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WEG2018BiosecurityandWelfare
Updated: 30/08/2018 FINAL 1
WorldEquestrianGames2018
TryonInternationalEquestrianCenter,NorthCarolina
2nd–25thSeptember2018
BIOSECURITYMANUAL
Biosecurity,quarantineandinfectioncontroloperationalprocedures
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Operationalprocedurereference
Operationalproceduretitle Pagenumber
TIEC-WEG-BIO-01 Staffingandoperationalresponsibilitiesatarrivalpoints:(1)PAQ(InternationalFEIcompetitionhorses);(2)Domesticarrivals(DomesticFEIcompetitionhorsesandExhibitionhorses)(USDA,NCDA-CS,WEGVetServicesteams)
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-02 Biosecurityprotocolsandguidanceforgrooms,ridersandteamveterinarianswhilehorsesarestabledatthevenue
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-03 Biosecuritycontrolpoints,zoningandbiosecurityproceduresatthevenue
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-04 HealthrequirementsforInternationalFEICompetitionhorses
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-05 HealthrequirementsforDomesticFEICompetitionhorses
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-06 HealthrequirementsforExhibitionhorses
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-07 VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionandbiosecurityproceduresfordomesticarrivalsattheDAZ,includingcoordinationwithsecurityscreeningandFEIinspections
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-08 VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectiondecisionmakingtreeattheDomesticArrivalsZone(DAZ)
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-09 VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionandbiosecurityproceduresforhorsesintheFEIVenueBarnsandExhibitionBarns
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-10 Decisionmakingtreeforallhorsesinthemainvenuestabling,excludingPAQandisolationareas
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-11 Suspicionofdisease;pre-emptivemeasures;andcategoriesof‘containable’andnon-containable’diseases
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-12 CriteriaforholdinghorsesattheDAZforinvestigation,diversionofhorsestoBarn1holdingstallsfromtheDAZ;orforremovalofhorsesfromtheFEICompetitionBarnsstablestotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationstalls
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-13 ActionstobetakenwhenkeydiseasesyndromesaredetectedintheDAZ,intheFEIVenueBarns,orExhibitionBarns:actionsforindexcases,actionsforin-contactsanddiagnostictestrequirements
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-14 OperationalproceduresforFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-15 Listofdiseasescontainableandnon-containableatthevenueisolationstallsandwhichrequiretransfertoexternalisolationfacilities(TEHorUGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospital)
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-16 Criteriaforreleaseofhorsesfromvenueisolationstalls
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-17 DomesticArrivalsZone(DAZ)cleaninganddisinfection
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-18 FEIVenuebarnscleaninganddisinfection
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-19 CleaninganddisinfectionofIsolationStables 57TIEC-WEG-BIO-20 WEGproceduresforbiosecurityincident
managementandcommunicationsduringWEG
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-21 DiseasesunderthejurisdictionofUSDA
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-22 WEGVetServicescontrolplansforother(non-USDAandNCDA-CSjurisdiction)diseases
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GlossaryandDefinitionsTerm Definition
ADA AmericanDisabilityAct
BiosecurityManager Veterinarianinoverallchargeofbiosecurity,reportstoVSM
Containabledisease Anon-USDAreportable,non-FAD;affectedhorsesarejudgedbytheWEGVSMandBiosecurityManagertobeofacceptablerisktobemanagedintheisolationfacilitiesatTIEC
DAZ DomesticArrivalsZone
DomesticFEICompetitionhorses
FEICompetitionhorseswhichareeithernormallyresidentintheUSA,orhavepreviouslybeenimportedtotheUSAandcompletedPAQataUSDAapprovedimportquarantinecenter.
ExhibitionBarns ThesearebarnsphysicallyoutsidetheFEIVenueCompound,andprovidetheonlyhousingforExhibitionhorses.
Exhibition/ADAHorses AllhorsespresentatTIECduringWEGthatarenotpartofFEIcompetition:Demonstration,andADAhorsesandponies.
TheseareallUSresidentanimals.
ExhibitionBarnVeterinarian
TheseveterinariansworkexclusivelywithExhibitionHorses,overseeingtheirarrivalinspectionandhealthwhileatTIEC.TheydonothavecredentialsforadmissiontotheFEIcompoundandwillnothavecontactwithFEIcompetitionhorses.
FAD ForeignAnimalDisease(adiseasenotnormallyoccurringintheUSAandwhichisreportabletoUSDA)
FEI FederationEquestreInternationaleorInternationalFederationforEquestrianSport
FEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls
TheseisolationstallsareinsidetheFEIVenueCompound,andareforisolationofFEICompetitionHorsesinthefaceofdisease(non-Piroplasmosis-positivehorsesexclusively).
FEICompetitionHorses Horsescompetingatthe2018games,includesInternationalandDomestichorses.
FEIStewards IndividualswithFEIaccreditation,taskedwithensuringrulesofcompetitionarefollowed.
FEIVenueBarns TheseareallbarnsinsidetheFEIVenueCompound.TheyprovidehousingforFEICompetitionHorses.
FEIVenueCompound ThisistheareaoftheTIECenclosedbyasecureperimeterpolicedbytheFEI,andoverseenbyFEIStewards.ItdoesnotincludeBarn1andtheDAZ,orthePAQ(Barn5).
GSP Greenville-SpartanburgInternationalairport,inSouthCarolina.PrimarylandingsiteforInternationalFEICompetitionHorses.
InternationalFEICompetitionhorses
FEICompetitionHorsesarrivinginUSAforpurposesofWEGcompetition.ThesehorsesarriveatGSPandtravelundersealorUSDA-escortedtoTIECtocompletePAQ.
InternationalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positivehorses
FEICompetitionHorsesarrivinginUSAforpurposesofWEGcompetition,whichareknowntobePiroplasmosis-positiveinadvance.ThesehorsesarriveatGSPandtravelundersealorUSDA-escortedtoTIECtocompletePAQ,andarethenhousedinthePiroplasmosisBarns.
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InternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorses
AnyInternationalFEICompetitionhorsearrivinginMiamiUSDAapprovedimportquarantinecenterandcompletingPAQtherewhicharePiroplasmosis-positive,andtraveltoTIECundersealorUSDA-escorted.ThesehorseswilljointhePiroplasmosis-positiveInternationalFEICompetitionHorsesimmediatelyafterinspectionattheDAZ.
NCStateVetHospital NorthCarolinaState,CollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,VeterinaryHospital.RegionalreferralhospitalprovidinghospitalizationandisolationresourcesforFEICompetitionHorses.
NCDA-CS-CS NorthCarolinaDepartmentofAgricultureandConsumerServices
NF NationalFederation
Non-containabledisease AUSDAreportablediseaseoraFAD;alsoincludescontagiousendemicdiseasesthatwouldbedifficulttocontroliftheyoccurredatTIECduringWEG;affectedhorsescouldbejudgedbytheUSDA,NCDA-CSorWEGVSMtobeunsuitableformanagementintheisolationfacilitiesatTIECandcouldbeshippedtoaremoteisolationfacility.
PAQ PostArrivalQuarantine–thiswilloccurinTIECBarn5exclusively,andintheadjacentPAQIsolationStalls.
PAQIsolationStalls ThesestallsarepartofPAQ,andaresituatedimmediatelyadjacenttoBarn5.TheyprovideisolationfacilitiesforhorsesinPAQonly
PiroplasmosisBarns ThesebarnsareinsidetheFEIVenueCompound,andareforInternationalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positivehorses
Piroplasmosis-positiveHorseIsolationStalls
ThesestallsareinsidetheFEIVenueCompound,andareforisolationofInternationalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positivehorsesifneededinthefaceofdisease.
Piroplasmosis-positivehorses
AllInternationalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positivehorsesandInternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorses.ThesehorsesarehousedexclusivelyinthePiroplasmosisBarns,andmanagedaccordingtospecificbiosecurityprotocols.
PPE PersonalProtectiveEquipment
SecurityTeam TIECemployees/contractorsprovidingsecurityforTIECvenue.
SOP StandardOperatingProcedure
StablesManager TIECemployeewithoverallresponsibilityforstablelogistics,movementofhorses(includingtoisolation),provisionoffoodandwater,C&Dofbarns.
TEH TryonEquineHospital–OfficialprivateequineveterinaryhospitalprovidinghospitalizationandisolationresourcesforFEICompetitionHorses.
TIEC TryonInternationalEquestrianCenter–thevenuefortheWEG.
UGAVetHospital UniversityofGeorgia,CollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,VeterinaryHospital.RegionalreferralhospitalprovidinghospitalizationandisolationresourcesforFEICompetitionHorses.
USDA UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture
VSM VeterinaryServicesManager
WEG WorldEquestrianGames2018
WEGVetServicesTeam VeterinaryteamreportingtotheVSM
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-01
Staffingandoperationalresponsibilitiesatarrivalspoints:(1)PAQ(InternationalFEIcompetitionhorses);(2)Domesticarrivals(DomesticFEIcompetitionhorsesandExhibitionhorses)(USDA,NCDA-CS,WEGVetServicesteams)
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinetheoperationalrolesandresponsibilitiesofthedifferentteamsthatwillberesponsibleforreceiving,andmanagingtheflowof,horsesarrivingattheTIECvenueupto,andincluding,thetransferofhorsesfromquarantine(PAQ)anddomesticarrivals(DAZ)totheFEIVenueBarnsortheExhibitionBarns.
PAQ • ThearrivalsscheduleforinternationalhorseshasbeencoordinatedbyPedenBloodstockGmbHandTheDuttaCorporation,whoaretheOfficialInternationalShippingAgentsforWEGandaretheequinetransportlogisticsmanagersforinternationalhorsemovementstoandfromTIECfortheWEG.Inaddition,somehorsesarrivingatTIECwillbeshippedIRT(InternationalRacehorseTransport).
• FulldetailsofshippingarrangementscanbefoundintheEquestrianFreightManual(availablefromtheFEIwebsite1).
• InternationalFEICompetitionhorsesflyingdirecttoNorthCarolinaforWEGwillarriveatGreenville-SpartanburgInternationalAirport(GSP).NotethatinternationalhorsesflyingtootherUSairports(NewYork,MiamiandChicago)willclearPAQattheportofentryandwillmovetothevenueasDomesticFEICompetitionHorsestogothroughthesameentryprocedureashorsesthatareresidentintheUSA.InternationalhorsesbeingimportedunderCEM-waiverthathaveclearedPAQattheportofentrywillbemonitoredbyUSDAandwillbeshippedtoTIECinsealedtrailers.DetailsofUSDAproceduresforinternationalarrivals,includinghorsesunderCEM-waiver,canbefoundintheUSDAWEGArrivalSOP.
• OnarrivalatGSP,horseswillbeunloadedandtherequiredbloodsamplesforPAQtesting(EIA,EquinePiroplasmosis,DourineandGlanders)willbecollectedbyUSDApersonnel.HorseswillthenbetransferredtotrucksfortransporttoTIECunderthesupervisionofUSDApersonnel.TruckswillbeescortedtoTIECbyStatePolicevehiclesandUSDA.
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• OnarrivalatTIEC,truckswillclearsecurityatthevenueentrypointandthenmovetothesecurePAQarea(Barn5)wherehorseswillbeunloadedunderthesupervisionofPedenBloodstockpersonnelandtransferredintotherelevant‘pod’withinPAQ.
• OncehorsesareinthePAQbarn,theybecometheresponsibilityof,andareunderthejurisdictionof,theUSDAteam.
• Groomswillhaveaccesstothepodtoassistwithsettlinghorsesintotheirstablesandassistingwithinitialclinicalexamination.Oncethisiscomplete,groomswillleavethepod,thepodwillbesealedandthe42hPAQperiodbegins.GroomsandtreatingvetswillhaveaccesstothepodonlywiththeapprovaloftheUSDA.DetailsofUSDAproceduresforPAQcanbefoundintheUSDAWEGPAQSOP.
• HorseswillreceiveaminimumoffourrectaltemperaturechecksduringPAQ(thefirstatinitialarrivalandthenevery12hours)asspecifiedintheUSDAWEGPAQSOP.HorseswillbereleasedfromPAQoncethe42hourperiodiscompletedprovidedtheyhaveremainedclinicallynormalandalltestresultsarenegative(or,inthecaseofPiroplasmosis,thePAQtestresultmatchesthehorse’sexpectedPiroplasmosisstatus).FurtherdetailsaboutimporttestingprotocolscanbefoundintheUSDAEquineImporttestingProtocol2.
• OncereleasedfromPAQ,groomswillwalkhorsesacrosstotheFEIVenueBarnsunderthedirectionoftheStablesManager.InternationalhorsesundertheCEM-waiveraresubjecttoUSDAmonitoring(seeUSDAWEGSOPformonitoringCEM-waiverhorses).
1inside.fei.org/system/files/17.11.17%20Peden%20Bloodstock%20Equestrian%20Freight%20Manual%20WEG%202018%20Tryon%20USA.pdf2https://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/animals/downloads/testing-equidae-during-quarantine.pdfDomesticarrivals
• TherewillbetwoDomesticArrivalZones(DAZ):1&2• DAZ1willbeattheentrytotheFEIVenueCompoundbesideBarn1.• DAZ2willbewithintheFEIVenueCompoundandpositioned
adjacenttoBarns’6and7.ItisnecessarybecauseoftheverylongdistancefromDAZ1tothispartofthevenue,andthedifficultyinsafelywalkinghorsesfromDAZ1toBarns’6&7.
• ThefollowinggroupsofhorsesareclassifiedasdomesticarrivalsforthepurposesofWEG2018:
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o InternationalhorsesthathavepreviouslycompletedPAQatNewYork,MiamiandChicagoandbeenimportedtotheUSA.
o Domestic(USresident)FEIcompetitionhorseso Domestic(USresident)ExhibitionHorsesbeingusedfor
demonstrations,andalsoADAminiatureponies*• Domesticarrivalswillreachthevenuebyprivatetransporter.• Eachtruckwillhaveanarrivalstimeappointment;theschedulefor
domesticarrivalsiscoordinatedbyPedenBloodstockGmbH.• OnarrivalatTIEC,trucksclearsecurityatthevenueentrypointand
thenmaketheirownwaytoDAZ1iftheyare:o DomesticFEICompetitionHorseswhicharetobehousedin
Barns2,3or4.o ExhibitionHorses.
• TrucksproceedtoDAZ2iftheyare:o DomesticFEICompetitionHorseswhicharetobehousedin
Barns6&7.• Marshallingoftrucksandsupervisionofunloadingwillbecarried
outbyamemberoftheWEGStablesManager’steam.• Horseswillbeunloadedbythegroomsthathaveaccompaniedthe
horses;membersoftheWEGStablesManager’steammaybeavailabletoassistwithunloadingifrequestedbutthiswillnormallybetheaccompanyinggrooms’responsibility.
• OncetheDAZarrivalcheckshavebeencompleted,groomswillwalktheirhorseintotheFEIcompoundtotheirallocatedbarnandstalls(FEIcompetitionhorses)ortotheirallocatedstallsinBarn1(Exhibitionhorses).
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-02
Biosecurityprotocolsandguidanceforgrooms,ridersandteamveterinarianswhilehorsesarestabledintheFEIVenueCompound
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistoprovideguidanceforNationalFederationsonthebiosecuritymeasuresthatareinplaceduringthebuild-uptocompetitionincludingwhattoexpectonarrival;duringcompetition;andondeparturefromtheWEG.TheguidanceextendstoallthosefromtheNF’swithresponsibilityforthecareandmanagementofteamhorsesatthevenue,especiallygrooms,ridersandteamveterinarians.
