Welcome to North Africa!

Sahara - Atlas Mountains - Salt Water Lakes

Common Throughout: Qur’anic Recitation

Pronunciation, intonation, caesuras Not considered music by Muslims

Zaffa (http://www.zaffa.co.uk/about.php) Arab musical wedding procession Instruments: bendir drums, bagpipes, horns, belly dancers

(& men carrying flaming swords) The Zaffa announces that the marriage is about to begin Is an ancient tradition (pre-dating Islam)

3 Popular Egyptian Musicians:

Amr Diab: -best-selling Arab recording artist of all time -singer/composer of Geel pop music-blend of Western and Egyptian rhythms-most popular music video: N'eoul Eih

www.amrdiab.net

Egypt is considered a transcontinental country

Hakim: -Egyptian Singer-First person from an Arab country to perform at a Nobel Peace Prize event

Umm Kulthoumm: -considered the greatest female singer in Arab music history-died in 1975-genre “Arabic Pop”

Sudan-Northern Sudanese:

-roots in Haqibah, a harmonic a cappella vocal style (uses the riq)-music used to enhancesocial/political movements

Hip-Hop: -represents an avenue forpeace-lyrics are used as an educational tool to reach child soldiers

Emmanuel Jal Former child soldier from Sudan Saw his mother killed by the army he was forced to join Turned into a hip-hop artist to sing/rap about his experiences Philanthropist (Gua-Africa, etc) Emma McCune

Ethiopia-Mostly traditional musicIs heard (as opposed topopular). A lot of their trad. music is shifting to electronicinstrumentation.

-Brass Bands: long-standing tradition that was introduced byorphans from Jerusalem -similar to Balkan Gypsy bands

-“Irikum” Example

The Maghreb:

In Islam, a prayer that occurs after sunset. The region translates to “place of sunset” (I.e. west).

Libya

Little or no pop music industry Libyan folk music (Touareg people) includes intricate

clapping Traveling poet singers have spread huda across Libya

(camel-drivers’ songs) The rhythm is said to mimic the feet of a walking camel

Tunisia

Malouf: a type of music imported from the Andalucian region of Spain Translates to “familiar” or “customary” An emblem of National identity Highly influenced by Turkish music

Algerian Rai Rai

Algerian Folk music from Bedouin shepherds - combines the sacred & secular

Bedouin: Desert-dwelling Arab ethnic group Began in 1930’s Has lyrical themes about social issues Instruments: Gaspa, Guellal, drum machine, synthesizer Popular sub-genres: Wahrani, pop rai, Rai rock, Rai n’ B Important Musician: Cheb Khaled (1992 Album - Khaled),

Algerian chaabi chaabi (popular):

frequently found in weddings/ceremonies Formalized by: El Hadj M’Hamed El Anka

(d. 1978) - performed chaabi for 50 yrs Notable song: “Lahmam lirabitou”

Inspired by Arab Andalucian music & Spanish flamenco Typical song: Mournful Arabic/Berber vocals w/

accompaniment

Morocco Moroccan chaabi: frequently found in

weddings/ceremonies Similar to Rai (desert folk music)

Artist: Najat Aatabou Song: “Hadi Kedba Bayna" ("Just Tell Me The Truth") Sampled by the Chemical Brothers - “Galvanize”

British electronic dance duo

Mauritania

Music is predominantly Moorish Musicians are the lowest caste (iggawin)

Their role: to spread news between villages

3 ways to play in the Mauritanian Tradition:

“the white way” - Moors of North African stock

“the black way” - Moors of Sub-Saharan stock

“the mixed way” -

Ex: Bena & Beiba (“the black way”)

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.