washington youth soccer goal keeper's basic guide - english
DESCRIPTION
A basic guide for coaches to use while training their goal keepers.TRANSCRIPT
GOALKEEPING - BASIC GUIDE
By: Gary White – Technical Director
GOALKEEPING – A BASIC GUIDE
Compiled by: Gary White – Technical Director
OVERVIEW
1. BASIC SELECTION CRITERIA
2. KEY TECHNICAL SKILLS
3. KEY TACTICAL BEHAVIORS
4. ASPECTS TO CONSIDER FOR PRACTICES
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There was a time – not so long ago in fact – when the role of the goalkeeper was considered
to be less important than that of the other players in the team.
Nowadays, the situation has changed considerably. In the modern game, all players are
considered to be on an equal footing, irrespective of the position they play. Despite this,
there are many specialists who feel that the goalkeeper has a special place in the team,
since his/her performance can determine whether a team wins or loses a match. Even though
a goalkeeper must, wherever possible, be given individual training at the hands of a specialist
coach, they also have to take part in training sessions with the whole team, thereby allowing
them to be confronted with real match situations.
This presentation focuses on the basic techniques and rudimentary tactical skills needed for
the development of the modern goalkeeper and has been compiled utilizing the expertise
shared by FIFA, The FA and other global goalkeeper experts.
Enjoy – Gary White, Washington Youth Soccer Technical Director
Introduction
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BASIC SELECTION CRITERIA
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The „Set Position‟• The feet should be approximately shoulder width apart
• The weight should be on the front half of the feet ensuring a balanced position
• The body weight needs to be slightly forward
• The knees need to be slightly flexed with the hips square to the ball
• Keep the head still and keep ‘the nose in front of the toes’
• The elbows need to be narrow with the chest facing the ball
• The hands need to be front of the bodyline and approximately ball width apart
• ‘Prepare the hands early’
These are general guidelines. Questions will be posed as to what is the correct hand position. The goalkeeper will naturally use a position that feels comfortable and therefore they will vary. As a general statement-
‘ If the goalkeeper feels comfortable and has a good and consistent handling of the ball then it is not a problem. However, if handling techniques are inconsistent then hand position may need changing’.
The ‘Set position’ will obviously alter slightly due to the physiological make-up of the goalkeeper but generally the principles remain the same:
• The goalkeeper’s starting position in relation to the ball
• Movement into line of the ball
• The Set Position as the ball is struck
• The assessment as to which technique will be most appropriate
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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The „W‟ Techniques
TECHNICAL SKILLS
• The hands need to be brought from being in front of the line of the ball into the line of trajectory of the ball with chest square.
• The hands are prepared with the palms facing the ball with the fingers spread and the thumbs forming the ‘W’ shape.
• The elbows need to be slightly flexed to act as ‘shock absorbers’ when the contact of the hands is made with the ball.
• The contact with the ball needs to be made approximately 15-18 inches in front of the body.
• ‘Soft hands- Strong Wrists’.
• ‘Keep the eyes on the back of the ball’.
Common problems:
• The goalkeeper’s head is not still and the head retracts as the catch is made, thus making the goalkeeper
unbalanced.
• The goalkeeper’s elbows are not flexed enough, which ‘flattens’ the hand shape which often leads to the ball
catching the end of the goalkeeper’s fingers.
