Windows XP:Windows XP:ContinueContinue

Files and FoldersFiles and Folders

Files & DirectoriesFiles & Directories

We store programs and data on We store programs and data on secondary storage devices using a secondary storage devices using a file systemfile system..

These are stored in structures These are stored in structures called called files (documents)files (documents) and and directories (folders)directories (folders)

Think of it as a filing cabinet...Think of it as a filing cabinet...

Secondary StorageSecondary Storage

File SystemsFile Systems Win XP uses 2 basic file systemsWin XP uses 2 basic file systems

– File Allocation Table (File Allocation Table (FATFAT))– NT File System (NT File System (NTFSNTFS))

master record of all data stored in filing master record of all data stored in filing cabinetcabinet

stores the name of the file/directory and stores the name of the file/directory and its location on the driveits location on the drive

DirectoriesDirectories

Files are stored in Files are stored in directoriesdirectories or or foldersfolders represented with a manilla folder iconrepresented with a manilla folder icon A A rootroot directory is a special direcory directory is a special direcory

equivalent to a drawer in the cabinet.equivalent to a drawer in the cabinet.– Ex: A:\ is the root directory on the A: driveEx: A:\ is the root directory on the A: drive

Folders may be stored inside folders, Folders may be stored inside folders, these are subdirectories.these are subdirectories.

FilesFiles

FilesFiles are equivalent to the individual are equivalent to the individual documents in a folder.documents in a folder.

2 basic types2 basic types– Progam files - applications and their partsProgam files - applications and their parts– Data files - special files containing user Data files - special files containing user

datadata Both files and folders in Win XP can have Both files and folders in Win XP can have

names with up to 255 characters, including names with up to 255 characters, including spaces.spaces.

Document TypesDocument Types

Documents are shown as a piece of Documents are shown as a piece of paper with an icon representing the type paper with an icon representing the type of information in it.of information in it.

If the application is known the document If the application is known the document is called an is called an associated documentassociated document..– Double-clicking an ass. Doc. Starts the Double-clicking an ass. Doc. Starts the

appropriate application.appropriate application.– If unknown, its the windows icon, must use If unknown, its the windows icon, must use

open with...open with...

Navigating the File SystemNavigating the File System

2 ways to navigate the file system in NT2 ways to navigate the file system in NT– icon viewicon view– tree viewtree view

Icon viewIcon view– as in My Computer windowas in My Computer window– files and folders depicted as separate iconsfiles and folders depicted as separate icons– separate windows open for each folder separate windows open for each folder

selectedselected– Can see the details of the document using Can see the details of the document using

detail viewdetail view

Navigating the File SystemNavigating the File System

Tree viewTree view– As in Explorer windowAs in Explorer window– files and folders represented in a files and folders represented in a

hierarchical tree diagramhierarchical tree diagram– still makes use of iconsstill makes use of icons– gives more informationgives more information– shows relationship between the shows relationship between the

drives, folders and files.drives, folders and files.

Selecting Documents & Selecting Documents & FoldersFolders

You can use the mouse to select single You can use the mouse to select single or multiple documents and folders.or multiple documents and folders.

Single objectSingle object - point and click - point and click Multiple objectsMultiple objects

– Adjacent objectsAdjacent objects hold hold ShiftShift while selecting the endpoints while selecting the endpoints or dragor drag

– Non-adjacent objectsNon-adjacent objects hold hold CTRLCTRL while selecting objects while selecting objects

Working with Files & Working with Files & FoldersFolders

Once you have selected there are Once you have selected there are 4 ways to carry out tasks in 4 ways to carry out tasks in ExplorerExplorer– select menu item or toolbar buttonselect menu item or toolbar button– right-click and select from menuright-click and select from menu– dragdrag– press a key or key-sequencepress a key or key-sequence

Common TasksCommon Tasks

CopyCopy - copy object to another location - copy object to another location MoveMove - move object to another - move object to another

locationlocation DeleteDelete - delete object(s) - delete object(s) RenameRename - rename the object - rename the object PrintPrint - print if possible - print if possible OpenOpen - display object(s) in appropriate - display object(s) in appropriate

application windowapplication window

Notes on Common TasksNotes on Common Tasks

When using the drag option, keep in When using the drag option, keep in mind thatmind that– objects dragged to a new location on the objects dragged to a new location on the

same disk will be movedsame disk will be moved– objects dragged to a new location on a objects dragged to a new location on a

different disk will be copieddifferent disk will be copied can use modifier keys to ensure the can use modifier keys to ensure the

correct operationcorrect operation– CTRL for copy; SHIFT for moveCTRL for copy; SHIFT for move