SOP BiosecuritymeasuresinplaceattheTIECvenue
• TheWEGVeterinaryServicesteam,workingwithUSDAandNCDA-CS,theFEIandtheTIECvenuemanagers,hasputinplaceanumberofbiosecuritymeasurestoreducetheriskofdiseaseentrytothevenueandtohelpensurethatallFEICompetitionHorsesstayhealthywhilstatthevenueandareabletoreturnhomehealthy.
• HorsesarrivingfromoutsidetheUSAthathavenotundergonePostArrivalQuarantine(PAQ)attheportofentryintotheUSAwillbereceivedatthevenuebyateamledbyveterinariansfromtheUSDAwhowillsupervisethetransferofhorsesintothePAQstablesandwillsupervisetheircareandhealthmonitoringfor42hoursbeforetransferintothemainvenuestablingattheendofPAQ.TheUSDAhasprimaryresponsibilityforbiosecurityofhorsesinPAQ.
• AllDomesticFEICompetitionhorses,InternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorses,andExhibitionHorseswillreceiveaveterinaryhealthandwelfarecheckonarrivalintheDomesticArrivalsZone(DAZ)beforebeingclearedtomovetotheFEIVenueCompound(FEIVenueBarns)orExhibitionstables.TheWEGVetServicesBiosecurityteamhasprimaryresponsibilityforbiosecurityofhorsesintheDAZ.
• Piroplasmosis-positivehorseswillbestabledinPiroplasmosisBarnsdedicatedforexclusiveuseofPiroplasmosis-positivehorsesandwillbesubjectedtoadditionalsupervisionandcontrolswhilstonthevenue,includingtreatmentwithacaricides,andinspectionforticks.TheseprecautionsaredetailedintheNCDA-CSInfectiousDiseaseManagementandSurveillancePlanandUSDAEquinePiroplasmosisMitigationProtocol.TheUSDA,withtheassistanceofNCDA-CS,has
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primaryresponsibilityforbiosecurityofhorsesinthedesignatedPiroplasmosisbarnsandareas.
• AllhorsesintheFEIVenueCompoundandinExhibitionBarnsoutsidetheFEIVenueCompoundwillberequiredtohavetwicedailyvisualhealthinspectionandtemperaturechecks(rectaltemperature)whichshouldberecordedonthesheetsprovidedtoNF’sbytheWEGVeterinaryServicesManager(VSM).ThesecheckscanbecarriedoutbygroomsorotherNFmembers;NF’sarewelcometoaskforassistancefromWEGVeterinaryServicesmembersiftheywish.TeamVeterinariansareresponsibleformakingsurethetemperaturesarerecordedonthestallrecordingsheetandforsigningtheentryintheFEIVenueCompound.TheExhibitionBarnVeterinariansareresponsibleforthisintheExhibitionBarns(Barn1).
• StewardswillberesponsibleforcollectingthetemperaturerecordingsheetsintheFEIVenueCompoundintheeveningeachdayaftertheeveningtemperatureshavebeenrecorded.StewardswillcheckthattemperatureshavebeenenteredontoeachsheetandwillnotifytheBiosecurityManagerifanyvaluesaremissingorappearincorrect.Stewardswillcapturethedataonthesheetssotheycanbestoredonaspreadsheetatthevetclinic.ThisdutywillbetheresponsibilityoftheExhibitionBarnVeterinariansintheExhibitionBarns.
• Anyhorseswithincreasedrectaltemperaturesoranyothersignsofdisease(including,butnotlimitedto,nasaldischarge,coughing,diarrhoeaorneurologicalsigns/ataxia/incoordination)mustbereportedtoamemberoftheWEGVSMorWEGBiosecuritymanagerimmediately.TheTeamVeterinarianisresponsibleforensuringthatclinicalsignsofdiseasearereportedimmediatelytotheBiosecurityManagerandtheVSM.ThisdutywillbetheresponsibilityoftheExhibitionBarnVeterinariansintheExhibitionBarnsandanyhorseswithclinicalsignsoutsideofthenormalrange,inparticularthoselistedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-13,mustbereportedimmediatelytotheBiosecurityManagerwhowillberesponsibleforliaisingwiththeVSM.
Generalguidancetoallpersonnelworkingwithhorsesinthemainvenuestablingbarnstoreducediseasetransmissionrisk
IntheFEIVenueBarns,andtheExhibitionBarns,allpersonnelshouldusecommonsense,andsimple,biosecurityprecautions.Smallchangesto
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hygienepracticesandhusbandrymakeabigdifferenceandsignificantlyreducediseaserisk.• BoththeFEIVenueBarns,andtheExhibitionBarns,havehand
sanitisersattheentrypointsandhandwashingfacilitieslocatedadjacenttoeachbarn:usethesefrequentlytoreducetheriskofdiseasetransmission
• Ifyourhandsbecomevisiblysoiled,washthemfollowingtheguidanceprovidedinthepostersdisplayedatthehandwashpoints:wethandsandcleanthoroughlyusingthehandsanitiserdispensersprovided
• Ifyourhandsbecomesoiledandyouarenotabletowashyourhandsimmediately,applyhandsanitisertoreducetheriskofcontaminatingthestableareaorcreatinganinfectionrisktootherhorsesbeforeyouwashyourhands
• DonotallowcontactbetweenyourhorsesandhorsesfromotherNF’s:thinkaboutwhereyoutiehorsesupsothatnosetonosecontactisavoided
• AvoidcontactbetweenyourselfandhorsesfromotherNF’s;ifyoudohavecontactwithotherhorseswashyourhands.Ifyourclothingbecomessoiledbyotherhorsesespeciallywithdischarges,urine,faecesorbloodchangeyourclothesbeforehandlingyourownhorse
• Keepyourbootsclean• Donotsharefeedingandwateringequipment• Donotsharetack• Ifyouareconcernedaboutthehealthofyourhorse,orotherhorses
aroundyou,reportthisimmediatelytotheWEGVeterinaryServicesManager(DrAnneBaskettandDrBillHay).
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-03
Biosecuritycontrolpoints,zoningandbiosecurityproceduresatthevenue
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefine:(1)thebiosecuritycontrolpointsacrossthevenue;(2)thedifferentbiosecurityzoneswithinthevenue,includingthezonesforPAQ,domesticcompetitionhorsearrivals,Exhibitionarrivals,andthezonesforPiroplasmosis-positivehorses;(3)thegeneralbiosecurityproceduresthatapplyineachofthesezonesandtocrossreferencethesetotherelevantUSDAandNCDA-CSprotocols.
SOP • Thepurposeofbiosecurityatthe2018WorldEquestrianGamesistoreducetheriskofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseentryintoTIECandifdiseasedoesoccur(eitherintheFEIVenueorinExhibitionBarns),toreducetheriskofdiseasespread.
• ThebiosecuritymeasuresinplacefortheWEGareriskbasedandareproportionatetothediseasedynamicriskassessmentinplacebeforeandduringtheperiodoftheWEGasdeterminedbyUSDA,NCDA-CSandWEGVetServicesteaminconsultationwiththeVSM,andassetoutintheWEG2018BiosecurityRiskRegister.
• Therearethreebiosecurityzones:greenzone(normalbiosecurity),amberzone(higherbiosecurity)andredzone(highestbiosecurity).Entrytothesezoneswillbedesignatedbyagreen,amberorredhorsepictogramplusamultilingualwrittennotice.Entrytotheredzonewillbeadditionallydesignatedbydisinfectantmats,throughwhichallpersonnelmustwalkonentryandexit.
• ThegreenbiosecurityzonewithintheFEIVenueCompoundisthemainstablingarea.HorsesinthisareaareallofdefinedminimumhealthstatusandincludetheHighHealthHighPerformance(HHP)subpopulation.Accesstothisareaiscontrolledviaaccreditationpassesbutthereisnoadditionalrestrictiononpersonnelmovements.Alcoholhandcleansersarepositionedatentrypointsintothegreenzoneandallpersonnelenteringthiszonemustapplyhandcleanser.Allhorsesinthegreenbiosecurityareamusthavetheirrectaltemperaturestakenandrecordedtwicedaily,eitherbyNFpersonnelorWEGVetServicespersonnel.AllNationalFederationsareencouragedtofollowthesimplebiosecurity
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guidancedetailedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-02.TherearenospecialrequirementsforPPEorbootdisinfectionbutallpersonnelareencouragedtowashtheirhandsaftertouchingorworkingwithahorsebeforeattendingtoanyotherhorsesandtoavoidorminimisecontactbetweenthemselvesandotherhorses,aswellastominimisedirectandindirectcontactbetweenhorses.
• GreenbiosecuritymeasuresalsooperatewithintheExhibitionBarn.HorsesinthisareaarealsosubjecttominimumhealthstatusrequirementsandwillbejudgedandmanagedashealthyhorseshavingmettheserequirementsandhavingpassedaveterinaryinspectiononarrivalintheDAZofthesamestandardthatappliestoFEIhorses.AlthoughExhibitionhorsesrepresentapotentialhigherbiosecuritythreatthanFEIhorses,theprecautionstakeninrelationtodefiningtheirminimumhealthandvaccinationstatusreducetheresidualrisktolowanditisacceptabletomanagetheExhibitionBarnareaundergreenbiosecuritymeasures.ThisprovisionwillmakeoperationoftheExhibitionBarnareamorepracticalandachievable.
• Theamberbiosecurityzonesare:(i)thePiroplasmosis-positivestablesandexerciseareas(whichareunderthejurisdictionofUSDA);and(ii)theDomesticArrivalsZone[DAZ](whichisunderthecontroloftheNCDA-CS,FEIDelegateandtheWEGVeterinaryServicesTeam).AccesstotheseareasisrestrictedtoauthorisedpersonnelwhohavebeentrainedinaccordancewithTIEC-WEG-BIO-02andTIEC-WEG-BIO-17(BiosecurityproceduresandCleansingandDisinfection)andTIEC-WEG-BIO-07(procedurefortheveterinaryhealthcheck)andisrestrictedtoUSDA,NCDA-CSandWEGVetServicespersonnel,PedenBloodstockGmbHpersonnelandauthorisedNationalFederationpersonnel.FEIpersonnel(FEIVeterinaryCommissions,FEIStewardsandtheFEIVeterinaryDirector,FEIVeterinaryAdvisorandFEITestingOfficialshaveaccessinordertoensurethatofficialduties,controls,investigationsandtestingtakeplace.FEItreatingvetsmayalsorequireaccess.AccesstotheDAZisrestrictedtoUSDA,NCDA-CSandWEGVetServicesbiosecuritypersonnel,PedenBloodstockpersonnelandauthorisedNationalFederationpersonnelaccompanyingthehorserequiredforunloadingandloadinghorsesandhandlingthemintheveterinary
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inspectionstables(normallyonepersonperhorse).OtherNFpersonnelarenotallowedintheDAZunlessinvitedbytheSecurityTeam.AccesstothePiroplasmosis-positivedesignatedareasisrestrictedtoUSDA,NCDA-CSpersonalandWEGvetservicesbiosecuritypersonnelauthorisedbyUSDAandNCDA-CS-CS.
• Biosecurityproceduresintheamberzonesaredesignedtoreducetheriskofindirectdiseasetransmissionbetweenhorsesviavectorsandfomitesintheamberzone,includingrequirementsforPPE,bootcleaninganddisinfection(PAQandDAZ),andtickcontrolandinspection(Piroplasmosis-positivedesignatedareas).
• IntheDAZ,WEGvetservicesbiosecuritypersonnelmustdressappropriatelyandwearapprovedPPE.ThedresscodeforveterinarypersonnelworkingintheDAZis:
o freshlylaunderedscrubtopwornoveracleanvetservicespoloshirt
o barearmsbelowtheelbowo clean,longkhakipants(shortsarenotpermitted)o disinfectablewaterproofworkboots(thismeansbootsthat
canbeimmersedinwater,canbedisinfectedandcanbescrubbed.Trainingshoesorsimilar,opentoesshoesetcarenotpermitted)
Armsandhandsmustbekeptcleanandalcoholhandcleansermustbeappliedinbetweeneachhorse.Armsandhandsthatbecomevisiblydirtyorgrosslycontaminatedmustbewashedbeforeapplyingalcoholhandcleanser.Thescrubtopmustbereplacedforacleanoneifitbecomesdirtyorcontaminatedwithbodyfluids.Aclean,freshlylaunderedscrubtopmustbeworneachday.Ifamemberofthebiosecurityteamcomesintocontactwithahorsesuspectedofhavinganinfectiousorcontagiousdisease,theymustleavetheDAZoncethatshipmentofhorseshasbeendealtwithandhaveaandcompletechangeofclothes.
• Clinicalexaminationgloveswillnotbewornforroutinehealthchecksbutmustbewornifhandlinganyhorsewherethereissuspicionofdisease,evidenceofclinicalsignsoranelevatedtemperature.
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• HorsesinthePAQwillbesubjectedtohealthsurveillanceasdirectedbytheUSDAteam,includingtwicedailyrectaltemperaturechecks(eachhorsewillreceiveaminimumoffourrectaltemperaturechecksbeforereleasefromPAQ).HorsesinthePiroplasmosis-positivedesignatedareasmusthavetheirrectaltemperaturestakenandrecordedtwicedailyasinallotherbarns,inadditiontotheUSDArequirementsforticksurveillanceandcontrol.
TheredbiosecurityzonesarethePAQarea(whichisunderthejurisdictionoftheUSDA)andthetwosetsofFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallslocatedwithinFEIVenueCompound(locatedadjacenttobarns6and7andadjacenttothecoveredarena).AccesstothePAQareaisrestrictedtoUSDApersonnelorotherpersonnelwhohavebeenauthorizedbyUSDA.AccesstothemainvenueisolationstablesisrestrictedtopersonnelwhohavebeentrainedandwhohavebeenaccreditedascompetentbyNCDA-CSandtheWEGVeterinaryServicesManager.Onlyessentialpersonnelarepermittedtoentertheisolationstables.Allpersonnelmustsigninandoutofthisarea.StrictoperatingprotocolsmustbeadheredtoasspecifiedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-14Stringentbiosecurityprecautionsdesignedtoreducetheriskofdiseasespreadwithinthestablesandreducetheriskofdiseasespreadtooutsideareasoperateintheisolationstables.StringentrequirementsforPPE,bootdisinfectionandhandwashingapplyintheredzone.Allequipmentandutensilsusedinthisareamustbemarkedwithredtapetoavoidaccidentaltransferanduseinotherpartsofthevenue.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-04
HealthrequirementsforInternationalFEICompetitionhorses
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethehealthrequirements,includingrequiredandrecommendedvaccinations,forInternationalFEICompetitionhorsesarrivingatthevenue.
Theprincipleofdesignatingadefinedhealthstatusisthatallhorsesonthevenuemustbeofequivalenthealthstatusinorderto:(i)minimisetheriskofdiseasetransmissionbetweengroupsofhorses;(ii)tomaintainconfidenceininfectioncontrolbyallcompetitors;(iii)andtoensurethatthehealthstatusofinternationalhorsesisnotcompromisedsothattheycanbeissuedwithanexportcertificatebyUSDAforreturntotheircountryoforiginorcountryofnextdestination.
Definition InternationalFEICompetitionhorsesmustmeettheminimumhealthstandardsdefinedbyUDSA,NCDA-CSandtheFEI.Thisincludesacurrent,validhealthcertificate;current,validvaccinationforEquineInfluenza;current,validvaccinationagainstEHV-1;successfulcompletionofPAQ;andnegativetestsonarrivalforEquinePiroplasmosisGlanders,DourineandEIA(furtherdetailsaboutimporttestingprotocolscanbefoundintheUSDAEquineImporttestingProtocol)1.
