Water Reuse & Wastewater Management

Pio Lombardo, P.E.

Lombardo Associates, Inc.

Newton, MA 02467Pio@LombardoAssociates.com

www.LombardoAssociates.com

September 25, 2008

Sustainable Best Practices

Credentials & Experience

•Over 35 years’ experience in wastewater management, planning and implementation

•Engineer of Record for over $200 million of wastewater management projects throughout the US

•Authored numerous USEPA manuals on decentralized wastewater management

•Limnology & water quality expertise

•Corporative Execute for international environmental engineering firms

•Design/Build/Operate Experience

•Recipient of ENR Construction Man-of-the-Year Candidate Award

•LAI received the ACEC Engineer of Excellence Award

•Registered Engineers in 29 States

Project Types

Commercial Development

Residential Development

Institutional

EMERGENT WETLAND

Water Use Efficiency & Water Reuse

• Minimize Potable Water Demand

• Roof Runoff + Stormwater Reuse

• Wastewater Reuse

Commercial Development Projects

Shopping Centers

Office / Retail

No Net Discharge System

•No Net Discharge

•Minimizes Potable Water Demand(50-70% Reduction)

Wastewater

Collection

Wastewater

Treatment

Rain Collection

StormwaterTreatment Storage

In-Building

Reuse

Landscape

Irrigation

Rain Collection

Stormwater

Malibu- La Paz Development

Water Reuse – No Discharge System

The No Wastewater Discharge is achieved by:

In-Building Reuse – Toilet Flushing

Landscape Irrigation – Roof Runoff & Stormwater Reuse

Malibu La Paz – City Hall Village Green

11 Commercial

Buildings

2 Restaurants

(175 seats/each)

Proposed New

City Hall

Malibu- La Paz Development

Design Flow: 28,000 gpd / 23,000 gpd

Malibu La Paz – Entry

With the Water Reuse, Potable Water Demand

will be 14,200 gpd… a 56% Reduction

Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA

16,000 gpd Shopping Center

Malibu Creek

Plaza

• Equivalent to ~200 Residential Units

• Achieving Title 22 Unrestricted Water Reuse Requirements

Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA

Malibu- Ioki Development

Water Reuse – No Discharge System

Environmentally Sensitive Area, adjacent to the famous Surfrider Beach in Malibu, CA

Combination of Office & Retail buildings

Integrated Wastewater-Stormwater Irrigation System

Malibu- Ioki Development

Design Flow: 20,800 gpd / 18,200 gpd

Without Water Reuse:

In-Building Water Demand = 12,970 gpd

Irrigation = 10,700 gpd= 23,670 gpd

With Water Reuse:

Potable Water Demand = 10,185 gpd

57% REDUCTION

Urban – Mixed Use Development

Wastewater Treatment Plant

Reuse Plan

Commercial Development Projects

Wastewater Reuse for Toilet Flushing

Greenhouse - Wetlands

Dense Urban Development Wastewater Treatment Plant Reuse Plan

Westwood Station On-Site Wastewater System

Preliminary Economic Analsys

prepared by Lombardo Associates, Inc. - November 9, 2006

Design Flow 50,000 gpd

18,250,000 gallons per year (gpy)

18,250 1,000 gpy

Annual Cost with Sewer Connection

2005 Westwood Water Use Rate 3.97$ per hundred cubic feet (HCF)

2005 Westwood Sewer Use Rate 13.95$ per hundred cubic feet

17.92$ per HCF

23.96$ per 1,000 gallons

50,000 gpd

18,250 1,000 gpy

Annual Water Use Cost 96,862$

Annual Sewer Use Cost 340,358$

Annual Total Water & Sewer Cost 437,219$

1. Annual Water & Sewer Use Avoidance Costs

Dense Urban Development Wastewater Treatment Plant Reuse Plan

On-Site Wastewater Reuse System

Range of Estimated Annual O&M Costs

Achievable Low End Safe High End

1. Annual O&M Costs - Est. Budget Range 100,000$ 150,000$

2. Estimated Net Annual Savings 337,219$ 287,219$

3. Simple Payback Period 10 years

3,372,193$ 2,872,193$

Notes:

1. Amenity value of greenhouse not considered

2. Impact of continuing rising MWRA rates - 9.8% for 2006 - not considered

3. Value of LEED points not considered

5. Can reuse system be implemented for less than

Allowable Capital Cost ?

