World Bank Financed China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project

Environmental Management Plan

Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Co., Ltd.Shaanxi Provincial Water Resources and Power Investigation and Design

InstituteJanuary 2012, Xi’an

E2909 v2

Preface

Located in the hilly and gully agrarian areas of Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province, the city of Yan’an covers a total land area of 37,000 km2, administers 13 counties and districts, 166 towns and townships, 3,391 village committees. In 2009, the city’s total population reached 2.15 million, including 340,000 people living in the central areas of the city. Average altitude of Yan’an is 1,000m and its annual rainfall is 493mm. The city’s ecological environment is relatively fragile and the temporal and spatial distribution of water resources is extremely uneven. The city’s total amount of water resources are low with per capita share of water being only 463m3 or 35% of Shaanxi’s per capita figure and 21% of the national figure. Therefore, Yan’an is one of the regions in Shaanxi Province facing serious water shortages and is a region with coexistence of resource-, engineering- and water quality-oriented water shortages. In recent years, Yan’an has taken a series of efforts to promote its socioeconomic development, including implementation of a development strategy with “development being driven by opening up and cities and supported by industries”, agricultural development being supported mainly by fruit trees, livestock and facility agriculture, industrial development being underlain by petroleum, coal and chemical industry and tobacco industry, as well as developing industries of local characteristics such as “red” (revolutionary base oriented) tourism. As a result, the city has achieved rapid socioeconomic development and its GDP has been growing at more than 10%. In 2010, the city’s GDP reached 88.542 billion yuan and that of Baota District reached 12.518 billion yuan. It is projected that based on the current water supply capacity and maximizing water saving in industrial, agricultural and domestic water, water shortages in urban areas of Yan’an would reach 150 million m3 and 300 million m3 by 2015 and 2030, respectively. Regional water shortages and lagging development of water source works for water supply have become major constraints to socioeconomic development in Yan’an.

To address issues or problems affecting Yan’an’s socioeconomic development and people’s domestic water use, Yan’an Municipal Government has entrusted the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research to develop Yan’an City Comprehensive Water Resources Plan in 2006. Through surveys and studies on the storage and quality of regional water resources and status quo urban water supply as well as analysis of water demand for medium- and long-term regional socioeconomic development, and after comparing multiple schemes, it is proposed in the Plan that diverting water from the Yellow River would be adopted to address medium- and long-term productive and domestic water use in the central areas of Yan’an. After extensive assessment and researches, Yan’an Municipal Government plans to implement the project of diverting water from the Yellow River to relieve water shortages in Yan’an. According to the design, the project is to divert water from mainstream Yellow River and Qingjian River (a tributary of the Yellow River) in Yanchuan County to supply water for industrial and domestic uses through multi-stage pumping stations and water conveyance pipeline to the central areas of Yan’an, Yaodian Industrial Park, Yanchuan County and

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Yongping Industrial Zone. In November 2006, Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission (YRCC) under the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) reviewed and approved Water Resources Assessment Report for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project in Yan’an City, agreeing to the proposal as set out in the report that the near-term annual 17.99 million m3 of water is to be diverted from the Yellow River mainstream and its tributary Qingjian River, including 12.75 million m3 from the Yellow River mainstream and 5.62 million m3 from the Qingjian River, to alleviate long-term water shortages in Yan’an’s urban areas, Yanchuan County and Yongping Town. Meanwhile, YRCC also approved Yan’an’s application for water diversion permit.

In April 2009, Yan’an Municipal Government approved Shaanxi Yan’an City Yellow River Diversion Plan. According to the plan, water is diverted at Wanjiaqu of Yellow River and Shangwan on Qingjian River in Yanchuan County to Yanchuan Gaojiawan Pumping Station in the west and then to Yan’an Yaodian Industrial Park and Yongping Industrial Zone to meet water needs in the two industrial zones and Yanchuan County Town. In August 2009, Shaanxi Provincial Department of Water Resources approved Soil and Water Conservation Program for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project; in October 2009, Shaanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau approved Environmental Impact Assessment for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project; in May 2010, Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission approved Feasibility Study for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project. It is pointed out in the feasibility study’s approval document that during the preliminary design stage, water supply to Yan’an shall be increased according to pertinent plans while taking into consideration the medium- and long-term target of increasing diversion from the Yellow River and project layout and implementation plans shall be further improved to provide conditions for project expansion in the future.

To rationalize allocation and unitization of water resources and ensure water use for urban areas of Yan’an, in July 2010, Yan’an Municipal Government decided to change the beneficiary areas of Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project to the central areas of Yan’an and Yaodian Industrial Park. Given low assurance of incoming flow and poor water quality in the Qingjian River in recent years, only the Yellow River mainstream would be used as the diversion source and the project was renamed as Yan’an Water Supply Project, whose water conveyance route is Yellow River intake→Gaojiawan Pumping Station→Yan’an Water Plant. Yan’an Water Supply Project is divided into two parts according to it’s investment composition: the section from Yellow River intake to Gaojiawan Pumping Station would be financed by Yan’an Municipal Government and the contents of construction include primary, secondary and tertiary pumping stations, 19.2km water conveyance pipeline and Baishugua Regulating Reservoir; the section from Gaojiawan Pumping Station to Yan’an Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant (WTP) would be financed by World Bank loan and the main contents of construction include quaternary, quinary and senary pumping stations, 63.78km water conveyance pipeline, Kangjiagou Emergency Response Reservoir, Gaojiawan Quaternary Booster Pumping Station and Yan’an Dongchuan WTP. To alleviate near and medium-term water shortages in Yan’an, it is planned by 2020 when the project reaches its designed capacity, annual water diversion from

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the Yellow River is 11.99 million m3 and by 2030, 27.47 million m3. The project would be implemented in one go and water would be distributed in phases; the size of basic structures such as WTPs and water conveyance pipeline (tunnels) would be determined in compliance with long-term water supply capacity. The government-financed component and World Bank financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project would be implemented in parallel and completed and operated at the same time. It is planned that the project would be launched in 2012 and completed by end 2016. Total project investment is 1.44 billion yuan, of which, 0.8 billion yuan from the loan of World Bank, and 0.56 billion yuan from government investment, and total construction period is five years.

In May 2011, entrusted by the project owner Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Provincial Water Environment Engineering Investigation and Design Institute prepared the Proposal for World Bank Financed China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project. In June 2011, a World Bank identification mission visited the site of Yan’an Water Supply Project to be constructed, conducted preliminary review of the project proposal and raised relevant requirements for activities such as preparation of project feasibility study, resettlement plan and environmental impact assessment. After the mission and following the World Bank’s social safeguard policies for lending projects, Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Co., Ltd. entrusted Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Social Sciences to prepare Resettlement Plan for the World Bank Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project and entrusted Shanxi Provincial Water Resources and Power Investigation and Design Institute to carry out environmental impact assessment for Yan’an Water Supply Project.

After accepting the offer, Shaanxi Provincial Water Resources and Power Investigation and Design Institute completed environmental impact assessment for Yan’an Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project at home, considering linkages between the World Bank financed and government financed components of Yan’an Water Supply Project, in consideration of the influence of water intaking scale of Yan’an water supply project on the environment, following requirements in the World Bank’s Safeguard Policy on Environmental Assessment (OP4.01) and through in-depth surveys of natural environment, ecological environment and social environment in the areas of World Bank financed component and project-related areas as well as taking into consideration the features of World Bank financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project. Subject to technical advice and guidance from World Bank environmental assessment specialists and relevant domestic experts, the assessment agency revised and improved the TOR, based on which and following relevant national laws, regulations and standards, the initial draft of Environmental Assessment for World Bank Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project was prepared.

In July 2011, the World Bank preparation mission for the proposed project held a meeting in Yan’an to review relevant technical outcomes including the project’s feasibility study, water resources assessment report, resettlement plan and initial draft of the EA and an aide-memoire was generated. In November 2011, the World Bank delegation convened the pre-evaluation meeting of the World Bank Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project, conducted an inspection

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and pre-evaluation of Yan’an Water Supply Project progress and revised draft of relevant technological achievements and put forward opinions of pre-evaluation. In December, the World Bank delegation held the evaluation meeting on Yan’an Water Supply Project in Yan’an, checked and urged technical documents of the progress, environmental assessment, resettlement and provided assessment opinions. In compliance with the memo and review comments on the EA’s initial draft, the assessment agency conducted detailed revision and improvement of the EA and prepared an EA summary and the environmental management plan (EMP). Here, we would like to express our gratitude to officials and competent authorities at various levels of government, experts and staff of project agencies at various levels who provided assistance in the EA process.

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Table of Contents

Preface--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I

1 Project Overview-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

1.1 Project Background..................................................................................................................1

1.2 Brief Description of the Project................................................................................................2

1.3 Project Components.................................................................................................................3

1.4 EMP Objectives........................................................................................................................5

1.5 EMP Preparation......................................................................................................................5

2 Policies, Framework of Laws and Regulations and Basis for EMP Preparation------7

2.1 Laws and Regulations..................................................................................................................7

2.2 Technical Specifications and Standards.......................................................................................7

2.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies....................................................................................................9

2.4 Standards for Assessment...........................................................................................................10

2.4.1 Environmental Quality Standards.......................................................................................10

2.4.2 Pollutant Discharge Standards.............................................................................................11

2.4.3 Ecological Environment......................................................................................................12

3 Environmental Management System---------------------------------------------------------14

3.1 Setup of Environmental Management System...........................................................................14

3.2 EMPs of Environmental Management Agencies........................................................................16

3.2.1 Implementing Agency.........................................................................................................17

3.2.2 Environmental Supervision Engineer..................................................................................18

3.2.3 Environmental Management by the Contractor..................................................................20

3.2.4 Environmental Management at Management Centers and Stations....................................20

3.2.5 Water Resources Dispatch Center.......................................................................................22

3.3 Environmental Management Training........................................................................................26

3.3.1 Objectives of Training.........................................................................................................26

3.3.2 Training Participants...........................................................................................................26

3.3.3 Training Contents................................................................................................................27

3.3.4 Training Program................................................................................................................27

3.4 Environmental Management Activities at Each Project Stage...................................................28

4 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures-----------------------------------------30

4.1 EIA Conclusion..........................................................................................................................30

4.1.1 Water Environment.............................................................................................................30

4.1.2 Ecological Environment......................................................................................................41

4.1.3 Soil Erosion.........................................................................................................................44

4.1.4 Social Environment.............................................................................................................46

4.1.5 Solid Waste..........................................................................................................................50

4.1.6 Atmospheric Environment and Acoustic Environment.......................................................52

4.2 Environmental Protection Measures..........................................................................................53

5 Environmental Monitoring Plan---------------------------------------------------------------84

5.1 Objectives of Monitoring...........................................................................................................84

5.2 Monitoring Plan.........................................................................................................................84

6 Cost Estimate for Environmental Protection and Soil and Water Conservation and

Economic Costt-Benefit Analysis----------------------------------------------------------------92

6.1 Environmental Protection Investment Estimate.........................................................................92

6.1.1 Principles Governing Preparation.......................................................................................92

6.1.2 Basis for Preparation...........................................................................................................92

6.1.3 Fee Composition.................................................................................................................92

6.1.4 Base Unit Price....................................................................................................................92

6.1.5 Stand-alone Costs................................................................................................................92

6.1.6 Results of Estimation..........................................................................................................92

6.2 Analysis of Economic Cost-Benefit of Environmental Impacts.................................................92

6.2.1 Analysis of Positive Environmental Benefits......................................................................92

6.2.2 Analysis of Losses due to Environmental Impacts..............................................................92

6.2.3 Conclusion of Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis..........................................................92

6.3 Sources of Funding....................................................................................................................92

7 EMP Information Management---------------------------------------------------------------92

7.1 Compilation and Archiving of Monitoring Data........................................................................92

7.2 Information Sharing...................................................................................................................92

7.3 Documentation...........................................................................................................................92

7.4 Reporting...................................................................................................................................92

Map of Yan’an Water Supply Project

1 Project Overview

1.1 Project Background

The World Bank financed component is an important part of Yan’an Water Supply Project, which is an important water source works to be built under the 12th Five Year Plan of Yan’an. It is planned that the project would divert water from Wanjiaqu on the Yellow River mainstream to Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant in Yan’an through multi-stage pumping stations. Development tasks of the project are to divert water from the Yellow River to alleviate urban domestic water and some industrial water shortages in central areas central areas (Baota District) of Yan’an. The designed diversion in 2020 is 12.75 million m3 with the flow of 0.48m3/s; the designed total lift is 565m and a total 380,000 people would be served. Total investment of the project is 1.44 billion yuan.

In its Document 32 [2006], the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission (YRCC) under the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) approved on November 24, 2006 Water Resources Assessment Report for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project in Yan’an City; on December 3, 2007, YRCC approved in its Document 00003 [2008] the application for a water diversion permit for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project. On April 22, 2009, Yan’an City People’s Government approved in its Document 26 [2009] Yellow River Diversion Plan of Yan’an City of Shaanxi Province; on August 28, 2009, Shaanxi Provincial Water Resources Department approved in its Document 96 [2009] Soil and Water Conservation Scheme for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project; on October 12, 2009, Shaanxi Provincial Department of Environmental Protection approved in its Document 567 [2009] Environmental Impact Assessment for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project; and in May 2010, Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission approved in its Document 100 [2010] Feasibility Study Report for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project.

In order to expedite fund-raising for Yan’an Water Supply Project, Yan’an Municipal Government applied to the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) for incorporating the project into lending pipeline of the World Bank for FY2010-2012. It was proposed that Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Co., Ltd. would serve as the project owner and a loan of RMB880 million would be borrowed from the World Bank for the components of water conveyance pipeline between Gaojiawan Pumping Station to Yan’an Dongchuan WTP, institutional capacity building and project management. To smoothly forge ahead relevant project activities, Yan’an Municipal Government established the Leading Group for the World Bank Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project, which set up the Office of Leading Group for the World Bank Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project (hereinafter referred to as the Project Management Office or PMO) as the implementing agency of the project. Meanwhile, the PMO established corresponding panel of experts (POE) to provide technical support to the project.

Based on investment composition, the proposed Yan’an Water Supply Project with the total investment of RMB1.44 billion yuan comprises two components: World Bank financed component

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and government financed component. Key subcomponents of the World Bank financed component include Gaojiawan Pumping Station, water conveyance pipeline between Gaojiawan Pumping Station, Gaojiawan-Yan’an water conveyance pipeline (tunnels), quaternary, quinary and senary booster pumping stations, Yan’an Dongchuan WTP and Kangjiagou Emergency Response Reservoir, as well as institutional capacity building and project management. Key subcomponents of government-financed component include pumping station at the Yellow River intake at Wangjiaqu, water conveyance pipeline (tunnels) between Yellow River intake and Gaojiawan Pumping Station, secondary and tertiary booster pumping stations and Baishugua Regulating Reservoir, among others. As a component linked with the World Bank financed component, the government financed water conveyance pipeline between Yellow River intake and Gaojiawan Pumping Station is planned to be launched in 2012 and completed in 2016, i.e. this component would be implemented and completed in parallel with the World Bank financed component to ensure benefits of the entire project. It is proposed that the World Bank financed component would use a World Bank loan of RMB880 million, which accounts for 61.1% of total project investment.

Entrusted by the project owner Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Provincial Water Resources and Power Investigation and Design Institute undertook environmental assessment for Yan’an Water Supply Project. This EA was conducted based on the EA of Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project while taking into consideration linkages and impacts between the World Bank financed component and the entire project.

1.2 Brief Description of the Project

Components of China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project include: pumping station at the Yellow River intake, Yellow River-Yan’an water conveyance pipeline (tunnels), booster pumping stations along the route, regulating and emergency response reservoirs, WTPs, mechanical and electrical engineering and project management information system.

Subcomponents of the World Bank financed component include: Gaojiawan Pumping Station, Gaojiawan-Yan’an water conveyance pipeline (tunnels), quaternary, quinary and senary booster pumping stations, Yan’an Dongchuan WTP and Kangjiagou Emergency Response Reservoir, as well as mechanical and electrical engineering and project management information system. This component has total 63.78km of water conveyance pipeline, whose water supply by 2020 when the project reaches its designed capacity is 11.99 million m3. Development tasks of this component are to supply water to the central areas (Baota District) of Yan’an for domestic and industrial uses. It is proposed that a loan of U$60 million (or RMB 390 million yuan) is to be borrowed from the World Bank, which would be used mainly for engineering investments, institutional capacity building and project management.

