zero fatal injuries in agriculture

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Zero fatal injuries in agriculture Zero fatal injuries in agriculture - - a commitment for Sweden ?! a commitment for Sweden ?! Peter Lundqvist PhD, Professor, Head of Department Department of Work Science, Business Economy and Environmental Psychology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Alnarp, Sweden Rome, September 25, 2008

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Professor Peter Lundqvist presents a research on farm safety & health in Sweden and the Kuopio declaration against fatal injuries in agriculture

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Page 1: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Zero fatal injuries in agricultureZero fatal injuries in agriculture-- a commitment for Sweden ?!a commitment for Sweden ?!

Peter Lundqvist

PhD, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Work Science, Business Economy and Environmental Psychology

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Alnarp, Sweden

Rome, September 25, 2008

Page 2: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The farm – the best place to grow up

- if you survive!

Page 3: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Number of fatal injuries at work in Swedish

agriculture and forestry, 1998-2008

7432008

19118 2007

13 4 9 2006

1816 2 2005

133 10 2004

53 2 2003

117 4 2002

103 7 2001

146 8 2000

TotalForestryAgricultureYear

Page 4: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Number of fatal work related injuries per

100 000 employed in Sweden 1999-2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

Agric. /ForestryManufacture

Construction

Transport

Page 5: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Injuries in Swedish agriculture

• 400 in official statistics – no problem!

• 5000 real injuries – big problem !*

* Pinzke & Lundqvist, 2005

Page 6: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Occupational accidents in Swedish farming and forestry in 2004

Accidents by type of farming

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Crop husbandry Dairy cattles Other livestock Mixed farming Small farm units

%

• More than 70% of the injuries occurred on farms with animal

production

• 15% of all farms with dairy cattle had at least one injury

Page 7: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• The injury frequency was highest for the small farm units (< 400 work hours/year)

Occupational accidents in Swedish farming and forestry in 2004, 1987

Accidents per million man-hours and type of farming

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

Crop husbandry Dairy cattles Other livestock Mixed farming Small farm units Total

2004

1987

Page 8: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• Almost half of the injured were 55 years or older

• Worked 28 years in the branch (mean)

• 72% had worked 10 years and more

Occupational accidents in Swedish farming and forestry in 2004

Accidents by age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65- Missing

Age (years)

%

Page 9: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• 63% sought medical service– 61% at hospital

– 21% at health centre

– 9% called for ambulance

• 14 days absence from work (total, in average)– 32 days absence >1 day

• 16% sick listed

• 9 days sick listed (total, in average)– 56 days sick listed >1 day

• 11% reported as a work injury

Results

Page 10: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• High frequency of accidents and injuries in agriculture

• The level of un-reported injuries is very high!

• Powerful measures is needed!

Conclusions

Page 11: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

What is done & what is needed

- in Sweden?

- in the Nordic countries?

Powerful measures is needed!

Page 12: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• The Swedish Work Environment Authority is the administrative authority for questions relating to the working environment

• Renewal, amendment and amalgamation of Provisions New knowledge concerning risks and changes in working life, as well as new EU Directives, make the development of Provisions an ongoing task

Legislation (Enforcement)

Page 13: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• Examples of provisions with a focus on agriculture:

”Use of chainsaws and brush saws”, ”Pesticides”

…..

• A new provision is on it´s way: ”Working with

animals”

Legislation (Enforcement)

Page 14: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Machine-safety is a question of liability

• The manufacturer is liable for deliveredproducts being CE-marked and also the products fulfilling all safety requirements laiddown in EC-directives and standards

• Machines and production lines that are usedin the production process must also fulfilhigh safety requirements

Engineering

Page 15: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Working with the industry is essential in order

to speed up the process:

An example: adjustable working height in parlours

Engineering

Page 16: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

• The agricultural colleges (16-19 years of

age)

• The Swedish University of Agricultural

Sciences

• Training and advice for farmers and farm

workers

Education in farm safety & health

Page 17: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Examples from SLU (Ag university) courses

• Safety & health in agriculture (web based)

• Working with animals (safety, ergonomics &

leadership)

• Work psychology & leadership

• Leadership & organisation

• Health & safety along the food chain

Education in farm safety & health

Page 18: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Funding resources in Sweden

• The Swedish Farmers’ Foundation for AgriculturalResearch

– is the Swedish agricultural industry’s organization for fundingresearch and development. The purpose of the foundation is to strengthen the competitive ability of Swedish agriculture

• The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas)

• The Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry

• Insurance companies, EU ! …………

Research on farm safety & health

Page 19: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Research on farm safety & health

Ergonomics

Work

organization

&

psychosocial

factors

Injury

prevention

Working life

development

Work Science

at SLU Alnarp

Page 20: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Examples from SLU (Ag university)

• Safe handling of large farm animals

• ATV use & handling

• Milking ergonomics

• Stress & Psychosocial aspects of farming

• Injuries among farm children & teenagers

• Slow-moving vehicles in the traffic

• Working with horses (ergonomics & safetyaspects)

Research on farm safety & health

Page 21: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The Swedish Committee on Health and Safety in Agriculture (LAMK)

• The Farm Workers Union (Kommunal)

• The Farmer Employers Organisation (SLA)

• The Federation of Swedish Farmers (LRF)

• The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)

• The Swedish Institute of Agricultural and EnvironmentalEngineering (JTI)

• The Swedish Trade Association for Suppliers of Mobile Machines (ML)

Collaboration & partners

Page 22: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

We need some new initiatives

These measures did not solve the

problems with injuries in agriculture!

