree of certainty

SB. Close to «Not certainly» - may, might, could

· Close to «Certainly» - be going to In the middle - will

SC. «Won' t» expresses a stronger degree .

49

6. (eo3M0:>1CNble eapuawnbt) I think people will buy less paper books in 10 years. The majority of books

will be available onHne and people will save money reading them instead of buying a paper equivalent. Thus, paper books will become quite expensive.

Lessons 3-4

I. (eo:JMO:>ICHble eapuaNmbt} communication, work, study, entertainment, writing, searching informa­

tion, playing games, etc

2. 1 3JJ. nolJTa 2 111-ITepHeT 3 M)'filTHMe.o.11a 4 effp'J)'aJibHaH peaJlhJJOCTb 5

.o.ocryn 6 sRJrqecTep 7 c6oi1 8 «){(ene3o» 9 6asa .o.aHHD1x 10 Bflpyc 11 caiIT l 2 BCeMHpRM naymaa 13 J.J.HCKeTa 14 nporpaMMbJ 15 HOyr6yK

3. A. (803.MO:>ICNble eapum1mb1) l these words are the same part of speech as the defined word 2 it's impos­

sible to understand definition without the underlined words 3 words in itatic are given to specify information

3 B. (ao3Moo1cHble aapuamnbz) Computer - a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed

mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or oth­erwise processes information

Encyclopedia - a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular speciaJty

Convenient - suited to your comfort or purpose or needs To chat - talk socialJy without exchanging too much information

4 D. (eo:JAwotcHble eapuaHmbt) 1 Before travelling he looks at Encarta on CD-Room and prints a map

of the area where he is going to. 2 because some people start chatting with strangers onlioe. 3 He started using PC in 1983. 4 He had a smalJ thing produced in England plugged into the TV, a pirated

version of IBM copy, Macintosh. 5Machintosh is very user-friendly. 6 He would prefer a computer. 7 His eyes have got worse.

5.A. 1 one autumn day 2 so 4 then 5 finally 6 in any case

5 B. (B03MO,?ICHbte eapuanmbt) !Fact: it was cold and started to rain. f saw one. l crossed the street and

J was there. J sat at the round table and asked for a coffee. Process: 1 was walking. J was looking for a restaurant or cafe.

50

•

2 «I had never thought» was earlier than «I was worried» (past perfect vs past simple)

5 C. (803MOJICHble eapuaHmbz) One day I entered a cafe, which turned ou\ to be an internet-cafe. I tried

to talk to the visitors but they preferr~ talkmg to computers rather than me. I understood that future for peopte 'who aren't interested in each other is disguising.

6.(803MO:>ICHbze eapuaHmbz) One day a young man came into a computer shop. He talked to a sales­

man who recommended buying the latest model. The young ma'n did so and brought the computer home. He plugged it in but nothing happened. Then he tried to do everything but nothing happened again. Thus, he called a technician. When the technician came he asked what the young man had done. He was astonished when he realized that the young man had pressed 'the mouse by his feet to start the computer.

Lessons 5-6

1. (6o3MO:>ICHbte eapuaHmbt) 1 I think computers may be important in learning English to communi­

cate with native speakers online, also in physics to watch experiments on the screen instead of doing some that can be dangerous.

21 think computers are not required for learning biology and mathematics.

2 D. (803.MO:JICHbze eapuaHmbz) 1 Using Internet to send a Jetter or essay is help save time and money. 2 Problems have become more difficult. 3 It is easier to look up an answer in the Internet first and then go to

a library, as more complicated solution. 4 The author thinks that reading classics online isn't acceptable. 5 America students' scoring isn't better than students from other coun­

tries despite the fact that the majority Americans are internet users. 6 American education standards are low because of many reasons

including wide use of computers. 7 Students Jose their ability to use their brain properly when they rely

only on computers. 8 There is a chance that computers will become outdated and will

be replaced by a new form of technology in future.

2E. 1 a) I find it humorous that b) this doesn't mean that c) Yes, it is true that 2 a) as everything becomes more complex b) in my math class ... because

«for example» is used 3 Using Internet for research oppose the author's opinion regarding read­

ing classics online .