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The „Cup‟ Technique
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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• Once the ball has been struck move the body as little as possible
• While in a balanced ‘set position’, the footwork may need to be
adjusted slightly laterally as the ball travels towards the goalkeeper
• Keeping the chest square to the ball the hands need to be brought
forward in front of the bodyline
• ‘Prepare the lines early’
• The elbows need to be tucked in with the palms facing up and the
fingers spread
• ‘Soft hands-Strong wrists’
• The feet now need to be planted solidly in preparation for the catch
• On impact the ball is taken into the midriff with the palms securing
the ball
Common problems:
•The goalkeeper jumping up as the catch is made, or the goalkeeper’s
bodyweight going backwards therefore he/she is unbalanced as the
catch is made
The „Scoop‟ Technique
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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• Collapse at the knees to the ‘K’ position
• Open the palms up to face the ball with the fingers
spread
• Lead with the hands which brings the bodyweight
forward
• Keep the head still and the eyes focused on the ball
• Bring the shoulders forward over the hands
• The elbows should be slightly flexed to cushion the
impact of the ball
• ‘Soft hands-strong wrists’
• As the palms make contact with the ball, scoop the
ball into the chest while bringing the bodyweight
forward and ‘complete the save’
• ‘Recovery saves’ – to gather the ball if the ball comes
off the goalkeeper
• ‘Recover lines’- to defend the goal if that is the better
option
Catching - Low Shots
• Using quick sideways steps if you have time
to bring the body behind the ball
• Stretching out arms and hands to meet the
ball far away from the goal
• Opening hands and keeping elbows close
together
• Moving the body forward towards the ball
going down on knees
• Securing the ball in front of the body
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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Catching - In the Air
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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• Running forward out of the goal
• Facing the ball while running out to save the
high cross
• Taking the most direct route to that point
where a field player can touch the ball first
to save it
• Take off with the leg closer to the ball
• Using the other leg as a dynamic impulse
for jumping high and as a shield against
approaching attackers
• Catching the ball at its highest point
possible
• If catching is not safe , punching it with both
or one hand far away out of the box
•Landing on both feet
The „Collapsing Save‟
TECHNICAL SKILLS
This technique is used when the ball is played down the side of the body but close to the feet. It is also
appropriate if the goalkeeper does not have time to move into line and use the ‘scoop’ technique.
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• The goalkeeper needs to collapse at the knees while
ensuring that the nearest or leading hand goes behind the
line of the ball.
• The other hand would follow the leading hand ensuring that
the bodyweight comes forward in preparation for contact
with the ball.
• The leading hand goes behind the ball with the other hand
securing it on top- ‘Soft hands- strong wrists’.
• The bodyweight now follows naturally in behind the ball to
make a second barrier.
• In the ideal situation the contact with the ball would be
made in front of the body with the elbows slightly flexed
andtucked in.
• The head is then placed in behind the ball with the eyes
focused to ensure the ball is secured.
• In the event of the ball coming off the goalkeeper there is a
‘recovery save’ or the goalkeeper should make a ‘recovery
line’ to defend the goal.
The „High Diving‟ Save
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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• ‘W’ technique for hand position.
• Elbows flexed.
• Eyes focused on the ball between the
flexed elbows.
• Securing the ball on impact as the body
hits the floor
• Technique of ‘deflecting’ to safe areas-
‘Strong wrists-big palm’.
• The techniques of ‘parrying’ to safe
areas,
• Recovery saves to gather the ball.
• Recovery lines to defend the goal.
• On ball hand guiding the diving body
•Tension on the deflecting hand
• Quick step to the side for diving to jump with
the on ball foot
• Diving to the ball, bodyline Straight from
jumping leg to the saving hand
• Eyes always focused on the ball
• Off ball hand taking over to the ball after
having got it
TECHNICAL SKILLS
Deflecting- on ground shots
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• Quick short steps
• Push off for diving with the on ball foot
• Pushing the guiding hand towards the ball
• On ball hand (close to the ball) guides the
body
• Diving straight on to the ball (direct route)
• Giving tension on the hand for saving the
hard shot
• Pushing the ball sideways if no possibility
to catch it with both hands
TECHNICAL SKILLS
Deflecting – Half Way Balls
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• Running backwards to the goal line before
jumping to save the high ball with one hand
• Always observing the ball
• Jumping to the ball when it falls down close to the
bar
• Facing the bar when pushing the ball over it
TECHNICAL SKILLS
Deflecting - Near the Bar
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Punching
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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• Building a fist of the hand
• Hitting the ball with the basic parts
of the finger
• Punching the high ball out of the
box
• Extending the ball in its flying
direction by the punch
• Punching with the ‘on ball hand’
• Using both hands together for
punching the ball straight away
The goalkeeper needs to display extremely fast footwork and
complete coordination for all the movements that they make.
