whats new in java 5, 6, & 7 (webinar presentation - june 2013)

What’s New in Java 5, 6 & 7

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About DevelopIntelligence

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Copyright DevelopIntelligence LLC

About Kelby Zorgdrager

President of DevelopIntelligence

Working with and teaching Java since 1996 (1.0.1)

Former Sun Microsystems Java Platform engineer

Delivered training to over 5,000 engineers worldwide

Webinar Topics

In this presentation, we will cover:

Current State of Java

Newish Language Features

Questions at the end

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Objectives

When we are done, you should be:

Familiar with current state of Java

Aware of new features


Current State of Java


7

Java SE 5.0

Significant revamp of JavaNot largest revamp in terms of new APIs

Significance lies in new language features

Released Sept 2004 - Code named “Tiger”

EOL’d Oct 30, 2009

Current version 1.5 update 22

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8

Java SE 6

Focused on refreshing APIs, internals, and Scripting support

Released Dec 2006 - Code named “Mustag”



9

Java SE 7

Focused on simplifying language, APIs, internals, and dynamic language support

Released July 2011 - Code named “Dolphin”



Breadth of Java Across Versions

10 DevelopIntelligence http://www.DevelopIntelligence.com

1.0.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.70

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

8 22 59 76 135 166 203 209202

477

1524

1840

2723

3279

3793

4024

Growth of Java

PackagesClasses

Java Version

Am

ou

nt

Growth of Java Across Versions


1.0.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

275268

129

178

123 122

103

0

236

319

121

148

120 116106

Growth of Java

Package Growth

Class Growth

Version

Perc

en

tag

e G

row

th

Language Features

“newish”


General Language Niceties


Single Static Import [1.5]


provide direct access to static variables and methods

On-Demand Static Import [1.5]



Literals [1.7]


Simplification of Strings [1.7]

Strings are constants - And - treated like primitives (at least from a coding perspective)

But until Java 7 – weren’t supported in switch statements

String a = “Hello”; . . . switch(a) { case “hello”: case “Hello”: case “HELLO” //do something break; default: //do something else break;}

Autoboxing [1.5]


Collection Autoboxing [1.5]


Autoboxing Support

Primitive Type Reference Typeboolean java.lang.Boolean

byte java.lang.Byte

short java.lang.Short

int java.lang.Integer

long java.lang.Long

float java.lang.Float

double java.lang.Double

char java.lang.Character


For-each Loop [1.5]


Iterable For-each Loop [1.5]


Variable Method Arguments [old way]


varargs [1.5]


enums


Working with an Enum

Enums are types – provide type safety for a closed set of values

Values are instances of an enum typeStored as static final fields in type

Defined in terms ofname - stringified representation of field name

ordinal - position in set

Referencable through dot-notation

Are switchable


enum [1.5]


Working with an Enum [cont.]

Reference using dot notation

Enums have some predefined static methodsvalues – retrieves all enum instancesvalueOf - transforms String value into enum instance

Have some predefined instance methodsname – upper-case name of enum instancetoStringequalshashCode


Accessing an Enum Value


Enum Switch Example


Enum Method Example


Prints: SUNDAYMONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAYSATURDAY

Typesafe Collections


Typesafe Collection Advantages

Adds compile time type safety to collections

Type safety simplifies collection interactions (ie: iterating)

No advantages (or disadvantages) in speed or performance


Simple List Example [Old way]


Simple List Example [1.5]



Simplification of Generics [1.7]

1.5 way of declaring and initializing a collection:

List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();

Compiler should be “smart enough” to infer type from declaration

1.7 way of declaring and initializing:

List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

Annotations


38

Annotations

Metadata facility for JavaAllowing you to provide additional data alongside Java classes

Similar to Javadoc “metadata” facility

Expanded and formalized mechanism“Competes” with Doclet / XDoclet

Recognized by Java compiler and other tools


@Override Example [1.5]


Covariant Returns


Covariant Returns

What are they?Allows return type of inherited method to be narrowed

Applies to method over-riding not over-loading

Why do they exist?Needed to support generics mechanism

Removes narrowing cast on polymorphic returns

Prevents run-time ClassCastExceptions on returns

Provides compile-time type dependency checking


Covariant Return Example [1.5]


43

Auto-Closing Resources



Simplification of try/catch [1.7]

There’s a lot of try/catch/finally boiler-plate code out there

Why not let the compiler generate it for you?

FileInputStream fis; try { fis = new FileInputStream(“/tmp/myfile.txt”); …} catch(IOException ioe) { …} finally { fis.close()}

try (InputStream fis =new FileInputStream(“/tmp/myfile.txt”)) { …}

New way


Simplification of try/catch [1.7]

Do we really need all those catches?

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whats new in java 5, 6, & 7 (webinar presentation - june 2013)

Technology

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java se

areas of java

teaching java

breadth of java

boolean byte java

float double java

long float java