Name:____________________________

World War II UNIT Review that relates to this unit 1. Why would Japan become imperialistic?____________________________________

2. Why would the Germans still be bitter about the Treaty of Versailles that ended World

War I?_________________________________________________________________

3. Why did Napoleon have trouble invading Russia?______________________________

4. What is one example of a Human Rights Violation?____________________________

5. Why will the League of Nations formed after WWI most likely fail?________________

______________________________________________________________________

Overview: The Great Depression of the 1930s led to a rise of Fascism in Italy and Germany. Economic problems caused many to lose their jobs and have trouble supporting their families. As many around the world relied on soup kitchens for survival, they began to lose faith in the ideas of Democracy and Capitalism. Desperate for solutions, the people of Italy and Germany turned to a Fascist system of government. Benito Mussolini was able to take over as the Fascist leader of Italy where he used forced and terror to control the people. When the weak Weimar Republic failed in Germany, Adolf Hitler was able to take over. Tensions became to rise in the 1930s when Germany, Italy and Japan built up militaries and became more and more imperialistic. All three countries wanted to gain valuable natural resources. At first, democratic nations did little to stop the aggression because they wanted to avoid another World War. The League of Nations was seen as a failure when it failed to maintain peace. Democratic countries used a policy of Appeasement where they gave in to the demands of aggressors. This appeasement continued until Germany invaded Poland in September, 1939 and World War II began. Many effects came out of World War II after it ended in 1945. Unimaginable human rights violations occurred with the Holocaust, the Rape of Nanjing, China by the Japanese and the Bataan Death March. Modern technology caused incredible loss of life and property. The Atomic bombs used in Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki killed over 110,000 people instantly and many more from radiation. Western nations occupied West Germany and Japan, while the Soviet Union took over most of Eastern Europe. The United Nations was also created to keep peace.

6. Who were two Fascist leaders in Europe?______________________________________________ 7. Why did democratic nations do little at first to stop the aggression of Germany and Japan?

__________________________________________________________________________________

8. What event caused WWII to begin?_______________________________________________________ 9. What were three effects of World War II?_________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

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WWII VOCABULARY PART I

Term Definition Picture or explain in your own words

Personal Association *ways to remember *examples

Fascism

The rule of a people by a dictatorial government that is Nationalistic and Imperialistic. Very anti-Communist

Pogroms An organized massacre of a specific group. Typically directed toward Jewish people

Weimar Republic

Democratic government in Germany that was very weak. In charge during major economic problems.

Appeasement Nations give in to aggressive demands in order to maintain peace.

Munich conference appeased Germany by allowing them to take Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia

Munich Conference

Britain and France agreed that Hitler could take Sudetenland. This was part of the policy of Appeasement to avoid war

Bataan Death March

Japanese forced prisoners of War on a March in 1942. 6 to 11 thousand died

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DEPRESSION LEADS TO FASCISM

Problems and debt that oCrash in 1

ccurred after WWI, combined with the American Stock Market 929, caused the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Great Depression was a

time of eco

nomic collapse. (pg 259-60 in review book)

Great DepressioCauses of n 1. Less

2. ____

3. The

demand for raw mat

________________ factured goods

________________ __________ crash f epressionmpact o erials

___ of manu

_________ illions of people were out of work and without food PEOPLE LOST FAITH IN DEMOCRACY AND CAPITALISM

FASCISM:(pg.261) is the rule of people by a ___________________ government that is nationalistic and imperialistic.

FASCISM DEPRESSION People are unhappy

with govt.

Fascism emerged in both ______________ and _______________ after WWI

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3. Extreme _____________

5. Strict __________

4. State control of _______________ FASCISM

1.Strong military

8. Use of and terror

7. _________ loyalty to leader 6. Rule by

_____________

2.___________ and govt. control of news

FASCISM IN ITALY (Pg 261 in review book)

Benito _____________________ promised to end unemployment and gain more land for Italy. He vowed to stamp out all threats of ____________________.