51

4 a) I am sure that. .. , I don't believe .. ., There is no doubt. .. b) However ... , But long with ...

5 a) besides b) in all ...

2 F. Arguments for computerised education: very convenient, can maintain the

contact with any part of the world, easy to find solutions for complex problems etc.

Arguments against computerised education: students don't challenge their brains enough, etc.

3 B. (603MO:>K:Hbte BapuaHmbl) There is no doubt that computers will allow us to reduce time you spend

on buying envelops and marks and sending letters by regular mail and allow a recipient to get the message as soon as he/she is online.

I'm sure that computers won't help people to solve their personal problems. Yes, it is true that students should learn to use their own. brains.

4. (eo3MOOICHble eapuaHmbl) Educational standards have lowered dramatically. That concerned parents

and teachers and may be resulted in limited access to computers for school children. That's true because the majority of children now use computers and Internet for writing essay and preparing home tasks. That's OK when the Internet is used to find any essential information. However, unlimited and uncontrolled use of computers leads to the situation when students don't write their own essays but download available on the Internet. That makes these tasks, I mean writing an essay, needless because a student doesn't demonstrate his/her ability of write and knowledge of grammar rules. Thus, I think the access to the Internet for school children should be limite.d to encyclopedia search.

1. Addiction

2.A.

Lessons 7-8

There is a special clinic for computer addicts. Maressa experienced this addiction herself. One of Maressa's patients lost custody of her children because of computer addiction.

... c TeX nop oea H3yqaeT mo~eii, 'IJMI )f(ff3Hb 3aBHCHT OT KOMJlblOTepa • • • 60JibIIIHHCTBO OOCTp~aBWHX ycJJO)f(HJ[}()T npo6ne~. OTpHUaJJ

ee Ha.JIH'lHe.

2 B. (603MO:JICHble BapuaHmbl) l I may guess that this may be psychologists, governments, people in gen­

eral, researchers

52

2 people: addict, divorcee, sufferer State: addiction, suffering, divorce

3 an illness

4. B. a) Some people become so addicted to computers that they don't care about

their everyday responsibilities. , b) Mike can feel reliefonly when he gets access to the Internet. c) The problem of computer addiction needs further research. d) Computer addicts often deny being dependent on the Net. e) After spending several hours in front of a computer you may suffer from

a bad headache.

4 C. (603M0:>1CH&1e BapuaHmbl)

Computer addicts usually feel relief when they have access to a computer and the Internet.

Computer addicts may suffer from headache, backache, dry eyes. Computer addicts may neglect their work, school and family responsibilities. Computer addicts deny their dependence on computers. The problem of computer additions needs further research. Computer addiction is a disorder which appears when people spend too

much time in front of their computers. Computer addicts can't control the time they spend at the computer.

6. (603M0:>1CH&1e BapuaHmOl)

You might consider finding a new hobby, something that you'll like more than computers. Why don't you try adopting a dog? It'll be a very good com­panion and you' LI have to spend time with it instead of sitting in front of your computer.

Lesson 9

l. ... checker ... PC ... marks ... review ... Mistakes ... I see ... mistake .. .

knows before too ... I right .. .It's really, really great.. .. through ... sure .. . pleased to know ... It's ... perfect in its way ... checker told me so.

2. (603MO:>ICHble BapuaHmbl)

- Hi! How are you? Busy now? - Hi! n2m but have to complete my English task ASAP - can help you if needed - tia. Have to go ® bbl - by

3. (603MO:>ICHOle BapuaHmbl)

Ta.KOH 6om.mou cpaRn:? BepoJITHO oqem, no11e3m.m. Ho ero }?Ke HeT.

B'lepa pa60Tan. Cero.nlVI ae pa60Tae-r.

• Windows scer.na TaK.

53

CHa'iana moy, 3aTeM THWHHa 3K_patt 3a TbICR'iY .no1111apos yMHpaeT TiiK KpacHBO. flo110MKa rrpespainaeT Tuoli ,noporoCTOJ!InHH KOMITbK>Tep B KaMeH&.

4. A. (eo1M0:>1CHb1e eapuaHmbz) l It means that old and experienced people don't accept new ideas easily. CTaporo Y'iHTb, qTO MepTBoro JJe'iHTb. 2 This proverb is about a situation when fewer people may work more

effectively than many people. Y ceMH HJIHeK ,nHTJI 6e3 rna3a.

