WWIIWWII

D-DAYD-DAY June 6, 1944June 6, 1944 Directed by American General Dwight D. Directed by American General Dwight D.

EisenhowerEisenhower

Invasion of France in attempt to liberate Invasion of France in attempt to liberate the country from Germanythe country from Germany

330,000 troops330,000 troops 50,000 vehicles50,000 vehicles 100,000 tons of supplies100,000 tons of supplies

Military Deaths WWIIMilitary Deaths WWII

Soviet Union – 8 to 10 million Soviet Union – 8 to 10 million Germany – 3.5 millionGermany – 3.5 million United Kingdom – 350,000United Kingdom – 350,000 France – 250,000France – 250,000 US – 463,000US – 463,000

Civilian Deaths WWIICivilian Deaths WWII Soviet Union – 10 million est.Soviet Union – 10 million est. Germany – 700,000Germany – 700,000 United Kingdom – 65,000United Kingdom – 65,000 France – 350,000France – 350,000 US – 0US – 0

Soviet Union lost estimated 20 Soviet Union lost estimated 20 million people during WWIImillion people during WWII

Soviet UnionSoviet Union The tremendous death toll helped The tremendous death toll helped

produce culture of defense in USSRproduce culture of defense in USSR

High amounts of $ spent on security High amounts of $ spent on security and military in order to prevent any and military in order to prevent any future attack from outsiders COLD future attack from outsiders COLD WARWAR

Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference Yalta was Russian resort on Black SeaYalta was Russian resort on Black Sea

Conference where FDR, Churchill, Stalin decide Conference where FDR, Churchill, Stalin decide how to “divide” winnings amongst how to “divide” winnings amongst

Allies in Feb 1945 (just prior to FDR death)Allies in Feb 1945 (just prior to FDR death)

Technically Yalta is the beginning of Technically Yalta is the beginning of The Cold War (next unit)The Cold War (next unit)

Yalta SettlementsYalta Settlements Germany will be divided into Germany will be divided into 4 zones4 zones to be to be

occupied by US, USSR, Britain, Franceoccupied by US, USSR, Britain, France

Reparations to be paid by Axis powers would be Reparations to be paid by Axis powers would be finalized later by US agreed to figure of finalized later by US agreed to figure of $20,000,000 - 50 % of $20,000,000 - 50 % of

$ to USSR$ to USSR

USSR agreed to enter war against Japan in 3 USSR agreed to enter war against Japan in 3 months after war in Europe ended if in return themonths after war in Europe ended if in return the

USSR would have claim to some of Far EastUSSR would have claim to some of Far East

A temporary govt would be established to rule A temporary govt would be established to rule Poland and Stalin to allow Poland, Poland and Stalin to allow Poland, Czechoslavakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria to Czechoslavakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria to elect their own govtselect their own govts

““I Shall Return”I Shall Return” Speaker was General Douglas MacArthurSpeaker was General Douglas MacArthur 1942 quote1942 quote Promise he made to the Philippines after Promise he made to the Philippines after

FDR ordered him to go to Australia while FDR ordered him to go to Australia while Filipino troops attempted to defend Filipino troops attempted to defend against Japaneseagainst Japanese

Returned in 1945 after defeat of JapaneseReturned in 1945 after defeat of Japanese Navy and declared islands wereNavy and declared islands were a democracy in the East a democracy in the East

Irony in that US had gained control of Islands byIrony in that US had gained control of Islands bydefeating those seeking to govern themselves defeating those seeking to govern themselves during Spanish-American Warduring Spanish-American War

Contributions to WWII Contributions to WWII EffortEffort US IndustryUS Industry

25,000 planes25,000 planes 75,000 tanks75,000 tanks 100,000 armored cars100,000 armored cars

Women Women

250,000 women served in the US armed 250,000 women served in the US armed forcesforces

Over 1000 flew in Women’s Air ForceOver 1000 flew in Women’s Air Force

Thousands employed in manufacturing Thousands employed in manufacturing positions – asked to return to the home positions – asked to return to the home

following the warfollowing the war

Contributions (Cont)Contributions (Cont) African AmericansAfrican Americans

– – estimated 1 million estimated 1 million of of 15 million US troops15 million US troops

first time black first time black marinesmarines17,000 participated 17,000 participated in WWIIin WWII

Air Force trained Air Force trained black officers/pilotsblack officers/pilots80 received 80 received Distinguished Distinguished Flying Cross MedalFlying Cross Medal

Rationing and WWIIRationing and WWII Rationing by US govt. controlled scarce Rationing by US govt. controlled scarce

items to publicitems to public

Public had enough but a majority of Public had enough but a majority of scarce items were distributed to militaryscarce items were distributed to military

Gas, Coffee, Heating Oil, Shoes, Meat,Gas, Coffee, Heating Oil, Shoes, Meat,

Rubber (tires)Rubber (tires)

Japanese Atrocities in Japanese Atrocities in WWIIWWII

Bataan Death MarchBataan Death March est 76,000 Filipino / US troops became est 76,000 Filipino / US troops became

Prisoners of War 6 to 12 day marchPrisoners of War 6 to 12 day march

Japanese split them into groups of 500 – Japanese split them into groups of 500 – 1000 and marched them 60 miles to a 1000 and marched them 60 miles to a railroadrailroad

* Those who survived were shipped to prison * Those who survived were shipped to prison camps where 10,000 died due to weakened camps where 10,000 died due to weakened conditions without food / medicineconditions without food / medicine

WWII Ends in EuropeWWII Ends in Europe Germany defeated as Soviets Germany defeated as Soviets capture Berlin and Allies defeat from western capture Berlin and Allies defeat from western

front front VE Day May 1945VE Day May 1945

Hitler commits suicide in Berlin bunker withHitler commits suicide in Berlin bunker withfiance (Soviets released dental records infiance (Soviets released dental records inlate 1960s to verify it was Hitler)late 1960s to verify it was Hitler)

Ike’s decision to wait and not move troops into Ike’s decision to wait and not move troops into Berlin and Prague changes next 50 years Berlin and Prague changes next 50 years

becausebecausethe West and freedom of govt eludes these the West and freedom of govt eludes these Countries (COLD WAR)Countries (COLD WAR)