World War I

1st Modern War

The War to End all Wars

The Great War

I. Stalemate

A. Trench warfare

“No man’s land”

Barbed wire

II. Technology

• Machine guns

• Poison gas• Zepplins• U-boats• Airplanes

III. Global War

• Western Front—France

• Eastern Front—Russia

• Southern Europe—Balkans

• Ottoman Empire—Turkey

• Colonies sent aid

IV. Total War

• Conscription

• Propaganda

• Women

V. Players Change

A. Russian Revolution—EXIT

B. US Enters

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

sinking of the Lusitania

sympathize with England and France

Zimmerman Note

C. Italy flops

VI. War Ends

A. Armistice Signed 11/11/1918Germany thought it was a cease-fire not a surrender

B. Paris Peace ConferenceThe Big Three

Woodrow Wilson—Fourteen Pointsself-determination & League of Nations

David Lloyd George—Br PM

Navy

Georges Clemenceau—France

anti-German & need $$ to rebuild

Vittorio Orlando—Italy

wanted A-H’s land, but violated Wilson’s ideas on self-

determination

C. Treaty of Versailles 1919

self-determination for East Europe

League of Nations—collective security

Mandate System—Middle East

Russia & Japan not represented

Germany

blame

reparations--$30 billion

pensions for Allied widows

limit military

lose Alsace-Lorraine to France

lose colonies

D. US will not ratify joining the League of Nations

VII. Depression

A. Overproduction--P but bad for farmers

B. Industrial workers wages so goods P so bad for farmers

C. Buying stock on margin—calls in loans 1929—sell stock causing stock P

D. America recalls foreign loans

E. Banks fail

F. Millions out of work

G. Effects

Raise tariffs to protect US industry

Democracy & capitalism challenged

rise of dictators & communism