Page 23: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The Kuopio declaration against fatal

injuries in agriculture

During the Nordic Meeting on Agricultural

Occupational Health in Kuopio, Finland

(NMAOH 2006), the participants declared a

number of suggested actions directed towards

the authorities and stakeholders to join in the

effort and work towards achieving the vision

of zero fatal injuries in agriculture

Page 24: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The Kuopio declaration against fatal

injuries in agriculture

By the year 2012 – there should be no fatal injuries

in Nordic agriculture

• Develop national action plans against injuries in

agriculture involving all relevant stakeholders in the

agriculture sector

• Establish and enhance national resource /

information and coordination centres for

agricultural health and safety

Page 25: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The Kuopio declaration against fatal

injuries in agriculture

• Comprehensive occupational health services should be

available to everyone working in the agricultural sector

• Detailed and reliable statistics on injuries in agriculture

should be presented at a yearly basis

• Information and education about health and safety needs

to be further developed and implemented for farmers and

others working in agriculture

• Education about health, safety & leadership should be

implemented in the whole education system from pre-

school to university

Page 26: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

A Swedish Commission

As a consequence of:

• the Kuopio declaration

• the study on injury statistics

• the media attention

….and the alarming total situation of injuries

in agriculture, the Swedish Government

initiated a Commission to develop an action

program against injuries on farms

Page 27: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

A Swedish Commission

The results from the Commission included

calculations on the economical consequences of

injuries in agriculture for the whole Swedish society

based on the results presented in this paper.

According to these calculations the economical

consequences reaches a yearly level of 2 – 3 billion

SEK (200 – 300 million Euro).

This is also compared with similar calculations in

Norway: 1, 45 billion NKR per year (200 million Euro)

Page 28: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Report to the Swedish Government

Main Recommendations:

• Farm safety instructors

• A National Competence &

Resource Centre

• Voluntary ”driver license” for

chain-saw users

Page 29: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Report to the Swedish Government

Special attention to:

• Child injury prevention

• Injury prevention among

the older population

Page 30: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Report to the Swedish Government

Further suggestions:

• Increase the demands on the dealers of agricultural

tractors and machinery

• Improved statistics

• Improved actions for seasonal workers

• Improved education

•Further research

Page 31: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Response from the Swedish Government

Mission to Swedish University of Agricultural

Sciences (SLU), The Swedish Institute of Agricultural

and Environmental Engineering (JTI) and The

Federation of Swedish Farmers (LRF):

• Develop a system of farm advisors / educators

• Provide training for these persons during 2008-09

• Plan for a first action period (2009-2013), related to

the EU Rural Development Programme

Page 32: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The current process

TARGET

GROUPS

IndividualSupervision on the farm

Koncept

Advisors

Workshopsin

steps

Koncept

Farmers

Trainingof

trainers

Step I

Material Supervision in groups

”Farmwalks”

Koncept

EU

Trainingof

trainers

Step II

MaterialOthers

Page 33: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

A recent headline from Land Lantbruk

The number of injuries will be reduced by half

The Swedish Board of Agriculture wants to spend

40 million SEK (4,1 million Euro) per year (2009-

2013) in order to reduce the number of injuries in

agriculture and forestry

…………but that was too optimistic!...we are still

waiting to know the final amount………..

Page 34: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The current process

Discussing three concepts:

1. Farm visits - a trained ”person” visiting the

farms in order to give on site safety & health

discussions & advice

2. Farm walks – organized group activities on

private farms

Page 35: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The current process

3. Workshops; The farmer driven approach ”the

safe farmer attitude” with trained farmers as the

driving force (inspired by ”FarmSafe NZ”):

a) Awareness (workshop)

b) Farmsafe Plans for your own farm

(workshop)

c) Skills (Training - increasing the practical

skills)

Page 36: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

What I would like to discuss further!

• An EU-based network / organisation for safety

and health in agriculture

• An annual or bi-annual EU-based meeting on

safety and health in agriculture

• A joint EU-project with a focus on strategies

for

injury prevention in agriculture

• Could we link EU-support & working

conditions

on farms?!

Page 37: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

Thank you!

We need to work together & sharing

experiences in order to create a safe

& healthy industry – to be proud of!

Page 38: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

Two years after the Kuopio declaration was adapted

during the Nordic Meeting in Finland it was time to meet

again to present, share and discuss studies, research

and actions related to the health and safety in the

agricultural sector.

Page 39: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

Agriculture remain one of the most dangerous industries.

The high level of fatal and non fatal injuries is alarming

– and it is not yet improving in the Nordic countries.

On the other hand - we can also conclude that there has

been initiated a number of promising initiatives and action

programs in the Nordic countries in order to reduce the

number of injuries.

Page 40: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

We, the participants who took part in the Nordic Meeting

on Agricultural Occupational Health (58 participants),

held here in Aarhus, Denmark, from September 1-3

2008, discussed the present situation and suggests

further actions in order to reduce the number of injuries in

agriculture:

Page 41: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

• Important to show the consequences (economical &

personal) of injuries on farm level

• The individual farmer ought to have a zero-vision of

injuries on his/her farm

• Knowledge, skills and understanding of personal

responsibilities are key issues to develop for all people

active in the agricultural sector

Page 42: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

• It would be positive if authorities and others regulating

the farms and the farmers could focus and further

develop their roles as advisors and supporters of

farmers health & safety

• Important to identify risk groups and target special

actions towards these groups

• Important to focus on farmers attitudes & behaviour

and how to motivate them to think and act with safety

in mind

Page 43: Zero Fatal Injuries in agriculture

The 2008 Nordic Meeting on Agricultural Occupational

Health (NMAOH) Aarhus, Denmark, September 1-3, 2008

• There is still a demand for financial resources in order

to fulfil national and Nordic / international action

programs against injuries in agriculture

• EU-funding such as the Rural Development Program

are valuable resources that ought to be further adapted

to this area of actions