Subcomponents of government-financed component include: pumping station at the Yellow River intake at Wangjiaqu, Yellow River intake-Gaojiawan Pumping Station water conveyance pipeline (tunnels), secondary and tertiary booster pumping stations, Baishugua Regulating Reservoir, as well as mechanical and electrical engineering and project management information system. This component has total 19.2km of water conveyance pipeline, whose designed diversion flow in 2020 is 0.48m3/s. Development tasks of this component are to divert water from Yellow River

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mainstream and deliver water to Gaojiawan Pumping Station. The World Bank financed component is an important component of Yan’an Water Supply Project. Water conveyance pipeline for this component is located in Yanchuan County and Baota District of Yan’an City, which supplies water mainly for urban domestic use. This component would also finance some medium-sized water source works which supply water for industrial use. It is planned that the project would be launched in 2012 and completed and operated by end 2016. Feasibility Study Report for the World Bank financed China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project was prepared in July 2011 by Shaanxi Provincial Water Environment Engineering Investigation and Design Institute.

1.3 Project Components

Based on the agreement reached between the World Bank identification mission and the project owner, as well as the project feasibility study report, this component includes two subcomponents, as shown in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1: Subcompoents of the WB-financed Component of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Name Subcompoent

Subcomponent 1

Construction of water

conveyance and treatment

systems

(1) Water conveyance system: construction of the pipelines (tunnel) from Gaojiawan Pumping Station to Dongchuan Water Plant, 63.78km long, three pumping stations along the line, and 1 emergency response reservoir;

(2) Water treatment system: 1 water plant in Dongchuan of Yan’an; to guarantee the quality of the supplied water.

Subcomponent 2

Capacity building and

project management

（1） Consulting services to facilitate PMO’s management and project implementation

（2） Domestic and overseas trainings and study tours to ensure alignment of project implementation with international practices.

（3） Monitoring and evaluation system, and procurement and financial information system;

（4） Provision of office equipment and vehicles for project supervision and quality control.

The above table shows two subcomponents under the World Bank financed component of the project. Subcomponent 2 is purely technical assistance with no adverse environmental impacts, therefore this report only assesses environmental impacts of Subcomponent 1, and it would be used as EA for the World Bank-financed component.

As mentioned above, Subcomponent 1 of World Bank-financed component relates to water conveyance and water plant construction. It comprises main works, auxiliary works, resettlement and environmental protection. Table 1-2 shows engineering works of both World Bank-financed and Government-financed components of the project.

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Table 1-2: Engineering Works of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Name of Engineering WorksContents of Engineering Works

World Bank-financed Component Government-financed Component

Main Works

Water supply pipelines

New construction of 63.78km-long pipelines(tunnel) from Gaojiawan PS to Dongchuan WP, 2.935km of the total length is for tunnel

New construction of 19.20km-long pipelines(tunnel) from the water intake to Gaojiawan PS, 11.342km of the total length is for tunnel

Pumping station

Three pumping stations distributed along the line, namely Gaojiawan, Xiejiagou and Gaojiageda. The water head is 302m;

Three pumping stations along the line are located at the intake, Wangjiaqu and Yanshuiguan. The water head is 229m; the flow for water intake is designed as 0.96m3/s;

Water plant, pre-sedimentation tank

New construction of Dongchuan Water Plant, covering an area of 25mu. Of which, 20mu is for the first stage of construction, the short-term treatment capacity is 40000m3/d ， 80000m3/d for the long term;

Pre-sedimentation tank at the intake in Wangjiaqu, to pre-treat the Yellow River water containing silt and sand. After treatment, the sand will be processed for sale.

Regulating reservoir

New construction of one emergency reservoir, with a total capacity of 2.889 million m3. And 2 million m3 of it is regulating capacity. The dam is composed of an earthen dam, spillway tunnel, water supply and discharge facilities.

New construction of one regulating reservoir, with a total capacity of 8.524 million m3. And 4.2 million m3 of it is regulating capacity. The dam is composed of an earthen dam, spillway tunnel, water supply and discharge facilities.

Auxiliary works

Water diversion

There are 56 cross-river locations with inverted siphon, but only two in Anyichuan and Yan River need water diversion. With stone-earth cofferdam for river-bed diversion.

There are 4 cross-river locations with inverted siphon, but only one in Zhojia River need water diversion. With stone-earth cofferdam for river-bed diversion.

Flood control

Retaining wall and slope protection (220m) of the 5th-graded pumping station in Xiejiagou, flood control wall of Dongchuan Water Plant (500m)

Masonry slope protection (80m) in Wangjiaqu, Yellow River

Construction enterprises 18 construction points in 5 work areas 8 construction points in 3 work areas

Roads

Construction of 9km-long permanent roads, including access road, internal road and road for engineering management. Reconstruction of road of 17.38km, the road width for the new and reconstructed roads is 5m, paved with gravels; new construction of 18.5km-long temporary road, paved with compacted earth; use of existing road of 70.6km

New construction of 6.2km-long permanent roads, including access road, internal road and road for engineering management. Reconstruction of road of 3km, the road width for the new and reconstructed roads is 5m, paved with gravels; new construction of 2.74km-long, 5m-wide temporary road, paved with compacted earth; use of existing road of 25.2km.

Spoil dump site 10 dump sites, spoil amounts to 208200m3, covering 7.63hm2 of land

6 dump sites, spoil amounts to 107800m3, covering 3.67hm2 of land

Borrow site No material storage sites, the required earth comes from the excavation of the pipeline canals. Concrete (fine or coarse) and the stone need to be procured.

No material storage sites, the required earth comes from the excavation of the pipeline canals. Concrete (fine or coarse) and the stone need to be procured.

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Name of Engineering WorksContents of Engineering Works

World Bank-financed Component Government-financed Component

Borrow area

Kangjiagou reservoir dam needs earth material of 750,000 m3, and 1 borrow area; located at dam abutment of both sides of the dam, the floor space of borrow area is 2.8hm2, and earth quantity is 750,000m3.

Baishugua reservoir dam needs earth material of 1.89 million m3, and there are 3 borrow areas; located at both sides of dam abutment, ridge of both sides of 50m away from the reservoir, and slip mass 100m away from the reservoir, the floor areas of the borrow areas are 2.6hm2, 1.8hm2 and 1.2hm2 respectively. The earth quantity are 980,000 m3, 560,000 m3 and 350,000 m3.

Transmission and distribution projects

The power supply is connected from current grid, after the completion of the project and before the operation. Local power department shall be responsible for the supply. It belongs to the later construction and not newly built construction.

The power supply is connected from current grid, after the completion of the project and before the operation. Local power department shall be responsible for the supply. It belongs to the later construction and not newly built construction.

Domestic facilities The nearby residential houses will be rent for the office and living facilities. The number of the working staff at peak construction period will be 1300 people. For Kangjiagou Reservoir this number would be 200.

The nearby residential houses will be rent for the office and living facilities. The number of the working staff at peak construction period will be 700 people. For Baishugua Reservoir this number would be 250.

Land acquisition for construction

Resettlement

Land acquisition

The acquired land area totals 1547.17mu, of which 269.91 mu is permanent, and 1277.26 mu is temporary.

The acquired land area totals 559.29mu, of which 224.56 mu is permanent, and 334.73 mu is temporary.

Resettlement

There are totally 538 affected people. All of them are affected by land acquisition instead of house demolition. The incurred land loss would be internally adjusted within the same village. The land for building house would be distributed for the dislocated people.

There are totally 517 affected people. 451 of them are affected by land acquisition, and 66 people are affected by house demolition. The incurred land loss would be internally adjusted within the same village. The land for building house would be distributed for the dislocated people

Rehabilitation of special-purpose

facilities

29 oil wells, 1km asphalt road, clay-bound road 3km, telecom cables 6.5km, power lines 15.5km.

0km asphalt road，clay-bound road 0km, telecom cables 1.0km, power lines 2.6km.

Environmental protection

Water, noise and air pollution control during construction period; as well as the solid waste disposal, ecological conservation, human health protection, soil conservation, environmental protection of the resettlement area, environmental monitoring, environmental management during operation.

1.4 EMP Objectives

Environmental management is an important part of project management and is also an important element in achieving effective environmental protection under the project. The objectives of environmental management under China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project are to ensure smooth implementation of environmental protection measures, mitigate adverse environmental impacts of project implementation, and ensure environmental protection activities are carried out smoothly in the project areas and resettlement areas, hence achieving coordination of project implementation with eco-environmental protection and economic development.

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1.5 EMP Preparation

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of Yan’an Water Supply Project is prepared based on Environmental Assessment (EA). Main contents of the EMP include environmental management system, environmental management training, environmental protection and soil and water conservation measures to address adverse impacts as indicated in this EA, as well as estimated investments in environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

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2 Policies, Framework of Laws and Regulations and Basis for EMP Preparation

2.1 Laws and Regulations

1) Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (December 26, 1989);2) Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of China (September 1,

2003);3) Water Law of the People’s Republic of China (August 29, 2002);4) Fishery Law of the People’s Republic of China (August 28, 2004);5) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Wildlife (August 28, 2004);6) Forest Law of the People’s Republic of China (April 29, 1998, Amendment); 7) Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics (October 28,

2002, Amendment);8) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Water Pollution Prevention and Control

(February 28, 2008, Amendment);9) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control

(April 29, 2000, Amendment);10) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Ambient Noise

Pollution (October 1996);11) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental

Pollution Caused by Solid Waste (December 29, 2004);12) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Soil and Water Conservation (December 25,

2010, Amendment);13) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Land Administration (August 28, 2004); 14) Law of the People's Republic of China on Flood Control (August 29, 1997)15) Regulations on Environmental Protection Administration of Construction Projects

(November 18, 1998, No. 253 Decree of the State Council);16) Regulations of the People's Republic of China on River Course Management (June 3,

1988, No. 3 Decree of the State Council);17) Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Wild Plants (September

30, 1996, No. 204 Decree of the State Council);18) Provisions on Land Reclamation (October 21, 1988, No. 19 Decree of the State

Council);19) Regulations on Implementing the Law of the People's Republic of China on Soil and

Water Conservation (August 1, 1993 , No. 120 Decree of the State Council);20) Regulations on Scenic Spots and Historical Sites (December 6, 2006 , No. 474 Decree of

the State Council);21) Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland (December 24, 1998, No.257 Decree of

the State Council). 22) The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Oil and Natural Gas

Pipelines (June, 25, 2010)23) The Regulation on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals (Decree 591)

2.1 Rules of Ministries

(1) Classified Management List of Construction Project Environmental Impact Assessment (Oct.

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1, 2008, No. 2 Order of Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China)(2) List of Key Wild Plants Under State Protection (First Batch) (Aug. 4, 2001, No. 53 Order of Ministry of Agricutlreu, State Forestry Administration)(3) Wild Fauna and Flora Under Special State Protection (Feb. 21, 2003, No. 7 Order of State Forestry Administration) (4) The People's Republic of China on the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife (Mar. 1, 1992, No. 29[1992] of Forestry Administration)(5) The People's Republic of China on the Protection of Aquatic Wildlife (Sep. 17, 1993, No. 1 Order of Ministry of Agriculture)

2.3 Local Regulations

(1) Measures of Shaanxi Province on Implementing the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection (Jul. 25, 1992) (2) Measures of Shaanxi Province on Implementing the PRC Environmental Impact Assessment Law (Dec. 3, 2006)(3) Measures of Shaanxi Province on Implementing the Law of The People's Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation (Jan. 10, 1994) (4) Measures of Shaanxi Province on Implementing the Fisheries Law of the Peoples Republic of China (Aug. 3, 2004) (5) Measures of Shaanxi Province on Implementing the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife (Nov. 29, 1991) (6) Environmental Protection Regulations of Urban Drinking Water Protected Area for Water Supply of Shaanxi Province (Mar. 28, 2002) (7) Management Regulations of Scenic Area of Shaanxi Province (revised on May 29, 2008) (8) Regulations on the Protection of Cultural Relics (revised on Aug. 4, 2006)

2.4 Normative Files

(1) National Ecological Environment Outline (No. 38[2000] Order of the State Council, Dec. 22, 2000)

(2) Several Opinions on Strenthening Environmental Protection Management of Construction Project in the China Western Development (H. F. [2001] No. 4)

(3) Decision of the State Council on Implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development and Strengthening Environmental Protection (No.39, 2005 Document issued by State Council)

(4) Circular of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province about Strnegthening Ecological Conservation ([2000] No. 20 Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

(5) Implementing Opinions of Shaanxi Province on Implementing National Ecological Environment Outline ([2001] No. 58 Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

(6) Water Function Division of Shaanxi Province ([2004] No. 100 Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

(7) Ecological Function Division of Shaanxi Province ([2004] No. 115 Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

(8) Announcement of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government on Dividing Key Control Area of Soil Erosion ([1999] No. 6Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

(9) Technical Mannual of Environmental Impact Assessment of River Ecological Wter, Low Temperature Water and Fish Facilities of Hydroelectric Conservancy Project (Trial) (H. P. H. [2006] No. 4)

(10) Circular of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government on Announcing Key Auqatic and Wildlife Conservation List of Shaanxi Province ([2004] No. 9 Document issued by Shaanxi People's Government)

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(11) Concerning Issuance of Letter of Meeting Summary of Hydroelectric and Conservation Construction Project Water Environment and Aquatic Ecological Protection Technical Policy Seminar (H. B. H. [2006] No. 11)

(12) Interim Procedures of Public Participation of Environmental Impact Assessment (H. F. [2006] No. 28)

(13) Management Regulation of Pollution Control of Protected Area for Water Supply of Drinking Water (Jul. 10, 1989, No. 201 of Ministry of Environmental Protection)

(14) Circular on Strengthening Pollution Prevention and Control of Sludge of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant (Nov. 26, 2010, No. 157 [2010] of Ministry of Environmental Protection)

(15) Circular on Further Standardizing the Management of Environmental Impact Assessment (Oct. 30, 2009, Environmental Protection Department of Shaanxi Province)

2.5 Technical Specifications and Standards

1) Technical Guidelines on EIA: General Principles and Surface Water Environment (HJ/T 2.1-2.3, 1993) ;

2) Technical Guidelines on EIA : Acoustic Environment (HJ 2.4, 2009);3) Technical Guidelines on EIA: Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2, 2008);4) Technical Guidelines on EIA: Ecological Impacts (HJ 19, 2011);5) Technical Guidelines on EIA: Water and Hydropower Projects (HJ/T 88, 2003); 6) Technical Guidelines on Assessment of Environmental Risks of Development Projects

(HJ/T 169, 2004);7) Technical Standards on Comprehensive Management of Soil and Water Conservation

(GB/T16453.1 -16453.6, 2008);8) Technical Standards on Soil and Water Conservation under Development Projects

(GB50433, 2008); 9) Technical Specifications for Monitoring of Surface Water and Wastewater (HJ/T91,

2002); 10) Technical Regulations for the Monitoring of Soil and Water Conservation (SL277,

2002); 11) Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring (State Environmental

Monitoring General Station, 1999); 12) Standards for Survey of Inland Water Fishery Resources (Trial); 13) Technical Specifications for Afforestation (GB/T 15776, 1995); 14) Standards for Producing Drawings of Water and Hydropower Projects: Drawings of Soil

and Water Conservation SL73.6, 2001);15) Technical Criteria for Demarcation of Drinking Water Source Protection Zones

(HJ/T338-2007);16) Design Specifications for Reservoir Bottom Cleaning up under Hydropower Projects

(DL/T5381-2007)

17) Treatment Guidelines of Obsolete Well and Long-closed Well (SY/T6646-2006)

18) Design Specification of Parallel Laying of Oil Gas Pipelines and (CDP-G-PC-PL-001-2009/A)

19) Design Specifications of Traversing Engineering of Oil and Gas Pipeline (GB50423-2007)20) Design Specifications of Crossing Engineering of Crude and Natural Gas Transportation

Pipelines (SY/T0015.1-1998)21) Management Regulation of Dangerous Chemicals Transportation and Storage Usage

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22) Standard of Pollution Control of House Refuse Landfill (GB16889-2008)

2.6 World Bank Safeguard Policies

1) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP4.01)

2) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Natural Habitats (OP/BP4.04)3) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP4.12)4) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Pest Management (OP4.09)5) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Physical Cultural Resources (OP4.11)6) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Safety of Dams (OP/BP4.37)7) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Indigenous Peoples (OP4.10)8) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Forests (OP4.36)9) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Projects on International

Waterways (OP7.50)10) World Bank Operational Policy and Procedures: Projects in Disputed Areas (OP7.60)11) World Bank Procedures: Information Disclosure (BP 7.15)12) 12) World Bank EHS Guidelines, General Guidelines of Environment, Health and Safety 13) 13) World Bank EHS Guidelines, Guidelines of Water and Sanitary Environment, Health

and Safety 14) 14) World Bank EHS Guidelines, Health and Safety Guidelines of Offshore Oil

Development Environment 15) 15) World Bank EHS Guidelines, Health and Safety Guidelines of Onshore Oil

Development Environment 16) 16) World Bank EHS Guidelines, Well Abandonment and Inactive Well Practices for

U.S. Exploration and Production Operations

2.7 Standards for Assessment

EA standards for the World Bank financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project are consistent with those for Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project. Pursuant to local standards and planning for relevant function areas of Shaanxi Province and taking into consideration project features, Yan’an Environmental Protection Bureau approved on December 22, 2008 Standards to be Enforced for Environmental Impact Assessment of Yanchuan County Yellow River Diversion Project (Letter 103 [2008]). Standards approved in this letter would be enforced for EA of Yan’an Water Supply Project, which would implement the following environmental quality standards, pollutant discharge standards and ecological environment standards.

