vtp protocol

7/26/2019 Vtp Protocol

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19 Jan 2015 S Ward Abingdon and Witney College 1

VLAN Trunkingprotocol

CCNA Exploration Semester 3

Chapter 4


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19 Jan 2015 S Ward Abingdon andWitne College

2

Topics

!he role o" #$AN !r%n&ing 'roto(ol )#!'*

+peration o" #!'

Con"ig%re #!' on s,it(hes


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3

Semester 3

LAN Design

Basic Switch

Concepts

VLANs

VTP

STP

Inter-VLAN

routing

ireless


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4

Purpose o! VTP

-o% (an (reate #$ANs on a s,it(h.

What i" o% ha/e the same #$ANs on 10

lin&ed s,it(hes +r 100 lin&ed s,it(heso o% ha/e to (reate the #$ANs on e/er

s,it(h and allo, them on ea(h tr%n&

#!' helps.

%t o% still ha/e to assign a((ess ports to

#$ANs on ea(h s,it(h.


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VTP "omain

ro%p o" laer 2 s,it(hes sharing #$AN data.

Ends at ro%ter or laer 3 s,it(h.

S,it(h (an be lin&ed b%t not part o" domain.Ea(h s,it(h (an belong to onl one domain.

omain is de"ined b its name.

'roprietar to Cis(o so all s,it(hes indomain m%st be Cis(o s,it(hes.


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VTP ser#er

+ne s,it(h a(ts as ser/er.

Create #$ANs on this s,it(h.

6n"ormation sa/ed in /lan.dat.Ser/er sends #$AN in"ormation to (lient

s,it(hes o/er a(ti/e tr%n& lin&s.

Add delete rename #$ANs on ser/er.e"a%lt mode o" s,it(h is ser/er.


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VTP client

Client re(ei/es #$AN in"ormation "rom ser/er.

Client s,it(hes then ha/e the same #$ANs

as the ser/er.Client does not sa/e #$AN in"ormation. 6t is

held onl in 8A and lost i" s,it(h is

po,ered o"".


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:

VTP mo"es

Ser/er ; de"a%lt mode. Sends #$AN

in"ormation to other s,it(hes.

Client ; re(ei/es #$AN in"ormation and"or,ards it to other s,it(hes.

!ransparent ; "or,ard #!' tra""i( b%t do not

originate or %se it. !he (an ha/e their o,n

#$ANs not shared ,ith other s,it(hes.


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VTP "e!aults

#ersion 1. )#ersions 2 and 3 also exist.*

#!' domain name is not set.

#!' mode ser/er+ne a(ti/e #$AN #$AN 1

Con"ig%ration re/ision n%mber 0

An s,it(hes added to a domain sho%ld be inthe de"a%lt (ondition or the ma send

%n,anted in"ormation to other s,it(hes.


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Show #tp status

#!' #ersion axim%m #$ANs S%pported N%mber o" Existing #$ANs

#!' +perating ode< ser/er (lient or transparent. #!' omain Name #!' 'r%ning ode #!' #2 ode )disabled b de"a%lt* #!' !raps eneration 5 igest )(he(&s%m o" #!' (on"ig%ration* Con"ig%ration $ast odi"ied


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VTP a"#ertisements

Consist o" #!' header and #!' message

En(aps%lated inside Ethernet "rame ,ith tag

to pass o/er tr%n& lin&.estination AC address is m%lti(ast

address 01


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VTP message hea"er

omain name

omain name length

#ersion < #!' 1 or #!' 2 on Cis(o 290s,it(h.

Con"ig%ration re/ision n%mber

+ther "ields depending on tpe o" message.


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Con!iguration re#ision num$er

32


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Summar% a"#ertisement

Sent immediatel a"ter a (hange is made

,ith %pdated re/ision n%mber.

Sent e/er 5 min%tes b ser/ers and (lientsto (he(& on (%rrent #!' (on"ig%ration

re/ision n%mber.

Contains the #!' domain name the (%rrent

re/ision n%mber and other #!' (on"ig%rationdetails.


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VTP Summar% a"#ertisement

A s,it(h re(ei/es a s%mmar ad/ertisement.

Compares domain name to its o,n domain name.

6" name is di""erent the s,it(h ignores the pa(&et.

6" the name is the same the s,it(h (ompares the

re/ision n%mber to its o,n re/ision n%mber.

