WHI: SOL 3a-e

Indus Valley Civilization and China

Map of Indian Subcontinent• India– Indus River -Harappa– Ganges River -Mohenjo-Daro– Brahmaputra River– Hindu Kush (Khyber Pass)– Himalayas (Mt. Everest)– Deccan Plateau– Eastern and Western Ghats– Arabian Sea– Bay of Bengal Textbook pg.

69– Indian Ocean

Geography• Subcontinent- large landmass that juts out from

the continent• Natural isolation due to the mountain ranges to

the North, bodies of water along the sides• Gangetic Plain- South of the Himalayas• Deccan Plateau- high, dry land, center of the

subcontinent• Coastal Plains- separated from Deccan by low

mountains (E and W Ghats)

Monsoons

• Monsoons- seasonal winds that move from certain directions for parts of the year

• Winter Monsoons- blow over land and are dry• Summer Monsoons- blow over Indian Ocean

and Arabian Sea bringing rain

Indus Valley Civilization

• 2600 b.c.-1900 b.c. Indus River Valley civilization along the Indus River

• Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the capital cities

• **Carefully planned, grid cities indicate a well-organized government

Indus Valley Civilization• Social: hierarchy• Political: well-organized government• Economic: farmers (cotton), traders (Sumer, E.

Africa)• Religious: polytheistic, mother goddess,

veneration of cows• Achievements: grid pattern for city streets,

plumbing system, uniform systems of weights and measurements (trade), system of writing not able to be deciphered