2.7.1 Environmental Quality Standards

1) Category III Standard in Surface Water Environment Quality Standards (GB3838-2002) would be enforced for surface water;

2) Category III Standard in Groundwater Quality Standards (GB/T14848-93) would be enforced for groundwater;

3) Category II Standard in Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) would be enforced for ambient air;

4) Category II Standard in Acoustic Environment Quality Standards (GB3096-2008) would be enforced for acoustic environment.

Quality standards for various environmental media are detailed in Table 2-1.

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Table 2-1 Environmental Quality Standards to be Enforced for EIA of China Shaanxi

Yan’an Water Supply Project

MediumName of Standard and Class

(Category)Main Items Unit Standard Limit

Surface Water

Environment

Surface Water Environment Quality Standards (GB3838-2002),

Category Ⅲ

pH 6～9

DO mg/L ≥5

CODcr mg/L ≤20

Permanganate Index mg/L ≤6

BOD5 mg/L ≤4

NH3-N mg/L ≤1.0

Groundwater Environment

Groundwater Quality Standards (GB/T14848-93), Category Ⅲ

pH 6.5～8.5

Permanganate Index mg/L ≤3.0

NH3-N mg/L ≤0.2

Total Hardness(measured by CaCO3)

mg/L ≤450

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L ≤1000

Ambient AirAmbient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) and Category II

Standard in its amendment

Main ItemsValue

Measurement TimeConcentration Limit

TSP mg/Nm3 24-hour Average 0.30

PM10 mg/Nm3 24-hour Average 0.15

NO2

mg/Nm3 24-hour Average 0.12

mg/Nm3 1-hour Average 0.24

SO2

mg/Nm3 24-hour Average 0.15

mg/Nm3 1-hour Average 0.50

Acoustic Environment

Category II Standard in Acoustic Environment Quality Standards (GB3096-2008) is enforced for

special regions within the scope of assessment, such as schools and

hospitals

LAeq

dB(A) Daytime ≤60

dB(A) Night Time ≤50

Category 4a Standard in Acoustic Environment Quality Standards (GB3096-2008) is enforced for areas within 35 meters from red lines along both sides of a road

LAeq

dB(A) Daytime ≤70

dB(A) Night Time ≤55

2.7.2 Pollutant Discharge Standards

1) Category I standard in Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standards (GB8978-1996) would be enforced for wastewater discharge while making reference to Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standards in the Yellow River Basin (Shaanxi Section) (DB 61/224-201).

2) Category II standard in Standards for Comprehensive Emission Standards for Atmospheric

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Pollutants (GB16297-1996) would be enforced for waste gas emission. 3) Relevant provisions in Noise Limits at Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-90) would

be enforced for construction noise.

Discharge standards for various pollutants are detailed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Pollutant Discharge Standards to be Enforced for EIA of China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project

PollutionType

Name of Standard and Category Pollution Factor

Standard Value

Unit Value

Wastewater

Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standards in the

Yellow River Basin (Shaanxi Section) (DB61/224-2011),

Category I

BOD5 mg/L ≤20

COD mg/L ≤50

NH3-N mg/L ≤12

Volatile Phenol mg/L ≤0.3

Petroleum mg/L ≤5

Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standards (GB8978-

1996), Category I

pH 6～9

Suspended Particulates mg/L ≤70

Sulfide mg/L ≤1.0

Total Cu mg/L ≤0.5

Total Zn mg/L ≤2.0

Anionic Surfactant mg/L ≤5.0

Waste Gas

Comprehensive Emission Standards for Atmospheric

Pollutants (GB16297-1996), Category II

SO2 Maximum Concentration

Outside Boundary

mg/m3

0.4

NOx 0.12

Particulates 1.0

Noise

Noise Limits at Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-90)

Construction Period Time Period

Earth Excavation

Daytime LAeq[dB(A)] 75

Night Time LAeq[dB(A)] 55

PilingDaytime LAeq[dB(A)] 85

Night Time LAeq[dB(A)] Banned

StructuresDaytime LAeq[dB(A)] 70

Night Time LAeq[dB(A)] 55

Refurbishment Daytime LAeq[dB(A)] 65

Night Time LAeq[dB(A)] 55

2.7.3 Ecological Environment

1) Category I standard in Water-induced Soil Erosion Control Standards for Development Projects (GB/T50434-2008).

2) The goals are to preserving rare and endangered species in the project areas and protecting the integrity of ecosystem.

3) Water-induced soil erosion is controlled based on the standard of not increasing soil erosion intensity. Concrete control indicators are provided in the following table.

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Table 2-3 Standards for Water-induced Soil Erosion Control under China Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply Project

No. Control Indicator Control Standard (Construction Period)

1 Rate of improvement in disturbed land (%) 97

2 Total rate of water-induced soil erosion control (%) 92

3 Soil erosion control ratio 0.8

4 Dreg removal rate (%) 95

5 Forest, grass and vegetation recovery rate (%) 92

6 Forest and grass coverage (%) 22

2.7.4 Control Standards of Pollutants

After the project is completed, the sludge produced by Yan’an Water Treatment Plant shall be treated by Yan’an garbage disposal plant, and the pollutants of which should comply with regulations of Pollution Control Standards of House Refuse Landfill (GB16889-2008), see Table 2-4 for details.

Table 2-4 Pollutant Control Standard of Shaanxi Yan’an Water Supply ProjectType

pf pollution

Standard name and level Pollutant control Unit

Emission concentration

limit

House refuse landfill leachate sewage

Pollution Control Standards of House Refuse Landfill

(GB16889-2008)

Chroma Dilution factor ≤il

(CODCr) mg/L ≤g/L (BOD5) mg/L ≤g/

Suspended matter mg/L ≤g/Total nitrogen mg/L ≤g/

Ammonia nitrogen mg/L ≤g/Total phosphorus mg/L ≤g

Coli group /L ≤L0000HgT mg/L ≤g/L01

Cadmium mg/L ≤g/L1Cr mg/L ≤g/L

Cr Vi mg/L ≤g/L5As mg/L ≤g/L

Total lead mg/L ≤g/L

(Note: the monitoring location of pollutant discharge is discharge outlet of sewage treatment

facilities)

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3 Environmental Management System

3.1 Setup of Environmental Management System

Environmental management of Yan’an Water Supply Project comprises external management and internal management. Detailed environmental management system is provided in Figure 3-1 and responsibilities of agencies under the system are listed in Table 3-1.

(1) External management: environmental protection administrations at various levels carry out on an irregular basis supervision, inspection and acceptance of environmental protection works following environmental protection standards and requirements defined in accordance with relevant national laws and regulations. (2) Internal management: the implementing agency is responsible for optimizing and implementing environmental protection measures of the project and ensuring these measures meet environmental protection requirements set for national development projects by state and local environmental protection administrations. Internal environmental management is managed hierarchically by the implementing agency and construction unit, which set up their respective exclusive environmental management agency.

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Figure 3-1 Environmental Management System for Yan’an Water Supply Project

MEP MWR

Shaanxi EPB Shaanxi Water Resources Department

External Environmental

Managem

ent

Internal

Environmental

Managemen

t

World B

ank

Yan’an City Leading Group of World Bank-Financed Projects

Yan’an Water Investment Co., Ltd.

PMO

Design Institute

EA Agency

Env. Protection & Soil and Water Conservation

Agencies

Contractor

Env. Protection & Soil and Water Conservation Management Center

Yan’an EPB Yan’an Water Conservancy & Soil and Water Conservation Bureau

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Table 3-1 Agencies under Environmental Management System

Nature Name Roles and Responsibilities

Management

PMO of Yan’an World Bank Financed Project

Policy-making body of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Project Management Office Responsible for daily coordinating work

Yan’an Water Investment Co., Ltd.

Project owner who is responsible for supervision and management of environmental protection activities during the entire project cycle under supervision of PMO.

Environmental Protection and Soil and Water

Conservation Management Center

A department under Project Construction and Management Bureau and is responsible for carrying out environmental protection and management activities in the project areas from construction initiation to completion acceptance.

Supervision

World Bank Supervision of EMP implementation.MEP, provincial and

municipal EPBs, MWR, Provincial Water

Department, City Water Conservancy and Soil and

Water Conservation Bureau

Government administrations which are responsible for supervision and management of environmental protection activities during the entire project cycle.

Implementation ContractorImplementing agency which is responsible for implementing measures for environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

Consulting Services

Design Institute

Entrusted by the project owner to be responsible for comparing and selecting schemes during feasibility study stage following requirements for environmental protection and soil and water conservation; designing schemes during project preliminary design stage following requirements for environmental protection and soil and water conservation; incorporating specific measures in the EA into technical specifications when preparing technical specifications of bidding documents.

EA Agency

Entrusted by the project owner to be responsible for conducting environmental assessment during construction and operation based on status quo environment and proposing corresponding mitigation measures.

Supervision Agency for Environmental Protection

and Soil and Water Conservation

Entrusted by the project owner to be responsible for supervising contractor’s implementation of measures for environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

3.2 EMPs of Environmental Management Agencies

Environmental management during construction will be carried out by the construction unit, environmental (supervision) engineer and contractor with focus on management by construction unit and environmental engineer. Environmental management during operation will be carried out by environmental management centers and stations.

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3.2.1 Implementing Agency

3.2.1.1 Management Agency

Yan’an Water Investment Co., Ltd. is responsible for environmental management. The company would set up an Environmental Management Center with 2-3 full-time staff and a number of part-time staff, which will be responsible for overall leadership and organization of environmental protection activities during construction.

3.2.1.2 Management Tasks

During project implementation, the implementing agency will be responsible for environmental protection and management activities in all project areas from construction initiation to completion acceptance, including preparation of implementation plan for environmental protection measures, outsourcing and review of preliminary design, tendering design, construction organization, environmental monitoring and soil and water conservation monitoring, environmental supervision and completion acceptance. Specific tasks are listed below:

(1) Management of environmental protection and soil and water conservation design1) Preparing Implementation Plan for Environmental Protection Measures during

Implementation of Yan’an Water Supply Project based on the approved EIA, soil and water conservation plans and relevant approvals;

2) Entrusting qualified design institute(s) to carry out design of environmental protection works according to the above implementation plan;

3) After results of preliminary design for environmental protection facilities are reviewed and approved by environmental protection administrations, tendering design and construction design would be carried out.

(2) Management of tendering for environmental protection and soil and water conservation works The implementing agency is responsible for preparing and reviewing environmental protection articles in the tender documents and contracts and ensuring all approved environmental protection measures are incorporated into the tender documents and contracts; carrying out in a timely manner public tendering for each scheme according to design outcomes and progress to ensure environmental protection and soil and water conservation measures are implemented as scheduled. (3) Environmental monitoring management

1) Preparing environmental monitoring and soil and water conservation monitoring plans following approved EIA, soil and water conservation plans and relevant approvals;

2) Reviewing qualifications of environmental monitoring and soil and water conservation monitoring agencies, managing contracts for environmental monitoring and soil and water conservation monitoring, conducting inspections and assessment on laboratories of monitoring agencies; reviewing monitoring reports submitted by monitoring agencies, analyzing reliability of monitoring outcomes and environmental issues/problems as reflected in the reports;

3) Making use of monitoring outcomes to test implementation effectiveness of

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environmental protection and soil and water conservation measures and urging the contractor to develop and implement corresponding solutions to environmental impact issues/problems as reflected in the monitoring outcomes.

(4) Routine management during construction1) Developing annual environmental protection plan; 2) Reviewing and allocating annual budget for environmental protection; 3) Supervising implementation of environmental protection measures by the contractor; 4) Coordinating with environmental protection administrations and other administrations; 5) Addressing project-related pollution incidents and disputes and reporting them to higher-

level authorities; 6) Preparing annual environmental protection reports and submitting monthly, quarterly and

annual statements to higher-level authorities; 7) Organizing environmental education and training.

(5) Management of completion acceptance of environmental protection facilities1) Entrusting evaluation agency(ies) with relevant qualifications to prepare Report on

Survey of Completion Acceptance of environmental protection works under Yan’an Water Supply Project;

2) Organizing acceptance of single and special works and acceptance during construction; 3) Organizing acceptance of special or comprehensive environmental protection works

while carrying out acceptance of the overall project; 4) Inviting local environmental protection and water administrations to direct acceptance of

environmental protection works.

3.2.2 Environmental Supervision Engineer

3.2.2.1 Purpose of Supervision

During project implementation, it is necessary to follow requirements in environmental protection design, conduct environmental supervision during construction, carry out all-round supervision and inspection of implementation of environmental protection measures by construction units and effectiveness of these measures, and address and resolve in a timely manner environmental pollution incidents. Outcomes of environmental supervision during construction will be used as the basis for project acceptance and will be incorporated into the acceptance report as a special chapter.

3.2.2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Environmental Engineer

Contractors shall implement environmental protection-related articles in the contracts following national and local governments’ guidelines, policies, decrees, laws and regulations on environmental protection. The main roles and responsibilities are to:

(1) prepare environmental supervision plan and develop subjects and items of environmental supervision;

(2) take charge of reviewing environmental protection articles in tendering and bidding documents;

(3) conduct supervision over contractors to prevent and mitigate construction-induced

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Yan’an Water Supply Project PMO

Environmental Supervision Department

Chief Environmental Supervision Engineer

Environmental Supervision Engineer

Site Inspection, Supporting Monitoring and Monitoring Data Analysis

Identifying Issues/Problems, Analyzing Causes and Issuing Orders

Contractor

Implementation of Measures

Check-up, Acceptance and Evaluation

Pass

Fail

Contracts and Relevant Policies

environmental pollution and destructions to farmland and wildlife, as well as prevent fire; (4) carry out all-round supervision and inspection of implementation of environmental

protection measures by construction units and effectiveness of these measures, building on survey and monitoring data; and address and resolve in a timely manner environmental pollution incidents;

(5) conduct all-round inspection on cleaning and restoration of dump sites and construction “footprints” by construction units, including side slope stability, restoration of construction footprints, afforestation and afforestation rate.

(6) be responsible for implementing environmental supervision, reviewing relevant environmental reporting, and working out requirements for pipeline construction management corresponding to results of air quality, ambient air and noise monitoring to minimize adverse environmental impacts of construction; and

(7) maintain good supervision of documentation during daily work, prepare supervision report and participate in completion acceptance.

3.2.2.3 Management Agency and Work Procedures

Environmental supervision is an important component of environmental management and is relatively independent. Therefore, an independent and qualified environmental supervision agency shall be established. In compliance with contract articles and national environmental protection law, regulations and policies, the agency shall supervise, review and evaluate implementation of environmental protection measures by construction units, and timely identify and rectify construction activities in violation of contract articles and national environmental protection requirements. Organizational setup and work procedures are provided in Figure 3-2.

Figure 3-2 Environmental Supervision Agencies and Work Procedures

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3.2.3 Environmental Management by the Contractor

3.2.3.1 Management Institution

The contractor shall set up Environmental Protection and Management Office as a key agency responsible for and implementing environmental protection during construction. When implementing environmental protection, the office shall strictly follow provisions on environmental protection and soil and water conservation as specified in the contract and tender and bidding documents.

3.2.3.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Management

The contractor shall be responsible for managing its own environmental protection activities and those during production and construction. Specifically, the contractor shall: (1) provide at least one full-time staff to be responsible for environmental work, who shall

receive environmental training so that he/she is qualified for the job; (2) prepare annual environmental protection plan; (3) inspect progress in construction of environmental protection facilities and quality, operation

and testing of these facilities, address issues/problems during implementation; (4) communicate and consult during construction with the general public in the project areas, set

up a bulletin board in each construction site, keep the general public informed of specific construction activities and construction time, and provide them with contact person(s) and telephone number(s) so that they can complain about and provide suggestions on construction activities;

(5) maintain accounting on the use of annual environmental protection budget; (6) report on implementation of environmental protection articles in the contract. The contractor

is urged to monitor its environmental activities and provide a daily or weekly report on environmental performance. The PMO and Construction Supervision Group would supervise these activities and review the report.

(7) The contractor shall keep a deposit out of its contract value in an amount equivalent to about 3% of its annual budget to ensure that it satisfactorily carries out environmental management.

