world war ii
TRANSCRIPT
The Versailles Treaty
The “Stab-In-The-Back” Theory
German soldiers are dissatisfied.German soldiers are dissatisfied.
Decadence of the Weimar Republic
Countries were in economic crisis and had no tradition of self-government before WWI
New democratic self-government was forced upon nations not ready for it.
Hyperinflation
The Great Depression
ACTS OF AGGRESSION1931 - Japan Invades Manchuria
The Japanese army ignored the Japanese government and
launched a full-scale invasion of Manchuria. Soon, it had
occupied the whole province.
1. Need for natural
resources.2. Nationalism3. Militarism
1. Need for natural
resources.2. Nationalism3. Militarism
Sabotaged Railroad in Manchuria ImperialismImperialism
The Manchurian Crisis, 1931
Japan Invades Manchuria, 1931
Ineffectiveness of the League of Nations
No control of major conflicts.No control of major conflicts. The League could not enforce its authorityThe League could not enforce its authority No progress in disarmament.No progress in disarmament. No effective military force.No effective military force.
A major power could get away with using force! A major power could get away with using force!
League of Nations condemned the action but
did nothing.
Japan ended membership in League of Nations!
League of Nations condemned the action but
did nothing.
Japan ended membership in League of Nations!
Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935
Emperor Emperor Haile Haile
SelassieSelassie
Benito Mussolini
“I refuse to believe that the real people of Great Britain and France, who have never had
discords with Italy, are prepared to run the risk of hurling Europe along the road to catastrophe for the sake of defending an African country universally branded as a
country without the slightest shadow of civilization.”
“I refuse to believe that the real people of Great Britain and France, who have never had
discords with Italy, are prepared to run the risk of hurling Europe along the road to catastrophe for the sake of defending an African country universally branded as a
country without the slightest shadow of civilization.”
How does Mussolini justify the attack of Ethiopia?
League of Nations did nothing. Other nations concerned with
their own problems.
League of Nations did nothing. Other nations concerned with
their own problems.
NationalismNationalism
Germany Invades the RhinelandMarch 7, 1936
Although Germany had been steadily building up
her army since 1933 it was not strong enough to hold the Rhineland if France or Britain counter-attacked.
Although Germany had been steadily building up
her army since 1933 it was not strong enough to hold the Rhineland if France or Britain counter-attacked.
"The forty-eight hours after the march into the Rhineland were the most nerve-racking in my
life. If the French had then marched into the Rhineland we would have had to withdraw.."
- Adolf Hitler
The Austrian Anschluss, 1938
1. German territory occupied by France2. Unite the German people and reclaim their
empire: A Third Reich!
1. German territory occupied by France2. Unite the German people and reclaim their
empire: A Third Reich!
The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937
The “Problem” of theSudetenland
1. None even though it was a direct violation of the treaty 2. Hitler promised he was finished. Britain & France appease Hitler at Munich Conference 1938
1. None even though it was a direct violation of the treaty 2. Hitler promised he was finished. Britain & France appease Hitler at Munich Conference 1938
Acts of Aggression Lead to WWIICountry Area Attacked Reason Allies Reaction
Japan 1931 - Manchuria 1937 - China
1. Need for natural resources.
League of Nations condemned the action but did nothing.
Italy Ethiopia - Africa
1. Distract Italians from depression.
2. Promised to build the new Roman Empire
League of Nations did nothing. Other nations concerned with their own problems.
1. Austria (1938)
1. German people lived there.
1. None even though it was a direct violation of the treaty of Versailles
Germany
2.Czechoslovakia/Sudeten-land (1938)
2. German people lived there. 2. Hitler promised he was
finished. Britain & France appeased and didn't fight.
3. Poland (1939)3. Desire for land. 3. Britain and France declare
war.
1. What do these incidents tell us about the effectiveness of the League of Nations?1. What do these incidents tell us about the effectiveness of the League of Nations?
What does this incident tell us about the League of Nations?
•The League also lost its most powerful member in the Far East and ultimately Japan was to unite with the two other nations that
broke League rules - Germany and Italy.
