1. some years ago word reached me concerning yourproficiency, of which everybody constantly spoke. At that timeI began to have a very high regard for you... For I had learnedthat you had not merely mastered the discoveries of theancient astronomers uncommonly well but had alsoformulated a new cosmology. In it you maintain that the earthmoves; that the sun occupies the lowest, and thus the central,place in the universe... Therefore with the utmost earnestnessI entreat you, most learned sir, unless I inconvenience you, tocommunicate this discovery of yours to scholars, and at theearliest possible moment to send me your writings on thesphere of the universe together with the tables and whateverelse you have that is relevant to this subject ...

2. research needs to be communicatedto be powerful. 3. 1. the unexpected power of thelaw to defeat unexpected usesof technology. 4. Licensed under CC BY SA by Ed Uthman, http://www.flickr.com/photos/78147607@N00 5. nothing in the architecture to prevent people from building 6. something in the architecture to prevent people from sharing 7. no:copying,distribution,display, etc.(unless licensed) 8. not: 9. built for this(so whats this?) 10. (or this?) 11. the scholarly content industry reaction. 12. (we are subsidizing the dig, sadly) 13. the unexpected power of the law toenable unexpected uses of technology. 14. 2. we need rights (legal or normative) to createnetworks with knowledge. 15. assembly 16. research 17. credit 18. attribution (does not) = citation 19. publication is step 1. 20. not always connectable to the law. 21. changes in metrics 22. changes in peer review style 23. changes in publishable objects 24. changes in collaboration 25. changes in hardware 26. changes in participation 27. 3.first principles. 28. when we try to solve all theproblems at once, we overdo it. 29. Taking the "forklift upgrade" approach tonetworking, it specified eliminating all existingprotocols and replacing them with new ones atall layers of the stack. This madeimplementation difficult, and was resisted bymany vendors and users with significantinvestments in other network technologies. Inaddition, the protocols included so manyoptional features that many vendorsimplementations were not interoperable.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Systems_Interconnection 30. let the critics fix the problems. 31. avoid unintendedconsequences of control. 32. practice separation ofconcerns 33. Edsger Wybe Dijkstra 34. We know that a program must be correct and we can study it from that viewpoint only; we also know that it should be efficient and we can study its efficiency on another day, so to speak. In another mood we may ask ourselves whether, and if so: why, the program is desirable. But nothing is gained --on the contrary!-- bytackling these various aspects simultaneously. It is what I sometimes have called "the separation of concerns",which, even if not perfectly possible, is yet the only available technique for effective ordering of onesthoughts, that I know of. This is what I mean by "focusing ones attention upon some aspect": it doesnot mean ignoring the other aspects, it is just doingjustice to the fact that from this aspects point of view,the other is irrelevant. It is being one- and multiple-track minded simultaneously. 35. treat content, data, software, and privacy inseparate bins, but with aneye towards forming astack. 36. Creative Commons works at year end500,000,000100.0%450,000,00090.0%400,000,00080.0%350,000,00070.0%300,000,00060.0%TotalFree %250,000,00050.0%Ported %200,000,00040.0%150,000,00030.0%100,000,00020.0% 50,000,00010.0% 0 0.0%2003 2004 20052006 20072008 20092010 2011-09 37. nothing beats a funder mandate. % of author compliance with NIH deposit80706050403020100 before mandateafter mandate 38. open access publishers116,883 articles /year(about 20% of global total) 39. 14 large publishers25,267 of 36,096 under CC(80% + under BY) 40. 80,787 articles from others. info available for 73% (58,974) 21% of those under CC 12,384 articles 41. 37,651 under CCrepresents 32% of global OA output /and 39% of measurable OA output 42. simple. weak. standardized. open. 43. simple. weak. standardized. open. 44. simple. weak. standardized. open. 45. simple. weak. standardized. open. 46. p.s.we have no idea how weird its going to get. 47. in a world of constant change, opensystems can out-evolve closed ones. 48. go out and make open stuff.