3.2.4 Environmental Management at Operating Period

3.2.4.1 Management Agency

After completion of Yan’an Water Supply Project, Yan’an PMO will be responsible for setting up a project management center and management stations for reservoirs and pumping stations. Management stations at various levels would function under the overall leadership of the center. 3.2.4.2 Requirements and Contents of Management

a) Management Center

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Yan’an Water Supply Project Management Center is mainly responsible for safe operation and management of dams for Baishugua and Kangjiagou reservoirs, for water resources dispatching, reservoir area water resources protection, exploitation and utilization, for management of works at Yellow River water intake, and for management of water conveyance pipeline, pumping stations and water plants along the section between Yellow River intake and Yan’an Water Plant. Main roles and responsibilities of the center include:

1) Implementing relevant laws, regulations and guidelines; 2) Developing routine management rules following management regulations for water

conservancy projects, carrying out effective project supervision and monitoring, and establishing and improving project technical archives;

3) Repairing and maintaining water conservancy projects and their auxiliary equipment and ensuring normal operation of equipment and facilities;

4) Following up on weather and hydrological reports and ensuring effective project dispatch and flood control according to rainfall, water level and project safety status;

5) Carrying out strict water use management and implementing planned water supply;6) Calculating and collecting water charges and power tariffs according to regulations; 7) Conducting comprehensive operations and enhancing project’s economic benefits; 8) Achieving effective afforestation and soil and water conservation; 9) Taking charge of operational training and promoting use of advanced technologies.

b) Management Stations

Management stations are mainly responsible for patrolling, inspection, operation and maintenance of water conveyance pipeline sections.

1) Patrolling and Inspectioni) Attention shall be paid to whether hydraulic structures have cracks, collapses, slope

slides, seepages, bulges, wave scouring, and drainage facility blockages or damages; ii) Attention shall be paid to whether concrete structures have cracks, seepages,

deformation, erosion, abrasion and losses of water-stop materials; iii) Attention shall be paid to whether metal structures and hoisting equipment have

flaw, rustiness, abrasion, snap, vibration, loose or broken parts; iv) For auxiliary structures, attention shall be paid to whether power, lighting, transport,

communication, lightning-proof and safety facilities and observation equipment are in good shape;

v) For areas nearby structures, attention shall be paid to whether there have landslides, blocked or damaged surface water drainage system, abnormalities in released water flow or scouring to dam foot by return flow, structures hit or gates blocked by floating objects, grazing or sand exaction or structures built in protected areas.

2) Maintenance Activities

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i) Draining in a timely manner accumulated water on the side slopes along water conveyance pipeline to avoid settlement, slope slide and collapse due to accumulated water; ensuring functioning of ditches where the pipeline is located and prevent mountain flood from destroying the pipeline;

ii) Banning in a timely manner grass skimming, soil excavation, hole drilling, grazing, crop planting and tombing within protected areas of the pipeline;

iii) Effectively managing trees along water conveyance pipeline to prevent destructions by people and animals.

3.2.5 Water Resources Dispatch Center

Based the realities of Yan’an Water Supply Project, the PMO will set up a water resources dispatch center, which will be mainly responsible for carrying out integrated water dispatch and rationally allocating water resources among water intake, various-level pumping stations, reservoirs and water users during project operation.

Main functions of the center include:1) Dispatch function: developing water use plan, calculating water allocation, conducting

water dispatch consultation and water dispatch simulation, optimizing dispatch and operation;

2) Control function: data collection and processing, dynamic regulation and control of water conveyance, regulation and control of water conveyance under emergencies, remote control and operation, water volume calculation;

3) Monitoring function: operation status monitoring and animation monitoring; 4) Management function: consolidation of operation statements for all equipment, statistics

on daily, weekly, ten-day, monthly and annual water dispatch amount, management and maintenance of database and images, review of maintenance plans for water conveyance structures and eletromechanical equipment, coordination of distant video and telephone consultations, and web security management.

In parallel with project progress, the center will improve its organizational setup, responsibilities, and operational procedures for water dispatching.

3.3 EMP Information Management

3.3.1 Compilation and Archiving of Monitoring Data

Compilation and archiving are carried out in accordance with relevant stipulations in Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring and Procedures for Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring. Primary monitoring data and four compiled monitoring reports are archived at environmental management agency of the project and were provided to design institutes for feedback.

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3.3.2 Information Sharing

For the purpose of carrying out environmental management, necessary information sharing is needed among different departments and different staff within an organization, which also needs to disclose relevant information to external parties (stakeholders and the general public).

Internal information sharing can be carried out through meetings and internal bulletins, but a formal meeting needs to be held every month and all information sharing activities shall be recorded and archived.

External information sharing is carried out biannually or annually. Information sharing activities with partners shall be recorded and archived.

3.3.3 Documentation

To ensure effective operation of environmental management system, the project owner must organize to establish a sound documentation system and maintain records on the following:

(1) Requirements of laws and regulations; (2) Relevant review and approval documents for the project; (3) Environmental media and relevant environmental impacts; (4) Training; (5) Supervision, verification and maintenance activities; (6) Monitoring data; (7) Issues/problems during environmental management and environmental protection; (8) Effectiveness of mitigation measures; (9) Project-related information;

In addition, necessary control is needed for the above records, including identification, collection, categorization, archiving, storage, management, maintenance, storage period, and disposal of these records.

3.3.4 Reporting

During project implementation, the PMO, contractors and monitoring agencies of Yan’an Water Supply Project shall record and report in a timely manner to pertinent departments project progress, EMP implementation and environment quality monitoring results. Specific tasks include: 1) Monitoring agencies and contractors make detailed record of EMP implementation and

report to the PMO in a timely manner;2) The PMO must complete preparation of project progress report (e.g. half yearly report) on

time as required by the World Bank. The report mainly includes the following: i) Implementation of environmental protection measures, EMP, environmental

monitoring plan and training programs of the project;ii) Project status, e.g. project progress;

23

iii) Whether there are public grievances; if incurred, such grievances, their solutions and degree of public satisfaction shall be recorded;

iv) EMP implementation plan for the next year.

3.4 Appeal and Complaint

To guarantee the interests of affected persons is unaffected, the affected persons who are

unsatisfied with the resettlement work, can bring an appeal and complaint to project offices, and

if no satisfactory answers obtained, they may bring an lawsuit to local county and municipal

people’s courts.

3.4.1 Accepting agency and appeal institution

The agencies accepting grievances include: project working leading group offices of province,

municipality and county (district) at all levels, township peoples’ government and village

committees.

The representation agencies include: county (district) people’s court, municipal intermediate

people’s court. Representation agencies and procedures are as follows:

Fig. 3.3 Appealing and appellate organs and procedures

Municipal intermediate people’s court

County (district) people’s court

Municipal project leading group office

County (district) project office

Township government

Provincial project leading group office

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3.4.2 complaint procedures

(1) Anyone who is complaint about the compensation of resettlement, may contact village

committees and ask for resolution or reply in oral or written form; if the village

committees fail to resolve it, the grievant may bring an appeal to township or county

(district) project management organs and the county (township) project office should

assist to resolve it. In case the project office fails to reply or the grievant is not

satisfied, he may appeal to the superior project management organ in written form.

（ 2 ） The superior project management organ shall resolve the appeal within 3

weeks after receiving the appeal; in case it fails to resolve or the affected person is

still unsatisfied, he may submit a case to a county (district) people’s court in

accordance with legal procedures. The affected person also may bring a lawsuit to a

county (district) people’s court directly.

（ 3 ） In case the affected person is still unsatisfied about the court decision of

district people’s court, he may bring a lawsuit to the municipal intermediate people’s court, and the decision of intermediate people’s court is final award. If the affected person is still dissatisfied, he has to abide by the verdict.

3.4.3 Contents and approaches for replying the complaint

3.4.3.1 Replying content

● Introduction of dissatisfaction of complainants

● Findings of facts

● State relevant regulations, principles and standards for RAP● Treatment suggestions and specific basis

Village committees Affected persons

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3.4.3.2 Approaches for replying the complaints● For uncommon complaints, the reply will be directly sent to the complainants with

written material.

● For the frequently mentioned complaints, replying the complaints by informing the

village where the complainant is located by convening the villagers’ meeting or issuing

papers, in whatever form, all reply materials should be sent to the resettlement department

where the complainant is located.

3.5 Grievances recording and feedback tracking

During the execution period of RAP, the resettlement department should register and manage the

complaint material and processing result material, and report to the project resettlement office by

written material regularly. The project resettlement office should conduct regular inspection on

the register of complaints.

To record the complaints and settlement of relevant problems of the affected persons completely,

the project resettlement office developed the registration form of grievances of the affected

persons. See Table for the format of the form.

Table 1 Registration Form of Grievances of World Bank Loan Financed Yan’an Water Supply Project

Receiving Unit Time Place Complainant

NameAppealing

Conte Resolution Method Solution Planed

Actual Problem Solving

Complainant (signature)

Recorder (signature)

Note: 1. The recorder shall truthfully record the appealing content and requirements of the complainants; 2. The appealing process should not be disturbed and hindered; 3. The solution to be used should be sent to complainants within the prescribed time.

26

3.6 Environmental Management Training

3.6.1 Objectives of Training

Objectives of environmental management training are to ensure smooth and effective implementation of environmental management activities, enable relevant staff to familiarize themselves with contents and procedures of environmental management, enhance capacity of environmental management staff, and ensure effective implementation of environmental protection measures. Environmental capacity building is mainly targeted at environmental managers and environmental supervisors and training for them is part of project’s technical support. During project implementation, training is also provided to contractors and construction workers. Before construction is initiated, all construction units, operation units and construction supervisors are required to participate in compulsory training on environment, health and safety.

3.6.2 Training Participants

The participants are all staff from provincial, municipal and county PMOs, all environmental supervision staff, representatives from environmental monitoring agency, and representatives from key contractors.

3.6.3 Training Contents

1) World Bank environmental safeguard policy, domestic environmental protection laws and regulations, and knowledge about and application of environmental standards;

2) Environmental management models and environmental articles in the Loan Agreement for the project;

3) EA and EMP for the project; 4) Environmental management regulations for the project (with focus on regulations during

construction); 5) Roles and responsibilities of and relationships among environmental management staff,

environmental supervision staff and contractors; 6) Preparation of environmental management report, environmental supervision report,

environmental monitoring report and contractor’s monthly report.

3.6.4 Training Program

1) All staff from environmental management offices, all environmental supervision staff and representatives from PMOs at provincial, municipal and county levels

Centralized training is to be organized by Provincial Environmental Management Office before project implementation and conducted by environmental specialists. The training is to last for 3 days, covering the following:

i) World Bank safeguard policy and detailed environmental protection rules developed for implementing agency;

27

ii) Project’s environmental impacts and environmental monitoring items;iii) Operational processes at training venue, including organization, communication, roles

and responsibilities, decision-making process and review procedures for reports and standards;

iv) World Bank’s environmental information filing, disclosure, communication and reporting mechanisms;

v) World Bank health and safety supervision and reporting processes.

2) Representatives from key contractors

Centralized training is to be organized by Mianyang PMO before project implementation and conducted by environmental and health specialists. The training is to last for one day, covering the following:

i) Overview of factors leading to environmental impacts and environmental protection measures;

ii) Clarification of environmentally sensitive spots within construction areas and overview of issues/problems;

iii) Overview of roles and responsibilities of environmental management and environmental supervision staff and key points in environmental reports;

iv) Commonsense knowledge on health and safety; v) Penalties for breaching laws, regulations and rules.

3.4 Environmental Management Activities at Each Project Stage

During different stages of project implementation, environmental management activities are different, as shown in Figure 3-4.

(1) Feasibility study Main environmental management activity at this stage is environmental assessment, including preparation of EA and EMP.

(2) Design Main environmental management activity at this stage is to review project’s final design report and ensure that environmental protection measures (for design, construction and operation stages) set out in the EA are incorporated into the project. (3) Tendering and bidding Main environmental management activity at this stage is to ensure environmental protection measures during construction as set out in the EA are incorporated into project’s construction contracts.

(4) Construction

28

Main environmental management activity at this stage is to implement environmental protection measures and monitoring plan during construction as set out in the EA.

Environmental protection measures during construction are to be implemented by contractors and environmental supervision agency is to supervise construction site environmental management.

(5) Operation Environmental management activity at this stage is to implement environmental protection measures and monitoring plan during operation as set out in the EA.

Figure 3-3 Environmental Management Activities at Each Project Stage

29

Project Stage Environmental Management Activities

Proposal

Feasibility Study

Design

Tendering & Bidding

Construction

Acceptance

Operation

Completion

Environmental identification and defining EA category

Preparing EA and EMP

Ensuring incorporation of EA-defined environmental protection measures into final project design

Ensuring incorporation of environmental protection measures during construction into construction contracts

Implementing EMP (including Environmental Monitoring Plan); environmental supervision agency supervising construction site environmental management

Environmental management office/environmental supervision agency taking part in project completion acceptance, ensuring environmental protection measures are implemented before project operation

Implementing EMP for operation, including Environmental Monitoring Plan

Conducting post evaluation of project environment

In summarizing, the most important mission of EMP is to ensure environmental protection measures set out in the EA are truly and effectively implemented, including: 1) incorporation of environmental protection measures set out in the EA into project design and construction contract; 2) supervision during construction by environmental supervision agency over contractors’ implementation of environmental protection measures; and 3) inspection through environmental monitoring of effectiveness and implementation of environmental protection measures.

30

4 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

4.1 EIA Conclusion

4.1.1 Water Environment

4.1.1.1 Assessment of Impacts on Runoff and Hydrological Regimes

(I) Construction Period (1) Impact of the construction period of cross-Yan River siphon of Yan’an water supply project under the World Bank financed component on the hydrological regimesThe cross-Yan River siphon crosses the Yan River and the river bed is 600 m wide at the crossing. Water surface in Nov.~ Mar. each year, which is called as the dry seasons, is about 120 mm wide and cutoff even appears in Dec. ~ Jan.. Main watercourse at this location is near to the right bank. Moreover, flood land at the left bank is open. This project has good stage diversion conditions by analyzing topographic conditions of the cross-Yan River siphon. Recommended diversion scheme in dry seasons is designed, that is, construction of the cross-river siphon in two dry seasons. The construction selects the annual dry seasons (Nov. ~ Mar.) of the watercourse. Diversion standard of cross-Yan River siphon is 5-year return period of flood and corresponding design flow is Qp=4.5m3/s. As siphon construction is carried out by phase in dry seasons (Nov. ~ Mar.) of the river, in the first phase, cofferdam is used to close about the right bank of the watercourse for construction and river water flows normally through the left bank, and in the second phase, cofferdam is used to close about the left bank of the watercourse for construction and river water flows normally through the right bank. Buried depth of the siphon is designed under the riverbed scouring and frozen soil depth. Therefore, cross-Yan River siphon would not cut off the river during construction with slight increase in the water table only on the upstream of cofferdam and the siphon construction activities would only have minimal impacts on hydrological regime in the Yan River. When the siphon construction completes, cofferdams will be totally removed and transported to the spoil yard for disposal, and the watercourse will be completely restored to the original status, which will not have unfavorable influences on the environment.(2) Impact of the construction period of cross-Wen’anyichuan River siphon of Yan’an water supply project under the government financed component on the hydrological regimesThe Wen’anyichuan River under the government financed component has many siphons. The river bed is normally 100 m wide and average flow rate is 0.35m3/s for many years at the crossing of siphons. Water surface in Nov.~ Mar. each year, which is called as the dry seasons, is about 30 mm wide and cutoff often appears in the dry seasons. According to the construction design scheme, the siphon is constructed in the dry seasons. Flood control standard of the