3 It means that you should not attempt too much a challenge. Tio o,ne)l(Ke npouiHsatt HO)l(KH.

4 It means that a fool can loose something easily. y ,nyj)ilKa 6LJJJO, ,na Me)I( naJJbl.(eB BCITJlblJIO.

5 This means that there is no better place than your home. B rocT11x xopowo, a ,n;oMa ny11me.

6 This proverb is about a situation when it is more important to teach somebody to do something instead of giving him what he needs.

,l{ali qeJJOBeKy pb16y H Tbl HaKOpMHIIIb ero Ha .neRb, Haytrn ero JJOBHTb pbI6y - H OH ae IlOTpeBO)l(HT Te611 He,[leJJJIMH.

4 B. (eo1Mo:>1eHb1e eapuaHmb1) The sentences become humorous by replacing some words by computer

terms.

Extensive reading Unit 1

1. (eo1Mo::>1CHble eapuaHmb1) I I've tried to keep a diary but shortly gave up because I didn't like it. 2 I think teenagers often keep diaries because they have nobody to share

their opinion and thoughts. 3 The diary style often written in the first person, sometimes has to pro­

nouns, use abbreviations, usually written in past simple.

2. A. (eo3MO:>ICHbl,e eapua11mb1) I to tell Adrian that she admired the stand he was taking. 2 Pandora was organasing a sock protest. 3 No, he didn't. He lied to her. 4 He out red socks on. 5 He felt like a hero and then a bit scared. 6 He met them in the cloakroom. 7 Since his heart was beating dead loud one may say that he was nervous

and may be even frightened.

54

28. I because he had an idea how to punish them 2 the children will be punished 3 Yes, the punishment may be a suspension from school.

3. A. ' F~nny

3. B. (B03MO;>ICHble eapuaHmbl) Some things that seem extremely important become funny when you get

older. J think if the whole class wore red socks one day no one would notice.

3.C. «not funny at all» - dire ._ dreadful --+ awful «not very funny» - not particularly good- a bit boring._ so-so -mildly

amusing • «funny» - pretty good - quite good ._ great

«hjJarious» - fabulous -t brilliant -t superb._ hysterically funny

3. D. (eo3.MO:>K:Hble eapuaHmbl) - I believe «Election day» and «Day of Radio» are hilarious. Each actor

does the best. - I think both movies are just brilliant.

4. YBa)((aeMblH rocnOJ],HH HJIH focnolKa, K CO)f(aJJeH11eM 11H¢opMHpy10 Bae, qTQ Barn CbIH HJJH Bama µo'lb HaMe­

peHHO Hapynrnn (a) OJJ.HO H3 npaBHJJ Harneii DJKOJJbl. 5I oqeHb cepbe3l:IO OTHeCCJl K .u.aHHOMy 1:iapyweHHJ-O H OTCTpaHJllO Bamero CbIBa IUJ}f ):(0% OT 3aH.llTHH na o.n;Hy He.n.eJlI-0. Cero.n;HJI MOJIO.f(bJe JJIOAH \racTo ee nonyqa10T JJ.OCTaToqHoro MOpaJibHOro F1aCTaBJleH11SI .f(OMa, 8 CB.113H c 4eM .ff 'iYBCTBylO, qTQ 3TO MO.ff o6H3aHHOCTb rrpo.u.eMOHCTp11poaaTb TBep.n.ocTb a IDKOJJe. Ecn11 Bbl )f(enaeTe 06cy.n11Th co MHOH 3TY upo6neMy, nporny Bae o6paTHThCJl K MOeMy ceKpeTap!O, KOTOpblH UOMO)f(eT Ha3HaqlofTb BCTpe4y.

l1cKpe1:1Re Bam, ,LlHpeKTOp WJ<OJibI

Extensive reading Unit 2

1. (eoJMOJ/Cflbte eapuaumbt} I think it is going to be a text that provides 10 humorous rules for teenagers

and their parents.