•The League could not enforce its authority. •A major power could get away with using force
•An issue so far from Europe was not likely to attract the whole-hearted support of the major European powers in the League.
•Other powers would almost certainly see this episode as a sign that they too could get away with
the use of force
AXIS POWERAdolf Hitler (right) is
considered one of the most brutal dictators in history.
After purging possible rivals for leadership, Hitler
rearmed Germany into a modern war machine. He and Italian dictator Benito
Mussolini (left), both __________, became allies in 1936. They are shown
here in Munich, Germany, in 1937.
fascists
AlliancesAlliances
GERMAN AGGRESSION
Adolf Hitler preached to the Nazi party faithful that they
were a superior race that deserved more than they had,
including additional ___________, or living space,
and a higher standard of living. Hitler was an
emotional speaker who had a mesmerizing effect on those
who listened. By 1938 he had amassed the best-equipped,
best-trained army in the world.
Lebensraum
MilitarismMilitarism
GERMAN AGGRESSION
APPEASEMENT
After Germany invaded the Sudetenland, the British and
French met with Hitler in Munich on September 30, 1938. They agreed to allow the Nazi
leader to seize the Sudeten districts of Czechoslovakia in return for an assurance from him that he had no further
territorial claims in Europe. Their appeasement policy once
again gave in to the _____________________.aggressor
The Policy Of Appeasement
2. Based on what you have learned, and these Dr. Seuss cartoons, what does ‘appeasement’ mean?
2. Based on what you have learned, and these Dr. Seuss cartoons, what does ‘appeasement’ mean?
Appeasement: The Munich Agreement,
1938
Now we have “Peace in our Time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do
business with.
Neville Chamberlain, Edouard Neville Chamberlain, Edouard Daladier, Adolph Hitler, and Benito Mussolini. Adolph Hitler, and Benito Mussolini.
Film Clip Film ClipFilm Clip
3. Describe the tone of Chamberlain’s speech, how do you think he felt after signing the
Munich agreement?
3. Describe the tone of Chamberlain’s speech, how do you think he felt after signing the
Munich agreement?
PEACE FOR OUR TIME!
“An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat him last.”
- Winston Churchill
“An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat him last.”
- Winston Churchill
On 15 March 1939, the German army occupied the remainder of Czechoslovakia.
“My good friends… I have returned from Germany
bringing peace with honor. I believe it is peace for our time… Go home and get a
nice quiet sleep.”
Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939
Hitler breaks promises signed at the Munich Conference… still, noting is done to stop him!
Hitler breaks promises signed at the Munich Conference… still, noting is done to stop him!
Rome-Berlin Axis, 1939
The “Pact of Steel”
The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939
Foreign Ministers Foreign Ministers von Ribbentrop & Molotovvon Ribbentrop & Molotov
Plan to invade and split PolandPlan to invade and split Poland
Foreign Ministers Foreign Ministers von Ribbentrop & Molotovvon Ribbentrop & Molotov4. Why did Hitler and Stalin decide to work together? Will this
friendship last? Why?4. Why did Hitler and Stalin decide to work together? Will this
friendship last? Why?
Nazi-Soviet PactOn August 23, 1939, the world was shocked when, suddenly,
Russia and Germany signed a non-aggression pact. In addition, the two countries had a secret agreement to invade
and divide ______________ between them.Poland
GERMANY INVADES POLANDOn September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. Hitler introduced a new kind of war called a _______________,
which means “lightning war.”Blitzkrieg
GERMANY INVADES POLAND
German bombers targeted railroads, shown here, which crippled Polish military mobilization. Hundreds of tanks smashed through Polish
defenses and rolled deep into the country. The Poles fought hard, but on September 17, the _________________invaded their country from
the east. By the end of the month, Poland had fallen.Soviet Union
German Troops March into Warsaw
Video Clip: Blitzkrieg
Chamberlain Declares War
Listen to the speech by British Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlain.
1. What is the tone of the speech?
2. Is there anything Chamberlain could have done to prevent war?
Speech
Recap of Major Causes of WWII
1. Which do you think is the greatest reason for WWII? Why?