Yoga - Mind Body and EEG

Mind over Matter

Facilitated by:Neilly BuckalewMS, MSL, ND, MDNIH NIA Post-Doc FellowPMR PGY-3

Pilot 1 (Buckalew et al, 2010, Pain Med): 16 older adults all with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) 8 self-report disabling, 8 nondisabling No pysch hx , psychotropic use, same neuropsych testing scores Structural MRI and Resting state fMRI Disabling group less white matter integrity of the splenium

(posterior aspect) corpus callosum Disabled had activation of the right medial prefrontal cortex

(rMPFC) at rest whereas the non-disabled demonstrated activation of the left lateral prefrontal cortex (lLPFCnear the SMA).

Pilot 2 (Buckalew et al, 2013, PMR journal): 24 older adults (8 Dis pain, 8 Nondis pain, 8 Pain free) White matter hyperintensities greatest in disabled

Mind over Matter:Mind over Matter:The case of Disabling vs. Nondisabling Chronic The case of Disabling vs. Nondisabling Chronic

Back PainBack Pain

Mind over Matter:Mind over Matter:The case of Disabling vs. Nondisabling Chronic The case of Disabling vs. Nondisabling Chronic

Back PainBack Pain

Pilot 3 (Presented International Pupil Colloquium, 2009) 16 older adults CLBP 8 self-report disabling, 8 nondisabling No pysch hx , psychotropic use, same neuropsych testing

scores For the disabled under cognitive load, pupils statically

significantly slower to dilate. Statistically negative correlation of pupillary response with

rMPFC and positive with the lLPFC resting state intensities Reciprocal relationship indicated. Disabling chronic pain may be an objectively measurable

state where allocation of neural resources contributes to disability

Imaging a motor activity activates all the same regions of the brain.

Motor imagery used in sports and research supports visualization improves motor learning.

Also used in stroke rehab

(Davis et al, 2008, Brain Imaging and Behavior) Athletes demonstrated autobiographical negative emotions activated

the MPFC while concomitantly suppressing premotor and motor regions of the LPFC.

Conversely, cognitive behavioral intervention resulted in decreased MPFC and increased LPFC activation = restored premotor/motor region activation.

Mind over Matter:Mind over Matter:Imagine it is possibleImagine it is possible

Yoga: What is it?Yoga: What is it?

Yoga: What is it?Yoga: What is it? Yogic Philosophies and Yogic Means

Hatha Yoga - Discipline of body and breath Bhakti Yoga - Discipline of emotions, Devotional Karmic Yoga - Discipline of Actions, Good deeds Raja or Jnana Yoga - Discipline of the mind

Meditation all types Very root of all Yoga

MIX and MATCH the above ----------------------------- Kundalini Yoga Tantric Yoga Kriya Yoga Yoga Nidra Buddhism

Yoga: What is it?Yoga: What is it? Yogic Philosophies and Yogic Means

Hatha Yoga - Discipline of body and breath Bhakti Yoga - Discipline of emotions, Devotional Karmic Yoga - Discipline of Actions, Good deeds Raja or Jnana Yoga - Discipline of the mind

Meditation all types Very root of all Yoga

MIX and MATCH the above ----------------------------- Kundalini Yoga Tantric Yoga Kriya Yoga Yoga Nidra Buddhism

Yoga: What is it?Yoga: What is it? Yogic Philosophies and Yogic Means

Hatha Yoga - Discipline of body and breath Bhakti Yoga - Discipline of emotions, Devotional Karmic Yoga - Discipline of Actions, Good deeds Raja or Jnana Yoga - Discipline of the mind

Meditation all types Very root of all Yoga

MIX and MATCH the above ----------------------------- Kundalini Yoga Tantric Yoga Kriya Yoga Yoga Nidra Buddhism

Yoga: What is itYoga: What is it Yoga Sutras of Patanjali - Eight Limbs of Yoga

Quieting the fluctuations of the mind = overall good health

1.) Yamas: Universal morality (5 including Ahimsa)2.) Niyama: Personal observances (purification i.e. Kriyas,

discipline, and contentment)

3.) Asanas:  Body postures 4.) Pranayama:  Breathing exercises, and control of prana (life

force)5.) Pratyahara:  Control and the senses, focusing the mind6.) Dharana:  Concentration and cultivating inner

perceptual awareness 7.) Dhyana:  Meditation, Devotion, Contemplation8.) Samadhi: Liberation, Higher consciousness

Yoga Yoga Key Historic TurnKey Historic Turn

Decolonization leads to Yoga renaissance in Indian (1884-1940) Mysore tradition starts in Mysore India Royal family patrons of revitalizing Yoga Krishnaraja westernizes and focuses on asanas British exercise and Indian wrestling and gymnastic

traditions/texts Sritattvanidhi – the core text of modern body-centric Yoga Promote research Promote women Higher Krishnamacharya in 1924 to teach and promote

Yoga His pupils migrate to the US to teach yoga

MeansMeans Body Postures (Asana)

Hand/Body Postures (Mudra)

Meditation

Chanting/Mantra

Karmani (Purification)

Pranayama (Breath)

Music

Etc!

ViniyogaViniyoga Gary Kraftsow - Viniyoga Student of Krishnamacharya Complete system Developmental Adaptive (meet the student where they are at) Breath-Centric Emphasizes relationship of breath to spine and movement Core strength and stability Cognitive elements

Left right attention Memorization to time breathing

Emphasizes interpersonal development adapting your own paradigm

Mobile EEG a Mobile EEG a Mind-Body Measure?Mind-Body Measure?

Early stages of developing how to use mobile EEG as assessment tool for response to Yoga

Demonstrated feasibility using mobile EEG during a complete yoga practice

Mobile EEG a Mobile EEG a Mind-Body Measure?Mind-Body Measure?

Designed a calibration stage determine state of the brain prior to intervention and serves as template also to understand response to Yoga.

Collected data on pranayama, asana, and meditative sessions as well as complete practices with all elements.

Looking for brain state commonalities and relationship with subjective experiences.

Demonstrated common brain states and association of the feeling of calm in preliminary data (meditative practice with mudra).