1https://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/animals/downloads/testing-equidae-during-quarantine.pdf
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-05
HealthrequirementsforDomesticFEICompetitionHorses
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethehealthrequirements,includingrequiredandrecommendedvaccinations,forDomesticFEICompetitionHorsesarrivingatthevenue.
Theprincipleofdesignatingadefinedhealthstatusisthatallhorsesonthevenuemustbeofequivalenthealthstatusinorderto:(i)minimisetheriskofdiseasetransmissionbetweengroupsofhorses;(ii)tomaintainconfidenceininfectioncontrolbyallcompetitors;(iii)toensurethatthehealthstatusofinternationalhorsesisnotcompromisedsothattheycanbeissuedwithanexportcertificatebyUSDAforreturntotheircountryoforiginorcountryofnextdestination;and(iv)toprotectthehealthstatusofthedomestichorsepopulation.
Definition DomesticFEICompetitionHorsesmustmeettheminimumhealthstandardsdefinedbyUDSA,NCDA-CSandtheFEI.Thisincludesacurrent,validhealthcertificatemeetingNCDA-CSrequirements;current,validvaccinationforEquineInfluenza;current,validvaccinationagainstEHV-1;successfulcompletionofDAZ;negativeserologytestsforPiroplasmosiscarriedoutwithin30-90daysandEIAcarriedoutwithin12monthsofarrivalatthevenue.
WEG2018BiosecurityandWelfare
Updated: 30/08/2018 FINAL 18
TIEC-WEG-BIO-06
HealthrequirementsforExhibitionHorses
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethehealthrequirements,includingrequiredandrecommendedvaccinations,forExhibitionhorses,whichinclude:demonstrationhorses,exhibitionhorses,pony-rideanimals,andADAminiaturehorsespresentatTIECduringtheWEG.
TheexpectationisthatExhibitionhorsesmustmeetthesamehealthstandardsastheFEICompetitionhorses.TheprincipleofdesignatingadefinedhealthstatusisthatallhorsesatTIECmustbeofequivalenthealthstatusinorderto:(i)minimisetheriskofdiseasetransmissionbetweengroupsofhorses;(ii)tomaintainconfidenceininfectioncontrolbyallcompetitors;(iii)andtoensurethatthehealthstatusofinternationalhorsesisnotcompromisedsothattheycanbeissuedwithanexportcertificatebyUSDAforreturntotheircountryoforiginorcountryofnextdestination.
Definition
ExhibitionhorsesarrivingatthevenuefordemonstrationsduringtheWEGpresentapotentialdiseaserisktoFEICompetitionhorseswithintheFEIVenueCompound.ThisriskmaybemitigatedtoanacceptablelevelbyrequiringthesehorsestobeofequivalenthealthstatusasFEICompetitionhorses.ExhibitionHorsesmustmeettheminimumhealthstandardsdefinedbyUDSA,NCDA-CSandtheFEI.ExhibitionHorsesmust:1. Beidentifiedbyamicro-chip.2. Haveacurrent,validhealthcertificatemeetingNCDA-CSrequirements,
andissuedwithin30daysoftheirarrivalatthevenue,eveniftheyarenormallyresidentinNC.
3. HaveanegativeserologytestforPiroplasmosiscarriedoutwithin30-90daysandEIAcarriedoutwithin12monthsofarrivalatthevenue.
4. ProvideanFEIPassportorRecognitionCardorUSEFPassport,ORtheymusthaveanequivalentdocumentthatiscertifiedbyanUSDAaccreditedveterinarianand:
a. Formallyidentifiesthemb. Declarestheirownershipc. Declarestheirresidentlocation.d. Listspriorvaccination
5. IftheydonothaveanFEIPassportorRecognitionCardorUSEFPassporttheymustprovideanownerattestationthat:
a. ListspriorInfectiousdiseasetesting
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b. ListsHorseShowsorEventsattendedinthepast60daysc. Listsanyanti-dopingorcontrolledmedicationtesting.
6. HaveevidenceofvaccinationagainstEquineInfluenzaandEHV-1equivalenttothatrequiredofFEICompetitionHorses.
7. AderogationhasbeenissuedforthesehorseswhichmeansthatDourineandGlanderstestsarenotrequired.
ManagementofExhibitionBarnsandmonitoringofExhibitionHorseHealth
1. ExhibitionHorseswillundergoanarrivalinspectionattheDAZequivalenttothatwhichDomesticFEICompetitionHorsesaresubjectedto.TheintakeandinspectionofExhibitionHorseswilltakeplaceatadifferenttimeeachday(later,andwithpre-scheduledarrivalsslotsexpectedtobebetween1pmand4pm)thanthatofDomesticFEICompetitionHorses.
2. AllExhibitionHorseswillbestabledintheExhibitionBarn,whichisoutsidetheFEIVenueCompound.ExhibitionHorseswillnotentertheFEIVenueCompound,includinganycompetitionareasinsidethatcompound,atanytimeduringtheWEGoratanytimethatFEICompetitionHorsesarepresentattheTIECvenue.
3. AseparatestaffofveterinarianswillstafftheExhibitionBarns,andperformthearrivalinspectionsofallExhibitionHorses.TheseveterinarianswillonlyhavecredentialsfortheExhibitionBarns,andwillnotentertheFEICompound,orhaveanycontactwithanyFEICompetitionHorses.
4. TheExhibitionBarnveterinarianswillmeetwithandreporttotheBiosecurityManagereverydayforthedurationoftimethatExhibitionHorsesarepresentatTIEC.
5. DifferentpersonnelwillcarefortheFEIVenueBarnsandtheExhibitionBarns.Nopersonnelwillmovebetweenthesebarnswithoutshoweringandachangeofclothes,andabsolutelynoequipmentwillbesharedbetweenthetwofacilities.
6. Exhibitionhorsesarerequiredtohavetwicedailyvisualinspection,monitoringandrecordingofrectaltemperatureswhiletheyareresidentintheExhibitionBarns.Thisdatamustbepostedonthestabledooratalltimes.Anyhorseswithpyrexiaand/orclinicalsignsofdiseasemustbereportedtotheWEGBiosecurityManagerimmediatelybytheExhibitionBarnveterinarians.TheBiosecurityManagerisresponsibleforsubsequentliaisonwiththeVSM.
WEG2018BiosecurityandWelfare
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-07
VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionandbiosecurityproceduresfordomesticarrivalsattheDAZ,includingcoordinationwithsecurityscreeningandFEIinspections
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistosetouttheproceduresfortheveterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectiononarrivalforDomesticFEIHorsesandExhibitionHorsesthatwillbecarriedoutbytheWEGVeterinaryServicesteam,andbytheExhibitionBarnVeterinarians,respectively.ThisSOPalsosetsouthowtheinspectionsbytheFEIdelegatesarecoordinatedwiththearrivalsinspection.
OrganisationandlayoutoftheDAZ
DAZ1islocatedattheEastendofBarn1(adjacenttoBarn2).TheDAZconsistsofthreerowsofsevenstalls:anoutsiderow(Stalls92-98)andtwoinsiderowsinthesameaisle(Stalls78-84,85-91).Thetwoinsiderowswillbeusedforreceivingdomesticarrivalhorsesandconductingtheveterinaryhealthcheck.EachofthetworowswillbeoperatedbyadedicatedWEGBiosecurityTeamandbothteamswilloperateunderthesupervisionoftheWEGVetServicesBiosecurityManager.Thetwoaisleswillruninparallelwithalternatingshipmentsofhorsesbeingdirectedintoalternateaisles.Theoutsiderowwillbeusedasaholdingareaforanyshipmentsofhorsesthathaveaproblemidentifiedduringthearrivalsprocedure.Thisincludesvaccinationirregularitiesandhealthconcerns.
TwoadditionalaislesinBarn1willbeallocatedasholdingspaceforshipmentsofhorsesrequiringaholdformorethan2-3hpendinginvestigationanddiagnostictestingifthereisaconcernaboutthehealthstatusofoneormorehorsesonthetransporter.
DAZ2willbesituatedadjacenttoBarns6&7.
Alldomesticarrivalstruckswillhaveclearedsecurityscreeningatthevenueentrypointandsotherearenosecurityproceduresthatneedtobecoordinatedwith,ormeshedinto,theDAZveterinaryhealthinspection.TheonlysimultaneousactivitythatwillbeoccurringalongsidetheDAZvethealthinspectionistheunloadingofequipmentfromthetruckthatwillbecarriedintotheFEIcompound(FEIcompetitionhorses)ortheExhibitionstallsinBarn1.
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MarshallingtruckmovementsandoverseeingoftheunloadingofhorseswillbecarriedoutbyamemberoftheWEGStableManager’steam.Thegroomsaccompanyingeachshipmentofhorseswillberesponsibleforunloading.
TheFEIinspectionwilloccuratthesametimeasthevethealthcheckintheDAZandwillbecoordinatedwiththeactivitiesoftheteamofWEGveterinarianscarryingoutthevethealthchecksondomesticarrivalseachday.
AppointmentsforDAZarrivalareissuedinadvanceandonlyonreceiptofacopyofthevaccinepagesofthepassport,EHVvaccinerecord,andtheirtestresultsthathavebeenemailedtotheadminteamatTIEC(sothereisacopyheldatthevenue)andthenforwardedtoNCDA-CSwithdetailsofthearrivalsappointment.ScansofthesedocumentsmustbesenttoNCDA-CSnolaterthan7daysbeforearrivalatthevenue.NCDA-CSwillcheckthatthevaccinationscheduleandthattestresultsarecorrect.
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DAZarrivalstimeline
Generalrequirements
• AlldomestichorseswillreceiveaveterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectiononarrivalatTIECintheDAZlocatedinBarn1
• Thepurposeofthisinspectionistoidentifyhorseswithinjuriesorwelfareproblemsandtoreducetheriskofadmittinghorseswithinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseintothemainvenuestabling
• InternationalFEICompetitionHorsearrivalswillbemoveddirectlytothevenuePAQonarrival,whichiswhereallhealthandwelfarecheckswilltakeplaceunderthejurisdictionoftheUSDAteambeforebeingallowedentryintothemainvenuestabling
• DomesticFEICompetitionHorses,InternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorses,andExhibitionHorseswill
Copiesofvalidhealthcertificate,EIVvaccinationrecord(frompassport),EHV-1/-4vaccinationrecordandtestresultsforEIAandPiroplasmosissenttoNCDA-CS-CSforcheckingnolaterthanoneweekbeforearrival
Ifhealthcertificate,allvaccinesandtestresultsareOK,anappointmentisissuedforanarrivaltimeattheDAZ
OnthescheduleddayandtimetruckarrivesatTIECTruckclearssecuritycheckatthevenueentrance
MarshallingoftruckmovementsoverseenbymemberofStableManager'steam
HorsesunloadedbyaccompanyinggroomsandtakenintoDAZexaminationstalls
GroomsholdhorsesforIDcheckandveterinaryhealthcheck.FEIinspectionwilloccuratthesametime.
Ifallhorsesareclinicallynormal,theyarereleasedfromDAZandgroomswalkhorsesintoallocatedstallsinthemainvenuestabling(FEIhorses)or
intoallocatedstallsinBarn1(Exhibitionhorses)
Ifaproblemisdetectedatthevethealthcheck,thewholegroupisheldpendingfurtherassessment
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bereceivedbytheWEGVeterinaryServicesteam,orExhibitionBarnveterinariansforExhibitionHorses,intheDomesticArrivalsZone(DAZ)
• TheveterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionattheDAZisakeypre-emptivemeasureinbiosecurityriskmanagementandmitigationwhichsignificantlyreducestheriskofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasesenteringthemainvenueandreducestheimpactofanydiseasesontheWEGbecauseitallowsdiversionofaffectedhorsesawayfromtheFEIVenueCompoundandExhibitionBarnstoisolationstablesoranisolationfacilitysuchasTryonEquineHospital(TEH)
• Thedecision-makingtreefortheveterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionattheDAZissummarizedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-08
• AlimitednumberofInternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorsesareexpectedtoarrivedirectlyfromMiamiasUSdomesticshavingclearedPAQinMiami.ThesehorsesarelikelytobehousedinBarns6or7,sotheywillbeunloadedinDAZ2.TheC&DforthesetruckswillbeconductedatthefacilityatPAQ.
SOPfortheveterinaryhealthandwelfareinspection
• OnarrivalattheDAZ,butbeforeunloadingintotheDAZstablesforveterinaryinspectionandhealthscreening,allhorseswillbevisuallyinspectedforsignsofinjuryordiseaseonthetransporterbyamemberoftheWEGVetServicesteam.
• TheDAZcontainstwoseparaterowsofstallsthatwillbeusedforveterinaryinspection(Stalls78-84,85-91);consignmentsofhorseswillbehandledasanentireepidemiologicalgroupandeachrowofstallswillbeusedforalternateconsignmentstomaintainepidemiologicalseparationandallowC&Dofonerow(thiswillbetriggeredifahorsewithsuspicionofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseisdetected)beforeentryofthenextconsignment.Operatingtwoaislesinparallelwillalsoreducethelikelihoodofback-upoftrucksandhorsesawaitinginspection.Eachaislewillbecleanedbetweenepidemiologicalgroups,althoughdisinfectionisnotnecessaryifallhorsesinthepreviousgroupwereclinicallynormalandpassedtheveterinaryhealthinspection.
• Thepurposeoftheinitialinspectionistodecidewhichcategorytheconsignmentofhorsesfitsinto:
o Noinjuredhorsesonboard;allhorsesappearclinicallynormalo Injuredhorsesonboard;otherhorsesappearclinicallynormal
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o Horsesonboardwithclinicalsignsofdisease
1.Noinjuredhorsesonboard;allhorsesappearclinicallynormal• Iftherearenoinjuredhorsesonboardandallhorsesappearclinically
normalduringtheinitialinspection,horseswillbeunloadedbytheaccompanyinggroomsintotheDAZstablesunderthesupervisionofamemberoftheStablesManager’steam.
• Groomsshouldthenremainintheveterinaryinspectionareawiththeirhorsepassportsuntiltheveterinaryinspectioniscomplete.
• FEIdelegatewillcarryouttheFEIinspectionatthesametime,theWEGBiosecurityteammayalsocheckthehorse’smicrochipnumberagainstitspassporttoconfirmitsidentity.
• Groomswillbeaskedtoholdtheirhorsesfortheinspectionandprovideanyinformationneededabouttheirhorsestoallowtheinspectiontobecompleted.
• Oncethehealthcheckiscomplete,theWEGBiosecurityteammakesanentryontheArrivalsHealthCertificatetoconfirmthatthehorsehasbeencheckedandtorecorditsrectaltemperature.
• IfallhorsesonthetransporterareclinicallynormalattheveterinaryhealthinspectiontheywillbeallowedtomovetothemainvenuestablesunderthesupervisionoftheStablesManager.
• Ifanyhorsesonthetransporterarefoundtobepyrexic(³101.5°F/38.6°C)ordisplayotherclinicalsignsofdisease,theentireepidemiologicalgroupwillbetemporarilyheldintheDAZveterinaryinspectionareaandacaseconferenceheldledbytheWEGVSM,andincludingUSDA,NCDA-CS,FEIdelegate,andNFrepresentative.
• Oncethehealthcheckiscompleted,thepassport,accompanyinghealthcertificateandtestresults,andacompletedDAZVetHealthCheckformwillbeputinaziplockfolder,retainedbytheWEGBiosecurityteamandtransferredtotheFEIdelegate.