2. A. (<JOJM0;>1CHb1e eapuaHmbz) There are 15 commandments written by a parent who tried to see things

the same way as teens do. B. (BOJMO:>ICHble eapuaHmbl) 1 I think the relationship called «guerilla warfare» because both children

and parents opposed to each other and it is like being at was attaching the • enemy unexpectedly.

55

2 I wouldn't call our relationship «guerilla warfare» because despite the fact that we sometimes have arguments but we are not opposed to each other.

3 Since MIS is the British Secret Service MIS tactics means advanced method of investigating secrets.

4 Fortunately I have never attend such parties but I've heard that they are extremely boring.

5 Master Right is a person who parents like and thinks that he is the best match for their child. However, that child doesn't like the parents' choice.

6 This is probably a prestigious school. 7 These boys are from tbe upper classes of society. 8 l don't have such problems as I don't like loud music. 9 Russian equivalent may be« 93pr,m Ha ~rnr<apoHHOH cpa6p111.<e». 10 l like Lhis diet, as l don't like wasting time on eating something con­

sistent of3 courses. l l No one like house duties and it is always pleasant to postpone it. Thus,

there is no better time to do an unpleasant duty is future. 12 Sometime we have simjlar arguments because I do think that the flat

should be clean but I don't like cleaning it. 13 Parents go through difficult age along with their children. 14 Early days of parenthood are mentioned here.

3. (eon10J1CNbte eapuamnbt) Po.a.HTenl1M He cne,1zyeT B03MyW.aTbcsr oo noBOAY TaKHx Menoqen KaK

ena/KHbJe nonoTem.i;a no11 KtJOBaTblO, He3aKphITbJe 6yThWK11 c KeTqynoM, p)J(aer,1e BMJJI<B B nonynycTOi1 6am.<e c 6o6a~ur, 3acyHyTOlf 3a JUIBaH 11 12 TOJJbKO '!TO norna>KeHHbIX py6arner<, 6e3Ha,n:e:>I<HO l13M.s!Tb!X, TaK KaK ICTO-TO pblJICll B rnr<acpy B IlOHCKax KOJJrOTOK. ~eTH He .UQJDKHbl JTHWaTbCl1 CHa - T1X MaTepH H OTUbT MOryT HaXO,UMTbCSI B CJJO)i(}{OMI '6yHTapCKOM B03-pacTe. K CO>KaJieHIHO, r<aK KOr,na TO CKa'3aJl 3HTOHH Day:mn: «PO,UJ1TeJHI 3aqacry10 - caMoe 6om,moe pa3oqaponaH11e ux .neTeli. 0HH pe,11.KO onpae-1lb1Bat0T FJa,ae>K,llhl, R03HHKULl1e BO epeMR no.sraneHHll pe6eHKa B CeMbe».

6. (603M0:/1Cflote BapuaHmbi} Teens should keep noses out of their parents' personal relationships.

Teens should help their parents to solve financial matters. Teens shouldn't comment parents' appearance. Parents' behavior is always right. Parents sbould keep a diet if they want they children do the same. Parents have a right to spend their free time as they like. Parents are not the one who is obliged to do hom;ehold duties.

F,xtensive reading Unit 3

l. (60'JM0:>1CH1:Jre BapuaHmbz} I usually have couple of parties: one with my friends and another with

my parents and relatives. The first one of course is fun and bri!Liant, the lat­ter one is usually boring but l don' t want to upset my relatives by canceling it at all.

56

2. (803.MO:JICHbte eapuaH/1/bt)

a) She is a mom b) her daughter c) they found the idea crazy and didn' t support it d) she supports her daughter because he bad promised e) her son might know what such parties are. The father didn't like the nwnber of invited people t) This is a party when guests stay ov~oight, do fortune-telling and interpret their dreams ..,

3. (803.llO.JICHbi e aapummtbl)

The party will be a disaster because the majority of family members didn' t even liked the idea of it.

4. (<i03M{Y.)/CHbte napua11mb1)

I Laurie thought that the girls would giggle all the time and he won' t be able to sleep.

