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Property of GCPS Accelerated Programs and Gifted Education 1

NOTES ON UNIT 3

The Road to Revolution

COMPARING THE COLONIESNew England

ColoniesMiddle Colonies Southern

Colonies

Land and

Climate

cold; rugged terrain with rocky

soil

milder climate; rich soils

mildest climate; rich soils

Farming small family farms

larger farms; wheat large plantations; tobacco, rice, silk,

indigo

Other Industry

shipbuilding, whaling, fishing,

and furniture building

manufacturing, mining, textiles,

shipbuilding

casks and barrels from

longleaf pine forests

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Called “Seven Years War” in England. War between France and England that

began in 1754 Britain won and these were the results: Britain gained Canada Britain gets Ohio River valley Britain gets Florida from Spain (because

they allied with the French) France loses all land in North America **The huge debt Britain had led to increased

taxes on the colonies and eventually the American Revolution

PROCLAMATION OF 1763 Set Georgia’s southern border at the St.

Mary’s river and western border at the Mississippi River.

Forbid anyone from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

STAMP ACT Passed in 1765 to raise money for the

French and Indian War Taxed newspapers, legal documents,

and licenses Greatly opposed by many colonists The Georgia Gazette (1st Newspaper

was shut down)

BOSTON MASSACRE

BOSTON TEA PARTY

INTOLERABLE ACTS A group of 4 laws passed by Great Britain

in response to the patriots actions They closed the port of Boston, forbid the

people from having a town meeting, British soldiers would be tried in Great Britain if they committed a crime, and the people were required to house and feed British soldiers at their expense(Quartering Act)

In 1774, all the colonies, EXCEPT Georgia, met at the 1st Continental Congress to protest these laws

UNHAPPY WITH BRITISH ACTS

Great Britain needed money; much debt and security expenses resulted from the French and Indian War

Sugar Act: tax on sugar and molasses imported from the West Indies

Stamp Act: tax on newspapers, legal documents, and licenses

Georgians disapproved of these acts

1ST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Held in response to Intolerable Acts Decision was made to boycott trade

with Great Britain Georgia was the only colony that

did not send representation because:Smallest and youngest colonyRelied on Britain for defense and

economic support

1ST POLITICAL CARTOON Created by Benjamin Franklin Georgia is missing….Why? What does the cartoon mean?

THE BIG QUESTION http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/big_questi

on1. Name 3 of the laws or acts that the British

parliament passed that were seen as unfair by the citizens of the colony.

2. What was the colony in the North that seemed to be the center of the rebellion and whose people were referred to as “hotheads”?

3. What were the names of two groups that were rebelling against British authority?

4. Why did some of the colonists support British rule?

5. What do you think might have happened to the Georgia colony if the citizens had not joined the rebellion against Great Britain?

THE LIBERTY BOYS Georgians who came together to oppose the

Stamp Act Part of larger group, the “Sons of Liberty” Some called them “Liberty Brawlers” Met in taverns, such as Savannah’s Tondee’s

Tavern Georgia only colony to actually sell the

stamps Stamp Act was eventually repealed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-9pDZMRCp

Q

LEXINGTON AND CONCORD The first battles of the American

Revolution “The shot heard round the World” Paul Revere’s ride http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8ToUlFH_AM

http://www.revolutionarywaranimated.com/LexingtonAnimation.html

2ND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Petitioned king to stop hostile actions Formed 1st Continental Army with

George Washington as commander Held in response to growing conflicts

with the King.“Taxation with Representation”No response to boycott of trade with Britain

Wrote and signed the Declaration of Independence.

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE Passed by the Second Continental

Congress Signed by 3 Georgians Declared independence from Great

Britain and that the 13 colonies were 1 nation

Primary Author was Thomas Jefferson

Intro.- Preamble Body- Complaints against King Conclusion- US is a separate Nation

BUTTON GWINNETT Represented Georgia at the Second

Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Killed in a duel with another politician Our county is named after him

LYMAN HALL Was the first person sent to represent

GA to the 2nd Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Was declared an “enemy of the crown”

after signing the Declaration of Independence

Has a county in GA named after him

GEORGE WALTON Represented Georgia at the Second

Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Youngest signer of the Declaration of

Independence

THE LIBERTY BOYS http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/liberty_

boys1. Who was the governor of the colony during

this time period?2. What was the name given to those who were

loyal to Great Britain? What was the name given to those who supported the idea of separation from Great Britain?

3. What did the Stamp Act require of the colonists? What was the argument of the colonists against this act?

4. What was the name of the rowdy group of young men who were opposing British rule?

5. When and where were the opening battle of the Revolution fought?

PATRIOTS Citizens who were ready to break free from

England and form their own nation, also called Whigs (ex. Liberty Boys or Liberty Brawlers)

LOYALISTS People who were loyal to the king during

the revolution, also called Tories or the “King’s Friends”

BATTLE OF KETTLE CREEK The first real victory for the Georgia

militia over the British Not a major battle, but important to

lifting the morale of Georgians Gained weapons and horses from the

British

ELIJAH CLARKE Led the Georgia militia to victory in the

Battle of Kettle Creek a county in GA is named after him (the

smallest one in the state)

AUSTIN DABNEY A black man who fought with Elijah

Clark at the Battle of Kettle Creek Saved Elijah Clarke’s Life.. Received land after the revolution as

compensation for his service, but it was debated since he was black

NANCY HART A Georgia Heroine of the revolution who

has many legends about her While 5 British soldiers were in her

house, she killed 1 and held the others at gunpoint

Example of the Revolutionary spirit in GA

The only county in GA named after a woman is named after her

SIEGE OF SAVANNAH http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/

savannah_under_attack1. When was the Battle of Savannah

fought?2. Name two countries (allies) who

supported the colonists in the battle.3. How did the colonists first attempt to

defeat the British?4. What were three advantages the

colonists were supposed to have when they attached the British?

5. Did the colonist actually win the battle?

SIEGE OF SAVANNAH In 1779, a combined French and American

force attacked Savannah (controlled by the British)

Nearly 1000 men died and the Americans lost. The city remained in the hands of the British for 3 ½ more years

GEORGIA COLONY Proprietary Colony

A colony run by group of people and run like a business (ex. Trustees)

Trustee Colony to Royal ColonyTrustee Colony was governed by the

TrusteesRoyal Colony was governed by the

king, through an appointed governor.

REVOLUTIONARY WAR TIMELINE Lexington and Concord

Started the Revolutionary War“Shot Heard Around The World”

SaratogaTurning point of the WarAcquired needed supplies from British

YorktownLast Battle of Revolutionary WarOfficial surrender from General

Cornwallis to George Washington Treaty of Paris of 1783

Official end of Revolutionary War

MAP OF TIMELINE EVENTS

Lexington and Concord

Saratoga

Yorktown

Siege of Savannah

Kettle Creek

THE END OF WAR IS NEAR!?

KEY GEORGIA POLITICIANS Reynolds, Ellis, Wright (Royal

Governors) Lyman Hall, Button Gwinnett,

George Walton (DOI signers from GA)

Noble Wimberly JonesMost outspoken politician that favored

IndependenceElected as the Speaker of the Georgia

Colonial Assembly