2.Injuredhorsesonboard;otherhorsesappearclinicallynormal• Ifthereareinjuredhorsesonboardthetransporterwillbeheldatthe
DAZstableswheretheinjuredhorsescanbeunloadedforveterinarytreatment.Theuninjuredhorsesinthetransportercanthenreceivetheirveterinaryhealthcheckasabove.Theinjuredhorsemaybejudgedtobeabletoenterthevenuestablesofveterinaryclinicafterhealthscreening,oritmayrequiretransporttoTEH.Acaseconference
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(WEGVSM,andincludingUSDA,NCDA-CS,FEIdelegate,andNFrepresentative)shouldbecalledbeforemakingadecisiontomoveaninjuredhorseoffthevenue.
3.Horsesonboardwithclinicalsignsofdisease• Ifanyclinicalsignsofdiseasearedetectedduringtheinitialvisual
inspection,thetransporterwillbeheldintheDAZandhorseswillnotbeunloaded.AcaseconferencewillbeheldwhichwillbeledbytheWEGVeterinaryServicesmanager.ThecaseconferencewillbeledbytheWEGVSMandparticipantswillincludeUSDA,NCDA-CS,FEIdelegate,andNFrepresentative(usuallytheteamvet).
• GiventhatallhorseswillhavebeenhealthyatthetimeofembarkationitisunlikelythathorsesarrivingattheDAZwillhaveclinicalsignssuggestiveofaspecificdisease;initialpresentingclinicalsignsatthisstagearelikelytobenon-specificandinitialdecisionmakingwillthereforebeonasyndromicbasis.
• Thepurposeofthecaseconferenceistodeterminewhetheraninfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseislikelytobepresent;whichtypeofsyndromeispresented;andwhetherthediseaseislikelytobecontainableatthevenueusingtheadditionalholdingstallsinBarn1,theisolationstallsdedicatedforDAZuse,orwhetherthediseaseislikelytobenon-containableandshouldbedivertedtoisolationataremoteisolationfacility(TEH,UGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospital).SeeTIEC-WEG-BIO-11foralistof‘containable’and‘non-containable’diseasesandsyndromes.Normallythewholeepidemiologygroupwillbeheldandmanagedasasinglegroup.However,dependingonthediseasesuspected(e.g.colitisorpleuropneumonia),andtheoutcomeofthecaseconference,anindividualaffectedhorsecouldbedivertedtoTEHandtherestoftheshipmenteitherheldorallowedtoprogressthroughtheDAZ.
• Thefinaldecision,providingthereisnotasuspicionofafederalorstate-regulateddisease(seeabove),lieswiththeWEGVetServicesteamleaderasdoestheresponsibilityforsubsequentactions.
• IfanyhorseattheDAZissuspectedtohaveacontainableinfectiousorcontagiousdisease(see(TIEC-WEG-BIO-11),theindexcaseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwillbemovedtotheBarn1holdingstallsforfurtherclinicalexamination,monitoringandtesting.Ifacontainableinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseisconfirmed,ortheclinicalpictureis
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highlysuggestive,theindexcaseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwilleitherbemovedtothededicatedDAZisolationstallsorcouldpossiblybeshippedtoaremoteisolationfacilityatTEH,UGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospitalforfurtherclinicalexamination,monitoringandtesting,dependingontheoutcomeofthecaseconference.TheWEGVSMisresponsibleforcommunicatingwithstaffattheremotecenterbeforehorsesareshipped.
• Ifanyhorseissuspectedtohaveanon-containableinfectiousorcontagiousdisease,itandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwillnotbeheldatthevenueandwillbeshippedtoaremoteisolationfacilityatTEH,UGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospitalforfurtherclinicalexamination,monitoringandtesting,dependingontheoutcomeofthecaseconferenceandthedecisionoftheUSDAorNCDA-CSteamleader.TheUSDAorNCDA-CSteamleaderisresponsibleforcommunicatingwithstaffattheremoteisolationfacilitytoensurethefacilityisreadytoreceivetheentireepidemiologicalgroupbeforethetransporter(s)leavetheDAZ.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-08
VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectiondecisionmakingtreeattheDomesticArrivalsZone(DAZ)
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethedecision-makingtreeforallhorsesarrivingatthevenueandbeingcheckedattheDAZbytheWEGVetServicesteam.ThisincludesDomesticFEICompetitionHorses,InternationalMiami-ArrivalFEICompetitionPiroplasmosis-positiveHorses,andExhibitionHorses.
SOP Thedecision-makingtreeaimstoprovideclarityabouttheflowofhorsesthroughtheDAZveterinaryinspectionareaandthedecisionsthatshouldbemadeateachstepoftheflow.Itdefineswhothedecisionmakersareateachstepoftheprocessandwherehorsesshouldbeheldormovedto.Anunderpinningprincipleisthatallhorsesinashipmentconstituteanepidemiologicalgroupandforthepurposesofarrivalshealthchecksmustbemanagedasasinglegroup.Theonlysituationinwhichanindividualhorsewillberemovedfromthegroupisifitisinjuredbutotherwisehealthy,orifthewelfareofthehorsewouldbeseverelycompromised(asdeterminedbytheWEGVSM)ifitremainedintheareainwhichthegroupisbeingheld.Specialarrangementswouldneedtobemade(followingacaseconference)beforeremovingthehorsefromthegroup.ThiscouldincludetransportingthehorsedirectlytoTEHoranalternativefacility.
Theflowchartonthenextpagesetsoutthedecision-makingtreeforarrivalsattheDAZandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwiththeotherbiosecuritySOPsinthisdocument.
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DecisionmakingtreeforallhorsesarrivingattheDAZ*
*NotethatthisflowchartappliestobothFEICompetitionhorsesandExhibitionhorsesarrivingattheDAZ.Theonlydifferenceliesinreportinglines:forExhibitionhorsestheExhibitionBarnveterinariansareresponsibleforthearrivalshealthchecksandanyhorseswithpyrexiaorotherclinicalsignsmustbereportedtotheBiosecurityManager,whoisresponsibleforsubsequentliaisonwiththeVSM.
VisualinspectionattheDAZbeforeunloadinganyhorsesfromthetransporter
byWEGVetServicespersonnel
Normalhorsesonvisualinspection?
YESUnloadintoDAZinspectionstallsareaasdirectedby
biosecurityinspectionteamleaderandconduct
veterinaryhealthcheck
Normalhorseonclinicalexamination?
YESAdmittomainvenue
stables
NOHoldcaseconferenceledby
WEGVetServicesManager.Holdallhorsesinvetinspectionarea.Workcontinuesinalternatevetinspectionstableareapendingdecisionfromcaseconference.
Containabledisease
MoveindexcaseandepidemiologicalgrouptoBarn1holdingstalls.Holdallhorsesuntil
investigationscompleteandWEGVetservices
Manageriscontentwiththeplan.NotifyFEIdelegate;alsonotifyUSDA/NCDA-CSif
appropriate
Non-containablediseaseHoldindexcaseandepidemiologicalgroupatDAZ
pendingdecisionfromcaseconference,andpossiblymovetoremoteisolationfacility,providedUSDAandNCDA-CS-CSteamleadersarecontent.NotifyFEI
delegate.
ContainablediseaseMoveindexcaseandepidemiologicalgroupto
Barn1holdingstalls.HoldallhorsesuntilinvestigationscompleteandWEGVetservicesManageriscontentwiththeplan.NotifyFEI
delegate;alsonotifyUSDA/NCDA-CSifappropriate.
In-contactsand/orindexcasemightbemovedtovenuemainstablesfollowingacaseconferenceledbyWEGVSMonceinvestigationiscompletesubjecttodiagnosis,FEIregulationsandbiosecurity considerationsandfinaldecisionby WEGVetServicesManager.NotifyNCDA-CS-CSteamleadandFEIdelegate.
NODonotunloadthehorseoranyothersfromthe
transporter.HoldcaseconferenceledbyWEGVetServicesManager.UnloadatDAZholdingstallsinBarn1ifexaminationrequiredfordecisionmakingledbyWEGVetServicesManager.NotifyFEIdelegate;alsonotify
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-09
VeterinaryhealthandwelfareinspectionandbiosecurityproceduresforhorsesintheFEIVenueBarnsandExhibitionBarns
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethedecision-makingtreeforallhorsesafterarrivalatthevenueandhavingbeenadmittedtothemainvenuestabling.ThisprotocolincludesallstablingwithintheFEIVenueCompoundandalsotheExhibitionBarns.ItdoesnotincludethePAQbarnsorthePiroplasmosisBarnsbecausethesearecontrolledbytheUSDAwithsupportofNCDA-CS.ItalsodoesnotincludetheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsatthevenuebecausethesearecontrolledbyaseparatebiosecuritySOPTIEC-WEG-BIO-13.
SOP AllhorsesintheFEIVenueBarns,PiroplasmosisBarnsandExhibitionBarnsmustreceiveatwicedailyvisualinspectionandhavetheirrectaltemperaturesmeasuredandrecorded.IntheFEIcompoundbarnsthisistheresponsibilityoftheWEGVetServicesTeambutcanbedelegatedtoNFpersonnel.IntheExhibitionBarnsthisistheresponsibilityoftheExhibitionBarnVeterinarians.AnyhorsethatdevelopspyrexiaorclinicalsignsofdiseaseintheFEIVenueBarnsorPiroplasmosisBarnsmustbereportedtotheWEGServicesManagerimmediately.AnyhorsethatdevelopspyrexiaorclinicalsignsofdiseaseintheExhibitionBarnsmustbereportedtotheBiosecurityManagerimmediatelywhoisresponsibleforsubsequentliaisonwiththeVSM.
Theflowchartonthenextpagesetsoutthedecision-makingtreeforhorsesdevelopingsignsofdiseaseandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwiththeotherbiosecuritySOPsinthisdocument.Horsesdevelopingclinicalsignsofdiseasepresentanimmediatecommandandcontrolchallenge.DecisionmakingiscomplicatedbecausemultipleotherstakeholdersincludingNFveterinariansandotherNFpersonnel,aswilltreatingvets,arelikelytobeinvolved.EmotionscanrunhighwhenthereissuspicionofdiseaseandtheBiosecurityManagerneedstotakeacentralroletoallowtheWEGVSMtoremainindependentoftheinitialinvestigationandinformationgathering.Aparticularbiosecuritychallengeisthattheshipmentepidemiologicalgroupswillhavebeenreassertedinthemainvenuestablingareas,makingestablishmentofriskgroupsdifficult.Affectedhorseswillhavenewsetsofdirectandindirectcontactshavingbeenmovedtothemainvenuestabling.Inmostcasesthediseasestatusandcontagionriskoftheaffectedhorse
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willnotbecertainandsothehorsewillbeheldinitsstableuntilacaseconferencehasbeenheldandmoreinformationhasbeengathered.
Someclinicalpresentationswillinitiateimmediateremovaltotheisolationstables.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto:
1. Diarrhoeawithpyrexiaorleucopaenia2. Pyrexiawithleucopaenia3. Diarrhoeaofmorethan24hduration4. Suddenonsetataxiaorneurosignswithorwithoutpyrexia5. Clinicalsignssuggestiveofcontagiousrespiratorydisease
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-10
Decisionmakingtreeforallhorsesinthemainvenuestabling,excludingPAQandisolationareas
Visualinspectionandtwicedailymeasurementandrecordingofrectal
temperatures
Normalhorse?
YESNoactionneeded
Diagnosis,orrisk,ofcontagiousorinfectiousdiseaseuncertain
Holdhorseinitsstableandsetupbarrierprecautions.Conducttestingand/ormonitoruntil
diagnosisorriskisestablished.HoldcaseconferenceledbyWEGVSMtodecideappropriatecourseofactionforcaseandin-contacts.NotifyFEI
delegateandNCDA-CS-CSlead.
Non-containablediseaseNotifyUSDAandNCDA-CS-CSdesignatedcontactandFEIDelegate.HoldcaseconferenceledbyUSDAandNCDA-CS-CSteamleaders.Holdindexcaseandepidemiologicalgrouppendingdecisionandpossiblymovetoremoteisolationfacility.
Diagnosisofcontagiousorinfectiousdiseaseconfident
Moveaffectedhorse(s)toisolationarea.HoldcaseconferenceledbyWEGVSM,includingdecisionmakingforin-contactsandrestoftheepidemiologicalgroup.NotifyUSDA,
NCDA-CS-CSleadandFEIdelegate.
Incontactsand/orindexcasemightbemovedtovenuemainstables(shouldthissayisolationstables?Justcurioussincethesehorsesarealreadyinmainstables)followingcaseconferenceonceinvestigationscompletesubjecttodiagnosis,FEIregulationsandbiosecurity considerationsandfinaldecisionby WEGVetServicesManager.NotifyNCDA-CS-CSteam
NOReportimmediatelytoVetServicesManager.Clinical
examinationbyWEGVetServicesteam.HoldcaseconferenceledbyWEGVetServicesManager.NotifyNCDA-CS-CSlead
andFEIdelegate.
ContainablediseaseMoveindexcasetoisolationarea.HoldcaseconferenceledbyWEGVSM,monitorin-contactsandrestofepidemiological
group.Possiblychangedesignationofbarnholdingin-contactsandrestofepidemiologicalgroup,ormovetheseanimals.Notify
NCDA-CS-CSleadandFEIdelegate.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-11
Suspicionofdisease;pre-emptivemeasures;andcategoriesof‘containable’and‘non-containable’diseases
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPisto(i)definetheclinicalsignsandothertriggersthatshouldraisethesuspicionofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseand(ii)todefinethecategoriesof‘containable’and‘non-containable’disease.ItislikelythatthefirstclinicalsigndetectedforalldiseasesintheRiskRegisterwillbepyrexiaandsoitwillnotbeinitiallyclearwhatspecificdiseaseispresented.Monitoring(time)andfurtherinformation(diagnostictests)arelikelytobeneededtoestablishthelikelydiagnosis,contagionriskandhenceappropriatecontainmentmeasures.Containmentmeasureswillincludealloptionsfrombarriercontainmentinthehorse’sstablewithnoothercontrolmeasuresputinplace;throughbarriercontainmentfortheaffectedhorseanditsin-contacts;removaloftheindividualaffectedhorsetoisolation;removaloftheaffectedhorseanditsin-contactstoisolation;removaloftheaffectedhorse(andpossiblyitsin-contacts)fromthevenue;shutdownofpartofthevenueshutdownofallofthevenue.Effectivecommunicationregardingthelevelofinterventionandcontrolrequiredisessential,irrespectiveofthescaleofthecontrolmeasuresapplied,andisakeyrolefortheBiosecurityManagerworkingcloselywiththeWEGVSM.
SuspicionofdiseaseattheDAZorthemainvenue,andsubsequentactionstaken,shouldberiskbasedandproportionatetakingintoaccountthefollowinginformation:
• Thelocal,nationalandinternationalequinediseasesituation,includingreportsandriskassessmentsgeneratedbyUSDAandNCDA-CS
• ThediseasesituationandlocalconditionsatthepointofembarkationofhorsesfortheirjourneytoTIECtogetherwithinformationfromtheequinelogisticsteam(PedenBloodstockGmbH)ontheindividualteamsandtheirhorses
• ThehorsehealthandjourneyinformationprovidedbyteamsonarrivalattheDAZ
BiosecurityandothermeasurestakeninresponsetoanyhorseswithclinicalsignsdetectedattheDAZorthemainvenuemustbeproportionateanddeterminedbytheoverallriskassessmentfor
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thehorseorgroupasdescribedabove.Importantly,theymustbejustifiable,wellcommunicatedandmustreduceriskofonwardstransmission.
Pre-emptivemeasures
Theriskofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseoccurringinanyofthecompetitionhorsesismitigatedbythefollowingpre-emptivemeasures:
• Internationalandcountry-leveldiseasesurveillancebyUSDAandNCDA-CS-CSwillinformthediseaseRiskRegisterupto,andincluding,WEGTime.ThereportingprocessisdynamicsuchthatanychangeindiseasestatuswilltriggeranupdateintheRiskRegisteranddownstreamdifferentialdiagnosisforthediseasesyndromeslistedintheseSOPs.