N%mber higher or e=%al ignored the pa(&et.

N%mber lo,er sends an ad/ertisement re=%est.


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&e'uest A"#ertisement

Sent b (lient to ser/er i">

!he #!' domain name has been (hanged

!he s,it(h re(ei/es a s%mmarad/ertisement ,ith a higher (on"ig%ration

re/ision n%mber than its o,n

A s%bset ad/ertisement message is missed

"or some reason

!he s,it(h has been reset


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Su$set a"#ertisement

Contains #$AN in"ormation. Se/eral ma be

needed i" there is a lot o" in"ormation.

Sent b ser/er in response to a re=%est ora"ter> Creating or deleting a #$AN

S%spending or a(ti/ating a #$AN

Changing the name o" a #$AN

Changing the !? o" a #$AN


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1:

Su$set a"#ertisement

#ersion Code Se=


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Su$set a"#ertisement VLAN in!o

#$AN6S$ #$AN 6 !? si@e

:02.10 index

#$AN name )padded to m%ltiple o" 4 btes*


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Pros an" cons

Small net,or& ; dont bother ,ith #!'.ig net,or& ; good "or (onsisten( and

easier to ma&e (hanges.Ser/er s,it(hes need lots o" "lash memor

(lients do not.8ed%ndan( ; dont ha/e e/erthing on one

ser/er s,it(h.'roblems "rom large domains.Extreme (are ,hen adding a s,it(h.


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h% transparent(

'%t a s,it(h in transparent mode i" it has

lo(al #$ANs that are not on other s,it(hes.

!he other s,it(hes do not need to &no,

abo%t them.


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VTP pruning

isabled b de"a%lt

Enable it on one ser/er in domain.

Stops #$AN tra""i( "rom being sent on lin&sthat do not lead to de/i(es on that #$AN.

C%ts do,n on tra""i( on tr%n& lin&s.


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Domain names an" passwor"s

Con"ig%re a domain name on the "irst ser/er

s,it(h. !he other s,it(hes ,ill learn it.

6" o% (on"ig%re it on other s,it(hes (he(&

that it is exa(tl the same. 6t is (ase sensiti/e.

6" o% %se a pass,ord then it m%st be exa(tl

the same on all s,it(hes.


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Versions

#!' /ersion 1 is %sed b de"a%lt on Catalst

s,it(hes b%t the (an %se /ersion 2.

6" o% (on"ig%re /ersion 2 on one s,it(h then

the other s,it(hes sho%ld learn the ne,

/ersion and (hange to it.

6" a s,it(h is not (apable o" r%nning /ersion 2

then it ,ill not ex(hange ad/ertisements.


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Con!igure VTP

Con"ig%re #!' ,ith a domain name be"ore

(reating #$ANs on the ser/er.

Existing #$ANs are remo/ed ,hen o% start

to (on"ig%re #!'.

Che(& that lin&s are tr%n& lin&s.

Con"ig%re (lient s,it(hes to (lient mode.


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Comman"s on ser#er

SW1)(on"ig*B#tp "omain cisco)

SW1)(on"ig*B#tp passwor" cisco

)'ass,ord is optional*Ser/er mode is de"a%lt b%t i" it ,as (hanged>

SW1)(on"ig*B#tp mo"e ser#er

#ersion 1 is de"a%lt b%t (ommand is>SW1)(on"ig*B#tp #ersion )


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Comman"s on ser#er

Create #$ANs

Che(& that lin& is a tr%n&.

Che(& #!' operationSW1B show #tp status

Assign s,it(h ports to #$ANs.


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Client con!iguration

SW2)(on"ig*B#tp mo"e client

Che(& that lin& is a tr%n&.Che(& #!' operation

SW2B show #tp status

Assign s,it(h ports to #$ANs.


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Things to check

#!' #ersion. 6t needs to be the same on all

s,it(hes in the domain.

omain name. 6s it exa(tl the same on all

s,it(hes #!' 'ass,ord i" an. 6s it exa(tl the same on all

s,it(hes

Che(& that there is at least one ser/er. etter to

ha/e at least t,o.

6" o% re(entl added a ne, s,it(h had its re/ision

n%mber been set to 0


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19 Jan 2015 S Ward Abingdon and Witney College 30

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vtp protocol

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