In 1922, Fascists used ________________ and ___________________ to gain control of Italy. ** END TO FREE ______________, FREE SPEECH AND FREE __________ ** Enemies were ________________ and ______________________

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GERMANY(pg 261-62 in the review book)

Germany was in chaos. The __________________ Republic was weak. People did not have money or jobs TROUBLES IN GERMANY------- Rise to power of the Nazis List 4 specific troubles in Germany that led to the rise of Nazi power. (The arrows in the diagram) 1. 2. 3. 4. _____________________ __________________________ promised to be the new German leader. He said that Germans were the superior race destined to build a new empire. Hitler was appointed Chancellor in ___________________. Hitler’s government which he called the Third Reich was a ____________________________ state. What was Hitler like as a dictator? What did he do to businesses? What did he do to the military? Who did he want to drive out of Germany?

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CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II (Pg 265 in review book)

In the 1930s, Italy, _____________ and __________ aggressively sought to build new empires.

Western countries were recovering from the ____________ ______________ and did not want any

more war.

JAPAN INVADES CHINA In 1931, Japan seized the Chinese territory of ______________________. When

the League of _____________ condemned the action, Japan withdrew.

The incident strengthened ____________________ in Japan.

Japan increases military

ITALY ATTACKS ETHIOPIA In 1935, the Italian army invaded the African country of ________________. Italy increases military ___________________glorified the war as a means of restoring German pride.

Hitler rebuilt the _________________ __________________. Hitler violated the Treaty of

_____________________.

POLICY OF APPEASEMENT

Under this policy, nations ___________ _____ to aggressive demands to maintain

peace. At the __________________ _________________ in 1938, western democracies

agreed that Germany would ______________________

_______________________________________________________________________.

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WWI BEGINS Pg 266 in review book **In the face of weakness, Japan, Italy and Germany formed the ______________-

________________-________________ axis.

**The ____________ -________________ pact said that Germany and the Soviet Union

agreed not to fight each other.

** In September 1939, Germany invaded ____________________. Britain and France

responded by declaring war on Germany.

1. List 5 acts of aggression that led to WWII

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

2. Please write one word to describe the actions taken by Italy, Japan and Germany directly

before the start of WWII.

3. Describe what APPEASEMENT means.

4. How did appeasement affect Italy, Germany and Japan?

5. What area did Japan seize from China?

6. What African nation did Italy attack?

7. What two things did Hitler do that violated the Treaty of Versailles?

8. When did Germany invade Poland?

9. What did Britain and France do in response to Germany invading Poland?

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Hitler’s Lightning War Use pgs. 925- 930 in your textbook to answer the following questions 1. Which two leaders signed a ten-year NONAGRESSION PACT at the start of the war? _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Looking at the map on pg. 926 in your textbook, what are 4 four countries that Germany invaded? 3. Which World War II Battle is described below?__________________________________________ *Winston Churchill proclaims that “We will never surrender” *Germans bomb airfields and cities *Radar used to detect warplanes *Enigma used to decode German messages 4. Which heading could best complete the outline below? I.___________________________ a. Soviet troops retreated and burned and destroyed everything in the enemies path (scorched-earth strategy) b. One million people die in Leningrad c. Germans (in summer uniforms) struggled when temperatures fell and winter began d. Hitler gains nothing but loses 500,000 troops 5. What is one major similarity between Napoleon and Hitler?_________________________________ 6. “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets…we shall never surrender” –Winston Churchill Was this statement, made by British leader Winston Churchill, historically accurate?_______________ 7. What lesson was learned from the Battle of Britain?_______________________________________

Japan’s Pacific Campaign Use pgs.931-935 in your textbook to answer the following questions 1. When did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor?___________________________________________ 2. Looking at the map on pg. 933, name 4 areas that came under control of the Japanese. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which battle of WWII is described below?___________________________________________ *Japan targeted island 1,500 miles west of Hawaii *American successfully attacked the Japanese fleet and the Japanese withdrew *The victory for the US turned the tides of war in the Pacific 4. Why did Douglass Macarthur think “island hopping” would be successful?