2 Barry - leather craft set; Laurie - an album of Elvis Presley records; Sally- three books

3 Sally helped to clean the cable; father Lighted candles on the cake; mother brought a card table up to Jannie's room and laid it. She also brought a desk of fortune telling cards and a book on the meaning of dreams; Laurie - plugged the record player

4 Jannie - Elvis Presley; Laurie - an o ld Almstrong record; SalJy - «Peter and the Wolf»; Barry - «Space Men on the Moon»

5 fortune-telJing, interpreting dreams, eating, listening to music

5. (no:JA.10:>1CHb1e eapuaHmbi)

l She mentioned that but I think she was joking. 2 Seems that Barry is the youngest. 3 Laurie insisted that be didn't like it. However, it seems he secretly loves this music. 4 They are as friendly as possible for real children. 5 lt wasn' t mentioned. 6 They really tried.

6. (603.MOJICHble 6apuaHmbl)

1 These words are given in italics to emphasize them and draw reader'.s attention to them.

2 ... »this you will regret». This is called «inversion» and is used to for emphasis.

3 Repetition is often used in Laurie's words. This make them sound more emotional.

4 The first one is comparison of the party with the wooden horse of Troy and the second one is comparison of the girls' group with a troop of horses. Both comparisons are given to add humour to the story.

5 I believe birthday traditions in the USA and Russia are similar.

8. (603.MOJICHbJe oapucmmM)

I' d like to have a party that would last for the entire night but it definitely won't be a pajama party, as I'd like to have a dancing party. I would invite all my friends and ask my parents to spend this night away from home. The best gifts for me would be my favorite CDs and books.

57

Extensive reading Unit 4

l . (603MO;JICllbte eapua11mb1) A prank call, also known as a crank call, hoax call, phone scam or phony

phone call is a form of practical joke committed over the telephone. As with all practical jokes, prank calls are generally done for humorous effect, though there is a thin line between humor and harassment. Prank phone calls began to gain an America-wide following over a period of many years, as they gradu­ally became a staple of the obscure and amusing cassette tapes traded amongst musicians, sound engineers, and media traders beginning in the late 1970s.

2. A. (603MO;JICHble eapuaHmbL} running here means working but the guys meant «move quickly». Thus,

they recommended the victim to catch the fridge. Prince Albert might be a sort of beer. The joke was: since Prince Albert was

in a can he should be let out. They might enjoy safety of this way of playing jokes.

3.A. true - a, f false - b, c, d, e

3 B.(eo3MO;JICHbLe eapuaHmbz) a) to sound more reliable and educated b) Loraine began to wish she bad never bothered him and wanted to stop

the conversation whiJe John was interested and enthusiastic about getting some money.

c) I don't think they will take money because they liked safety of phone calls and getting money will uncover their names or addresses.

4. (603MOJICHbte eapua11mbt) 1 Lorraine felt that it was immoral to take money from an old defenseless

person who looked and behaved in such a kind way.

5. A. (803.M.O:JICHbte 6apuamnb1) Mr Pignaty: in his late fifties, pretty big with a bit of a beer stomach, great

big smile on bis face, a good Santa Claus, sound like a nfoe old man but terribly lonely

5 8 . (eo3MO:JICHble eapuaHmbt) Lorraine: furious about getting money from an old defenseless person John: ends up complicating everything, desperate for money

5 C. (eo3MO:JICHbte 6apuanmbt) r think it is immoral to play jokes on defenseless people but in this case this

joke didn't make much harm.

6. (eo3Mo:>1c11bte eapuw1mb1) This was one of duJI days which didn't differ from other dull days with

exception of the fact that J suddenly heard the phone ringing. I haven't talked to anyone for weeks and dido 't expect a call. [ took tl1e received and heard

58

a young voice talking something about charity and donations. First, I thought that the call was actually for my wife but afterwards I realized that this was just a kids' joke. However, I was so lonely and desperately wanted to see someone to talk to someone that I would agree on anything to continue the conversation. I just hope that they will come again and again a~d I will have someone to talk but the only thing they needed was mou~~ ''

Extensive reading Unit S

1. (eo3MO:>ICHble eapuaHmbr) Some creatures/people will never do certain things.

2. A. (eosMO:>ICHbre eapuaHmbz) The story might be about a father who hammered the door until his sons

cut their Jong hair.