31

constructed diversion cofferdam is 5-year return period of flood and design flow is 1.03m3/s. Cross-river siphon construction is easier. Rivers (ditches) where some siphons and conduits of Wen’anyichuan River have low flow levels, which lead to cutoff of watercourse in dry seasons. Sectionalized or whole-section construction in dry seasons is selected, with small diversion tasks and simple construction. Moreover, it would not lead to cutoff of related rivers (ditches) and would virtually have no impacts on downstream hydrological regime. When the siphon construction of Wen’anyichuan River completes, cofferdams will be totally removed and transported to the spoil yard for disposal to prevent influences on the environment and the watercourse will be completely restored to the original status.(II) Operation Period (1) Impact of the return water on the hydrological regimesIn accordance with the feasibility study design report, after the Yan’an water supply project is constructed and put into operation, the average water supply in the service area in design-level year of 2020 is 11,990,000 m3 and in planned-level year of 2030 is 27,470,000 m3.In accordance with the analysis results of water resources assessment report, the average water return for urban domestic and industrial water for Yan’an water supply project in planned-level year is 23,060,000 m3. Based on the river system distribution of Yan’an water supply project, return water in the service area for Yan’an water supply project will be completely discharged into Yan River, The annual total surface runoff of Yan River in the service area of Yan’an water supply project is 282,000,000 m3. Return water from service areas takes up only 6.3% of total regional runoff and return water discharge during project operation would only have minor impacts on local hydrological regime. Treated return water would reach Category IB standard in Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants (GB18918-2002). For rivers in the service areas that suffer from reduced runoff due to droughts and overuse of water, replenishment by treated return water can, to some extent, mitigate riverbed dry-up. (2) Impact of the operation period on the hydrological regimes at the Yellow River water intakeImpacts on the hydrological regimes at the Yellow River water intake mainly are change of runoff, sediment transport and water level, etc of the river section with time and space, etc after diverting Yan’an water supply project. Diversion of this project will reduce the water intake sectional flow and may cause impact on the hydrological regimes of Yellow River main rivers at the downstream of water intake section. The diversion project normally has two impacts on hydrological regimes at the downstream of the river: the first is the hydrological regime changes caused by watercourse section change resulted from construction of river-crossing cofferdams and retaining walls, etc and the second is the hydrological regime changes such as watercourse runoff, water level and silt, etc caused by diversion.Yan’an water supply project includes one diversion hub, which locates on the right bank of Wangjiaqu Yellow River, Yanshuiguan Town of Yanchuan County. Pumping by bank side fixed type pump station is adopted for diversion, without flood retarding buildings. The project doesn’t change the original watercourse structure; therefore, impacts on the hydrological regimes at the

32

downstream of Yellow River water intake mainly show at hydrological regime change caused by the water change.① Calculation of runoff at the downstream of Yellow River water intakeIn accordance with the water resources assessment report of Yan’an water supply project: the annual runoff at the Yanshuiguan Yellow River water intake of Yan’an water supply project is calculated by adopting regional area weighting method based on actual measured runoff data of Yellow River main stream-Yanshuiguan hydrologic station from 1953 to 1956, and also combining actual measured runoff data of Wubu, which is 110km at the upstream of Yanshuiguan hydrologic station and Longmen hydrologic station, which is 165km at the downstream of Yanshuiguan hydrologic station, from 1935 to 2009. The average runoff of 27,530,000,000 m3 for Yanshuiguan station is obtained by calculation. See table 4-1 for runoff of different frequencies.Table 4-1 Runoff of different frequencies at Yellow River Yanshuiguan station Unit: 100,000,000 m3

Multi-year average runoff

Frequency (%)

5 10 25 50 75 90 95

275.3 447.7 403.5 335.2 266.9 206.3 154.7 131.9

Typical year selection 1962 1980 2000 1987

Multi-year average and 95% typical year runoff annual distribution is calculated according to actually measured runoff data of Wubu station and analyzing multi-year average and 95% typical year runoff annual distribution proportion. See table 4-2 for details.Table 4-2 Runoff distribution at Yellow River Yanshuiguan station water intake Unit: 100,000,000 m3

MonthJan

.

Fe

b.

M

ar.Apr.

Ma

y

Ju

n.

Ju

l.

A

u

g

.

Sep

t.

Oc

t.

N

ov

.

D

e

c.

Year

Multi-year

average

Proportio

n (%)

4.5

5.2

8.7

7.5

4.7

4.8

10.8

15.4

14.6

11.6

7.2

5.0

100.0

Annual

distributi

on

12.

4

14.

3

24

.020.6

12.

9

13.

2

29

.7

4

2

.

5

40.

2

31.

9

19

.8

1

3.

8

275.

3

95%

actual

typical

year

(1987)

Proportio

n (%)7.1 8.9

15

.49.6 3.0 4.5

2.

0

9

.

2

12.

89.1

10

.2

8.

2

100.

0

Annual

distributi

on

9.411.

7

20

.312.7 4.0 5.9

2.

6

1

2

.

1

16.

9

12.

0

13

.5

1

0.

8

131.

9

33

② Impact of the project on the runoff at the Yellow River water intakeAccording to the feasibility study report design of this project, Yan’an water supply project would divert 11.99 million m3 and 56.83 million m3 of water (taking account of water use in Yanchuan and Qingjian counties, etc), respectively in the design-level year of 2020 and planned-level year of 2030. Based on the table 5-2, in the near term (i.e. 2020), the project would divert 12.75 m3 of water a year from the Yellow River with the diversion flow rate of 0.48m3/s, which is 0.045% of multi-year average runoff at the water intake and 0.094% of runoff during dry seasons. Even in the dry season, the impacts of diversion on runoff at downstream Yellow River would be extremely minimal and changes in flow rate and water level in the river’s downstream sections would not be significant. In the long term (i.e. 2030), the project would divert a maximum of 56.83 million m3 of water from the Yellow River, which is 0.21% of the river’s multi-year average runoff of 27.53 billion m3 and 0.43% of dry-year runoff (at 95% assurance) of 13.19 billion m3. Thus, long-term diversion takes up a very small share of inflow at Yellow River water intake. Even in the dry season, the maximum diversion is only 1% of the river’s runoff. It is designed that the project would not divert water when flow rate at the intake is smaller than 100m 3/s. Therefore, water diversion by the project would not have significant impacts on runoff in downstream Yellow River sections. ③ Determination of division sand limit at Yellow River water intakeYellow River Yanshuiguan section has abundant water, the multi-year average flow rate is 27,530,000,000 m3, average flow rate is 873m3/s and average minimum flow rate is 118m3/s, which can satisfy diversion flow rate of this water supply project. However, annual distribution of Yellow River runoff is uneven and the inter-annual change. In addition, it is the silty river with the multi-year average sediment concentration of 25.5 kg/m3. Sediment concentration during flood period in summer is large, so the reliability of Yellow River diversion under the influences of ecological flow and sediment concentration of preserved watercourse needs to be analyzed.Day-to-day sediment concentration process of Yanshuiguan water intake from 1954 to 2009 is obtained by adopting the regional area weighting method. See table 4-3 for standard exceeding conditions of sediment concentration counted under different sediment concentration standards.Table 4-3 Statistical table of standard exceeding conditions of sediment concentration of Yellow River Yanshuiguan water intake

No.

Sedi

men

t con

cent

ratio

n st

anda

rd (k

g/m

3 )

Long series (1954~2009) 95% typical year (1987)Year with maximum standard

exceeding (1954)

Tota

l day

s (da

y)

Num

ber o

f day

s w

ith st

anda

rd-

exc

eede

d se

dim

ent

conc

entra

tion

(day

)

Stan

dard

exc

eedi

ng ra

te (%

)

Num

ber o

f day

s (da

y)

Num

ber o

f day

s with

stan

dard

-

exce

eded

sed

imen

t

conc

entra

tion

(day

)

Stan

dard

exc

eedi

ng ra

te (%

)

Num

ber o

f day

s (da

y)

Num

ber o

f day

s with

stan

dard

-

exce

eded

sed

imen

t

conc

entra

tion

(day

)

Stan

dard

exc

eedi

ng ra

te (%

)

34

1 80 2045

4

565 2.8 365 3 0.8 365 26 7.1

2 70 2045

4

658 3.2 365 4 1.1 365 31 8.5

3 60 2045

4

797 3.9 365 7 1.9 365 42 11.5

4 50 2045

4

991 4.8 365 10 2.7 365 51 14.0

5 40 2045

4

1294 6.3 365 16 4.4 365 61 17.2

Diversion sand limit at the Yellow River Yanshuiguan water intake is determined as 60kg/m3

considering standard exceeded sediment concentration statistical conditions at the Yellow River water intake, by consulting diversion sand limit conditions of other diversion projects at upstream and downstream of Yellow River water intake. No water will be diverted on the days with sediment concentration great than 60kg/m3. In accordance with day-to-day data statistics of 56 years, number of days with standard exceeded sediment concentration is 797, which accounts for 3.9% of series days.④ Determination of ecological flow in Yellow River diversion sectionsBasic ecological water use of river should be guaranteed and ecological environment of river reach should be protected, developed and utilized for development and utilization of river water resources. In accordance with water resources assessment report of Yan’an water supply project and based on domestic related specifications, the river ecological flow at the Yellow River water intake is comprehensively calculated and determined through following three means: the first: calculated in accordance with actually measured runoff series of Wubu station from 1935 to 2009, the annual runoff for 95% years at Yanshuiguan Yellow River water intake for Yan’an water supply project is 13,190,000,000 m3 and the monthly average flow rate at the dry season is 155 m3/s ; the second: it can be know from investigating month-to-month average flow rate of Yellow River water intake in recent 10 years that the driest month is July, 2001 and the average flow rate in the driest month is 99.1m3/s; the third: the letdown flow rate of the section must satisfy requirements of the Longmen section flow of 100m3/s specified in Provisions on Disposal of Yellow River Water Regulation Emergency Accidents. The river ecological flow at the Yellow River water intake of Yan’an water supply project is determined as 100m3/s by integrating above three calculation results and after reviewing and permission by Yellow River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources.

Assurance analysis of project diversion⑤In accordance with Yellow River Valley water consumption distribution scheme-Detailing of Shaanxi Yellow River diversion permit volume control indexes proposed by Department of Water Resources of Shaanxi Province in Sept. 2009 and submitted to and approved by Shaanxi Provincial Government, diversion volume distributed to Yan’an city is 310,000,000 m3, including 140,000,000 m3 for Yellow River main stream. At present, no water is diverted by Yan’an city from Yellow River main stream. Therefore, water diversion from Yellow River can be guaranteed viewing from water volume distribution indexes. Viewing from water volume at the Yellow River water intake, the average runoff in many years at Yanshuiguan water intake is about 27,530,000,000 m3, average flow rate in many years is 873m3/s and the average minimum flow rate in many years is 118 m3/s. The maximum diversion flow rate at Yellow River water intake for Yan’an water supply project is 2.00m3/s, which is far less than the average flow rate and the average minimum flow rate in many years at the water intake. Water volume at the water intake can satisfy water diversion requirements of this water supply project.According to day-to-day runoff process and day-to-day sediment concentration process of long

35

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

12

Month

108 m3

Monthly Runoff at p95% at Yanshuiguan Yellow River Water Intake Ecological Runoff

series from 1954 to 2009 at the Yellow River water intake, the long series regulation is calculated day by day based on the maximum daily water intake flow rate of 2.00 m3/s under the premise that no water will be diverted on the days for which the water intake flow rate is 100m3/s less than the ecological environment flow rate, considering no water diversion on the days with the sediment concentration greater than 60kg/m3. It can be obtained from the calculation that the number of days for which water can’t be diverted due to standard exceeding of sediment concentration is 797, which accounts for 3.9% of total series days; number of days for which water can’t be diverted due to the river flow rate less than the ecological flow rate is 181, which accounts for 0.89% of total series days; number of days for which water supply can be completely satisfied is 19463. Water supply assurance is 95.2%, satisfying assurance requirements in water supply design.Analyzed based on long-series runoff at 95% assurance at Yellow River water intake, minimum flow normally occurs in April-June each year (see Tables 4-1 and 4-2 for details). In the driest year, the longest period when water cannot be diverted due to inflow being lower than the ecological flow rate of 100m3/s and sediment concentration being higher than 60kg/m3 is 46 days. Under the two scenarios, the project would cease diversion and water would be supplied by the proposed Baishugua and Kangjiagou regulating reservoirs. Capacity of Baishugua Reservoir is 4.2 million m3 and Kangjiagou Reservoir, 2 million m3. Joint operation of the two reservoirs can meet water needs for 69 days in the project’s service areas. The number of days when water is supplied by the reservoirs is more than the maximum number of days when water cannot be diverted from the Yellow River; hence operation of the project would not affect ecological flow at Yellow River water intake.

Table 4-1 Relationship between Monthly Runoff at 95% Assurance andEcological Runoff at Yanshuiguan Yellow River Water Intake

Table 4-2 Relationship between Monthly Flow Rate at 95% Assurance andEcological Flow Rate at Yanshuiguan Yellow River Water Intake

36

0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

12

Month

m3/s

Ecological Flow Rate

Monthly Flow Rate at p95% at Yanshuiguan Water Intake

According to the feasibility study report design of this project, Yan’an water supply project would divert 11.99 million m3 and 56.83 million m3 of water (taking account of water use in Yanchuan and Qingjian counties, etc), respectively in the design-level year of 2020 and planned-level year of 2030.In the near term (i.e. 2020), the project would divert 11.99 million m3 of water a year from the Yellow River with the diversion flow rate of 0.48m3/s, which is 0.045% of multi-year average runoff at the water intake and 0.094% of runoff during dry seasons. Even in the dry season, the impacts of diversion on runoff at downstream Yellow River would be extremely minimal and changes in flow rate and water level in the river’s downstream sections would not be significant. In the long term (i.e. 2030), the project would divert a maximum of 56.83 million m3 of water from the Yellow River, which is 0.21% of the river’s multi-year average runoff of 27.53 billion m3 and 0.43% of dry-year runoff (at 95% assurance) of 13.19 billion m3. Thus, long-term diversion takes up a very small share of inflow at Yellow River water intake. Even in the dry season, the maximum diversion is only 1% of the river’s runoff. It is designed that the project would not divert water when flow rate at the intake is smaller than 100m 3/s. Therefore, water diversion by the project would not have significant impacts on runoff in downstream Yellow River sections. Analyzed based on long-series runoff at 95% assurance at Yellow River water intake, minimum flow normally occurs in April-June each year (see Tables 4-1 and 4-2 for details). In the driest year, the longest period when water cannot be diverted due to inflow being lower than the ecological flow rate of 100m3/s and sediment concentration being higher than 60kg/m3 is 46 days. Under the two scenarios, the project would cease diversion and water would be supplied by the proposed Baishugua and Kangjiagou regulating reservoirs. Capacity of Baishugua Reservoir is 4.2 million m3 and Kangjiagou Reservoir, 2 million m3. Joint operation of the two reservoirs can meet water needs for 69 days in the project’s service areas. The number of days when water is supplied by the reservoirs is more than the maximum number of days when water cannot be

37

diverted from the Yellow River; hence operation of the project would not affect ecological flow at Yellow River water intake.

4.1.1.2 Assessment of Impacts on Surface Water Quality

a) Construction period Impacts on surface water quality during construction are mainly caused by river disturbance due to siphon and aqueduct construction, wastewater from sand and gravel processing, wastewater from concrete mixing system, and wastewater from mechanical and vehicle repair and maintenance as well as domestic sewage.1) Impacts of siphon and aqueduct constructionThe proposed Yan’an Water Supply Project would have a number of cross-river pressure pipes and cross-river (gully) siphons at the Yan River. During construction, diversion will be carried out for river sections with crossing of pipes and siphons. When constructing cofferdams, water bodies in the Yan River, Qingjian River and Wen’anyi River would be disturbed, resulting in SS increase at river sections with construction activities. Compared with similar projects in the Province, increase of SS beyond 100m downstream of a cofferdam will not exceed 50mg/L and construction activities would take place in stages during dry periods. Therefore, impacts on water quality would be minor in general. Moreover, a small amount of foundation pit wastewater may be generated during foundational excavation for siphons, which shall be pumped out of cofferdam for agricultural irrigation or forest irrigation after sedimentation treatment. Hence, impacts of wastewater on surface water environment would be minor. 2) Impacts of wastewater from sand & gravel aggregate processing Sand and gravel aggregates needed for the project would reach 272,600 m3. During aggregate processing, water would be needed for flushing and dust control purposes and some wastewater would be generated. Based on analysis of similar projects, wastewater generation coefficient is normally 0.8 and water use for processing per unit of aggregate is 0.2 m3. It is predicted that wastewater generation intensity of the project is 110m3/d and total wastewater generation during construction would reach 436,000 m3, which would distribute in construction sites/camps along the water conveyance pipeline. Key pollutant in the wastewater is suspended solids (SS). Based on analysis of similar projects, SS concentration can reach 4000-6000mg/L, which is affected by different runoff conditions in average, dry and wet periods. If untreated wastewater is discharged into river courses, SS concentration in water would increase in different periods and by varying degrees, thus generating adverse impacts on the habitation and reproduction of aquatic life in river courses. 3) Impacts of wastewater from concrete mixing system The project would need 28,700 m3 of concrete and reinforced concrete and the wastewater is produced mainly through the washing and maintenance processes in the mixing and for the drum and charger (10 units). In the maintenance process, straw mattresses are to be used and remover-spray applied to cut the water use and prevent the wastewater from forming into runoffs. According to the field survey, the mixing or maintaining each unit of concrete produces 0.05 m 3

of wastewater, and in the duration of the construction approximately 1,400 m3 would be

