world religions - part 1 judiasm, hinduism & buddhism
TRANSCRIPT
Judiasm
Symbols of JudiasmStar of David -
Intertwined equilateral triangles are thought to bring luck
Menorah - symbol of Israel and its mission to a “light unto the nations;” light is not violent
Judiasm - Origin
Abraham made a covenant with God - only one God (monotheistic); God promised Israel
Moses led enslaved Jewish out of Egypt with a series of miraculous events and once freed, they received a revelation from God, including the 10 Commandments
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Judiasm - Basic Beliefs
The Torah is the sacred book of Judiasm Old Testament includes the Torah
Ten Commandments describe how people should behave towards God and one another613 Rabbinical laws total (relationship with
God and others; diet laws; wedding, death, love and relationships; etc. . .)
Including G-d, or YahwehOne is saved through commitment to being moral
to God
Judiasm - Social Impact
Jewish DiasporaDiscriminated against in Roman EmpireKicked out of Israel
Patriarchal communityMother’s lineage (matrilineal)
Judiasm - Women
“G-d is neither male or female”Men and women sit separately in
traditional synagogues“separate but equal”Women held positions of respect in
Judiasm
Hinduism - Origin
Began in India, nearly 3500 years agoMonotheistic (elements of polytheism)
One god in many different forms (Brahma, Vishnu, Shivu, Krishna)
Ritualistic religionVedas (earliest sacred documents): collection
of prayers and chantsWritten instructions of how rituals should be
performedUpanishads
Stories that share idea that behind many gods of this world, there is one Ultimate Reality (Brahman)
Hinduism - Basic Beliefs
Reincarnation - spirits return to earth many times trying to become one with BrahmanKarma - sum of all your deeds, good and bad
4 daily dutiesRevere the deitiesRespect the ancestorsRespect all beingsHonor all humankind
Hinduism and Society
The Caste System Social classes in which a person was born in
and lived their entire lifeGood karma = opportunity to move into a
higher caste
This life
Born intoA caste
Good Karma
Bad Karma
Next life
Higher caste
Lower caste
Hinduism and Society cont
Caste system separated Indian society into distinct social classes
Brahmin
KshatriyaVaisy
a Sudra
Untouchables
Hinduism - Women
Women held a superior position to men in ancient India
Words for strength and power - feminine
Buddhism - Origin
Founded by Siddhartha Gautama in India about 2500 years ago
Guatma was born to a wealthy Hindu family but sought spiritual enlightenment by renouncing his wealth and lived a strict disciplined life for 6 years.
Too extreme, so sat in meditation and found nirvana (place of perfect peace and happiness)
Buddhism - Basic Beliefs
Four Noble TruthsAll life is suffering Suffering is caused by desire for things
that are illusions The way to eliminate suffering is to
eliminate desire (nirvana = “extinction”)
To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold Path