wh2 sol 3 review
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SOL 3
The reformation
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For centuries leading up to the reformation, what institution had dominated religious, thought and action?
A: The Catholic Church
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The Catholic Church’s reluctance to change led to a new movement known as the _________________ ________________. This movement gave birth to new political (ex. Democracy) and economic institutions (ex. Capitalism).
A: Protestant Reformation
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The Merchants had been upset with the catholic church for banning what practice that helped them start businesses?
A: Usury (making loans with interest) Usury helped CAPITALISM take root
during this time.
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What did Catholic leaders such as Johan Tetzel sell as penance for sins, allowing people to buy their way into heaven?
A: Indulgences
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Which man started the Protestant Reformation with his posting of the 95 Theses (his complaints against the Church)?
A: Martin Luther
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What were Martin Luther’s 3 major beliefs on religion that differed from the Catholic Church?
A: Salvation by FAITH ALONE The Bible as the Ultimate
Authority (not the Pope) All humans are equal before god.
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Catholic v. Protestant
GOD
Priests/Clergy Commoners
GOD
CHURCH
MAN
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What was the name of the French Protestant Reformer who believed in PREDESTINATION (God determines at birth whether someone is saved or not)?
A: John Calvin
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How did John Calvin believe those who were predestined for heaven would show their faith?
A. Living a righteous life Strong Work Ethic
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Which major Protestant reformer broke with the Church mainly for disliking the political power of the Pope?
A: Henry VIII
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Key Leaders
Henry VIII’s disagreement with the Pope became a serious problem when Henry wanted to get a _________________.
A: Divorce
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Reformation in England
After forming the ANGLICAN church as the major protestant church in England, who did Henry VIII place in head of the church?
A: Himself (and all future
monarchs) This was so he would not
have to share power like he had done with the Pope
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Key Leaders
Which important Protestant leader is described below?
Expanded Anglican church Tolerant to dissenters Started colonization efforts for England. A: Elizabeth I
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Reformation in England
Elizabeth I and England’s victory over ______________ and their naval fleet (the armada) in 1588 protected England as a protestant country.
A. Spain
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Reformation in Germany
The Reformation in Germany led to Conflict as the Protestants in the _____________ areas started to support Lutheran Churches and break away from the Pope.
A: Northern
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Reformation in Germany
The ______________________ dynasty that led the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (Germany) chose to stay loyal to the Catholic Church.
A: Hapsburg
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The THIRTY YEARS’ WAR in Germany was mainly fought by which two sides (______________ vs _______________)?
A: Catholic vs. Protestants
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Reformation in France
While initially persecuted for their beliefs, the HUGUENOTS (protestants in France) were granted religious freedom by the ________________________________.
A: Edict of Nantes
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Reformation in France
By supporting the Protestant side in the 30 years’ war, French Catholic leader CARDINAL RICHLIEUE changed the focus of the 30 years’ war from a religious war to a __________________ war.
A: Political
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Catholic Reformation
One Catholic dissenter prior to Martin Luther who encouraged people to READ the Bible for themselves in their own language was:
A: John Wycliffe
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Another dissenter in the Catholic church prior to Martin Luther who was martyred (killed for his beliefs) was:
A: Jan Huss
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Catholic Reformation
The Catholic Church’s efforts to reform from within and get more followers was known as the:
A: Catholic Reformation
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Catholic Reformation
What was the name of the group of Catholic priests who tried to spread Catholic doctrine to other parts of the world?
A: Jesuits The Society of Jesus
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The Catholic Church established the ____________________ to punish HERETICS that criticized the Church.
A: Inquisition
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During the Reformation, literacy increased due to what invention?
A: The printing press
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Who invented the printing press? A: Johannes Gutenberg
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In protestant areas, why was the Bible translated from Latin into vernacular languages?
A: Because few people could read Latin.
Protestants encouraged people to read the Bible for themselves.
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T/F: After years of fighting in the Reformation between Catholics and Protestants, eventually the two sides became more tolerant of each other.
A: TRUE