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HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN WWII

1. Rape of _______________ (1937) *In 1937, Japanese slaughtered many thousand Chinese citizens in the city of ______________. *___________________________________________________________________________________________ *Victims were ________________, _____________________, and ____________________ ______________________________________________

2. The Holocaust (1935-45) *Systematic killing of ___________________________

*Gypsies, ___________ people, Russians, _________________, homosexuals also targeted *approx two out of every three Jewish people were killed through ________________, _______________, and _______ _________________

3. Bataan Death March (1942)

*Japanese forced prisoners of war on a ________ ___________ march after giving them little food

*Men who could not keep up ________ _____________ * Prisoners were beaten and killed for no reason at all *Estimate ____ to ___________ thousand men killed

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GENOCIDE

1. What statement is Dr. Seuss trying to make with this cartoon? 2. Why do people not have as much sympathy for people suffering in other countries?

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WWII VOCABULARY PART II

Term Definition Picture or explain in your own words

Personal Association *ways to remember *examples

Kristallnacht A violent attack on the Jewish Community that occurred on Nov 9th 1938. Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues were destroyed and over 100 were murdered. This was called “Night of Broken Glass”. Caused many Jews to flee to other countries.

D-Day An invasion that began on June 6th, 1944. British, American, French and Canadian troops fought the beach in Normandy. Led to the allies liberating France, Belgium and Luxembourg.

Kamikazes Japanese suicide pilots

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EVENTS OF WORLD WAR 2 Using your textbook (starting on pg 925), describe the outcomes of the following Battles of World War II Event Outcomes INVASION OF POLAND

Hitler annexed the western half of Poland. World War II Began because France and Great Britain declared war on Germany

The Phony War

Battle of Britain

Attack on Pearl Harbor

Battle of Midway

Battle of Guadalcanal

Battle of El Alamein (pg 940)

Battle of Stalingrad

D-Day

Battle of the Bulge

Dropping of Atomic Bombs

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Review Questions _____1.

One similarity between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini is that both

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(1) led fascist states (2) supported communism (3) rejected militarism (4) remained in power after World War II ____2. Which group was accused of violating human rights in the city of Nanjing during World War II? (1) Americans (3) Japanese (2) Chinese (4) Germans ____3. “. . . Seventy thousand people were killed instantly, and many more would die — 60,000 by November and another 70,000 by 1950. Most of them would be victims of a new method of killing — radiation. . . .” — Ronald Takai

The situation described in this passage was the direct result of which World War II event? (1) blitz of London (2) attack on Pearl Harbor (3) D-Day invasion of Normandy (4) bombing of Hiroshima ____4. Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia? (1) climate (2) fortifications (3) advanced technology (4) lack of ports ____5.Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Communist Russia were similar in that each (1)protected individual rights (2)elected their leaders through popular vote (3)supported market-based economies (4) established totalitarian governments

____6. Fascist leaders in Italy and Germany came to power in the 1920s and 1930s because they

(1) supported the League of Nations (2) exploited economic hardships to gain

popular support (3) resisted all forms of extreme

nationalism (4) maintained political traditions

_____7. The Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and Hitler’s rebuilding of the German military in 1935 demonstrate the (1)success of defensive alliances (2) fear of communist expansion (3) support for the Treaty of Versailles (4) failure of the League of Nations _____8. Which statement best explains why many German became discontented with the Weimar Republic in the early 1930s?

(1) The failure to slow population growth in Germany had created shortages of basic necessities.

(2) The leaders of the German Government were not elected by universal suffrage

(3) The German Government had refused to join the League of Nations

(4) Germany was experiencing widespread unemployment and other economic problems

____9.

_____11.

____12.

____13.

____14.

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