visual art sculpture and architecture
TRANSCRIPT
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HumanitiesVisual Art/Sculpture/Architecture
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Composition of the Art
• Subject Matter• Form• Content• Medium• Technique
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• Subject Matter
- anything that could ignite the artist’s imagination, prompting him to create.
Kinds:
a. Representational or Objective art
b. Non-representational or non-
objective art
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• Form– it includes all the visual aspects of the work.
Content
- it is what the artist is trying to express or communicate in his work.
Medium
- it is the means by which an artist translate his feelings and thoughts into form.
Technique
- it is how the artist selects and arranges his materials to achieve a specific effect.
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Visual Art
• Formal analysis
- centers on the medium and technique, concerned primarily with visual aesthetics and the organization of the elements
• Contextual analysis
- Concentrates on the aspects outside of the work.
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Elements of Visual Arts
• Line• Shape and Form• Value or tone• Color • Texture• Space
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Basic Kinds of Line• Horizontal lines
- suggest a feeling of rest, infinity and perfect stability.
• Vertical lines
- give an impression of height and dominance• Diagonal lines
- convey a feeling of action, movement, unrest or uncertainty
• Curved lines
- create a sense of smoothness, softness and continuity
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Shape and Form• Shape
– Is a two- dimensional figure and usually defined by lines.
Forms
- exist in three dimensions and can be viewed from more than one side
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Value or Tone• It is the juxtaposition of light and dark. The
lightness or darkness in anything that is visible.
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Chiaroscuro
- an Italian term in art for the contrast between light and dark.
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Color
• the light reflected off objects.
Properties:
Hue
Value
Intensity
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Color Harmony
• Complementary harmony
- two colors directly opposite one another on the color wheel.
• Analogous harmony
- colors which are adjacent to one another.• Triadic
- Three colors equally spaced.
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Texture• Actual texture
- the physical property of an art work.
• Visual texture
- influences our perception in viewing an art work.
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Space
- a dynamic visual element that interacts with all the other elements.
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The Principles of Design
• Balance• Rhythm• Emphasis and Subordination• Unity and Variety
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Balance- It is an equilibrium that result from looking at the images
and judging them against our ideas of physical structure, such as gravity, mass and volume.
Kinds:
Symmetrical (formal balance)
- having equal visual weight
Asymmetrical (informal balance)
- having an unequal visual weight
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Asymmetrical Balance
OblationBy Guillermo Tolentino
Symmetrical Balance
Death and LifeBy Gustav Klimt
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Rhythm
Flowing Rhythm
Regular Rhythm
Progressive Rhythm
Alternating Rhythm
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M.C EscherSky and Water
Progressive alternation ob positive( black birds)
and negative spaces (white background)
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Emphasis and Subordination
Emphasis
- drawing more attention to a certain parts of the composition.
Subordination
- purposely making other areas of the composition less visually interesting.
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Painting
• Refers to the application of color, pigment or paint to a surface or support.
Paint is made of pigment (powdered color) mixed in a vehicle or binder, a liquid that holds pigment particles together.
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PrintingTechniques:
a. Relief - a printing method in which the surface of the image to be printed is higher than its background.
b. Intaglio - the areas to be printed are lower than the surface of the printing plate.
c. Lithography – the printing surface is flat and not raised as in relief nor depressed as in intaglio, it heavily depends on the immiscible quality of oil and water.
d. Serigraphy – a screen printing process,
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Sculpture - a three-dimensional artwork which may be made through
different processes, such as carving, modeling, assembling or casting.
Types:
Relief – is a sculpture where figures are projected from a flat background.
Free standing – it is also called the round sculpture which may be viewed from more than one position.
Kinetic – sculpture which involves movement.
Ornamental- sculpture which are used for adornment.
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Architecture
• Refers to the art and science of designing and constructing buildings.
Principles of a good building:
a. Durability –refers to the power to resist stress or force, thus, making the structure lasting.
b. Utility – is the value of being of practical use to people.
c. Beauty – pertains to the quality of being pleasant to the senses, thus, giving delight to the onlookers.
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Mediums of Architecture
• Stone - it is strong in resisting pressure or compression but relatively weak when subjected to tension.
• Brick – sometimes made of baked clay or simply of sun-dried mud, shares some qualities of the stone, but it is not as strong.
• Wood – enables to withstand tension as compression, unlike stone.
• Structural steel – this material has tremendous strength, which allows it to resist both tension and compression.
• Reinforced concrete – resist both tension and compression.
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Construction Systems• Post-and-lintel - makes use of two vertical supports
(post) traversed by a horizontal beam (lintel)
• Arch – consists of separate pieces of wedge-shaped blocks arranged in semicircles.
• Truss- is a system of triangular forms brought together into a rigid framework.
• Cantilever – uses a beam that extends horizontally into space beyond its supporting post, yet strong enough to support walls and floors.
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Three Basic Orders of Columns
• Doric order – the simplest order, plain, short, thick and without arches.
• Ionic order – a little more decorative, the capitals consist of scrolls above the shaft, and the shafts are taller.
• Corinthian order – the most decorative, at the top of the column, there are decorative elements, like acanthus leaves.
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Stone Funerals
- The very first structure built.
Examples:
a. Menhirs – consist of single upright stone.
b. Dolmen – having two upright stones that support a horizontal slab.
c. Cromlech – consist of one large flat stone which is supported by two or more upright stones