38

produced in total, at an output intensity of 3.59 m3/d. Washing of mixing system would use 0.3 m3 of water per time per unit, and the maximum wastewater intensity is 3m3/d, and 1,200 m3 of wastewater would be produced by the mixing systems during construction.Wastewater from the concrete mixing system is alkaline with 9-12 pH value. According to analogical analysis, the concentration of the suspended solids (SS) in the wastewater is approximately 5000 mg/L, which means that the wastewater is of high suspended solid concentration and released in high density intermittently. If it is released untreated into the river system, it will create some impacts on water bodies.4) Impacts of oil containing wastewater on surface water from machine maintenance system and multi-purpose processing plantsAccording to the construction plan, a number of small-scale machine and auto service stations are to be installed to conduct regular services and maintenance for the machines and automobiles near the sites of Yangjiashan and Yaojiashan tunnels and the WTPs. In general, little wastewater will be produced from the scattered machine and automobile maintenance activities on the construction sites. It is estimated that one machine or auto maintenance station will produce about 5 m3/d wastewater, mostly from auto washing, containing pollutants mainly of SS and petroleum products, at the concentration of 3,000 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively. If released untreated, it will cause regional pollution to the ground and water environment near the discharge outlets.5) Impacts of domestic sewage on surface water qualityDuring construction, workers involved would amount to 1,500 on the average. If water use is computed at 0.15 m3/person/day at 0.8 discharge rate, a total of 73,800 m3 of domestic wastewater would be produced by all construction sites in the duration of the construction, with the main pollutants being BOD5 and CODCr and concentration of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L, respectively.Being a linear project, most construction workers would live in leased houses of local residents along the line and small camps would be erected at the entrance and exit of Yangjiashan tunnel that are too far from local villages or towns. Therefore, domestic wastewater discharge would be quite scattered. Moreover, dry toilets or biogas pools will be built nearby that will be connected to farmland irrigation and fertilization system without releasing into the outer environment, creating little impact on the water environment of the construction area. As for the construction teams that live in leased housings in the villages and towns, the domestic wastewater will be treated together with local communities and would have minimal impacts on surface water environment.b) Operation period The World Bank financed and government financed component s of Yan’an Water Supply Project are interconnected and interactional and therefore assessment of impacts on the surface water during operation is periodically assessed as a whole.1) Impacts of water pipeline on surface water

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Yan’an Water Supply Project uses inverted siphon or pressure pipe in going across rivers and the pipeline is mostly buried underground. Part of the pipeline goes through mountain masses through tunnels. The project avoids going through large villages or towns and thus is free from the risk of external pollution sources entering into the pipeline. Through waterproof lining in the tunnels and the fact that water is carried inside the pipeline, there would be virtually no risk of water seepage from the project polluting surface water. Long distance water conveyance may increase the chance of water pollution, especially at the two regulating and storage reservoirs, which are susceptible to contamination from animal waste, domestic wastewater and rainwater, etc. As reservoir areas are scarcely populated with few industrial firms, when the reservoirs are completed, they would be cleaned up with existing pollution sources removed. This would effectively prevent water from being polluted by domestic wastewater and human and animal waste when the project goes into operation. Generally speaking, when appropriate measures are taken, risk of pollution in the process of water conveyance would be minimal, though management shall be stepped up following the requirements for drinking and industrial water protection.2) Impacts of return water in service areas on surface water qualityAccording to survey, return water in the service area is mainly composed of urban domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. According to the predictive analysis, after the water supply project is put into operation, the return water volume produced recently in the service area is 23.06 million m3. Pollutants contained in return water are mainly BOD5 and CODCr, while in the industrial wastewater mainly COD, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum products and volatile phenol. The service area receives return water of Yan’an water supply project in water area from Yangjiawan of Baota District, Yan’an City to Siliandui. At present, water quality in this river section is category IV, annual runoff is normally 142 million m3 and flow rate is 4.5m3/s. According to Yan’an City Environment Protection Plan, two new wastewater treatment plants will be built and one existing plant will be expanded at Baota District to increase the wastewater treatment capacity of the city up to 150,000 m3/d by 2015. That would completely satisfy return water produced in operation period of Yan’an water supply project and also effectively alleviate pressures from urban industrial and domestic wastewater pollution. In accordance with the design requirements, all return water produced during the operation period of Yan’an water supply project will be discharged in to Yan River when standards are satisfied after being treated by constructed wastewater treatment plants or wastewater treatment plants to be constructed. Quality of discharged water will reach category IB standard. Return water has not caused much pollution to water quality of the Yan River through the water quality model prediction and also in accordance with the analogical analysis on the Wangyao reservoir water supply project that is completed and in operation at Yan’an city; therefore, if the return water is treated by the city’s wastewater treatment system as required before being discharged, it will have no impact on the intake water body in Baota District stretch of the river; moreover, it also makes water environmental capacity in this area have certain improvement.

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3) Impacts of domestic wastewater from project operation and management institutionsOperation and management institutions of Yan’an Water Supply Project are mainly consisted of the Yellow River Diversion and Water Supply Company of Yan’an City, Gaojiawan 4th stage pumping station, Xuejiagou 5th stage pumping station, Gaojiageda 6th stage pumping station, newly constructed Dongchuan WTP and Kangjiagou Reservoir, altogether employing 201 people, of which, 34 at the Water Supply Company, 79 at the 3 pumping stations, 72 at the WTP and 16 at the reservoir. Computed at 0.15m3/person/day of water consumption and discharge rate of 0.8, annual domestic wastewater discharge would reach 9,000 m3. As domestic wastewater discharge would only be of limited amount and released into local sewage system after pretreatment by septic tanks upon completion and operation of the project, it won’t cause pollution to the environment.(4) Prediction for water quality of Kangjiagou reservoirKangjiagou is located at the level-1 tributary 500 m to east side of Yaodian Town and Kangjiagou reservoir dam site is located 1500m at the upstream of Kangjiakou port. Drainage area above the dam site is 1.55km2, and drainage basin multi-year average runoff is 55,800 m3

and sediment discharge is 19600 tons, so the reservoir is the key project dominated by water supply for accident emergency.Total capacity of Kangjiagou reservoir is 2.889 million m3, including 752000 m3 for inactive storage capacity, 137000 m3 for flood storage capacity and 2 million m3 for utilizable capacity. Grade for main buildings is IV and for temporary buildings is V. Flood standards are designed based on the 30-year return period and corresponding flood level is checked based on the 300-year return period. Reservoir is mainly composed of dam, flood discharge tunnel, recharge facilities and discharge facilities.There are 29 oil wells and 73.46 mu non-cultivated lands, and there are no residential areas, country roads, and also no waste discharged by the drainage industry in the zone of reservoir inundation. Flow rate of water body in reservoir decreases after water storage and residence time extends, so heat exchange between water and air is changed with increased water body, widened water surface and enlarged water depth, which makes changes of water quality in physics, chemistry and biology, etc. Moreover, changes of reservoir letdown water in volume and quality many affect the river reach at the downstream of the dam.Kangjiagou reservoir is located in ditch main without perennial drainage in the loess hilly area so that the ditch is shorter without resident population and industrial and mining enterprises. Moreover, there is also no concentrated drain outlet in the river basin of the ditch, thus, water pollution sources, which are mainly nonpoint source pollution caused by a small amount of cultivated lands. Closed oil well doesn’t pollute water quality of the reservoir, and nonpoint source pollutants such as pesticide and chemical fertilizer, etc remained in original cultivated lands won’t cause lasting impacts on water quality of reservoir after taking measures like cleaning of reservoir zone and diluting prior to water storage. Furthermore, water quality of the reservoir won’t become worse with the establishment of water source protection after the water

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storage.

4.1.1.3 Assessment of Impacts on Groundwater

(1) Construction period According to the project feasibility study, groundwater in the project areas mainly comprises Quaternary groundwater and bedrock crevice groundwater. With consideration to the characteristics of construction, impacts on loose accumulative formation would mainly come from the construction of siphons and deeply-buried pipeline. The construction of overpassing structures crossing canals and rivers will produce some impacts on groundwater in the creviced shallow loose accomulative formations, resulting in groundwater table dropping in parts of the construction area. Nonetheless, as a linear project, the scale of the excavation is limited and, moreover, as the recharge area of the loose accumulative formation is widespread, the construction work will not cause large-scale groundwater declination. Moreover, it also has no impact on existing underground water users.Based on existing experiences, the project construction would inevitably cause partial damages to the water tunnels’ bedrock crevide water recharge and discharge systems. However, as the project is located in an arid area with little groundwater, the tunneling area would unlikely cause large-scale damage to bedrock crevice water recharge and discharge systems.(2) Operation periodImpacts on groundwater during project operation would mainly be increase of surface water volume in the service area when trans-region water transfer is underway. Some self-owned wells of industrial firms for which the project can cover would be gradually shut down to cut groundwater extraction and increase groundwater recharge to service areas Project operation is expected to elevate groundwater table in low-lying districts along the Yan River in the downtown area of Yan’an City. It would play a positive role in alleviating the problems of groundwater over-extraction and pollution.

4.1.1.4 Assessment of Impacts on Water Temperature

1) Impacts of water pipeline on temperature As the project carries water in buried pipeline, including some tunnels, the system can, to a certain degree, keep the water temperature stable. According to the findings of similar projects in China, the water temperature at the intake terminal and extracting terminal are about the same. Therefore, the water pipeline would have minor impacts on water temperature.2) Assessment of water temperature in Kangjiagou Reservoir

Based on computation, the reservoir is of α=0.05 ＜ 10 and stratified temperature type. The

surface temperature varies with air temperature, in most cases slightly higher than the latter. Generally speaking, water temperature in the reservoir falls directionally as water goes deeper, but it goes contrary in icy wintertime. The temperatures at different depths vary regularly on a yearly basis, the degree of change lessens as it goes deeper. As the Kangjiagou Reservoir’s capacity is relatively small, water temperature is similar with the air temperature. According to

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analysis, temperature gap between surface and bottom of the reservoir water is generally 1-2 ,℃ average discharge temperature about 10 , varying little from the Yellow River water intake.℃ Therefore, the reservoir would have minor impacts on temperature of supplied water.

4.1.1.5 Assessment of Impacts on water quality of Kangjiagou Reservoir

As Kangjiagou Reservoir is located in a hilly region of dry gullies without year-long waterflow, residents, industrial firms or concentrated sewage discharge outlets, there is few pollution sources. Pollution source is mainly non-point source pollution from a small amount of cultivated land. By taking measures like reservoir bottom cleaning and oil well sealing before reservoir impoundment, pollutants like pesticide and fertilizer residues in the former farmland would not create lasting impacts on water quality of the reservoir, following the bottom cleaning up. On top of that, after the reservoir is impounded, establishment of the water source protection zone would protect water quality from deteriorating.

4.1.2 Ecological Environment

4.1.2.1 Assessment of Impacts on Terrestrial

Project implementation and reservoir inundation would cause some farmland and wild slope land losses that would mainly inflict damages on the crops and a small number of fruit trees, forest land and grassland. As the types and species of the vegetation in the area are far and sparse, the land occupation of the project would not affect the diversity and distribution of the land vegetation in general. The land occupation will affect local agriculture in short term, but as the project involves mainly underground pipelines, the system will not cause eco-system segmentation or discontinuity. With the completion of the construction and manual or natural vegetation restoration, the regional vegetation ecology will remain basically stable. Though the construction will affect animal habitats, forcing small land animals to move to the neighboring areas and cause reduction of their numbers, the impact will be temporary. It will be gradually restored upon completion of the project and would not affect the integrity and stability of terrestrial life eco-system. Moreover, there is no rare and protected animal/plant species in the area. Therefore, the project construction’s impact on terrestrial life would be limited, temporary and restorable.

4.1.2.2 Assessment of Impacts on Aquatic Ecology

1) Impacts on aquatic plantsSurvey indicates that there are no economically significant or national protected algae species in the water area of intake section of the Yellow River. Pumping station construction activities such as excavation may have adverse impacts on some algae, especially periphyticv algae. Since algae is distributed extensively with a large amount and proliferate fast, species and quantities of algae community in the affected areas would restore and reestablish to the original level after the completion of construction activities. Increased water supply to service areas after project

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operation would improve aquatic environment in these areas, hence providing favorable conditions for hydrophyte in the Yan and Qingjian Rivers and contributing to growth of their population. After completion of regulating reservoirs such as Kangjiagou and Baighsugua reservoirs, expanded water area of these reservoirs would create favorable environment for hygrophyte by providing larger living space and better living conditions.2) Impacts on aquatic invertebratesThere are 11 zooplankton species and 14 benthic animals in the Yellow River section where water intake is located. Average BOD of zooplankton is 0.1452 mg/L. During construction, pipe slope excavation and filling at pumping station may generate some pollution to water quality on the right bank and produce some impacts on aquatic invertebrates. After construction completion, with the increase of water supply volume in the service area, the return water annually generated is 23.06 million m3 and it is discharged into Yan River when reaching IB standard after being treated. The annual minimum runoff in Yan River Baota area section is only 89 million m3 and cutoff even appears in the dry seasons from December to February. The discharged return water, which has been treated, will increase the runoff of Yan River obviously, make width of riverbed surface increase and also keep watercourse from cutoff, increase aquatic plants, improve habitat and foraging environment of aquatic invertebrates of Yan River, create larger water area in regulating reservoir, thereby creating more feeding sites and habitats suitable for zooplankton and benthic animals. Therefore, in the long run, implementation of Yan’an water supply project would be favorable to the existence of aquatic invertebrates.3) Impacts on fishesAccording to earlier literature and data, middle reach of Yellow River mainstream has abundant fishery resources and has about 20 fish species, which mainly belong to carp, cobitidae and catfish families and include 6 fishes unique to the Yellow River and Shaanxi Province. These fishes are mainly distributed in river sections upstream Wubao of Fugu County and sections downstream Longmen of Hancheng City. Status quo survey results show Yellow River water intake of the project is located in the Shanxi and Shaanxi valley section on the mainstream of middle Yellow River. This deep valley section has steep cliffs on both banks of the river, swift water flow and only a few mudflats. Affected by natural elements such as steep decline of drop in Hukou, Longmen and other sections, and by Tianqiao Hydropower Station and Samenxia Dam, this valley section has relatively small amount of fish population, especially that migratory fishes have been declining in recent years and fishes tend to become smaller. This section is the migratory passageway only for some regional fishes and has no distribution of spawning, feeding and over-wintering grounds for fishes in sections 5km upstream and downstream of the project’s water intake. Project impacts on fishes in the middle reach of Yellow River mainstream are discussed below:1) Impacts of diverting water from the Yellow River on fishes During construction of the project’s water intake pumping station, excavation of bankside pump

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house, intake layout and other factors would have some impacts on activities of above fishes. As pumping station at the water intake is located on bankside and there are no permanent river blocking structures, moreover, the pumping pipe inlet of the pump station is arranged in the river channel, which is about 10 m from the river bank, and is buried under the low water level of the river section with 95% assurance. Because the surface of the watercourse at the water inlet is about 280 m wide in the dry seasons and about 480 m in the wet seasons, the river section width affected by the arrangement of water intake is only 4% of the surface of the watercourse in the dry seasons and only 2% of that in the wet seasons; according to the design of the project, the fish net, which is fixed on the concrete pile at the middle of the watercourse, is arranged 300 m at the upstream and 50 m at the downstream of the water intake, and within the range with the depth of 20 m from the river bank. In addition, filter casing is provided at the pumping pipe inlet. Hole size for both the fish net and the filter casing is 1cm×1cm, which can prevent floating weeds and fishes in the watercourse from entering the pumping pipe of the pump station. Therefore, construction and operation of the intake pumping station would have limited disturbance to water bodies in the section and would not generate evident impacts on fish population and resources in the section.After operation of Yan’an Water Supply Project, the maximum diversion flowrate in the planned capacity year of 2030 is 1.63 m3/s, which is only 1% of minimum flowrate of the Yellow River during the driest season. Hence, water diversion would not have significant impacts on hydrological regime in this section. According to Water Resources Assessment Report for Yan’an Water Supply Project, ecological flowrate at the intake section is 100m3/s. According to the project design, water would not be diverted when Yellow River flowrate is below 100m3/s and would be supplied by Baishugua and Kangjiagou reservoirs. During its operation, the project would not have impacts on ecological flowrate in the Yellow River mainstream, or block river courses, or significantly change current silt and runoff regimes in the river courses. Therefore, project implementation would not result in decline in fish population. ii) Impacts of return water on fishes in water-receiving areasReturn water from the project would be discharged to the Yan River. Based on survey of status quo aquatic life in the river, the number of aquatic life and fish species are very small due to significant changes in its flow during dry and wet seasons, lower flow in recent years, considerable amount of sedimentation and severe water pollution. According to water balance calculations, by 2030 when the project reaches its planned water supply capacity, it would generate 23.06 million m3 of return water a year. Discharge of treated return water can help increase runoff in the Yan River section in service areas and would not result in water pollution, thereby improving water and ecological environment in the river and contributing to the growth of fish population.

4.1.2.3 Assessment of Impacts on Agricultural Ecology

1) Impacts of land occupation on agricultural ecology

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Impacts of project land occupation and acquisition on agricultural ecology would be caused mainly by land occupation for project construction and changes in land use patterns, which would result in farmland reduction and decline of average bio-productivity. However, in general, only total 141.76 hm2 of land would be acquired for the project, including 25.96 hm2 of cultivated land to be permanently occupied, which is only about 0.04% of total 69, 000 hm2 of land to be affected by the project. Therefore, farmland occupied for project construction is small and changes in regional bio-productivity due to land occupation would not be significant. 2) Impacts of project operation on agricultural ecologyAccording to the Feasibility Study Report, after completion and operation of Yan’an Water Supply Project, in the long term, 27.470 million m3 of water would be supplied a year to the central areas of Yan’an for domestic and industrial uses. As planned by Yan’an Municipal Government and after water is supplied, some self-drilled wells in the urban areas would be closed. Supplied industrial water would reduce diversion from the Yan River and return irrigation and ecological water to the river, thereby indirectly enhancing irrigation water assurance in the water-receiving areas and increasing irrigation water. Some dry lands would be converted to paddy fields with higher productivity. Irrigation conditions for most remaining dry lands would be significantly improved and average bio-productivity in the project areas would increase significantly.

4.1.3 Soil Erosion Impact Prediction

In accordance with Soil and Water Conservation Scheme Report of Shaanxi Yanchuan Yellow River Diversion Project (draft for approval) (Shaanxi River Resources Engineering Consultants Ltd, Aug. 2009), newly increased soil erosion impact prediction results of Yan’an water supply project is briefed as follows:4.1.3.1 Prediction range and periodThe soil erosion prediction range of China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project is 133.82 hm2

for the construction preparation period, 250.48 hm2 for the construction period and 220.48 hm2

for the natural restoration period. The prediction period includes construction preparation period (including the preparatory period), construction period and natural restoration period. See table 4-4 for details.4.1.3.2 Prediction contents and methodsPrediction contents include area of disturbed original landscape, damaged soil and water conservation facilities; volume of spoil, newly increased volume soil erosion and hazard analysis of possible soil erosion. See table 4-5 for prediction contents and methods of soil erosion of China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project.Table 4-4 Prediction range and period division of soil erosion of China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project

Area Prediction range (hm2) Prediction period (year)

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Construction preparation period (including the preparatory period)

Construction period

Natural restoration period

Construction preparation period (including the preparatory period)

Construction period

Natural restoration period

Yan’an water supply project

Diversion area 30.00 2.5

Waterline area 61.82 61.82 2.5 3

Pump station (water plant)_area

4.84 4.84 2.5 3

Emergency regulating reservoir area

20.0 20.0 2.5 3

Construction road area 70.95 70.95 70.95 1 2.5 3

Construction production and living facility area

34.25 34.25 34.25 1 2.5 3

Borrow area 8.40 8.40 8.40 1 2.5 3

Spoil dump site area 20.22 20.22 20.22 1 2.5 3

Total 133.82 250.48 220.48

Table 4-5 prediction contents and methods of soil erosion

Prediction items Prediction contents Prediction methods

Area of disturbed and damaged original surface

Count the category and area of original surface disturbed or damaged by the project in accordance with the land occupancy of the project in each prediction unit.

Determine by consulting design data and drawings of main construction and combining land utilization status survey in the project area

Damaged soil and water conservation facilities

Count the area of facilities with soil and water conservation function in the area of original surface disturbed or damaged by the project

Determine various facilities with soil and water conservation function in accordance with related provisions of Shaanxi province and combining site investigation

Volume of spoil

Predict the volume of project permanent and temporary spoil and evaluate the reasonableness of slag yard planned by the main construction

Count and analyze for volume of earth-rock excavation and fill of buildings in the prediction unit

Volume of soil erosion

Background value of soil erosion

Determine the volume of soil erosion of original landscape

Determine in accordance with site investigation and data analysis and by consulting specifications and codes

Volume of soil erosion caused

Predicate the volume of soil erosion possibly caused by project construction

Predicate the volume of soil erosion based on natural conditions of subareas

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by project construction

activities under the natural factor influence within the soil erosion range

of the project and combining the construction technology of each subarea.

Newly increased volume of soil erosion

Increase of project soil erosion within the prediction year of soil erosion

Difference between the volume of soil erosion within the prediction range and period, and the volume of soil erosion caused by construction

Hazard analysis of possible soil erosion

Damage and influence of soil erosion on land resources and influence of soil erosion on project and surrounding ecological environment, etc

Qualitatively analyzing the influence possibly caused by newly increased soil erosion according to soil erosion prediction results and importance degree of water and soil conservation protection targets

4.1.3.3 Soil erosion prediction results and analysisTotal area of original landscape disturbed or damaged by the construction of China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project is 275.53 hm2 and of facilities with soil and water conservation functions damaged is 251.16 hm2. Newly increased soil erosion of China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project is from the construction period. Based on the calculation, within the soil erosion prediction period, total soil erosion that may be caused by original landscape disturbance or spoil discharge of the construction project is 182600 tons, among them, volume of soil erosion for original surface is 86700 tons and volume of newly increased soil erosion is 95900 tons. In the volume of newly increased soil erosion, the construction preparation period (including the preparatory period) covers 7500 tons, which accounts for 7.8% of total newly increased soil erosion, the construction period covers 59300 tons, which accounts for 61.8% of the total and the natural restoration period newly covers 29100 tons, which accounts for 30.4% of the total. Based on the vector analysis and calculation for newly increased soil erosion in different areas, volume of soil erosion produced by waterline area of this project may be largest, which accounts for 42.5% of the volume of newly increased soil erosion. Since the disturbance scope of the China Shaanxi Yan’an water supply project and earth-rock quantity are considerable, potential consequent soil erosion hazards may significantly increase soil losses with the intensity of erosion reaching extremely strong and severe levels, resulting in damages to original surface vegetation, soil productivity dropping of lands, sediment concentration increase of rivers, siltation of watercourses, which will endanger safe running of main construction and have some impacts on ecological environment in the project areas.

4.1.4 Social Environment

4.1.4.1 Assessment of Social Impacts during Construction

1) Socioeconomic impacts

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Yan’an Water Supply Project involves a total investment of RMB1.44 billion yuan, construction period of 38 months, 899,600 planned man-days and 1500 construction wokers on average. It will require 27700 tons of concrete, 951 tons of reinforcing steel bars, 141,100 m3 of rocks, 53,000 m3 of gravel and 78,500 m3 of sand. Construction materials would be procured mainly from: for concrete, reinforcing steel bars and timber, Baota District and Yanchuan County; for dynamite, gasoline and deasel, local chemical companies and Yanchang Petroleum Corporation; for sand and gravel, the nearby markets. Local procurement of the needed materials would boost the development of relevant industries. For machine maintenance and repairs, it would rely on local machine repair and maintenance services, as it would increase the income of local firms. In addition, labor required for the project would create jobs to alleviate local employment pressure. Along with the human and material resources input, local construction material, transportation and catering/entertainment industries, and economy at large, would experience a boom.2) Impacts on infrastructural facilitiesThere are complete road networks in the project areas and there are access roads to water conveyance pipeline and major structures. Construction transportation of this project would be provided solely by road and the vehicles are mostly large-sized trucks. Thus, number of transportation trucks in certain period during construction would drastically increase in certain road sections and consequently result in higher traffic pressure. As the project has wide range and dispersed construction sites, project construction would not affect traffic capacity of the above-mentioned roads as long as reasonable construction layout and scientific construction scheduling are in place.Infrastructural facilities affected by the World Bank financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project includes: 24 power poles, 29 oil wells, 3,000 meters of highway, 7,000 meters of telecommunication cables, and 8,500 meters of power lines. The affected telecommunication and power lines are state properties; and the roads are owned by the respective townships and collectives. For infrastructural facilities affected by the project construction but still with use demands, restoration should be implemented; otherwise, reasonable compensation should be provided. The project after restoration or compensation would not have significant impact on local production or living..3) Impacts of land occupationLand to be occupied by the project involves that for permanent and temporary uses, affecting Baota District of Yan’an City and 6 townships of Yanchuan County. The project would acquire 141.76 hm2 of land, of which, 27.64 hm2 would be permanently occupied. Land taken for permanent use includes that for the water diversion works, water treatment plants, pumping stations and access roads for operation and management. Types of land taken are mainly arid and barren hilly land. Land taken for temporary use is of 114.12 hm2, mainly used for excavation, debris holding, earth taking, debris dumping and access roads to the pipeline construction sites. The types of land taken are mostly orchards, arid and barren land as well as land for other uses. In land taken areas, the project would affect 35,747 scattered trees (25,626 fruit trees and 10,121 timber trees). Also, the land occupied for permanent use would affect some houses and land attachments, including 52 cave dwellings, 290 m2 of brick-concrete buildings and 60 m2 of brick-wood buildings.Land taken along the project route is mostly farmland, orchards and barren land, and 27.64 hm 2

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of land for permanent use are mostly arid arable land. Though land permanent occupation of the land will result in irreversible land-use change, as the agricultural purpose is lost for good, it will create little impact on the general situation of the land use due to the limitedness of the area. Despite the considerable land occupation for temporary purpose during the construction, which will largely affect the land use with damages to the orchards and vegetation on the barren land, with measures of land leveling, vegetation restoration, among others, upon completion of the construction, the original land use purpose will be repaired in 3-5 years. In the mean time, the debris and excavation ground restoration and reclamation for agricultural use will increase the amount of arable land slightly. Therefore, the project would not create noticeable impact on local agricultural development.Though the project would involve occupation of some scattered houses and land attachments, as it is mostly consisted of underground pipelines, the occupation is largely temporary and would only generate little impacts. In areas to be taken by the project, there is no need for population relocation and involve only compensation for land attachments as required by relevant state standards. The impacts on land attachments can be mitigated when compensation is made.In a nutshell, the project would not create significant impacts on the land resources and land utilization structure or agricultural development and social environment in the region.4) Impacts on west-east gas transmission pipelineYan’an Water Supply Project is consisted of 82.98km of water pipeline, going through Baota District and 6 townships of Yanchuan County. According to the feasibility study, the pipeline in the government financed component of the project, starting from Wangjiaqu 2nd Stage Pumping Station, would be laid in parallel with natural gas pipeline of the West-East Natural Gas Transmission Program, and from stake 0+430m, going northwestward for about 1km along the bottom land on Zhaojiagou gully’s right side, making the two pipelines close to each other with two intersections. Impacts on the natural gas pipeline can be averted through well controlled and managed construction operations, strictly following the Law on Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Protection, to ensure the safe operation of the gas pipeline and smooth construction of water pipeline at the same time. The project has received support and consent from the West-East Natural Gas Transmission Corporation. A practical plan has been developed for safe construction of the water pipeline in parallel with and crossing the gas pipeline. Through close cooperation of the two sides, impacts on the gas pipeline from the water pipeline construction can be avoided.5) Impacts on cultural relics The project would produce some impacts on the living environment of local residents from machinery, explosive and excavation noises and transportation dust and emission pollution. However they can be reduced by making appropriate arrangements of the timing and location of the construction operation, strictly observing the requirements for “civilized operation” and noise and dust reduction. Moreover, the impacts would be temporary, as they would cease when construction is completed.According to field survey and map analysis, Yanchuan Yellow River Shequ National Geological Park is located downstream from the Yellow River water diversion intake of government financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project. However, the Yellow river water intake of this project is about 10 km from the nearest north end of Yellow River Meander Bends National Geopark, Yanchuan and the water delivery pipeline from the water intake to Yan’an is also far from this Geopark. Therefore, the project construction has no impact on it. As the water intake is

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an immobile pumping station, occupying about 10 mu of land, and the project construction has small disturbance range and has no obvious change for natural landscape at the bank of Yellow River. Besides, there are no cultural relics or scenic spots in the affected areas, therefore, the project construction would create no impacts on local cultural heritage or scenic sites.No cultural relics or heritage sites have been found in the project areas. If underground cultural resources are found during construction, they would be immediately reported to relevant authorities and strict protection measures would be taken. 6) Impacts on human health The number of construction workers would reach 1,310 during peak construction period of the World Bank financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project and construction would last for 38 months. Stationing of construction teams would possibly introduce foreign diseases. And densely populated construction camps would increase probabilities of infections among construction workers and local residents. If no measures are taken to improve sanitation, drinking water and food safety, project construction would pose potential threats to human health in the project areas.The number of construction workers would reach 700 during peak construction period of the government financed component. High workload and relatively poor living conditions in construction camps may cause prevalence of epidemics such as hepatitis and dysentery. In order to prevent infectious disease, approaching constructors shall be supervised, actively inspected and treated, in addition, health education shall be provided and personnel shall be encouraged to take protective measures. Medical institution shall be constructed in work area to provide medical services and also inoculation to workers to avoid infection. Personal protective equipment shall be provided to ensure health and safety of construction workers and smooth implementation of the project. During early impounding period of Kangjiagou and Baishugua reservoirs, inundated cultivated land, toilets, manure pits, livestock farms and graveyards may result in water pollution and provide conditions for mosquito breeding. As water storage level rises, mice would move to surrounding areas and create more human contact opportunities, which would have adverse impacts on control of natural-source diseases caused by pest and mouse vectors. Attention shall be paid to controlling these diseases and corresponding protection measures shall be taken.

4.1.4.2 Assessment of Social Impacts during Operation

1) Socioeconomic impacts

Service areas of Yan’an Water Supply Project are located in in the city’s central area, which is the political, economic and cultural center of northern Shaanxi. Yan’an is a city with resource-oriented water shortages. In recent years, with urban population growth and city expansion, water for urban domestic and industrial use is increasingly scarce with frequent shortages of water for human and livestock use in years when incoming flow of Wangyao Reservoir is low. Water shortages have become one of major constraints to socioeconomic development in urban

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areas of Yan’an. According to statistics, in 2009, Yan’an’s total population was 2.15 million, including 340,000 in the central areas (inclusive of Yaodian Industrial Park); its GDP reached RMB88.542 billion yuan, economic growth reached 13.63% and per capita GDP was 41.093 yuan. It is planned that by 2030 the city’s urban area would reach 42km2, population would reach 500,000 and two industrial bases, five industrial parks and 12 key industrial projects would have been completed. After its completion and 2030 when it reaches the planned capacity, Yan’an Water Supply Project would supply 27.47 million m3 of water to the city’s urban areas for domestic and industrial uses and would serve 500,000 people and cover an area of 40km2, thereby largely mitigating near- and medium-term water shortages constraining the city’s socioeconomic development and eliminating water crisis. It is projected that annual economic benefits of water supply would reach 350 million yuan. Therefore, project implementation has significant social and economic benefits and would greatly contribute to sustainable socioeconomic development in Yan’an’s urban areas, improving infrastructure conditions and promoting development of the city’s pillar industries, including petro-chemical industry, green agriculture and “red” (revolutionary base) tourism. 2) Impacts of inundation by reservoirsReservoir inundation of the project involves Baishugua Reservoir and Kangjiagou Reservoir. Main environmental impacts of reservoir works are impacts due to reservoir inundation. Total capacity of Baishugua Reservoir is 8.524 million m3 and its total inundated area is 24.87hm2, including 0.85hm2 of dry cultivated land, 15.67hm2 of forestland, 1.92hm2 of orchard, 4.96hm2 of grassland, and 1.47hm2 of land for development activities. The inundated areas do not have coal, oil and gas resources or structures and the original gullies already dried up. Large amount of forestland and grassland and little cultivated land would be inundated by the reservoir and hence would only have minor impacts on local residents, which can be mitigated or avoided through reclaiming the same amount and quality of cultivated land, forestland and grassland. For a few local residents to be relocated due to housing demolition as a result of reservoir construction, impacts on their production and livelihoods would be minor if appropriate and rational measures are taken. Total capacity of Kangjiagou Reservoir is 2.89 million m3 and its total inundated area is 8.8hm2, including 1.52hm2 of dry cultivated land, 2.01hm2 of forestland, 4hm2 of orchard and 1.27hm2 of grassland. The original gullies already dried up and land to be inundated is mainly orchard, dry cultivated land and grassland. If reasonable measures are taken for balancing the occupation and replenishing cultivated land, losses to local land use can be mitigated. There would be no people to be relocated or rural roads in the inundated areas, and there would be no impacts on local transport. Twenty nine oil wells of Qinghuabian Oil Production Plant of Yanzhang Petroleum Group would be inundated. These wells have low production capacity and are all in the later years of their designed lifetime. As socioeconomic benefits of Yan’an Water Supply Project are much greater than losses from oil well closure, Yan’an Oil Coordination Office has requested the

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Group to close these wells before reservoir impoundment. The group has agreed to close the wells in the construction period of this project and also provided well closing schedule and measures. Thus, inundation of oil wells by the reservoir can be properly addressed through consultations. 3) Impacts on human health There were no water-related endemic or epidemic diseases occurred in the service areas of Yan’an Water Supply Project during the last three years. Quality of water diverted from the Yellow River meets drinking water quality standards; water treated by water plants and supplied for urban domestic and industrial uses would not create new sources and avenues of infections. Therefore, in general this project would not result in increase of infectious disease incidence.In addition, survey indicates that current epidemics such as hepatitis and dysentery in the service areas are mostly closely related to living conditions, particularly drinking water hygiene conditions. The World Bank financed component would improve drinking water conditions of urban residents in Yan’an, ensure drinking water safety and help control incidence and transmission of hepatitis, dysentery and other diseases, hence helping improve the health of people in water supply areas. In general, given there is complete antiepidemic networks at all levels in the project areas, project construction would not cause significant adverse impacts on human health as long as effective antiepidemic measures are taken and attention is paid to sanitation and elimination of mosquitoes, flies, mice and pests. From the perspective of rural and urban drinking water safety, project implementation would contribute to improving water supply quality and would help improve human health in the project areas.