• ForhorsesenteringPAQ,thepointofembarkationandmovementsbeforeembarkationinformationfromthelogisticsteam(PedenBloodstockGmbH)isimportantintheoverallriskassessment.
• PAQisavital,mandatoryregulatorycontrolforhorsestravellingfrominternationally.HorsesmayundergoPAQattheportofentryoronarrivalatthevenue.
• TheDAZisakeypre-emptivemeasureallowingearlydetectionofinfectiousorcontagiousofdiseaseandexclusionoftheaffectedhorse(s)anditsepidemiologicalgroupfromthemainvenue.
• TheDAZ1holdingstallsinBarn1,theDAZisolationstalls,andtheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationstablesallowisolationofhorseswithsuspectedorconfirmedinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasesjudgedtobecontainableatTIECoutsidetheFEIVenueBarns(andhencesafeguardtheWEG).BecausetheseholdingandisolationareasarelocatedatTIEC,theyallowaffectedhorse(s)tobestabledinthesamegeographicalareaasthecompetitionthusfacilitatingsupervisionbytheNCDA-CS-CSandWEGVetServicesteam,communicationwiththerelevantNationalFederationandpossiblereturntocompetition.
• TransferandisolationofhorsesattheTEHoratUGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospitalallowshorseswithsuspicionorconfirmationofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasejudgedtobe
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non-containableatthevenue,tobemovedtoaremoteisolationfacility.TheintentionofthismeasureistosafeguardtheWEGbyremovinginfectedhorsesfromTIEC,althoughmovementofhorsesinthiscategorycanonlyhappenafterapprovalfromUSDA,NCDA-CSandtheFEIdelegate.
• Inanyoccurrenceofclinicaldiseaseatthevenuetheinternational,nationalandlocaldiseasesituationwillbeusedtoprioritisedifferentialdiagnoseswithregardtodiseasesontheRiskRegister.
Clinicalsignsofdisease:triggersforsuspicion
• AllNF’sareexpectedtohaveembarkedonlyhealthyhorsesandthatnohorseswithclinicalsignsofdiseasewillhavebeenloadedontotransportersforthejourneytoTIEC,whetherforinternationalordomestictravel.
• Domestichorses(outofstateandin-state)musthaveanArrivalsHealthCertificateissuedbyanaccreditedveterinarianwithin30dayscertifyingthatthehorsewasclinicallynormalatthetimeofexamination.ThisformhasasectionfortheDAZBiosecurityTeamtodocument:
o Thatthehorsehashaditsarrivalsveterinaryhealthchecko Itsrectaltemperatureo Whetheritwasclinicallynormalo Whetheranyabnormalclinicalsignsweredetectedand
whatactionhasbeentakenasaresult(thiscouldincludeadecisionthatthesignsarenotsuggestiveofinfectiousorcontagiousdisease,forexamplethatacoughisduetoheaves/equineasthmaorthatskinlesionsarenotringworm)
• Assumingthatonlyhealthyhorseswillhavebeenshipped,andalsogiventhatmostinfectiousandcontagiousdiseasesinitiallypresentwithnon-specificclinicalsigns,itisunlikelythatanyhorsewillhaveclinicalsignscharacteristicforanyofthediseasesontheRiskRegisteronarrivalatthevenue,whetherintoPAQorDAZ.
• Suspicionofaninfectiousorcontagiousdisease,isthereforelikelytobebasedonindividualclinicalsigns(seebelow),ordiseasesyndromessuchasthoselistedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-09.
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• Individualclinicalsignswillactastriggersforsuspicionthataninfectiousorcontagiousdiseasemightbepresentbutarehighlyunlikelytotriggersuspicionofaspecificdiseasebeingpresent:furtherobservation,clinicalexaminationanddiagnostictestingislikelytoberequiredforaspecificdiagnosistobemade.
• AlistofclinicalsignsassociatedwithdiseaseslistedintheRiskRegistercanbefoundinTable11.1below.
• Theinitialdecisionmakingforanyhorsewithsuspicionofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseiswhetherthehorseandtherestofitsepidemiologicalgroupcanbemanagedatthevenue(‘containabledisease’orwhethertheaffectedhorseandtherestofitsepidemiologicalgroupcannotbemanagedatthevenue(‘non-containabledisease’)andmayneedtobeshippedtoaremoteisolationfacility.
Examplesof‘containable’diseases
• Shippingfever• Colitis• Strangles*• ContagiousEquineMetritis(CEM)• EquinePiroplasmosis• Ringworm• Colitis,Salmonellosis,Clostridiosis• Equinecoronavirus• PigeonFever• PotomacFever• Rabies*TheVSMmaydecidetoremovesuspectedorconfirmedstranglescasestoaremoteisolationfacility(THEorGeorgiaVeterinarySchool)ratherthanisolatingatthevenue.
Examplesof‘non-containable’diseases
• Equineinfluenza• Equineherpesvirus• WNV• EEE• EIA• EVA• Glanders• Vesicularstomatitis• Dourine
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Table11.1ClinicalsignsthatmaybeassociatedwithinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaseslistedintheRiskRegister
Clinicalsign
Comment
Pyrexia(definedasrectaltemperature>101.5oF
[38.6oC])
Pyrexiaisanon-specificclinicalsignandislikelytobethefirstwarningofdiseaserisk.ItisanearlyclinicalsigninallendemicandFADdiseasesonthediseaseriskregister
Nasaldischarge Nasaldischargeisanon-specificclinicalsignofrespiratorydisease;itisaclinicalsignofseveralendemicrespiratorydiseasesaswellassomeoftheFADdiseases.Frothynasaldischargeisanuncommonclinicalsign,usuallyassociatedwithpulmonaryoedema;itcanhavecardiacandrespiratorycausesandmaybeassociatedwithFADdisease(e.g.AHS).
Dyspnoeaortachypnoea Dyspnoeaandtachypnoeaarenon-specificclinicalsignsofrespiratorydisease;theyareclinicalsignsassociatedwithseveralendemicrespiratorydiseasesaswellassomeoftheFADdiseases
Cough Coughisacommonandnon-specificsignofrespiratorydisease;itisassociatedwithbothendemicandsomeFADdiseases.Frequentdry,hackingcoughissometimesassociatedwithEIinfection
Diarrhoea(notcolitis) MildtomoderatetransientdiarrhoeaisacommonclinicalsignofendemicdiseaseandmightfeatureincertainFADdiseases;thekeydifferentialdiagnosisiscolitis(profusediarrhoeawithsystemicclinicalsignsincludingfever,depression,colicandleukopaenia)
Lymphnodeabscess Lymphnodeabscesses,especiallyrespiratorytractLN’sarestronglysuggestiveofS.equi(strangles)orvirulentS.zooepidemicus(whichshouldbemanagedasstrangles).
Skinlesions(hairloss,crusting)
Commonclinicalsignsassociatedwithringworm(dermatophytosis)andrainscald(Dermatophilosis);otherskinlesionsespeciallyskinulcerationareuncommonclinicalsignsandshouldraisesuspicionofFAD.
Haemorrhagicdischargesincludinghaemorrhagic
diarrhoea
MayindicateacuteSalmonellaorClostridialcolitis;mayalsobeafeatureofEquineInfectiousAnaemia(thrombocytopaenia)
Profusediarrhoea/colitis UsuallyaccompaniedbysystemicillnessandmaybeassociatedwithSalmonellaorClostridiasp.
Suddenonsetandseveredyspnoeawithfrothy
nasaldischarge
Anon-specificclinicalsignwhichindicatespulmonaryoedemaorotherseverepulmonarydiseasecausingdecreasedventilation;maybeafeatureofAHS
Suddenonsetorsevereataxia
MayindicateEHMorWNVorEEE
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Severedepression Anon-specificclinicalsignwhichmaybeassociatedwithawiderangeofendemicorFADdisease
Oedema Anon-specificclinicalsignwhichmayindicateseveresystemicdisease;mayindicatecertainendemicdiseasesincludingEIVandEHV/EHM;mayindicateFADdiseaseincludingEIA
Petechiation Anon-specificsignofvasculitismaybeafeatureofseveresystemicdiseaseincludingdisseminatedintravascularcoagulation;maybeafeatureofEIA
Suddenonsetormarkedanaemia
Anon-specificclinicalsignwhichmaybelinkedtoavarietyofdiseasesincludingsomeFADdiseaseincludingEIA
Skinulcerationand/orulcerativelymphangitis
MayindicateFADorendemicreportablediseasesincludingDourineandPigeonFever
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-12
CriteriaforholdinghorsesattheDAZforinvestigation,diversionofhorsestoBarn1holdingstallsfromtheDAZ;orforremovalofhorsesfromtheFEICompetitionBarnsstablestotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationstalls
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethecircumstancesthatwouldresultintheholdingofashipmentofhorsesattheDAZforfurtherinvestigation;holdingofhorsesintheDAZholdingstalls;diversionofhorsesfromtheDAZtoaremoteisolationfacilityatTEHorUGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospital.
Atthetimeofinitialsuspicionofdisease,horsesarehighlyunlikelytopresentwithclinicalsignssuggestiveofparticulardiseasesbecausetheywillbedetectedearlyinthecourseofdisease.ThisSOPthereforeusessyndromicdescriptorsastriggersforactionratherthanspecificdiseasediagnosisbecausetherewillrarelybeaspecificdiagnosiswheninitialdecisionmakingoccurs.Anyhorsewithclinicalsignsthatmightindicateinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasethatisconsidered‘containable’(seebelow)istheresponsibilityoftheWEGVetServicesbiosecurityteamworkingundertheWEGVSM.TheWEGVetServicesbiosecurityteamaretheprimarydecisionmakersandwillkeepstakeholdersinformed,includingtheteamveterinarian.Anyhorsewithclinicalsignsthatmightindicateinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasethatisconsidered‘non-containable’istheresponsibilityoftheUSDAandNCDA-CS,workingwiththeWEGVSM.
SOP ThesyndromesthatarelikelytobeencounteredintheDAZormainvenuestablingare:
• Pyrexiawithnootherclinicalsigns2• Pyrexiawithrespiratorysigns1• Pyrexiawithdiarrhoea1• Diarrhoeawithoutpyrexia2• Ataxiawithpyrexia1• Ataxiawithoutpyrexia• Otherneurologicalclinicalsignswithorwithoutpyrexia:
abnormalmentation,depressionormuscletremors
WhereanyofthesesyndromesaredetectedattheDAZ,theaffectedhorseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwillbeheldattheDAZholdingstablesformonitoringanddiagnostictesting.Apositive
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diagnostictestforrespiratory,nervoussystemorentericpathogenswilltriggeracaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSMtodeterminewhattodowiththeindexcaseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroup.
Whereanyofthesesyndromesmarkedwithsuperscript1aredetectedintheFEICompetitionBarnsstablingbarns,theindexcasewillbeimmediatelymovedtotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolation(pyrexiawithrespiratorysigns,pyrexiawithdiarrhoea,ataxiawithpyrexia).AfulllistofsyndromesrequiringimmediatediversiontotheisolationstallsiscontainedinTIEC-WEG-BIO-13.
Theindexcasewillbemovedtothevenueisolationstallsafter24hforsyndromesmarkedwithsuperscript2inthelistabove(pyrexiawithnootherclinicalsigns,diarrhoeawithoutpyrexia).
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-13
ActionstobetakenwhenkeydiseasesyndromesaredetectedintheDAZ,intheFEIVenueBarns,orExhibitionBarns:actionsforindexcases,actionsforin-contactsanddiagnostictestrequirements.
Purpose Thetablesbelowprovideguidanceontheactionsthatshouldbetakenwiththeindexandin-contactsforhorsespresentingwiththesekeysyndromesattheDAZorinthemainvenuestables.Thefollowingsyndromesaredescribed:
1. PyrexiawithnootherclinicalsignsattheDAZ2. Pyrexiawithnootherclinicalsignsinthemainvenuestabling3. PyrexiawithrespiratorysignsattheDAZ4. Pyrexiawithrespiratorysignsinthemainvenuestabling5. Pyrexiawithdiarrhoea6. Diarrhoeawithoutpyrexia7. Ataxiawithpyrexia,andotherneurologicalsyndromeswithpyrexia8. Ataxiawithoutpyrexia,andotherneurologicalsyndromeswithout
pyrexiaPyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)withnootherclinicalsignsattheDAZ
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• HoldhorseinDAZholdingstablesinBarn1
• Increasedmonitoring–taketemperaturehourly(andrecordit)andcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• Iftemperaturefallstobelowthreshold(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)within3hours,theaffectedhorseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupcanenterthemainvenuestabling
• Iftemperatureremains≥101.5°F/38.6°Cafter3hours,callacaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSMtodecidewhethertoholdtheentireshipmentintheholdingareaofBarn1,ortodiverttheentireshipmenttoaremote
• Wholein-contactgroup(trailerload)arekepttogether,andreleasedtogether,pendingoutcomeofcaseconference.
• Tobeconfirmedbycaseconference,couldtypicallyleadtocollectionofNPSorNPLfromtheindexcaseandallin-contactsandtestforarespiratoryviruspanel(EIV,EHV-1/-4,ERV)andSequibyqPCR.AlsoCBCfromindexcasetocheckforleucopaenia.
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isolationfacility(TEHorUGAVeterinarySchoolorNCStateVeterinarySchool).
Pyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)withnootherclinicalsignsintheFEICompetitionBarns
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Holdhorseinitsstable• Applybarrierprecautions
aroundthestables(plasticchainaroundstabledoor,bootdip,restrictedentry,increasedPPEforveterinarypersonnel)
• Increasedmonitoring:checkandrecordtemperatureeveryhour
• Ifthehorsehasarectaltemperature≥103°F/39.4°Catthefirstrecording,collectaCBC.
• Ifrectaltemperatureincreasesto≥103°F/39.4°CcollectabloodsampleforCBC.
• IfCBCisabnormal,withaleucopaenia,thenremovehorsetoisolation.
• Ifrectaltemperatureremainselevated(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)after24hoursthenremovehorsetoisolation.
• Ifhorseisremovedtoisolation,considerimplementingdiagnostictesting.
• Continuetomonitorrectaltemperaturesofin-contacthorsestwicedailyandcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• ApositiveinfectiousdiseasediagnostictestorabnormalCBCfromtheindexcasewilltriggeracaseconferencetodeterminewhattodowiththein-contacthorses.
• Tobeconfirmedbycaseconference,couldtypicallyleadtocollectionofNPSorNPLfromtheindexcaseandallin-contactsandtestforarespiratoryviruspanel(EIV,EHV-1/-4,ERV)andSequibyqPCR.
• Ifotherclinicalsignsappear,e.g.diarrhoea,additionaltestingforentericpathogenswillberequired.
Barrierdefinition• Horseremainsinitsstallwithrestrictionsplacedonaccesstothestall• Clearsignageandaplasticbarrierchainacrossthestalldoorwaymustbeputuptoindicateareaof
restriction• Adisinfectantfootmat(usingInterventionTMdisinfectantdiluted1:16inwater)andbrushmustbe
setupoutsidestable
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• Onlyessentialpersonnelmustenterthestall(ideallythiswillbeasingleauthorizedgroomwhomustbethoroughlytrainedinuseofPPEandsupervisedatalltimesbytheteamvetandanauthorisedmemberoftheWEGVetServicesteam).Oncethehorsehasbeenadmittedtoisolationthegroomcaringforthehorsemusthavenocontactwithotherhorses.Ifthisisnotpossible(forexampleifaNFdoesnothavesufficientnumbersofgroomstoallowthis),thegroommustattendtothehorseinisolationlastandmustshowerbeforehandlingotherhorses.
