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• What’s new: OpticMapper• Soil sensor status update

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OpticMapper

NEW for

2010

The Sensor Technology:• Veris Soil EC

• Veris Soil OM

Two questions about sensors:

• Does it work?• Does it matter? What input(s) can be

managed? Is the information unique—vs. soil surveys, EC maps, etc.?

Raw Data Repeatability Mapped on 8-28-2010 & 9-7-2010

Sensor stability, repeatability

Correlation to soil property--OM

Correlation to soil property—low levels of OM

KS

Sample # OM CEC1 0.9 3.12 0.8 3.13 1.6 5.34 0.8 2.5

GA

Correlation to soil property—

low levels of OM

1) Soil varies between soil types—fixing the line placement error

Application #1: Population Rx

2) sensors show soil as a continuum, providing evidence for varying rates within soil types

3) There are variations across the field for a given soil type.

Lab-tested OM varies from 2.1 to 3.4 within the poorest soil type on this field; and from 2.2 to 3.6 within the most productive soil type.

Application #2: sampling zonesIn devising sampling zones, where have historical productivity and manure applications likely caused soil nutrient variability?

Soil EC OM

Application #3: VR Nitrogen

Low N Med NHi N

The OM on this field ranges from just under 2% to nearly 4%. A nitrogen Rx using the UN-L credit for OM, applied using an OpticMapper map would generate over $40/acre in savings versus no adjustment. And over $10/acre advantage versus a flat 2% OM adjustment.

SOIL EC

SOIL OM

Is it unique?

On some fields soil texture and soil OM correlate reasonably well, so an EC map would likely suffice.

SOIL OMSOIL EC

On many fields soil texture and soil OM show different patterns.(Salinity, low OM clays, black sands)

Is it unique?

Is it unique? (EC and red wavelength R²)

Soil Sensor Report: commercial products

• 2010 Veris best year; record sales on all products• EC usage increasing (VR N in northern US/Can,

VR corn population, cotton)• High-acreage (10,000 ac/yr) pH mapping clients

Soil Sensor Report: VisNIRFirst 3 sensor mobile platform--Germany

Germany Australia

Canada—Arctic circle

5 state Veris Research

Soil Sensor Report: VisNIR5 state Veris Research: long term conservation tillage sites 150 0-60 cm soil cores 573 15 cm sample segments lab-analyzed800 co-located Vis-NIR-EC-Force probe insertions

Soil Sensor Report: VisNIRImproved nitrogen and energy use efficiency using NIR estimated soil organic carbon and N simulation modeling. Graham, C.J., H.M. van Es, J.J. Melkonian, and D.A. Laird. 2010. In: D.A. Clay and J. Shanahan. GIS Applications in Agriculture – Nutrient Management for Improved Energy Efficiency. pp 301-325, Taylor and Francis, LLC.

Infrared sensors to map soil carbon in agricultural ecosystems. McCarty, G.W., Hively, W.D., Reeves, J.B., Lang, M.W., Lund, E., Weatherbee, O. 2010. In: Proximal Soil Sensing, Progress in Soil Science Volume 1. New York, NY: Springer Science. 14:165-176.

Evaluation of spectral pretreatments, partial least squares, least squares support vector machines and locally weighted regression for quantitative spectroscopic analysis of soils. Benoit Igne, James B. Reeves, III, Gregory McCarty, W. Dean Hively, Eric Lund, and Charles R. Hurburgh, Jr. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Volume 18 Issue 3, Pages 167–176 (2010)

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Acknowledgement

Funding for Vis-NIR development provided by the Small Business Innovation Research programs of the

U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy