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WW HMI SCADA-04 Discover the newSituational Awareness Library inInTouch 2014

John KrajewskiDirector HMI/Supervisory Product Management

© 2013 Invensys. All Rights Reserved. The names, logos, and taglines identifying the products and services of Invensys are proprietary marks of Invensys or its subsidiaries.All third party trademarks and service marks are the proprietary marks of their respective owners.

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New Release!

2014

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SituationalAwareness

Situational Awareness

The perception of environmental elementswith respect to time and/or space, thecomprehension of their meaning, and theprojection of their status.

WW HMI SCADA-01 IncreasedOperational Effectiveness withSituational Awareness

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WW HMI SCADA-01 IncreasedOperational Effectiveness withSituational Awareness

• Goal Oriented Design

• Hierarchical Information Organization

• Proper Color Usage

• Actionable Alarm Awareness

• Effective Design Elements

Aspects of Good HMI Design Philosophy

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• Goal Oriented Design

• Hierarchical Information Organization

• Proper Color Usage

• Actionable Alarm Awareness

• Effective Design ElementsSituational AwarenessLibrary Brings together:• Elements Styles• Symbol Wizards• Alarm

Borders/Aggregation

Situational Awareness Symbol Library

• Agitator/Settler

• Equipment Status

• Feeder

• Hand Switch Selector

• Heat Exchanger/Fan

• Loop Block

• Miscellaneous Equipment

• Multi-stage Pump

• Numeric Data Block

• Output Bar

• Parallel Control Valve

• Pump/Blower/Rotary Valve

• Rotating Equipment

• Sequence Button

• Tank/Vessel

• Thickener

• Valve/Damper

Equipment

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• Agitator/Settler

• Equipment Status

• Feeder

• Hand Switch Selector

• Heat Exchanger/Fan

• Loop Block

• Miscellaneous Equipment

• Multi-stage Pump

• Numeric Data Block

• Output Bar

• Parallel Control Valve

• Pump/Blower/Rotary Valve

• Rotating Equipment

• Sequence Button

• Tank/Vessel

• Thickener

• Valve/Damper

Equipment

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Situational Awareness Symbol Library

• Invisible Profile Meter

• KPI Bar

• Meters

• Multi-Level Meter

• Rake Height Meter

• RPM Meter

• Small Flow Tracker

• Polar Star 3 Spoke

• Polar Start 4 Spoke Diamond

• Polar Start 4 Spoke Square

• Polar Star 6 Spoke

• Polar Star 8 Spoke

Meters/Polar Stars

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• Invisible Profile Meter

• KPI Bar

• Meters

• Multi-Level Meter

• Rake Height Meter

• RPM Meter

• Small Flow Tracker

• Polar Star 3 Spoke

• Polar Start 4 Spoke Diamond

• Polar Start 4 Spoke Square

• Polar Star 6 Spoke

• Polar Star 8 Spoke

Meters

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Polar Stars

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Situational Awareness Symbol Library

• Bar Chart

• Box Chart

• Bullet Graph

• Column Chart

• Column Chart Pairs

• Column Chart Trips

• Deviation Chart

• Parallel Coordinates Chart

• Pie Chart

• Stacked Column Chart

• Stacked Column Chart Alarms

• Target Graph

• Value Comparison Chart

• Variable Monitoring Bars

• Win Loss Chart

Dashboard Tools

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• Bar Chart

• Box Chart

• Bullet Graph

• Column Chart

• Column Chart Pairs

• Column Chart Trips

• Deviation Chart

• Parallel Coordinates Chart

• Pie Chart

• Stacked Column Chart

• Stacked Column Chart Alarms

• Target Graph

• Value Comparison Chart

• Variable Monitoring Bars

• Win Loss Chart

Dashboard Tools

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MORE…

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Data vs. Information

Information comes from putting data in context

• When data is presented without context it forces operators toremember or search for the related values

Data withoutcontext

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Data withoutcontext

How far is it from setpoint?

Is it getting close to alarming?

Is it inside the normal operating range?

At best, this is inconvenient – but during an upset it can lead toslower response times and cause costly errors

Meter

This is an example of a meter used to representtransmitters and controllers on the graphics:

FIC 123

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In this Section, we will be learningabout the different componentsthat make up all such meters.

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Meter – Orientation

Most meters can be displayed either vertically or horizontally

Vertical

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Horizontal

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Meter Components

Let’s look at all of the components that make up themeter…

FIC 123

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Meter Components

FIC 123 Tagname or short nameEither the tagname or the morecommon name (short name) forthe meter is shown here. Thiscan be toggled on and off by theoperator on Level 2 displays

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Meter Components

FIC 123Numeric PVThe numeric PV can betoggled on and off by theoperator on Level 2meters (coming soon)Graphical PV

The PV is alsorepresented

graphically

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Numeric PVThe numeric PV can betoggled on and off by theoperator on Level 2meters (coming soon)

Engineering UnitsThe units can be toggledon and off by the operatoron Level 2 displays(coming soon)