• Onlydedicatedfeedutensils,tack,groomingkitandmuckingoutequipmenttobeused• WearcleanTyveksuit,overbootsandexaminationglovesatalltimeswhenworkinginthebarrier
area;removethesewhenleavingthebarrierarea;washhandswithsoapandwaterthendisinfecthandswithhandsanitiserafterhandlingthehorse
Pyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)withrespiratorysignsattheDAZ
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Ifdetectedontheinitial‘overthetrailerdoorinspection’,donotunloadthehorseandholditandtherestofshipmentpendingoutcomeofcaseconference
• Adecisiononwhattodowiththein-contactsandtheindexcasewillbetakeninafurthercaseconferenceoncetheresultsofdiagnostictestsareknown.Thiswillincludewhethertomovegroupsofhorsestotheisolationstalls;toisolatewithinsectionsofabarnorawholebarn;ortoshiphorsestoaremoteisolationfacility(TEH,UGAorNCS).
• Increasedmonitoringofthein-contacts–taketemperaturehourly(andrecordit)andcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns,pendingoutcomeofdiagnostictestsandcaseconference
• Tobeconfirmedbycaseconference,couldtypicallyleadtocollectionofNPSorNPLfromtheindexcaseandallin-contactsandtestforarespiratoryviruspanel(EIV,EHV-1/-4,ERV)andSequibyqPCR.
Pyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)withrespiratorysignsintheFEIcompetitionbarns
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Immediatelymovetheaffectedhorsetotheisolationstallsinatrailerpendingtheoutcomeofcaseconference
• Wholein-contactgroup(trailerload)arekepttogether,andreleasedtogether,pendingoutcomeofcaseconference.
• Tobeconfirmedbycaseconference,couldtypicallyleadtocollectionofNPSorNPLfromtheindexcaseandallin-contactsandtest
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• IfdetectedintheDAZinspectionarea,holdhorseinDAZholdingstablesinBarn1pendingoutcomeofcaseconferencetodecidewhethertoholdtheentireshipmentintheholdingareaofBarn1orDAZisolationstalls,ortodiverttheentireshipmenttoaremoteisolationfacility(TEH,UGAorNCS).
forarespiratoryviruspanel(EIV,EHV-1/-4,ERV)andSequibyqPCR.
Pyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C)withdiarrhoea
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Removehorsetoisolation• Takesamplesforenteric
pathogenpaneltestingbyqPCR(SalmonellaandEquineCoronavirus)
• TakeabloodsampleforCBC.
• Apositiveentericpathogendiagnostictest,orabnormalCBC,willtriggeracaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSM
• Continuetomonitorrectaltemperaturesofin-contacthorsestwicedailyandcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• Applybarrierprecautionsaroundthestablesofin-contacthorses:plasticchainaroundstabledoor,bootdip,restrictedentry,increasedPPEforveterinarypersonnel(Tyveksuitandoverboots,clinicalexaminationgloves)
• Apositivediagnostictestfromtheindexcasewilltriggeracaseconferencetodeterminewhattodowiththein-contacthorses
• Collectafaecalsamplefromtheindexcasetestforentericpathogens(enrichedcultureandqPCRforSalmonellaandqPCRforcoronavirus)
• CollectabloodsampleforaCBCtocheckforleucopaenia
• Samplesmaybecollectedfromin-contactsasaresultofacaseconferencetriggeredbyapositivetestresultfromtheindexcase
Diarrhoeawithoutpyrexia
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Holdhorseinitsstallandapplybarrierprecautions
• TakeaCBC,andifabnormal,witha
• Continuetomonitorrectaltemperaturesofin-contacthorsestwicedailyandcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• Collectafaecalsamplefromtheindexcasetestforentericpathogens(enrichedcultureandqPCRforSalmonellaandqPCRfor
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leucopaenia,thenremovehorsetoisolation.
• TakesamplesforentericpathogenpaneltestingbyqPCR(SalmonellaandEquineCoronavirus)
• Ifdiarrhoeapersistsat24h,takefurthersamplesandremovethehorsetotheisolationstalls
• ApositivediagnostictestwilltriggeracaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSM
• Iftheindexcasestillhasdiarrhoeaat24h,applybarrierprecautionsaroundthestablesofin-contacthorses:plasticchainaroundstabledoor,bootdip,restrictedentry,increasedPPEforveterinarypersonnel(Tyveksuitandoverboots,clinicalexaminationgloves)
• ApositivediagnostictestorabnormalCBCfromtheindexcasewilltriggeracaseconferencetodeterminewhattodowiththein-contacthorses
coronavirus)whendiarrhoeafirstappearsandagainat24hifdiarrhoeaisstillpresent
• CollectabloodsampleforaCBCtocheckforleucopaeniaifthehorsestillhasdiarrhoeaat24h
• Samplesmaybecollectedfromin-contactsasaresultofacaseconferencetriggeredbyapositivetestresultfromtheindexcase
Ataxiawithpyrexia(≥101.5°F/38.6°C),andotherneurologicalsyndromeswithpyrexia
Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Immediatelyremovehorsetoisolation
• Takesamplesforneurologicalpathogentesting,includingEHV-1,EEEandWNV
• ApositivediagnostictestwilltriggeracaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSM
• Continuetomonitorrectaltemperaturesofin-contacthorsestwicedailyandcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• Applybarrierprecautionsaroundthestablesofin-contacthorses:plasticchainaroundstabledoor,bootdip,restrictedentry,increasedPPEforveterinarypersonnel(Tyveksuitandoverboots,clinicalexaminationgloves)
• Apositivediagnostictestfromtheindexcasewilltriggeracaseconferencetodeterminewhattodowiththein-contacthorses;thiscouldincludeisolationofgroupsofin-contactswithintheirbarn,orclosureofanentirebarn
• CollectaNPSfortestingforEHV-1DNAbyqPCR,andforviralisolation.
• CollectabloodsamplefortestingofbuffycoatforEHV-1DNAbyqPCR
• IfthesesamplesarenegativeforEHV-1,collectothersamplesfortestingforotherneurologicaldiseasesonthe2018WEGBiosecurityRiskRegisterasdirectedbyUSDAandNCDA-CS
Ataxiawithoutpyrexia,andotherneurologicalsyndromeswithoutpyrexia
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Immediateactionsforcase Immediateactionsforin-contacthorses(directandindirectcontacts)
Diagnostictests
• Applybarrierprecautionsaroundthehorse
• Takesamplesforneurologicalpathogentesting,includingEHV-1,EEEandWNV
• Apositivediagnostictestwilltriggerimmediateremovaloftheaffectedhorsetotheisolationstalls;andacaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSM
• Continuetomonitorrectaltemperaturesofin-contacthorsestwicedailyandcheckforappearanceofotherclinicalsigns
• Apositivediagnostictestfromtheindexcasewilltriggeracaseconferencetodeterminewhattodowiththein-contacthorses;thiscouldincludeisolationofgroupsofin-contactswithintheirbarn,orclosureofanentirebarn
• CollectaNPSfortestingforEHV-1DNAbyqPCR
• CollectabloodsamplefortestingofbuffycoatforEHV-1DNAbyqPCR
• Collectsamplesfortestingforotherneurologicaldiseasesonthe2018WEGBiosecurityRiskRegisterasdirectedbyUSDAandNCDA-CS
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-14
OperationalproceduresforFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistosetouttheproceduresforoperationoftheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls,includingrequirementsforpersonnel,trainingandcleaninganddisinfection.
HorsespresentingwithcertainsyndromesintheFEIVenueBarnsstablingwillautomaticallyberemovedtotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls:
1. Feverofunknownorigin(raisedrectaltemperaturefortwoconsecutivemeasurements/ofgreaterthat12hduration)
2. Diarrhoeawithpyrexiaorleucopaenia3. Pyrexiawithleucopaenia4. Diarrhoeaofmorethan24hduration5. Suddenonsetataxiaorneurosignswithorwithoutpyrexia6. Clinicalsignssuggestiveofcontagiousrespiratorydisease
SOP • ThepurposeoftheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsistoseparatehorseswithsuspectedinfectiousorcontagiousdiseasefromtherestofthecompetitionhorsesandsoreducetheriskofdiseasetransmissiontohorsesintheFEIVenueBarnsor,inthecaseofzoonoticdisease,toreducetheriskofdiseasetransmissiontopeople
• TheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsoperationalprocedurerestrictsmovementsofhorsesintoandoutoftheisolationarea,restrictsaccessbypersonneltotheisolationarea,imposesspecialbiosecurityprecautionsandlimitsmovementofpersonnelbetweentheisolationareaandthemainbarnstablingareas
• DecisionmakingtreesforadmissiontoisolationaregiveninTIEC-WEG-BIO-08andTIEC-WEG-BIO-10
• OnlypersonnelwhohavebeentrainedtofollowthebiosecurityproceduresinTIEC-WEG-BIO-03andtoworksafelyandeffectivelyinanisolationfacilityarepermittedtoentertheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls.Thenumberofauthorizedpersonnelshouldbekepttotheminimumrequiredforproperoperationoftheisolationstables,forprotectionofwelfareandprovisionofappropriateveterinarycare
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• TheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsaretemporarystructuresconsistingofstallshousedwithintents.Thedesignofisolationstallshasnotbeenfinalised,specificallywhethertheywillbeindividualtents(onestallpertent)orgroupsofstallswithinlargertents.
AdmissionofpatientstotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStalls• OnlyFEICompetitionhorsesalreadyadmittedtotheFEIVenue
CompoundcanbeadmittedtotheFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsIfproblemsareidentifiedinhorsesattheDAZthosehorsesneedtobeevaluationandtreatedoutsidetheFEIVenueCompound.
• IfconsideredappropriatebytheWEGVSM,horsesdevelopingproblemsthatmeetthetriggersforremovaltotheisolationstallsafterarrivalatthemainvenuewillnormallybetransportedtotheisolationstablesinthevenueusingthemobileambulancetoreducetheriskofcontaminationofvenue.
• Thehandlerwillunloadthehorseandleaditthroughtotheedgeoftheisolationareawearingplasticover-shoes.Anappropriatelydressedmemberofthebiosecurityteamandatrainedgroomwillreceivethehorseandadmitthehorsetotheisolationarea.Thehandlermustthenleaveviatheisolationarea,discardtheplasticovershoes,disinfecttheirhandsusingalcoholgelandshowerandchangetheirclothesbeforehandlingotherhorses.
WorkingintheIsolationStables• Eating,drinking,chewinggumorsmokingisnotpermittedinthe
IsolationStables• Protocolsforentry,exitandwearingprotectiveclothingwillbe
postedinallFEICompetitionHorseIsolationStallsandmustbefollowedatalltimes,withoutexception
ProtocolforentryandexitfromtheIsolationStables• Entryisonlyviathedesignatedentrypoint• Entryandexittoandfromtheentrypointisonlypermittedonce
footwearhasbeencleanedanddisinfectedusingthefootbath(containingInterventionTMdisinfectantdiluted1:16inwater)andscrubbingbrush
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• TheStableTeamareresponsibleformakingupandreplacingfreshfootbathdisinfectantsolutiondaily,aswellastoppingupthefootbathduringthedayasrequired
• Leavebulkyoutdoorclothing(coatsetc)attheentrypoint;putoncleanTyvekcoverallsandbootcoversdedicatedtotheIsolationStallsandexaminationgloves
• Toexitthedirty(main)stablearea:o RemoveTyvekcoverallsandbootcoverso Removegloveso WashhandsusingVetscrubCHXandwatero Disinfecthandswithalcoholgel
• ALLcontaminatedclothingawaitingwashingmusttobebaggedinaclinicalwastebagandwashedusinglaundrydetergent
TreatmentofpatientsintheIsolationStalls• WhenahorseisadmittedtotheIsolationStallsanydrugs,fluidsetc
requiredmustbestoredintheIsolationAreaandmustnotbereturnedtothevetclinicortakenoutoftheIsolationStallsoncetakenin.AnybottlesopenedmustbedatedandlabelledwithpatientnameandIDnumber.
Feeding,beddingandmuckingoutIsolationStalls• Specialhygieneregulationsandrestrictionsapplyforfeeding,
beddingandmuckingouttheIsolationStables.
• AllequipmentandutensilsusedintheIsolationStablesmustbemarkedwithredtapetoavoidaccidentaltransferanduseinotherpartsoftheVenue.
CleaninganddisinfectionofIsolationStables• Specialprecautionsapplyforcleaninganddisinfectionofthe
IsolationStables.ThesearespecifiedinTIEC-WEG-19.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-15
Listofdiseasescontainableandnon-containableatthevenueisolationstallsandwhichrequiretransfertoexternalisolationfacilities(TEHorUGAVetHospitalorNCStateVetHospital)
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinethediseaseswhichareconsideredtobecontainableornon-containableatthevenueisolationstabling.
EpidemiologicalgroupswithdiseasesjudgedbytheWEGVSMtobecontainableatthevenueisolationstablesasaresultofthecaseconferencewithrelevantstakeholdersincludingtheBiosecurityManager,theUSDAteamlead,theNCDA-CSteamleadandtheFEIdelegate,willbemovedtooneofthevenueisolationareasforfurtherobservation,clinicalexaminationandlaboratorytestingtoallowadiagnosistobemade,orsuspicionofthediseasesontheRiskRegistertobenegated.
EpidemiologicalgroupswithdiseasesjudgedbytheWEGVSMasaresultofthecaseconferencetobenon-containableatthevenueisolationstableswillbetransporteddirecttoanexternalisolationfacility(e.g.TEHorGeorgiaVeterinarySchool)forfurtherobservation,clinicalexaminationandlaboratorytestingtoallowadiagnosistobemadeorsuspicionofthediseasesontheriskregistertobenegated.WherethereisjudgedtobeariskofFADdiseaseauthorityanddecision-makingpassestotheUSDAteamleadandNCDA-CSteamlead.ThelikelydestinationforanimalswherethereisasuspicionofFADdisease,oradiseasethatisjudgednon-containableatTEH,isGeorgiaVeterinarySchool.
Syndromescontainableatthevenueisolationstables
HorsesthatarehousedinthemainvenuestablingwithintheFEIcompoundanddevelopanyofthefollowingsyndromeswillbeautomaticallymovedtothevenueisolationstallsformonitoringanddiagnostictestingtoestablishadiagnosis.In-contacthorses(directandindirectcontact)willbesubjecttoincreasedsurveillanceandmaybesubjecttobarrierprecautionsandtestingassetoutinTIEC-WEG-BIO-12.
1. Feverofunknownorigin(raisedrectaltemperaturefortwoconsecutivemeasurements/ofgreaterthan24hduration)
2. Diarrhoeawithpyrexiaorleucopaenia3. Pyrexiawithleucopaenia4. Diarrhoeaofmorethan24hduration
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5. Suddenonsetataxiaorneurosignswithorwithoutpyrexia6. Clinicalsignssuggestiveofcontagiousrespiratorydisease
Diseaseslikelytobecontainableatthevenueisolationstables*
• Strangles• Pleuropneumonia(shippingfever)• Piroplasmosis• DiarrhoeaincludingcolitisandSalmonellosis/Clostridiosis• Ringworm • Rabies
*ThiscouldincludeisolationofawholebarnorpartialbarnforastranglesorSalmonellosis.NotethattheVSMmaydecidetoremovesuspectedorconfirmedstranglescasestoaremoteisolationfacility(TEHorGeorgiaVeterinarySchool).
