warm up which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. unconscious mind, primitive...

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Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous system 4. Socioeconomic, culture 5. Observable behaviors, reinforcement/punishment 6. Memory, thought process

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Page 1: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

Warm upWhich approach comes to mind for each of the

following…

1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality

2. Self-actualization3. Brain, nervous system4. Socioeconomic, culture5. Observable behaviors,

reinforcement/punishment6. Memory, thought process

Page 2: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

Psychologist- individuals who have been trained to observe, analyze and evaluate behavior.

Psychiatrist- Treat individuals with disturbed behavior. Psychiatrist CAN prescribe medicine.

SOOO… who actually uses these approaches?!

Page 3: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY

Why study animals and humans?

Page 4: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

GOAL #1 - DESCRIBEGather information about a behavior being studied

Present what is known

What is a behavior?

Page 5: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

GOAL #2- EXPLANATIONBeyond just stating facts

WHY

Psychological principles- valid ideas about behavior

Proposed as a hypothesis

Complex explanations : THEORIES

Page 6: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

GOAL #3- PREDICTIONAFTER knowledge has been accumulated

What is my dog going to do next?How will Lanae feel when her mom yells at

her?

Study past behaviors

Page 7: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

GOAL #4- INFLUENCEBasic science- research

How can what we already know help others?Applied science- solve problems

Page 8: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

How do we know this is accurate?SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Facts are based on data through RESEARCH

Page 9: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

PAGE 36-41: RESEARCHSTEP ONE-

STEP TWO-

STEP THREE-

Page 10: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

SAMPLEREPRESENTATIVE

NONREPRESENTATIVE

Page 11: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

AVOIDING NONREPRESENTATIVE1.

2.

Page 12: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

How far can an average 50 year old man run?

Representative- includes a wide variety of 50 year old men

Nonrepresentative- includes a variety of 50 year old men, 95% who are marathon runners

Page 13: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

METHODSNaturalistic Observation- observes the

individual/animal in their natural setting (unaware)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3np1TeltSU

What is a PRO about this method?

Page 14: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

METHODSCase Study- intensive study on one or more

individuals

These can NOT be generalized!!!

Page 15: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

METHODSSurveys- many individuals asked a

set of questions

Page 16: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

METHODSLongitudinal Study- Same group of

individuals studied at set intervals for a long range of time.

Focus on change in characteristics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM-yKeJg-So

Page 17: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

METHODSCross-Sectional Studies- data is collected

from groups of different ages then compared

What might this type of study help psychologists figure out?

Page 18: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

CorrelationRelationship between two sets of data

Can be positive OR negative, or show no correlation

Correlation does NOT equal causation

Page 19: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

EXPERIMENTSHow would this differ from the

previous research methods?

Page 20: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

EXPERIMENTScontrol the situationVariable-factor which is capable of change

INDEPENDENT VS. DEPENDENT

The experimenter can change or alter

Experimental group is exposed to this variable

Changes in relation to the independent variable (if there is an affect)

Page 21: Warm up Which approach comes to mind for each of the following… 1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality 2. Self-actualization 3. Brain, nervous

We are becoming psychologists!