3 8. 1 H306li.lllie 2 nonaran. 3 nperuncTBoaaT1> 4 no.u,HHMan. 5 ycMemKa 6

CIOTOMOK 8 6ecnoI<OHTbCH 9 rrpe,zrnonaraTb I 0 .np)')Kemo6Hotii

4. (eo3Mo:>1eHb1e eapuaHmb1) MHe 6&mo Heo6XO.U.HMO TIOJIHOCTbfO CKOH.UeHTPHPOBaTbC.11 H .II BllOJIHe MOr

6bl o60HTHCb 6e3 pO.U,-HTeJlbCKOro npHCMOTPa B CTOJlb 3peJIOM B03pacTe . ..s:r He XOTeJI, tfT06bf OH ymen .ZJ."YMa.R KaKOe OT.IIH'IHOe cycpne OR Mor

6&1 nonpo6oaaTb. KnapK feu6n - HaCTQJlbKO )KC o60)l(aeMblH CHMBOJI rorry6oro 3KpaHa,

CblHOK. 5f acer.u.a }'Merr pa6oTaTb c .u,epeaoM ... Co6cTBeHHO .:no He 6bm KOWatJl!H Jla3, TaK KaK Mbl .u.ep)[(aJIH He J<OWKy,

a HpJiaH.U.CKOro BOJlKO.U.aBa. Mb! Ha3blBaJlH ero KOTOM .!lJl.11 npoeepKH ero npe.u,aRHOCTli, B .U.OKa3aTeJibCTBO qero OH nocrrymHo M.flYKaJl.

S. A. (603MO:>ICHble eapuaHmbz) 1 He didn't think the world was fair enough or pleasant enough for them

to grow up in. 2 They all came by stork. 3 They were brought up by themselves. 4 He said, ~d don't want to hamper your life with rules and oppressive

doctnnes. I firmly believe that you'd do a better job raising yourself». 5 They dido 't wasn't Dad to distract thei:n from what they were doing. 6 The narrator forgot to nail the catflap. 7 He said, «You know, boys, I'm rather pleased with the way you guys have

turned out».

SC. All of them can be supported by the text.

S D. (603MO:JIC1fble eapuaHmbl) Fortunately I don't know such people.

59

6. (803MOOfCHble BapuaHmbl)

Sometimes parents that don' t meddle into their children's grow or it seems to children that they didn't meddle can reach very good results whereas parents that oversee every child's step can fail.

Extensive reading Unit 6

1. A. (803MO:J1CHb1e BapuaHmbi)

l friends 2 girl/boyfriend 3 family 4 school 5 sport 6 reading 7 museums 8 theatre

1 B. (803.MO:JICHble BapuaHmbi)

I Sport isn' t important for me. I just do it for fitness, fun and to make friends with new people.

2 I think for professional sportsmen sport means everything. For average people it may mean their life or hobby.

2. A. (803MO:NCHble BapuaHmbi)

I A football match is in progress. There are fans on the stands. Among them there is a girl who probably came to the match with her boyfriend. He enjoys the play while she doesn't.

2 I think the story is going to be about sport fans and a girl who didn't enjoy the game because of the picture.

2 B. (803.MO:JICHbte Bapua11mb1)

It seems that Mick is a real football fan. That's why I think he will never leave the football ground for whatever reason it was.

2 E. (803MO:J1CH&1e 8apuaHm&z)

Part 1: 1

1 United and Chelsea 2 Mick supported United, for Karen it didn't matter 3 She thought that she felt bad because of the hot dog she had before the

game 4 First, he didn't believed her but afterwards he looked at her and found out

that she was pale and there was sweat on her upper lip Part 2: 1 There was plenty of people. 2 the outburst meant that United had scored a goal, as the better part of visi­

tors supported United. 3 First - he bad missed a goal and was supposed to miss more goals if he

took Karen home. Second - he risked being ridiculed by his friends. 4 Karen came across a poster advertising the next United p lay and sup­

posed that this situation with Mick may be repeated. 5 He was sure that he had done more than enough for Karen: left the sta­

dium to accompany her and bought her a hot dog. Whole story: 1 I think because he liked her and though that she would be happy to see

the match.