Graphical PVThe PV is also

representedgraphically

FIC 123

Meter Components

Output <= min

Controller OutputThis bar shows the outputof the associatedcontroller. When thecontroller output is zero,the bar fills WHITE. Whenthe output is maxed out,the bar fills BLACK. Inbetween zero and max,the bar fills GREY.(examples are shown atthe right)

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Output > min

Controller OutputThis bar shows the outputof the associatedcontroller. When thecontroller output is zero,the bar fills WHITE. Whenthe output is maxed out,the bar fills BLACK. Inbetween zero and max,the bar fills GREY.(examples are shown atthe right) Output >= max

Meter Components

FIC 123

Controller Mode

Shows the current modeof the controller

C = CascadeA = AutoM = Manual

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Controller Mode

Shows the current modeof the controller

C = CascadeA = AutoM = Manual

FIC 123

Meter Components

Optimal RangeBox

This is a “target” rangethat you define for the PV

It is only shown if set bythe operator

It can be used to show theoptimal or ideal range thatyou would like a PV to bein

It is independent of thealarm limits

How does it help?

The optimal range boxallows you to very quicklyglance at a meter andcheck if the value is OK

For ex.:

Temporary conditions –Upstream operator wantsyou to limit flowstemporarily

Ongoing conditions -prefer a flow in a certainrange to optimize pumpperformance

A way to see a criticalindicator drifting beforealarms get tripped

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Optimal RangeBox

This is a “target” rangethat you define for the PV

It is only shown if set bythe operator

It can be used to show theoptimal or ideal range thatyou would like a PV to bein

It is independent of thealarm limits

How does it help?

The optimal range boxallows you to very quicklyglance at a meter andcheck if the value is OK

For ex.:

Temporary conditions –Upstream operator wantsyou to limit flowstemporarily

Ongoing conditions -prefer a flow in a certainrange to optimize pumpperformance

A way to see a criticalindicator drifting beforealarms get tripped

FIC 123

Meter Components

PV in ideal range

PV near edge ofideal range –watch moreclosely

Glance Test

When you click, anexample will appear brieflyat the far right of thescreen – see if you can tellwhether the PV is insidethe optimal range or not

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PV near edge ofideal range –watch moreclosely

PV outside ofideal range –consider takingaction

Glance Test

When you click, anexample will appear brieflyat the far right of thescreen – see if you can tellwhether the PV is insidethe optimal range or not

Click again…

And again…

Each example was onlyshown for ½ of a second

Meter Components

High High Alarm Limit

High Alarm Limit

All meters are able to show certain reference valuesthat can help you to interpret the PV:

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High Alarm Limit

Low Alarm Limit

Low Low Alarm Limit

Setpoint

Tracker

FIC 1234

Meter Components

Hi Hi Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using a “flag”shape, consisting of a linewith a triangle attached to itfacing upwards. The flag isalways at the LEFT (forvertical meters) or at the TOP(for horizontal meters)

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Hi Hi Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using a “flag”shape, consisting of a linewith a triangle attached to itfacing upwards. The flag isalways at the LEFT (forvertical meters) or at the TOP(for horizontal meters)

FIC 1234

Meter Components

Hi Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using an “L”shape, with the tip pointingup. The high alarm is alwaysat the LEFT (for verticalmeters) or at the TOP (forhorizontal meters)

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Hi Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using an “L”shape, with the tip pointingup. The high alarm is alwaysat the LEFT (for verticalmeters) or at the TOP (forhorizontal meters)

FIC 1234

Meter Components

Lo Alarm Limit

The low alarm limit lookslike this. The low alarm isalways at the RIGHT (forvertical meters) or at theBOTTOM (for horizontalmeters)

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Lo Alarm Limit

The low alarm limit lookslike this. The low alarm isalways at the RIGHT (forvertical meters) or at theBOTTOM (for horizontalmeters)

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Meter Components

Lo Lo Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using a “flag”shape, consisting of a linewith a triangle attached toit facing downward. Theflag is always at theRIGHT (for verticalmeters) or at theBOTTOM (for horizontalmeters)

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Lo Lo Alarm Limit

This alarm limit is alwaysdisplayed using a “flag”shape, consisting of a linewith a triangle attached toit facing downward. Theflag is always at theRIGHT (for verticalmeters) or at theBOTTOM (for horizontalmeters)

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Meter Components

Tracker

The tracker is a memory aid thatcan be enabled and set by theoperator.

Tracker is set in the faceplate

What can I use the tracker for?

If maintenance is going to beworking on a meter you can setthe tracker to help you rememberwhat the value was

A field operator is testing a pumpand wants to know when the linepressure is 85 PSIG, before ithits the trip limit at 95 PSIG, soset the tracker at 85 as areminder to call the field operator

During startup – the techrequests level of 63% in thecrude tank, so set the tracker to63% as a reminder to call thetech

Any time you want to mark thecurrent PV in order to come backlater and see if it has changed(e.g., after you make someprocess changes)

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Tracker

The tracker is a memory aid thatcan be enabled and set by theoperator.