Right-click Context MenusRight-click Context Menus

Some handy operations in the Some handy operations in the context menuscontext menus– within a folder can create a within a folder can create a NewNew

folderfolder– Scan for Viruses… (Norton)Scan for Viruses… (Norton)– Send to Send to – Print - can print ass. docs. directlyPrint - can print ass. docs. directly– Create ShortcutCreate Shortcut

Formatting a Data DiskFormatting a Data Disk

Format initializes a disk so it conforms Format initializes a disk so it conforms to the format use by your computerto the format use by your computer

In Explorer, right-click on the A: driveIn Explorer, right-click on the A: drive Select the Format.. command.Select the Format.. command. 2 options2 options

– Quick Format - for previously formatted Quick Format - for previously formatted – Full Format - for unformattedFull Format - for unformatted

The Print ManagerThe Print Manager

Start/Settings/Printers…Start/Settings/Printers… clicking on the icon for a particular clicking on the icon for a particular

printer will open the printer will open the print queueprint queue for that printer.for that printer.

Can manage your print jobs from Can manage your print jobs from herehere– ex: Cancelex: Cancel

SearchSearch

Find a fileFind a file Find a folderFind a folder Using name or partial nameUsing name or partial name Advance search (time, size, etc.)Advance search (time, size, etc.)

Print ScreenPrint Screen

Print the whole screenPrint the whole screen Print a windowPrint a window

Desktop PropertiesDesktop Properties

Right-click on an empty spot on the Right-click on an empty spot on the desktop and select Properties…desktop and select Properties…– can control the appearance of your desktop can control the appearance of your desktop

herehere– Change resolutionChange resolution– Change screen saverChange screen saver

can edit start menucan edit start menu Use HelpUse Help

Compress FilesCompress Files Compress: take a file on your hard drive and make it's Compress: take a file on your hard drive and make it's

size becomes smaller and therefore takes up less size becomes smaller and therefore takes up less storage space and is faster to upload or download on a storage space and is faster to upload or download on a network or the Internetnetwork or the Internet

A compressor is a program that actually compresses A compressor is a program that actually compresses another file. Examples: gzip, WinRar, and winzipanother file. Examples: gzip, WinRar, and winzip

Some format of files can be compressed more than Some format of files can be compressed more than some other types. Word document, .exe files can be some other types. Word document, .exe files can be compressed more. Bitmap, gif, jpeg, mps files can compressed more. Bitmap, gif, jpeg, mps files can hardly compressed.hardly compressed.

ArchiveArchive An archival program takes many separate files and An archival program takes many separate files and

archives them into one file. For example, an archival archives them into one file. For example, an archival program would allow you to take a directory of files and program would allow you to take a directory of files and archive them into one file that you can then send as an archive them into one file that you can then send as an email with a single attachment for all those individual files.email with a single attachment for all those individual files.

An archive is a single file that contains many separate An archive is a single file that contains many separate files. These individual files can be extracted from the main files. These individual files can be extracted from the main archivearchive

Archival programs are used often to back up data. You Archival programs are used often to back up data. You would use archives to backup a folder or a number of files would use archives to backup a folder or a number of files into a single file and compress them as well. This allows into a single file and compress them as well. This allows you to save space and then store that individual file on a you to save space and then store that individual file on a floppy or other removable media.floppy or other removable media.

Types of archives and Types of archives and file compressorsfile compressors

Program*Program* File ExtensionFile Extension TypeType Operating Operating System**System**

WinZipWinZip .zip.zip Archive/CompressArchive/Compress DOS/WindowsDOS/Windows

WinRarWinRar .rar.rar Archive/CompressArchive/Compress DOS/WindowsDOS/Windows

ArjArj .arj.arj Archive/CompressArchive/Compress DOS/WindowsDOS/Windows

GzipGzip .gz.gz CompressCompress Unix/LinuxUnix/Linux

CompressCompress .Z.Z CompressCompress Unix/LinuxUnix/Linux

TARTAR .tar.tar ArchiveArchive Unix/LinuxUnix/Linux

Stuffit ExpanderStuffit Expander .hqx.hqx Archive/CompressArchive/Compress AppleApple