Water resource, utilization and

development in southern India

Water resources of India• Although India occupies only 3.29 million km2

geographical area, which forms 2.4% of the world’s land area, it supports over 15% of the world’s population.

• The population of India as on 1 March 2001 stood at 1,027,015,247 persons.

• Thus, India supports about 1/6th of world population, 1/50thof world’s land and 1/25th of world’s water resources.

• The total utilizable water resources of the country are assessed as 1086 km3.

Southern India

Southern India• States :

AndhraPradesh

Karnataka

Kerala

Tamilnadu

Pondicherry

A& N Islands

Lakshadweep

Rivers:

Godavari Krishna Cauveri Pennar

Irrigation projects constructed before 1950 AD

states Name of the project

Name of river on which

constructed

Period Area irrigated ( Mha)

Andhra Pradesh

Godavari Delta

Godavari 1890 0.35

Madras Presidency

Krishna

Delta ProjectKrishna 1898 0.60

Irrigation projects

constructed during first three five year plans

Andhra Pradesh:Name of the project Plan & Year Ultimate

benefit ( Mha)

Nagarjuna Sugar 1st ( 1956) 0.83

Tungabhadra high level 2nd ( 1958) 0.04

Pochampad 3rd ( 1963) 0.27

Tamilnadu and Kerala:Name of the project Plan & Year Ultimate

benefit ( Mha)

Parambiklam Aliyar ( TN) 2nd ( 1958) 0.10

Kallada ( KE) 3rd ( 1962) 0.11

KarnatakaName of the project Plan & Year Ultimate

benefit ( Mha)

Bhadra Reservoir 1st ( 1947) 0.10

Ghataprabha Stage -2 2nd ( 1956) 0.05

Kabina Reservoir 2nd ( 1959) 0.05

Malaprabha 3rd ( 1965) 0.21

Upper Krishna Stage-1 3rd ( 1964) 0.41

Irrigation potential and utilization through Major and Medium Irrigation

ProjectsStates Ultimate

irrigation potential

Benefit up to 1991-92

POT UTL

Target for eighth plan ( 1992-97)

POT UTL

Andhra Pradesh 5000 3410.9 3214.3 419.0 208.0

Karnataka 2500 1497.5 1307.6 401.0 361.0

Kerala 1000 669.5 669.5 148.0 148.0

Tamilnadu 1500 1470.8 1457.6 100.3 10.6

Pondicherry 11 5 5 2.5 2.5

(Thousand hectares)

Irrigation potential and utilization through Minor Irrigation Schemes

States Ultimate irrigation potential

Benefit up to 1991-92

POT UTL

Target for eighth plan ( 1992-97)

POT UTL

Andhra Pradesh 4200 2871.5 2649.2 500 400

Karnataka 2100 1449.8 1406.1 220 200

Kerala 1100 515.4 487.5 100 85

Tamilnadu 2400 2125.2 2119.6 110 107

(Thousand hectares)

Gross and Net Cropped and Irrigated Area

( 1994-95 Provisional)Zone/ State Cultivated area

N G

Irrigated area

N G

% net irrigated area to net

Cultivated area

Andhra Pradesh 10365 12783 3959 5185 38.2

Karnataka 10419 12013 2325 2923 22.3

Kerala 2239 3048 358 506 16.0

Tamilnadu 5790 7026 2902 3588 50.1

Pondicherry 27 46 23 36 85.2

A & N Islands 38 46 NA NA NA

Lakshadweep 3 4 NA NA NA

(Thousand hectares)

Net Area Irrigated by source ( 1994-95 Provisional)

Zone/ State Canals Tanks Tube wells

Other wells

Other source

s

total net irrigated

area

Andhra Pradesh 1606 692 598 880 183 3959

Karnataka 927 249 358 455 336 2325

Kerala 112 53 76 NA 117 358

Tamilnadu 844 674 185 1184 15 2902

Pondicherry 9 NA 14 NA NA 23

A & N Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA

Lakshadweep NA NA NA NA NA NA

(Thousand hectares)