World Class Educationwww.kean.edu

History 3000Elizabeth Hyde

Map 22.1: The Impact of World War II on Europe (p. 954)

Economic impact Demographic Impact Creation of United Nations Coming to terms with the Holocaust

1945 Nuremburg Trials 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1949 Genocide made a Crime

Mapping The West: Europe at War’s End, 1945 (p. 948)

Economic impact Demographic Impact Creation of United Nations Coming to terms with the Holocaust

1945 Nuremburg Trials 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1949 Genocide made a Crime

Impossible to maintain after WWII French decolonization

Indochina North Africa

Great Britain India Creation of Pakistan

New alliances NATO Soviet Union

Stalinist repression Creation of the Warsaw Pact

Map 22.3: European NATO Members and the Warsaw Pact in the 1950s (p. 960)

1952 and 1953: Hydrogen bombs (US and USSR)

1955: US B-52 bombers 1950s: ICBMS

US in Turkey USSR in Cuba

Cuban Missile Crisis

Khrushchev De-Stalinization Strengthening of Warsaw Pact

Mapping The West: The Cold War World, c. 1960 (p. 988)

Brezhnev Andropov Chernenko Mikhail Gorbachev

Perestroika Glasnost Afghanistan War

1989 Gorbachev visited Beijing, sparking protests in China

Declines to intervene in Soviet Bloc countries when they demand freedoms Poland Hungary Germany Czechoslovakia Romania

Economic distress 1990 announces leap into free markets Attempted right-wing coup averted by

Boris Yeltsin Gorbachev’s power broken USSR legally dissolved 1 January 1992

History of pan-European idea Search for economic partnerships

Jean Monnet and Paul-Henri Spaak 1947 Benelux countries form customs

union 1951 European Coal and Steel

Community 1957 Treaty of Rome 1959 Creation of EFTA

1963 British membership to EEC blocked by France

1973 Britain, Ireland, Denmark join EEC 1981 Greece becomes member 1986 Spain and Portugal join 2004 former Soviet Bloc states join

Executive Branch European Parliament European Court of Justice European Council