Tracker is set in the faceplate

What can I use the tracker for?

If maintenance is going to beworking on a meter you can setthe tracker to help you rememberwhat the value was

A field operator is testing a pumpand wants to know when the linepressure is 85 PSIG, before ithits the trip limit at 95 PSIG, soset the tracker at 85 as areminder to call the field operator

During startup – the techrequests level of 63% in thecrude tank, so set the tracker to63% as a reminder to call thetech

Any time you want to mark thecurrent PV in order to come backlater and see if it has changed(e.g., after you make someprocess changes)

FIC 1234

Meter Components

Setpoint

The setpoint is a simple,black line on the meter. Asyou would expect, thesetpoint is only availableon controllers.

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Setpoint

The setpoint is a simple,black line on the meter. Asyou would expect, thesetpoint is only availableon controllers.

Reference Values - Review

Here again are each of the lines commonly found onthe meters…

Hi Hi Alarm Limit

Hi Alarm Limit

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Hi Alarm Limit

Lo Alarm Limit

Lo Lo Alarm Limit

Setpoint

Tracker

Full Scale vs. Practical Range

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Full Scale Flags

These flags tell you thatthe meter is displaying thefull range of the instrument

Practical Range

The Practical Range (Operating Range) is the rangeof values that you are normally interested in for agiven PV

150

FIC 123Let’s say the instrument iscapable of reading values from0-1000

When the Practical Range isset, the meter is “zoomed in” ona specific part of the scale

This range is set by operatorsfrom the faceplate

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For example, if the Practical Range isset at 100 to 150, the scale endpointswill correspond to these values

Note that the full scale flags are gone

100

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Let’s say the instrument iscapable of reading values from0-1000

When the Practical Range isset, the meter is “zoomed in” ona specific part of the scale

This range is set by operatorsfrom the faceplate

Practical Range

If a PV drifts outside the Practical Range, the meter will automaticallyrevert to Full Scale

1000

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0

The intended purpose of theFull Scale flags is to alert youwhen this has happened

Practical Range

Why is it a good idea to set the Practical Range?

Let’s say that a swing of 75 units in thevalue of a PV is significant – somethingyou would normally want to know about

On a meter showing thepractical range of 100-300,the PV symbol will move thismuch

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Let’s say that a swing of 75 units in thevalue of a PV is significant – somethingyou would normally want to know about

On a meter showing thepractical range of 100-300,the PV symbol will move thismuch

On a meter showing the fullrange of 0-1000, the PVsymbol will move this much,which is much harder todetect visually

This can be a particularproblem for temperaturemeters – one plant hadthem ranged from -200to 850ºC which wasmuch wider than therequired range

Meter Types

Thus far we have used a Flow Meter in our examples

FIC 123

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However there are different types of meters used to showother kinds of process values

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Meter Types - Review

Flow Meter

“Floating Ball”

Temperature Meter– “Thermometer”

TIC 123

– Can show Deviation

PIC 123

Pressure Meter– “Expanding balloon”

– Can show Deviation

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Meter Types - Review

Level Meter

“Filling Bar”

Analyzer– “Rounded Rectangle”

– Clock shown if samplenot continuous

Miscellaneous Meter– “Thin Filling Bar”

– Has Description

SAIC 123

torqQIC 123

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%

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Meter Types - Review

Target Meter

“bulls eye”

Deviation Meter– “Bar fills from middle”

– Has Description

TGC 123torq

QIC 123

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%

C

%

C

Trends are effective for attaining Level 3 SA – Projection.

Trends

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Level 3 Display

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Benefits – Scenario Study Results

Less Time to Orient to ProblemsThe operators using ASM displays:

– Were more proactive

– Oriented to the problem an average of 4 minutes faster

– Detected an event before the alarm 48% of the time,• 38% improvement

Faster Total Completion TimeThe operators using ASM displays:

– Took less time to deal with the event

– Were more consistent

– Took 10.6 min vs. 18.1 min avg. to complete task (41% improvement)

– Successful 96% of the time

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Less Time to Orient to ProblemsThe operators using ASM displays:

– Were more proactive

– Oriented to the problem an average of 4 minutes faster

– Detected an event before the alarm 48% of the time,• 38% improvement

Faster Total Completion TimeThe operators using ASM displays:

– Took less time to deal with the event

– Were more consistent

– Took 10.6 min vs. 18.1 min avg. to complete task (41% improvement)

– Successful 96% of the time

Task WithTraditionalHMI

With HighPerformanceHMI

Result

DetectingAbnormalSituationsbefore alarmsoccur

10% of the time 48% of the time A 5X increase

More Benefits…

DetectingAbnormalSituationsbefore alarmsoccurSuccess rate inhandlingabnormalSituation

70% 96% 37% over basecase

Time tocompleteabnormalsituation tasks

18.1 min 10.6 min 41% reduction

Reference Material

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High Performance HMI HandbookASM Consortium Guidelines to Effective Operator Display DesignDesigning for Situational AwarenessInformation Dashboard DesignShow Me the Numbers

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