Diseaseslikelytobenon-containableatthevenueisolationstables*
• Easternequineencephalomyelitis• Equineherpesvirusmyeloencephalopathy• Equineinfluenza• Equineinfectiousanaemia• Equineviralarteritis• Africanhorsesickness• Glanders• WestNileVirus• Equineviralarteritis• Vesicularstomatitis
*Detectionofthesediseaseswouldinvolveremovalofhorsestoaremoteisolationfacility(TEHorGeorgiaVeterinarySchool);orcouldinvolveholdingofgroupsofhorsesatthevenuewithsomeimpactonindividualdisciplines(e.g.Equineherpesvirusmyeloencephalopathy);orcouldinvolveholdingallhorsesatthevenuewithterminationofthecompetition(e.g.Equineinfluenza).
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-16
Criteriaforreleaseofhorsesfromvenueisolationstalls
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistosetoutthesituationsinwhichahorsecouldbereleasedfromtheisolationstallsatthevenue.
SOP Inmostcases,onceahorseentersisolationitisunlikelytobereleasedfromisolationinordertoentercompetition.However,theremaybesituationswhenahorsehasbeenadmittedtoisolationbecauseofsuspicionofdiseasebutthatsuspicionissubsequentlynegatedwithinashortenoughtimeframeforthehorsetoreleasedbackintothemainvenuestabling.
NohorsecanbereleasedfromisolationunlessacaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSMhasbeenheldandtheconclusionofthatconferenceisthatthehorsecanbereleasedfromisolation.Thehorsecouldre-entercompetition,subjecttoapprovalfromtheFEIdelegate.Thisscenariomayoccurforhorseswithpyrexiaofunknownoriginthatresolve,suspectedcolitiscasesorpleuropneumoniawherethehorsehasbeenclinicallynormalforatleast24hand,whereappropriate,hasbeentestednegativeforarespiratorypathogenpaneloranentericpathogenpanel.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-17
DomesticArrivalsZonecleaninganddisinfection;ExhibitionBarnscleaninganddisinfection
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinetheproceduresforcleaninganddisinfectionthatmustbefollowedintheDomesticArrivalsZone.ThisappliestotheuseoftheDAZbothforFEICompetitionHorsesandforExhibitionHorses.ThisSOPalsoappliestocleaninganddisinfectionoftheExhibitionBarns.
Thedisinfectantthatwillbeusedthroughoutthevenue,includingtheDAZandtheExhibitionBarns,isAccelRInterventionTM(referredtofromnowonasInterventionTM),whichisanacceleratedperoxideanddisinfectantandisahighlysuitabledisinfectantforusethroughoutthevenue.InterventionTMisbroadspectrumandhasagoodrangeactivityagainstallthepathogensontheWEG2018riskregister.Ithasresidualactivityonceappliedtosurfacesandthedilutedproductisoflowirritancytoanimalandhumanskin.Therearetwofeaturesthatareparticularlyattractiveforuseatthevenue:(i)itretainsgoodactivityinthepresenceoforganicmaterial(oneofthebestactivitiesofthecommerciallyavailabledisinfectants);and(ii)itremainsactiveforextendedperiodsoncedilutedandsoretainsgoodactivityinfootbathsandfootmats(unlikeVirkonTM).
SOP • WhentheDAZveterinaryinspectionareasareinusetheymustbekeptcleanandtidy.Droppingsmustbepickedupandurinesqueegeedoutofthestable.Clinicalwastemustbeputimmediatelyintoclinicalwastebins.
• DisinfectionoftheDAZveterinaryinspectionareaswillnotnormallybecarriedoutbetweeneachbatchofhorsesbutisrequiredifhorseswithsuspectedorconfirmedclinicaldiseasehavebeeninthoseareas
• IfahorsewithanyclinicalsignsofdiseaseisdetectedintheDAZveterinaryinspectionthestablewheretheaffectedhorsehasbeenexaminedandallstableswhereothermembersoftheepidemiologicalgrouphavebeenunloadedand/orexaminedmustbecleanedanddisinfectedusingtheprocedureoutlinedinthisprotocol.OtherareasintheDAZwherethathorsehasbeenmustalsobecleanedanddisinfectedusingthisprotocol.Theareasmustnotbeusedforanyotherhorsesuntilthecleansinganddisinfectionhasbeencompleted.Asageneraloperatingprinciple,ifahorsewithclinicalsignsofdiseaseisdetectedinoneoftherowsofveterinary
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healthcheckstalls,thatrowofstallswillbetakenoutofuseandonlytheotherrowuseduntilthecontaminatedrowofstableshasbeensatisfactorilycleansedanddisinfectedasspecifiedinthisprotocol.
• Cleaninganddisinfectionprotocol1. Allbedding,hayandmanuremustberemovedusinga
fork/shovelintobins2. WallsshouldbecleanedbyapplyingtheInterventionTMhigh
leveldisinfectantcleanerata1:16dilutionrateusingamop.Wallsshouldbesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleanerfluid.Wallsonlyneedtobescrubbedintheeventoftherebeinganareaofvisiblecontamination.Anyscrubbedareawillbewipeddryafterscrubbing.
3. AnyareasofvisiblecontaminationonthestablepartitionsshouldbesprayedusinganInterventionTMtriggersprayandbrushscrubbed,thenwipeddryorsqueegeedtoremoveexcess.
4. ThefloorshouldbewashedoverwiththeInterventionTMgeneraldisinfectioncleaningstrengthsolution(1:16).Areasofvisiblecontaminationonthefloorsshouldreceivetriggersprayattentionandscrubbed.
5. Floorsmayneedtobesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleaningfluid.
6. StabledoorsandbarsshouldbescrubbedorwipedwithAccelat1:16dilutionusingacloth;edgesofdoorsshouldbesprayedandwipeddry.
7. Stablesshouldbelefttodryforaslongaspossible,withatleast5mincontacttimeallowedbeforereusingthestable.
Ifahorsewithsuspectedrespiratorydiseasewithpossibleaerosoltransmissionroutes(e.g.equineinfluenzavirus)hasbeendetectedintheDAZ,mistingoftheairspacewithInterventionTMshouldbecarriedouttodisinfectairspaceattheendoftheC&Dprocedure.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-18
Mainbarnscleaninganddisinfection;vetcliniccleaninganddisinfection
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinetheproceduresforcleaninganddisinfectionthatmustbefollowedinthemainvenuebarnstablingandinthevetclinic.
Thedisinfectantthatwillbeusedthroughoutthevenue,includingthevetclinic,isInterventionTM.InterventionTMisanacceleratedperoxideanddisinfectantandisahighlysuitabledisinfectantforusethroughoutthevenue.InterventionTMisbroadspectrumandhasagoodrangeactivityagainstallthepathogensontheWEG2018riskregister.Ithasresidualactivityonceappliedtosurfacesandthedilutedproductisoflowirritancytoanimalandhumanskin.Therearetwofeaturesthatareparticularlyattractiveforuseatthevenue:(i)itretainsgoodactivityinthepresenceoforganicmaterial(oneofthebestactivitiesofthecommerciallyavailabledisinfectants);and(ii)itremainsactiveforextendedperiodsoncedilutedandsoretainsgoodactivityinfootbathsandfootmats(unlikeVirkonTM).
Stalls Stallsmustbecleanedanddisinfectedbeforenewhorsesareadmittedusingthefollowingprotocol:1. Allbedding,hayandmanuremustberemovedusingafork/shovel
intodumpsters2. Stallswillbesweptandanyloosematerialshovelledintothe
dumpsters(dumpsterswillberemovedbythewastecontractors)3. WallsshouldbecleanedbyapplyingtheInterventionTMdisinfectant
cleanerata1:64dilutionrateusingamop.Wallsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleanerfluid.Wallsonlyneedtobescrubbedintheeventoftherebeinganareaofvisiblecontamination.
4. AnyareasofvisiblecontaminationonthestablepartitionswillbesprayedusinganInterventionTMtriggerspraydiluted1:16andbrushscrubbed,thensqueegeedtoremoveexcess.
5. ThefloorshouldbewashedoverwiththeInterventionTMgeneraldisinfectioncleaningstrengthsolution(1:64).Areasofvisiblecontaminationonthefloorsshouldreceivetriggersprayattentionandscrubbed.
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6. Floorsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleaningfluid.
7. Stalldoorsandbarsshouldbescrubbedorwipedwithaclothusingthegeneraldilutionstrength(1:64)ofInterventionTM.Edgesofdoorsshouldbetriggersprayedandwipeddry.
8. RINSING:ThegoalofthisSOPistouseaminimumamountofwater:rinsingisnotusuallyrequiredwhenusingInterventionTM.Floorsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcesssolutionafterapplicationifafastturn-aroundisrequiredbetweenoccupancy,providedacontacttimeofatleast5minhasbeenallowed.
9. Stallsshouldbelefttodryforaslongaspossible(atleast30min).10. Whenahorseisexpectedimminentlyanda30minturn-aroundis
notpossible,adryingmopmaybeusedaftersqueegeeuse,torenderthefloorasdryaspossible.However,atleast5mincontacttimemustbeallowedbeforeanymoppingiscarriedout,andimmediatemoppingmustnotbedone.
11. Stallsshouldbeallowedtodrybeforefreshbeddingisinstalledinpreparationfornewhorsearrival;ifthisisnotpossibleatleast5mincontacttimemustbeallowedbeforeintroducingbeddingorhorse.
Vetclinic Allhorsestallsshouldbecleanedanddisinfectedimmediatelyafteruseandbeforeanewhorseentersthestall.1. Allvisiblecontaminationshouldberemovedbeforecleaningand
disinfectionbegins.2. Manure(andanybedding,ifpresent)shouldberemovedwitha
shovelandbrush,theareashouldthenbehosedtoremovetracesoffaecesfromflooring;urineshouldbehosedaway;bloodandotherbodyfluidsshouldbehosedaway.Whenhosingitisvitalthataerosolsareminimisedtoreducetheriskofinfectious/contagiousagentspread.Volumesofwaterusedshouldbekepttoaminimum.
3. Allbedding,hayandmanureshouldberemovedusingafork/shovelintobins
4. WallswillbecleanedbyapplyingtheInterventionTMdisinfectantcleanerata1:16dilutionrateusingamop.Wallsshouldbesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleanerfluid.Wallswill
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onlybescrubbedintheeventoftherebeinganareaofvisiblecontamination.Anyscrubbedareashouldbewipeddryafterscrubbing.
5. AnyareasofvisiblecontaminationonthestablepartitionsshouldbesprayedusinganInterventionTMtriggerspraydiluted1:16andbrushscrubbed,thenwipeddryorsqueegeedtoremoveexcess.
6. ThefloorwillbewashedoverwiththeInterventionTMgeneraldisinfectioncleaningstrengthsolution(1:16).Areasofvisiblecontaminationonthefloorsshouldreceivetriggersprayattentionandscrubbed.
7. Floorswillbesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleaningfluid.
8. StalldoorsandbarswillbescrubbedorwipedwithaclothusingInterventionTM(1:16dilution).Edgesofdoorsshouldbetriggersprayedandcarefullywipeddry.
9. Stallsshouldbelefttodryforaslongaspossible,withatleast5mincontacttimeallowedbeforereusingthestable.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-19
CleaninganddisinfectionofIsolationStables
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistodefinetheproceduresforcleaninganddisinfectionthatmustbefollowedintheIsolationStables.
Thedisinfectantthatwillbeusedthroughoutthevenue,includingtheIsolationStables,isInterventionTM.InterventionTMisanacceleratedperoxideanddisinfectantandisahighlysuitabledisinfectantforusethroughoutthevenue.InterventionTMisbroadspectrumandhasagoodrangeactivityagainstallthepathogensontheWEG2018riskregister.Ithasresidualactivityonceappliedtosurfacesandthedilutedproductisoflowirritancytoanimalandhumanskin.Therearetwofeaturesthatareparticularlyattractiveforuseatthevenue:(i)itretainsgoodactivityinthepresenceoforganicmaterial(oneofthebestactivitiesofthecommerciallyavailabledisinfectants);and(ii)itremainsactiveforextendedperiodsoncedilutedandsoretainsgoodactivityinfootbathsandfootmats(unlikeVirkonTM).TheprotocolforC&DoftheIsolationStablesissimilartothatforotherareasonthevenueexceptthat:
1. Wasteisremovedintodedicateddumpstersthatarekeptclosedinbetweenuse.Thesedumpstersareremovedfromthevenuebyspecialistcontractorsandhandledasclinicalwaste.
2. Allsurfacesmustbescrubbedbeforeapplicationofdisinfectant3. Disinfectantisusedat1:16dilutionthroughouttheisolation
area
Isolationstalls Isolationstallsmustbecleanedanddisinfectedafterahorsehasbeenreleasedandbeforeanynewhorsesareadmitted.12. Allbedding,hayandmanuremustberemovedusingafork/shovel
intodedicateddumpsterskeptintheisolationarea.Thesedumpstersaretobekeptclosedwhennotbeingusedformucking-out.
13. Stallswillbesweptandanyloosematerialshovelledintothedumpsters(dumpsterswillberemovedbyspecialistwastecontractorsandhandledasclinicalwaste.)
14. Walls,stablepartitions,doors,grillsandfloormustbescrubbedusingdiluteddetergentbeforeapplicationofdisinfectant.
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15. InterventionTMdisinfectantcleanerata1:64dilutionrateshouldbeappliedtowallsusingamop.Wallsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleanerfluid.
16. StablepartitionsmustbesprayedusinganInterventionTMtriggerspraydiluted1:16andbrushscrubbed,thensqueegeedtoremoveexcess.
17. ThefloorshouldbewashedoverwithInterventionTMdisinfectant(at1:16dilution).
18. Floorsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcessdisinfectantcleaningfluid,providedacontacttimeofatleast5minisallowed.
19. StalldoorsandbarsshouldbescrubbedorwipedwithaclothusingInterventionTMat1:16dilution.Edgesofdoorsshouldbetriggersprayedandwipeddry.
20. RINSING:ThegoalofthisSOPistouseaminimumamountofwater:rinsingisnotusuallyrequiredwhenusingInterventionTM.Floorsmaybesqueegeedtoremoveexcesssolutionafterapplicationifafastturn-aroundisrequiredbetweenoccupancy,providedacontacttimeofatleast5minisallowed.
21. Stallsshouldbelefttodryforaslongaspossible(atleast30min).22. Whenahorseisexpectedimminentlyanda30minturn-aroundis
notpossible,adryingmopmaybeusedaftersqueegeeuse,torenderthefloorasdryaspossible.However,atleast5mincontacttimemustbeallowedbeforeanymoppingiscarriedout,andimmediatemoppingmustnotbedone.
23. Stallsshouldbeallowedtodrybeforefreshbeddingisinstalledinpreparationfornewhorsearrival;ifthisisnotpossibleatleast5mincontacttimewillbeallowedbeforeintroducingbeddingorhorse.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-20
WEGproceduresforbiosecurityincidentmanagementandcommunicationsduringWEG
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistoensurethatthereisaclearlineofcommunicationandclearmessaging(i)withinthevenuetoNationalFederations,toWEGVetServicesteammembers,totheFEIandtoUSDA/NCDA-CS;(ii)withinthevenuetospectators;and(iii)totheexternalpublicaudience,mediaandotherexternalstakeholders
SOP 1. Communicationstostakeholdersinrelationtoanyconfirmedcaseofinfectiousorcontagiousdiseaselikelytohaveimpactonnormaloperationsand/oroncompetitionwillbehandledbytheWEGVSM(DrAnneBaskettandDrBillHay)andtheTIECMedia.
2. AllcommunicationsandmessagingwillbeagreeduponbeforereleasethroughaconferencebetweenthemediacoregroupcomprisingtheWEGVetServices(coordinatedbytheVSM),theFEI(coordinatedbytherelevantdelegateandtheCommission)andTIEC(coordinatedbyMrEricStrausandMrMichaelStone).IfadiseaseunderthejurisdictionofNCDA-CSorUSDAisinvolved,arepresentativeoftherelevantagencywillalsobeinvolvedinthisconference.