4. "Maximum Allowable" Capital Cost of Reuse

System

Initial Capital Cost estimate = $3,025,000

Residential Development Projects

Nitrogen Sensitive Coastal Areas

Mashpee, MA – 5,226 gpd

Residential &Commercial Site

BIOFILTER

DRAINFIELD PUMP

STATION

SEPTIC TANK

NITREX™ FILTER

BioFilter

Niitrex Filter

Drainfield Pump Station

NitrexTM Filter

•TN < 3 mg/l

•Monthly O&M Visits

•Electricity Use - $0.75 / day

•No chemical Addition

•Normal Septage Removal

•24 Units Mixed Housing (40B)

•9,800 SF Commercial

Eastham, MA – Brackett Landing

Cape Cod Residential Development Producing Water with Total Nitrogen < 3.0 mg/l

Design Flow:

10,000 gpd

Chincoteague, VA

3,900 gpd Commercial System

RECIRCULATING PEAT FILTER AEROBIC

TREATMENT SYSTEM

RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM

TOTAL NITROGEN < 3 mg/l

Septic Tank

Recirculating Media Filter

Recirculating Tank

NitrexTM Filter

Merced, CA

330 gpd Institutional System

Gurr Road

Fire Station

Nitrogen Removal System as an addition to the Septic System

Campus Water Use and Wastewater Generation

Analysis

Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for

Major US Cities

Typical Water Charge = $3.08 / 1,000 gallons

Typical Sewer Charge = $4.63 / 1,000 gallons

Typical Combined Charge = $7.71 / 1,000 gallons

Boston Water Charge = $4.40 / 1,000 gallons

Boston Sewer Charge = $5.39 / 1,000 gallons

Boston Combined Charge = $9.79 / 1,000 gallons

Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for

Major US Cities ($/1,000 gallons)

Water Sewer CombinedBoston, MA $4.40 $5.39 $9.79Columbus, OH $2.62 $3.58 $6.20Dallas, TX $2.31 $3.65 $5.97Indianapolis, IN $2.74 $2.13 $4.87Jacksonville, FL $2.24 $4.74 $6.98Los Angeles, CA $2.91 $3.35 $6.26MWRA Service Area $4.46 $6.72 $11.18New York, NY $2.41 $3.84 $6.25Philadelphia, PA $3.43 $4.41 $7.84Portland, ME $3.05 $8.48 $11.53Providence, RI $3.44 $3.79 $7.23Saint Paul, MN $2.27 $3.55 $5.82San Diego, CA $4.60 $5.36 $9.96San Francisco, CA $3.33 $7.45 $10.79Seattle, WA $4.63 $9.01 $13.64Washington, DC $3.21 $4.51 $7.72

Analysis Process

•Analysis of Water Use by Meter – Daily, Seasonal and Annual

•Use Profile

•Wastewater Generation Analysis

•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities

•Economic Analysis of Water / Sewer

•Quantify Potential Savings

•Conceptual Design & Capital and O&M Cost of Projects to Achieve Potential Savings

Use Profile

•Wastewater Generation Analysis

•Toilet Flushing/Showers/Food Related

•Laundry

•Laboratory

•Cooling Towers and Power Plant Blowdowns

•Academic Laboratory Equipment

•Other

Cost Analysis

•Financial Situation – Existing

•Using Existing and Projected Water & Sewer Rate

•Annual Water Cost

•Annual Sewer Cost

Opportunities Identification

•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities

•Conservation

•Reuse

•Toilets

•Cooling Towers

•Irrigation

•Independent Laundry Reuse Systems

•Others

Evaluation

•Conceptual Design and Capital and O&M Costs of Projects to Achieve Potential Savings

•Simple Financial Analysis

•Payback Plan

•Return on Investment

Non – Domestic Water Conservation Opportunities – Project 1

•Collect

•CUP Cooling Tower and Boiler Blowdown

•RO Rejects

•Vacuum Pump Cooling Water

•Roof Rainwater

•Humidifier Condensates

•Treat water at Facility

•Reuse Treated Effluent for Cooling Tower Make-Up

•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $3.4 million could be spent

Water Quantity Savings Potential 108,000 gpd

Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $339,000/yr

Non – Domestic Water Conservation Opportunities – Project 2

•Evaluate Underground Use of a Location for Stormwater/Wastewater Storage/Treatment Facility

•Treat Stormwater/Wastewater for non-potable water use

•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $5.6 million could be spent

Water Quantity Savings Potential 179,000 gpd

Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $560,000/yr

Dispersal Systems

Dispersal - Drip Irrigation

Drip Field

LEACHFIELD PRSSSURE

DISTRIBUTION TEST

LEACHFIELD (BURIED)

Disinfection + Emerging

Contaminants Removal

•UV

•Ozone

Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA

Ozone – UV Disinfection

Questions / Answers