Water Management

Water resource management is the activity of planning, developing,

distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources. It is a sub-set of water cycle management. Ideally,

water resource management planning has regard to all the competing demands for water and seeks to allocate water on an

equitable basis to satisfy all uses and demands.

Cultivated is extremely sensitive to water shortages. Good water management

practices are needed to keep usage at optimum levels and to maximize the

production.

•Proper creation and maintenance of field channels for water delivery•Land levelling that allows water to be evenly distributed and retained•Tilling operations that include field bund preparation, water puddling and maintenance•Bucket drip irrigation•Treadle pumps

Pre-planting steps that help with water management include:

Toolsimplements and methods

A canal is an artificial channel generally trapezoidal in shape constructed on the

ground to carry water to the field either from the river of from a reservoir.

Drip irrigation, also known as trickle irrigation or micro irrigation or localized irrigation, is an irrigation method that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of plants, either onto the soil surface or directly onto the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters.

A Surface irrigation (gravity) system is a cheap effective way to provide water for a smaller sized crop area. The basic system is very simple consisting of an elevated reservoir with a pipe coming out the bottom that feeds water into a basic canal or drip irrigation system. A technique where water is applied and distributed over the soil surface by gravity

Furrow irrigation is conducted by creating small parallel channels along the field length in the direction of predominant slope. Water is applied to the top end of each furrow and flows down the field under the influence of gravity.

Center pivot irrigation is a form of sprinkler irrigation consisting of several segments of pipe joined together and supported by trusses, mounted on wheeled towers with sprinklers positioned along its length. The system moves in a circular pattern and is fed with water from the pivot point at the center of the arc. 

Irrigation by Lateral move (side roll, wheel line, wheelmove) A series of pipes, each with a wheel permanently affixed to its midpoint, and sprinklers along its length, are coupled together.

A reservoir is a natural or artificial place where water is collected and stored for use, especially water for supplying a community, irrigating land, furnishing power.

Tank or cistern is a container for the storage of a liquid.

A dam is barrier constructed across a waterway to control the flow or raise the level of water.

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.

Irrigation sprinklers are sprinklers providing irrigation to vegetation. Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. Is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to natural rainfall.

A watering can (or watering pot) is a portable container, usually with a handle and a spout, used to water plants by hand. 

 A pipe is a hollow cylinder or tube used to conduct a liquid, gas, or finely divided solid.

A nozzle projecting part with an opening, as at the end of a hose, for regulating and directing a flow of fluid.

 A well is a deep hole or shaft sunk into the earth to obtain water, oil, gas, or brine.

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