TECHNICAL SKILLS
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Distribution and Communication
Key-points of execution
TACTICAL BEHAVIOR
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• Play to the feet or in front of the player to
lead them into space from the feet or
hands
• Clear the ball high and wide , get them
out, clear your lines as the ball moves out
• Utilize GK to relieve pressure and play out
of the back
• Lead from the back with clear, calm and
concise information
• Stay connected
Dealing with Crosses
TACTICAL BEHAVIOUR
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• Stance and body language of the goalkeeper needs to be ‘positive’.
• Assessment of the flight of the ball.
• Decision of whether to come for the ball or let the defenders deal with it.
• Communication of the goalkeeper decision- ‘Loud, clear, calm and concise’.
• ‘AWAY!’- Goalkeeper recovers to defend the goal.
• Communication to defenders- pushing out/marking positions.
• „KEEPER!‟- Angle and speed of the goalkeepers’ approach should be the quickest and
shortest route.
• Timing and angle of the goalkeepers take off- take off inside leg if possible
• Technique of catching at the highest and safest point- ‘elbows slightly flexed see the ball
into the hands’.
• If the keeper needs to punch the ball- ‘height, distance, and width’.
• Two fisted or one fisted- ‘through the bottom and the middle of the ball’.
• Recovery lines to defend the goal- appropriate footwork.
• The roles of the Keeper: Communication, Protection and Covering the goal
• Coming out from the goal line towards the ball carrier
slowly, always ready to react sideways
• Short steps observing the ball movements only
• Spreading the body as wide as possible by holding
the hands to the sides and standing safely on the
balls of both feet aware of a sudden shot
• Meeting the attacker as far away from the goal as
possible
• If the ball is played to one side, one step and dive at
once to the ball to catch or push it away
• If the player hesitates close to the keeper suddenly
dive on the ball
• Goal mouth geography
Duel 1 vs. 1
Key-points of execution
TACTICAL BEHAVIOR
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Key-points of execution
PositioningWhen the ball is inside the box & when it is away from your goal
TACTICAL BEHAVIOR
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• Moving always with composure but highly
alert
• Moving with short steps always observing
the ball
• Securing the angle to the near post
• Position in relation to the ball and staying
connected
Key-points of execution
Shortening - the goal line
TACTICAL BEHAVIOR
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• Starting in the middle of the goal line
and the ball when moving out of the
goal
• Moving out slowly when the opponent is
in possession always ready to react
sideways to a shot
• Delaying the opponent’s dribbling
• Waiting for the first action of the
opponent
• Leaving the goal line just for a short
distance to avoid chip
• Use your posts to narrow the angel
Key-points of execution
• Positioning from the middle of the goal
line about one step back to the far post
• Ready one step off the goal line
• Always facing the ball at the corner
• Observing the players in front of you for
organizing the defense and for possibly
coming out to the ball
• Securing the near post and far post
areas
Positioning - at corner kick
TACTICAL BEHAVIOR
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• Practice individually and within groups of field players
• Short sequences of action
• Practicing actions which are required in the game
• Practicing as field player within games
• Additional practice in other kinds of sports
(i.e. Basketball)
SOME ASPECTS TO CONSIDER FOR PRACTICES
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A good goalkeeper is half of a team„s victory
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“A good goalkeeper will make a mistake every six matches; a very good
goalkeeper will do so every nine matches; an excellent goalkeeper might
commit a blunder every 12 matches; and the really top-level,
international-level goalkeepers will make a mistake every 15 matches.”Alan Hodgkinson, former goalkeeping coach of the Scottish National Team