3. Thekeyrolesofthemediacoregroupwillbeto:• understandandcoordinatetheimpactsoftheincident,taking
intoaccountwhichdisease,whereithasoccurred,isolationandothermovementrestrictions,possibleimpactsontheabilityofdomestichorsestoleavethevenue,possibleimpactsofinternationalhorsestobeissuedwithUSDAhealthcertificatesforexportandtraveltotheircountryoforigin
• ensureFEIcommissionandTIECdirectorsarefullyappraised• ensurecommunicationsandmessagingarecoordinatedsothat
thereisconsistencyofmessagingfromallagencies;andtoensurethattheTIECMediaManagerisfullybriefed
4. Decisionsonmessagingandmethodsofdissemination,includingsocialmedia,willneedtobemadeswiftlyinordertoremainincontrolofthestoryandpreventmisleadinginformationbeingpromulgatedviathemedia.Frequentupdateswillberequired.
5. IntheeventofasuspectedFADorreportablediseasetheWEGVetServicesteamandFEIdelegatewillbenotifiedinformallyatthe‘suspected’stagebyUSDAorNCDA-CS.Atthisstage,thisinformationwillbeconfidentialinformationandnotforgeneraldissemination.However,theVSMwillneedtoensurethatappropriateindividualswithintheWEGmanagementteamatTIECandarebriefedsothatappropriatecontingencyandcommunicationplanningcanbeginintheeventthatthesuspicionisconfirmed.
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-21
DiseasesunderthejurisdictionofUSDA
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistolistthediseaseunderthejurisdictionofUSDAandNCDA-CS.ThislistisanextractfromtheUSDAdocumentVoluntary2018U.S.NationalListofReportableAnimalDiseases(NLRAD)-NationalAnimalHealthReportingSystem(NAHRS)ReportableDiseases,Infections,andInfestationsList
Listofdiseases • A020Vesicularstomatitis(VS)• A110Africanhorsesickness(AHS)*• B051Anthrax(Bacillusanthracis)*• B053Echinococcosis/hydatidosis(Echinococcusgranulosus,E.
multilocularis)*• B058Rabies*• B060NewWorldscrewworm(Cochliomyiahominivorax)*• B061OldWorldscrewworm(Chrysomyabezziana)*• B062Trichinellosis(Trichinellaspp.)*• B201Contagiousequinemetritis(Taylorellaequigenitalis)*• B202Dourine(Trypanosomaequiperdum)*• N220Equineencephalomyelitis(Eastern)*• N221Equineencephalomyelitis(Western)*• B205Equineinfectiousanemia(EIA)*• B206Equineinfluenza(EI)*• B207Equinepiroplasmosis(Theileria(Babesia)equi,B.caballi)*• B208Equinerhinopneumonitis(EHV-1)*• B208aEquineherpesvirusmyeloencephalopathy(EHV1-EHM)• B209Glanders(Burkholderiamallei)*• B211Equineviralarteritis(EVA)*• B212Japaneseencephalitis(JE)*• B215Surra(Trypanosomaevansi)*• B216Venezuelanequineencephalomyelitis(VEE)*• B352Tularemia(Francisellatularensis)*• N002WestNilefever*• W075Hendra• C613Melioidosis(Burkholderiapseudomallei)• C752Pigeonfever(Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis,ulcerative
lymphangitis)• C753Strangles(Streptococcusequisubspequi)*=2018OIElisteddiseases
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TIEC-WEG-BIO-22
WEGVetServicescontrolplansforother(non-USDAjurisdiction)diseases
Purpose ThepurposeofthisSOPistosetoutthecontrolplansforkeynon-USDAandnon-NCDA-CSdiseaseslistedintheRiskRegister.ThesediseasesarecolitisandsuspectedSalmonellosisorClostridiosis,EquineHerpesvirusMyeloencephalopathy,EquineInfluenzaandEquineStrangles.
TheAAEPOutbreakGuidelineswillbeusedastheframeworkformanagingthesediseases.Venueandsituation-specificdecisionswillbemadefollowingacaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSM.
22.1 ColitisandsuspectedSalmonellosisorClostridiosis
• ThisappliestoallhorseswithdiarrhoeaandallhorseswithsuspectedorconfirmedcolitisorsuspectedSalmonellosisorClostridiosis(notethatconfirmedSalmonellosiscasesshouldbereportedtoNCDA-CSforpossiblepublichealthfollow-up)
• Definitions:o Diarrhoea:liquidfaecesretainingnoshapeinbedding
passedmorethantwiceina12hperiodo Fever:>3rectaltemperaturesof(≥101.5°F/38.5°C)in24ho Leucopaenia:totalWCC<4x109/L
• CriteriaforautomaticadmissiontoIsolationforhorsesinthemainvenuebarnstabling:horseswithfever(≥101.5°F/38.5°C)andleucopaenia(WCC<4x109/L)mustbeadmittedtoisolationassuspectcolitiscases,regardlessofwhetherdiarrhoeaispresentornot
• Horseswithdiarrhoea(withorwithoutfever)butwhichhavenothadhaematologycarriedout:• mustbeworkedupinthestableandnotmovedtothevetclinic• minimalpersonnelaretobeinvolvedintheworkup• aCBCshouldberun• iftheWCCis<4*109/l,thehorsemustbetransferredtoisolation• ifthereisastrongclinicalsuspicionthatthehorsehascolitis(eg
verysoftfaecesintherectum,fluidcoloncontentsonultrasound)thehorsemustbetransferredtoIsolationirrespectiveoftheWCC.ThisdecisionwillbemadebythebiosecurityteaminconjunctionwiththeTreatingVetteam
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• iftheWCCisnormal,andthediagnosisisunclear,thehorsecanbebarrierstabledinthemainstableblockunderthesupervisionoftheBiosecurityTeam
• ifthefeverrecurs,aWCCistobere-checkedwithin24hours• iftheWCCislow,thehorsemustbetransferredtoisolation• ifdiarrhoeadevelops,thehorsemustbetransferredtothe
isolationstalls• ifasuspectedcolitiscaseorahorsewithanyotherknownor
suspectedGIdiseasedevelopsafever,usetheflowcharttodeterminewhetheritneedstogototheIsolationStalls
• suspectedcolitiscasesdetectedattheDAZwillusuallybedivertedtoTEH,asdeterminedbytheoutcomeofthecaseconference
• suspectedcolitiscasesoccurringatthemainvenuestablingwillbemovedtotheisolationstalls
Decisionmakingtreeforhorseswithdiarrhoea
Barrierdefinition• Horseremainsinstableinitsstallwithrestrictionsplacedonaccesstothestall
DiarrhoeaIN-HOUSECASE
Checktemp CheckCBC
LowWCC NormalWCCNormal Fever(≥101.5/38.5)
MovetoIsolationBarrierprecautions Barrierprecautions
Wait24h
Diarrhoeapersists Diarrhoearesolves
RemovebarrierMovetoisolation
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• Clearsignageandaplasticbarrierchainacrossthestalldoorwaymustbeputuptoindicateareaofrestriction
• Adisinfectantfootmatandbrushmustbesetupoutsidestable• Onlyessentialpersonnelmustenterthestall(ideallythiswillbeasingleauthorizedgroom,
theteamvetandanauthorisedmemberoftheWEGVetServicesteam)• Onlydedicatedfeedutensils,tack,groomingkitandmuckingoutequipmenttobeused• WearcleanTyveksuit,overbootsandexaminationglovesatalltimeswhenworkinginthe
barrierarea;removethesewhenleavingthebarrierarea;washhandswithsoapandwaterthendisinfecthandswithhandsanitiserafterhandlingthehorse
22.2 EquineHerpesvirusMyeloencephalopathy
• ThisappliestoallhorseswithsuspectedEHM• Casedefinition
• Acuteonsethindlimbataxiawithorwithoutforelimbataxiawithorwithoutfever(≥101.5°F/38.5°C)
• Acuteonsethindlimbataxiawithperinealsigns,withorwithoutfever(≥101.5°F/38.5°C)
• ForhorseswithneurologicalsignsdetectedattheDAZ.Criteriaforautomaticdiversiontoaremoteisolationfacility(TEHorGeorgiaVeterinarySchool):horseswithsuddenonsetataxiaand/orperinealsigns,withorwithoutfever
• ForhorseswithneurologicalsignsdetectedattheFEIVenueBarnsstabling.Criteriaforautomaticadmissiontotheisolationstalls:horseswithsuddenonsetataxiaand/orperinealsigns,withorwithoutfever
• Diagnosticsamplesforprovisionaldiagnosisfollowedbyconfirmationofdiagnosismustbecollected:blood(serum)sampleforimmediateserologicaldiagnostictesting(SvanovaEHV-1/EHV-4-gGELISA[BoehringerIngelheim]);nasopharyngealswabsforDNAdetectionbyqPCR;wholebloodforvirusDNAdetectionbyqPCR
• Pendingresultsofthesetests,precautionsandrestrictionsonadjacenthorsesmustbeimplemented:barrierprecautionsshouldbeputinplace,twicedailyrectaltemperaturesmustberecordedandcontactbetweenthesehorsesandothersshouldbeminimised,includinglimitingpersonnelcontact
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• Iftheaffectedhorsetestspositive,acaseconferencewilldecideonappropriatebiosecuritymeasuresincludingtestingofin-contacthorses,testingofotherhorsesinthebarn,restrictionsonmovementandcompetition.Thecaseconferencemaydecidethatpartorallofthebarninwhichtheaffectedhorsewashousedmustbeisolated
• Isolationmeasuresarerequiredforatleast14daysaftertheindexcasedevelopedclinicalsignsandmayberequiredforlongersubjecttoepidemiologicalconditionsontheground
• Declarationofdisease-freestatusforin-contacthorsesattheendofthe14dayisolationperiodisdependenton:
o absenceofclinicalsigns o absenceofnasalsheddingofvirus(negativeqPCRonNPS)
22.3 EquineInfluenzaVirus
• Influenzavirusoutbreakshavehighmorbidityandlowmortality.Affectedhorsesusuallyrecoveruneventfully.AffectedhorsesareunabletotrainorcompeteandaninfluenzaoutbreakwouldhavehighimpactoncompetitionatTIEC,includingsuspensionofcompetition.
• IntheeventthattheinternationalornationalequineinfluenzasituationchangestheWEGVetServicesteamandFEICommissionmaydecidetorequireadditionaltestingofhorsesforEIVusingtheqPCRdiagnostictestbeforeentrytothemainvenuestabling.
• ClinicallyhealthyhorseswhichtestpositiveontheqPCRtestwillbedeniedentryintoTIEC.
• Horseswithclinicalsignssuggestiveofequineinfluenzawillbeisolatedimmediately,tested(qPCRtestingofaNPSsample)andacaseconferenceheld.HorseswithclinicalsignsandorconfirmationofdiseaseattheDAZwillbedivertedtoaremoteisolationfacilityattheGeorgiaVeterinarySchoolalongwiththerestoftheepidemiologicalgroup.Subjecttotheoutcomeofthecaseconference,horseswithclinicalsignsorconfirmationofdiseaseattheTIECmainvenuestableswilleitherbeisolatedinatthevenueisolationstallsorintheirbarndependingontheepidemiological
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situation.Serialtestingofaffectedhorses,in-contactsandoftherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwillinformbiosecuritydecisions,controlmeasuresandimpactoncompetition.
• AnEquineInfluenzaoutbreakintheTIECvenuewouldbelikelytoresultinsuspensionofcompletionandterminationofWEG2018.
• Inclusioncriteriaforhorsessuspectedtohaveinfluenzaarefeverwithorwithoutclinicalsignsofrespiratorydisease(depression,lymphadenopathy,nasaldischargeanddry,hackingcough)
• ForhorseswithfeverandrespiratorysignssuggestiveofinfluenzadetectedattheDAZ.CriteriaforautomaticdiversiontotheisolationfacilityatGeorgiaVeterinarySchoolassuspectedinfluenzacases:horseswithfeverandsuggestiverespiratorysigns
• Forhorseswithfeverand/orrespiratorysignssuggestiveofinfluenzadetectedattheTIECmainvenuestabling.Criteriaforautomaticadmissiontothevenueisolationstallsassuspectedinfluenzacases:horseswithfeverandrespiratorysigns
• Diagnosticsamplesforprovisionaldiagnosisfollowedbyconfirmationofdiagnosismustbecollected.
• Pendingresultsofthesetests,precautionsandrestrictionsontherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupwhichmustbeisolated,twicedailyrectaltemperaturesmustberecordedandtestingcarriedoutasconsideredappropriatebytheVetServicesteamleader
• Ifthehorsetestspositive,acaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSMwilldecideonappropriatebiosecuritymeasuresincludingtestingofin-contacthorses,testingofotherhorsesinthebarn,isolationofin-contacts,restrictionsonmovementandcompetition.
22.4 EquineStrangles
• Strangleshasvariableclinicalimpactfrommildandself-limitingdiseasetosevereand,rarely,fataldisease.Thediseasecanhavesignificanteffectsonwelfareandaffectedhorseswillnotbecapableofcompetition.Anoutbreakwouldthereforehaveanimpactoncompetition(atleastforaffectedhorsesandin-contacts)althoughwouldnotautomaticallymeanthatcompetitionissuspended,butcouldmeansoifbiosecuritymeasureswerenotadheredtoorif
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communicationsandmessagingviathemediaandsocialmediawerenoteffectivelymanaged.
• Themodeoftransmission(mainlynon-aerosolroutes,includingfomites)meansthatdiseaseisrelativelyeasilycontainedprovidedadequatebiosecuritymeasuresarefollowed.Theconsequencesofstranglesforequinehealthandwelfareandforcompetitioncanbeeffectivelymitigatedbythecountermeasures.However,therewouldbeasignificantmediaimpactofastranglesoutbreakandcommunicationswouldneedtobecarefullymanaged.
• ForhorseswithfeverandrespiratorysignssuggestiveofstranglesdetectedattheDAZ.CriteriaforautomaticdiversiontotheremoteisolationfacilityatGeorgiaVeterinarySchoolassuspectedstranglescases:horseswithfeverandcharacteristicrespiratorysigns.Note:horseswithfeverandrespiratorysignsnotimmediatelysuggestiveofstrangleswillbeheldintheDAZholdingareapendingdiagnostictestresults(qPCRtestingofaNPSsample);apositivetestwillresultinthehorseandtherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupbeingdivertedtotheisolationfacilityatGeorgiaVeterinarySchool.
• Forhorseswithfeverandrespiratorysignssuggestiveofstranglesdetectedatthemainvenuestabling.Criteriaforautomaticadmissiontothevenueisolationstalls:horseswithfeverwithorwithoutcharacteristicrespiratorysignsaretobeadmittedtothevenueisolationstallsformonitoringandinvestigation.Note:horseswithfeverandrespiratorysignsnotimmediatelysuggestiveofstrangleswillbeimmediatelymovedtothevenueisolationareapendingdiagnostictestresults(qPCRtestingofaNPSsample);apositivetestwillresultinacaseconferencetodecidewhattodowiththeaffectedhorse,theepidemiologicalgroupandin-contacts.
• Pendingresultsoftests,precautionsandrestrictionsontherestoftheepidemiologicalgroupmustbeapplied,includingbarrierprecautions,twicedailyrectaltemperaturesrecording,andtestingcarrieroutasconsideredappropriatebytheVetServicesteamleader
• Ifanyhorsetestspositive,acaseconferenceledbytheWEGVSMwilldecideonappropriatebiosecuritymeasuresincludingtestingofin-contacthorses,testingofotherhorsesinthebarn,restrictionsonmovementandcompetition.