60

2 There is a chance that he completely forgot about Karen until the match ended.

2 F. (603.MO::HCHble 6apua1-1mb1)

I In case r liked him I think I won't break our relationship because of bis attitude to football. I also have some bobbies d:iat be doesn't like. I would just didn't go to football matches. "

2 A<}tually I don't like Mick because I think people relationships are more important than football. '

3. A. (603.MOJICHble 6apua1-1mbl}

feel worse, feel sick, not well, awful, all hot and dizzy, feel horrible. First her words were neutral, then more emotional because her condition worsened.

3 B. (603.MO::HCHble 6apuaHmbl}

3 The narrator's words are about what was going on at the stadium. He doesn't mention Karen or Mick.

4 Thus, it seems that the game and the conversation happen simultane­ously but separately.

3 C. (6o3MO::HCHble 6apuaHmbi}

1 The sentences are quite short. 2 and 3 The short sentences demonstrate that the action progress very

quickly and that Mick is into game.

4. (603.MOJICHble 6apuaHmbl}

Mick returned to the stadium. He was immediately absorbed into sup­porting of the precious team. No one even noticed that be was missing for a while. Only after the game ended and they thoroughly discussed the entire game one of his friends recalled that Karen also went to the stadium and asked where she was. However, this question remained unanswered because the friends started talking about the team and the goals again.

Extensive reading Unit 7

1. (603MO::HCHble 6apua1-1mb1)

running water, a creek in the mountain

2. C. (6o3MO:>ICHble 6apuaHmbl}

l Some sentences lack verbs. Both sentences and paragraJ?hS are short. 2 there are a lot of words with sounds «S», «Z» and «Sh».

2 D. (603MO:>ICHble 6apua1-1mbl)

3 I think the author wanted to demonstrate that the sound wasn' t made by a human and was very unpleasant.

4 First two sentences have similar verb structure. The second two con­sists of opposite notions. This should impress the reader.

5 These sentences should demonstrate how shocked the person was. He • felt that something has changed but couldn't understand what exactly it was.

6l

6 That the humanity developed in a different way. 7 The inverted word order intensifies the expectation. Very beautiful

is a usual expression while very dead isn't used. 8 a)

2 E. (603MO::HCHbze eapuaHmbz) A few hunters went to a prehistoric jungle by a Time machine. One

of them, Eckels by name, was so frightened that be left the path which he was supposed to leave under no circumstances. On returning back they found that the future has changed. Eckels found a dead butterfly wh.icb be accidentally killed when be stepped off the path.

4. (eo3.MO:HCHble eapuaHmbl) ... and fixed his gaze on the dead butterfly body like his entire life

depended on this gaze. Suddenly he thought that the wings moved a little. His heart faltered and he stopped breathing. He noticed that the wings moved again and again and the miracle happened. The butterfly came into life. He just couldn't believe his eyes. He was so happy and exited but also fright­ened. What if the future changed not because of the butterfly but because of anything else? What if ... ? He tried to relax and closed his eyes. When he opened them he saw the same room, the same person and tbe same table. He reluctantly raised his eyes to the sign on the wall playing that it was normal and usual. And ... it was! The letters were in a correct usual order. However, he continued searching whether something else has changed. lt seemed that he will always looking for confirmation that the world he lived in remained unchanged.

Extensive reading Unit 8 / 1. (603MO:JICHbte eapuaHmbt} Many people now read books electronically. I am not an exception.

It is cheaper than to buy a paper book and easier to find and access. However, sometimes I really enjoy sitting in my chair and reading a paper book.

2.B. A B

The book is about creatures that survived after The story is about a king's family a battle between two races. I like fantastic stories I also like historic stories

The language is quite simple. Taking into The language is descriptive account that there are a number of unusual names the simnle wordinl! enable readin11. gloomy Amusing

Interesting story - strongest point, Strongest point - interesting story, Weakest noint - 11.loomv tone weakest noint - too lon11 descrintions I didn't like it because of depressing tone. I love stories about knights and kings.

62

2 C. (603.MO~Hbte eapuaHmbt) . 2 I like fantasy. That's why I enjoyed extract B more than others. 3 I'd like to read extract B up to the end because I like reading about

knights. 4 I think these are good examples as ~ey show almost all kinds

of literature. ,. ~ " 5 I don't think the ooline literature differs from traditiona l one, as many

pieces of traditional literature now available on line.

63