Air barrier paper

The outer most covering of an air barrier, used to control airflow between a conditioned space and an unconditioned space.

Attic VentilationSoffit Vent- draws cool air into the attic as hot air rises

Ridge Vent- maximizes air flow across the entire underside of rood sheathing.

Attic VentilationGable Vent- creates proper air circulation during extreme climate conditions.

Roof Turbine- used to extract hot moist air from the attic using the wind.

Backhoe

-A piece of excavating equipment consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. Used to excavate a construction site.Width of Bucket- 24”

Batter Boards

- Horizontal boards nailed to posts set at the corners of an excavation, used to indicate the desired level, also indicates outline of foundation walls or perimeter of building.

Brick Arches

Tudor Jack

Arch with a Keystone

Centering-Temporary formwork used to support arches during construction

Brick bonds

Running Common

Rowlocks Headers

Soldiers Sailors

Stretcher rowlocks(shiners)

Brick Sizes

Bulldozer- A heavy, driver operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.

Cladding

Brick clad structure EFIS clad structure

Stone clad structure Wood board clad structure

Wood shingle-Wood shingles are thin and have smooth and sawn surfaces.-Wood shakes- are thicker and have a more rugged look to them.

Egress Window•Measurements of open area

•IBC requirements•A minimum clear opening of 5.7 square feet.•If its on the ground floor, a minimum of 5.0 square feet.•Minimum clear opening height of 24”•Minimum clear opening width of 20”•Bottom of clear opening not more than 44” AFF

Stair•Tread and Riser dimensions

•IBC code for Tread and Risers•Tread- a minimum of 10”•Riser- a maximum of 7-3/4”

Concrete JointsControl Joint- cracks that can open to accommodate shrinkage in surfaces made of concrete masonry

Isolation Joint- an expansion joint, between two adjacent structures which are not in physical contact.

CMU1 CMU= 3 brick courses

-Construction consisting of concrete masonry units laid up in mortar or grout. - Typical dimensions- 8x8x16”-Used for building load bearing walls and foundation.

Two different size CMU

Decorative concrete masonry units

Split block Ribbed block

Doors

Exterior flush door Exterior panel door

Transom- glazed panel above a door.

Sidelight- fixed, glazed panels on the side of a door.

Electrical Components

Power pole with a transformer Service head

Meter Service panel

Duplex Receptacle

Framing Elements

#1 -Anchor bolt #2 -Sill plate

#3 -Floor joist #4 -Subflooring

#5 -Sole plate #6 -Stud

#7 -Top plate #8 -Ceiling joist

#9 -Rafter #10 -Roof decking

#11 -Sheathing #12 -Stringer

Front End Loader•An earth moving machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading earth or rubble. •It loads quicker than a back hoe and a bulldozer and is more efficient too.

Gypsum Board-Prefabricated sheet material- sheets are 4’by 8’-14’ and ¼” to 1” thick.

Heat pumps

• Advantage• They are cheaper and make less noise than

other heat systems.• Disadvantage• Doesn’t do well in long winter climates,

requires back up heating system for these climates.

Compressor/Condenser- the compressor pushes the vapor through the pump. The condenser raises the pressure of the vapor which then cools it.

Air handling unit- a device used to condition and circulate air as part of the heating unit.

Insulation

Blanket insulation Loose fill insulation

Foamed insulation Rigid board insulation

Concrete Lintel•Lintel- a horizontal structural member, such as a beam or stone, that spans an opening, as between the uprights of a door or window.

Mortar

Mortar join #2

Oriented Strand Board- No veneered panel product that is formed by layering strands of wood in specific orientations.

PlumbingLavatorySize of piping: 1-1/2”

Water closetSize of piping: 3”

Manufactured tub set in framing prior to gypsum board being installed

Plumbing roof vent- helps the water to drain freely. Bathroom sink-

Plywood•Layers of wood veneer glued together.•Layers alternate directions at 90 degrees.•Veneer- a thin layer of finely grained wood, glued to an inferior surface.

Radiant barrier• a form of insulation that prevents solar heat conducted by the roof from radiating down towards the ceiling.

Rebar

Steep Roof DrainageGutter- a channel at the eaves or on the roof of a building, for carrying off rainwater.

Downspout- a vertical pipe for carrying rainwater from the gutter to the ground.

Splash block- A small masonry block with a concaved surface placed on the ground below a downspout at a sloping angle to carry roof drainage water away from a building and to prevent erosion of the soil.

Steep Roof MaterialsUnderlayment- asphalt impregnated paper used as a temporary weather proofing Clay tile roof

Shingle- small light weight units applied in overlapping layers.

Metal panel roof- aluminized steel.

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable roof Gambrel roof

Hip roof Mansard roof

Steep Roof TermsRidge- long narrow upper section of the roof formed by two sloping planes Valley- where two sloping roofs meet.

Eave- the edge of the roof. Rake- pitched edge of a gable roof.

Soffit- the horizontal underside of a roof overhang.

Fascia- a flat horizontal band around the roof’s perimeter.

Building without FasciaNo flat horizontal band around the roof.

Stone

Random rubble pattern Coursed rubble pattern

Random ashlars pattern Coursed ashlars pattern

Vapor Retarder-Prevents condensation of water vapor inside wall or ceiling materials.-Should be placed between the insulation and the conditioned space.

Waterproofing-Prevents water from entering or escaping various sections of building structures.- Liquid applied

Weep hole- A hole in the joint of the mortar of a brick wall, to allow water to escape the cavity.

Welded wire fabric-

WindowsDouble hung- two movable sashes that slide up or down in tracks

Sliding- one sash can slide horizontally past the other sash.

Fixed- Immovable sash