4.1.5 Solid Waste

4.1.5.1 Assessment of Solid Waste Impacts during Construction

1) Impacts of spoil and debrisConstruction spoil and debris from Yan’an Water Supply Project would amount to 316,000m3, which mainly comprises earth and rock excavation for water conveyance tunnels and reservoir dam foundation. Construction debris mainly includes sand, which doesn’t contain toxic substances. Environmental impacts of spoil and debris are mainly destructions to natural landscape and generation of soil erosion. If piled up at tunnel entrance and exist, spoil and debris would inevitably affect landscape around the construction site. Meanwhile, loose spoil can easily generate dust pollution during windy seasons and is prone to rainwater washing during rainy seasons, and thus can easily generate soil erosion.2) Impacts of domestic solid wasteAnalogical surveys find that composition of domestic solid waste during construction is simplex with about 60% being inorganic waste (discarded construction materials) and about 40% being organic waste.

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During the peak month of construction, government financed component of Yan’an Water Supply Project would have about 700 workers. Calculated based on per capita domestic solid waste generation of 0.5kg per day and solid waste capacity of 0.6t/m3, on average the project would generate 0.6m3 of domestic solid waste per day and total waste during construction would reach about 200 tons. During the peak month of construction, the World Bank financed component of the project would have 1,300 workers. Calculated based on per capita domestic solid waste generation of 0.5kg per day and solid waste capacity of 0.6t/m3, on average the project would generate 1.1m3

of domestic solid waste per day and total waste during construction would amount to about 370 tons. Domestic solid waste mainly comes from construction sites for pumping stations, pipeline, tunnels and water plants. As these construction sites are dispersed, domestic solid waste production at each of the sites is very small. Domestic solid waste mainly includes discarded materials during daily life, peel, meal leftovers and vegetable leaves. If not treated properly, domestic solid waste would destroy natural landscape and generate environmental pollution.

4.1.5.2 Assessment of Solid Waste Impacts during Operation

Solid waste during operation includes sludge from water plants and domestic solid waste from management stations for multi-stage booster pumping stations and water plants. Dry sludge generated by Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant would reach 4.7 tons per day. Sludge contains some bacteria and microorganisms. Discharge of improperly treated sludge would result in secondary pollution to water bodies and atmospheric environment and significant harms to the ambient environment. Calculated based on per capita domestic solid waste production of 0.5kg per day, management stations would produce 84kg of domestic solid waste per day during operation, bringing the total amount to 30.2 tons a year. Domestic solid waste mainly includes discarded materials during daily life, peel, meal leftovers and vegetable leaves. If not treated properly, domestic solid waste would have adverse impacts on surrounding landscape and environment. During the peak month of construction, the World Bank financed component of the project would have 1,300 workers. Calculated based on per capita domestic solid waste generation of 0.5kg per day and solid waste capacity of 0.6t/m3, on average the project would generate 1.1m3

of domestic solid waste per day and total waste during construction would amount to about 370 tons. Domestic solid waste mainly comes from construction sites for pumping stations, pipeline, tunnels and water plants. As these construction sites are dispersed, domestic solid waste production at each of the sites is very small. Domestic solid waste mainly includes discarded materials during daily life, peel, meal leftovers and vegetable leaves. If not treated properly, domestic solid waste would destroy natural landscape and generate environmental pollution.

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4.1.6 Atmospheric Environment and Acoustic Environment

4.1.6.1 Assessment of Impacts on Atmospheric Environment

1) Impacts of blasting and excavationOpen blasting activities mostly concentrate in openings of tunnels. Application of air drill and millisecond electric blasting would generate less dust and produce particles in larger diameters, which can easily settle. Additionally, explosion dust is emitted in an intermittent manner; therefore dust pollution caused by explosion would have limited scope and extent. Monitoring data of other similar projects reveal that affected range of TSP from explosion is generally less than 100m and there are no acoustic environment sensitive targets in the project areas. Therefore, blasting would only have certain impacts on construction workers and management staff on the site. Construction activities, including excavation and filling, soil and gravel aggregate loading and unloading, and construction spoil dumping, would have some impacts on air quality of areas along construction routes, dumping sites and areas surrounding the construction sites. Construction route and site selection have been designed to avoid large-size centralized residential areas, therefore, survey and analysis carried out by other similar projects show that air impacts of construction activities on residents in the sensitive locations can be controlled at acceptable levels after stringent mitigation measures are taken during construction.2) Impacts of concrete mixing systemConcrete mixing facilities would generate dust pollution during transportation and loading/unloading and have some impacts on ambient air quality. Based on analysis of already completed Wangyao Reservoir Water Supply Project, the layout of 26 construction sites in 8 construction zones under Yan’an Water Supply Project is reasonable. If appropriate mitigation measures are taken, impacts on ambient air quality can be brought under acceptable levels. 3) Impacts of traffic dustAs onsite roads during construction are mostly macadam roads, vehicle transportation would cause dust in dry weather conditions. Increased vehicles during construction would result in higher particulate content along the road, which would have some impacts on ambient air quality and affect construction workers and local residents. As long as road maintenance and watering for dust control are conducted during construction, impacts on sensitive residential areas would be acceptable.4) Impacts of waste gas from fuel combustionWaste gas from transportation vehicles, road building machine and diesel generators would affect ambient air quality along the construction route. Although with long construction route and dispersed emission of and easy-to-diffuse waste gas, necessary protection measures are still required to protect local residents.

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4.1.6.2 Assessment of Impacts on Acoustic Environment

1) Impacts of fixed noise source

Pursuant to route selection principles and overall layout of Yan’an Water Supply Project, water conveyance pipeline, pumping stations and water plants are mostly far away from sensitive points and all sensitive targets including Haojiaxinzhuang Village and Zhaojiahe Village are more than 100m away from the construction sites. Site survey shows there are two settlements of Xinshegu Village which are closer to the construction site boundary, but the distance is more than 50m and construction activities would only have minor impacts on them. Therefore, noise from excavators, drilling machine and other machinery would have minor impacts on the ambient environment.

2) Impacts of mobile noise sourceThere are settlements on both sides of some construction access road sections, such as roads between pipeline construction sites and National Highway 210 and between pipeline construction sites and Yongyan Township road. These settlements are about 30-40m away from these access roads. Therefore, traffic noise would not have impacts on the settlements.

4.2 Environmental Protection Measures

In accordance with project environmental impact assessment results and by summarizing environmental protection measures in different stages, environmental impact common migration measures of China Yan’an water supply project are given in table 4-6, environmental impact mitigation measures of China Yan’an water supply project under the World Bank financed component are shown in table 4-7 and environmental impact mitigation measures of China Yan’an water supply project under the Government financed component are shown in table 4-8.

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Table 4-6 Environmental Impact Common Migration Measures of China Yan’an Water Supply Project Period Medium Mitigation Measures

Implementing agency

Supervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item Cost

Des

ign

stag

e

Water Environment

(1) Water environment protection requirements were considered as much as possible during design for selection of quarry and spoil sites to achieve maximum project benefits with minimum disturbance and changes to the environment; (2) Construction activities for siphons and aqueducts involving rivers (ditches) are carried out during dry season; (3) Adequate considerations were given to water environment protection requirements during design of construction sites and land acquisition/occupation.

Design institute

Project Owner

Ecological Environment

(1) Efforts shall be made to minimize land occupation area and disturbance area during design. During site selection for pipeline, reservoirs, construction access roads and spoil sites, special attention shall be paid to avoiding sensitive protection points, such as villages and national and provincial highways to ensure that there are no planted rare national protected plants within the scope of acquired and occupied land. (2) During tendering, bids of construction teams shall include environmental protection measures. Construction teams with strong environmental awareness and good track records shall be selected;(3) Environmental education campaigns shall be carried out for construction workers on how to protect vegetation and terrestrial and aquatic animals in the project areas.

Design institute

Project Owner

Social Environment

1) Optimizing pipeline alignment to reduce intersection with west-east gas transmission pipeline and ensure safe construction and operation of both water conveyance pipeline and gas transmission pipeline; 2) Optimizing site selection and layout of pumping stations and water plants to minimize idle occupied land and land losses while fulfilling project tasks for phased water supply. (3) The scheme of road construction with feasible technology, less removal land occupancy and reasonable investment, and possibly free from environmental influence is selected on the basis of feasibility study stage by comparing and optimizing various schemes and details are as follows:Feasibility study stage: in waterline area of Yan’an water supply project: newly constructed roads: 62.3 km, repaired roads: 25.43 km, utilization of existing roads: 75.2 km; in station and reservoir areas: newly constructed roads: 10 km, volume of stone and earthworks: 28800 m3, spoil dump site: 18, with land occupancy of 32.65 hm2 and vegetation occupancy of 14.69 hm2; in initial design stage: in waterline area of Yan’an water supply project: newly constructed roads: 39.18 km, repaired roads: 29.43 km, utilization of existing roads: 95.8 km; in station and reservoir areas: newly constructed roads: 8 km, volume of stone and earthworks: 241100 m3, spoil dump site: 16, with land occupancy of 25.34 hm2 and vegetation occupancy of 11.45 hm2 .

Design institute

Project Owner

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Con

stru

ctio

n

Wat

er e

nviro

men

t

Wastewater from sand and gravel aggregate processing

Natural sedimentation with sedimentation for 6 hours is adopted.

Contractor Project Owner

The

Ow

ner e

ntru

sts t

he q

ualif

ied

orga

niza

tion

to im

plem

ent i

n th

e w

ay o

f C

ontra

ct

SS, pH and wastewater

flow

Wastewater from

concrete mixing

Sand prone to sedimentation is removed using simple sedimentation tank.

SS, pH and wastewater

flow

Wastewater from

construction machinery

maintenance

This wastewater is treated using oil separation tanks; treated wastewater is reused and waste oil is collected.

CODCr, volatile

phenol and petroleum

Domestic Wastewater

During construction of Kangjiagou Reservoir, human waste is treated through dry toilets and domestic wastewater is treated using a set of equipment. Contractor Project

Owner

Entru

st th

e qu

alifi

ed

orga

niza

tion CODcr,

BOD5, fecal coliform

bacteria, TP, TN and LAS

Reservoir Bottom

Cleaning Up

1) Sanitary cleaningSeptic tanks, digesters, manure pits, public conveniences and waste in animal stalls in the reservoir area shall be thoroughly cleaned. For residues that cannot be cleaned, equivalent amount of quicklime or chlorinated lime at 1kg/m2 shall be used for disinfection purpose. Treated manure shall meet requirements in Sanitary Standards for Hazard-free Treatment of Manure. Treatment of wastewater, pollutants, garbage and manure in the polluted areas is carried out in line with Technical Specifications for Disinfection issued by the Ministry of Health. Named tombs shall be removed from the reservoir area before specified deadlines and unattended tombs would be handles as unnamed tombs. Tombs with the history of below 15 years and soil around them shall be dried in the sun or backfilled after treatment with 4% chlorinated lime at 1-  2kg/m2. For unnamed tombs, corpses shall be dig out and burned and tombs with the history of over 15 years shall be compacted. Mice killing activities are carried out in areas around the reservoir and in residential blocks, free markets, warehouses, slaughterhouses, Landfills and areas 100 meters around them. Such activities shall

Contractor Project Owner

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

be completed within 2-3 months after resettlement or 2-3 months before impoundment. Highly toxic drugs are banned and baits with anticoagulant shall used instead. When collecting, removing, hauling and disposing of solid waste, measures such as sealing up, covering, bundling, water spraying and using sealed up containers shall be taken to prevent environmental pollution. Domestic solid wastes at Landfills shall be treated locally to remove hazards and to turn them into resources. Hazard-free treatment is normally conducted using methods such as composting, burning and sanitary filling. Waste mineral oil, waste organic solvents, waste oil, waste acid, waste alkali liquid and hazardous wastes specified in National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes shall be moved to designated locations above the resettlement line and treated following relevant national regulations.Inundated oil wells shall be closed up in accordance with relevant specifications and close-up acceptance and follow-up monitoring shall be conducted. Waste oil tanks and polluted soil around derricks shall be moved out of the reservoir area to remove potential safety perils. 2) Building/structure removal All houses, power transmission cables and ground structures as well as their auxiliary facilities in the inundated areas are to be demolished, walls pulled down and flattened and debris that cannot be reused and floatables moved away. House foundation and wire pole (tower) foundation are to be cleaned and leveled, and asphalt roads in reservoir area are to be loosened and surface layer is to be cleaned and transported.3) Tree removalTrees, bushes and shrubs in the inundated areas shall be felled to the ground and floatables be moved away, and the remaining stumps must be kept below 0.3m.

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item CostEc

olog

ical

env

ironm

ent

Terr

estri

al e

colo

gy

1) Construction activities shall be carried out by sections and reasonably arranged from temporal and spatial perspectives to avoid idle acquired land while restoration activities shall be carried out in parallel with construction to minimize adverse impacts on terrestrial vegetation. 2) Pipe trenches shall be excavated by layers, i.e. topsoil and bottom soil shall be piled up separately. Pipe trenches shall also be backfilled by layers, i.e. topsoil is backfilled on top of bottom soil to maintain the original soil environment for plants. When backfilling is carried out, it is necessary to adequately keep a suitable staking layer to prevent surface subsidence and soil erosion due to rainfall and runoff. 3) Different hydraulic protection measures shall be taken corresponding to different circumstances in areas with crossing of pipeline, especially in tunnel excavation sections. Grouted-stone protection slopes, canals, rolled earth dams, culverts and anchors shall be set up. 4) Management of construction camps shall be strengthened by building administration and living facilities in the designated locations to minimize vegetation damage. All pollutants generated during construction shall be properly disposed of and solid waste while domestic solid waste shall be treated in a central location and shall not be randomly dumped. 5) Warning signs will be put up in construction sites to indicate construction area. Construction activities will be confined in the pre-designated area. Construction workers are not allowed to enter non-construction area to avoid damages to historical and rare trees that may be found and vegetation outside the construction scope.6) Temporary spoil shall be piled up and covered as required by relevant regulations and backfilled in a timely manner. Spoil that cannot be backfilled shall be timely removed to effectively control the impacts of spoil. 7) When construction activities such as excavation along the pipeline will result in harms to key plants under national protection, relevant forest authorities shall be informed in a timely manner and relocation shall be done when necessary as required by applicable regulations.8) Construction management shall be strengthened to reduce mechanical noise, reduce night-time activities, avoid disturbances of light and noise to animals working at night time and prevent fire hazard caused by blasting activities, thereby minimizing impacts on terrestrial animals and plants.9) Ecological protection dissemination and education will be provided for construction workers and residents during construction in the forms of public notice and brochure. Capture of frogs, snakes, birds and beasts shall be prohibited to mitigate impacts of construction activities on local terrestrial animals and effective measures shall be taken to control harms from mice.

Contractor Project Owner

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Aqu

atic

Eco

logy

1) Environmental protection awareness shall be improved. Environmental and resource protection shall be fully considered during construction. The principle of “Three Synchronous Actions” for project construction and resource protection shall be adhered to. 2) Activities including sand and gravel acquisition from the river course, dumping of construction debris to river, change of river route and increase of sediment charge shall be minimized or eliminated during construction, as these activities would have significant direct impacts on fish growth and reproduction as well as fish habitat. Particularly in fish reproduction period, activities such as exploration, construction debris dumping to river and gravel drawn from river will greatly damage natural environment and affect fish spawning and reproduction, and shall be minimized.

3) The disturbed vegetation damaged by the construction shall be recovered as soon as possible to prevent water and soil loss and avoid and reduce silt and hazardous substances into rivers and reservoir and consequent damage to water environment and fishery

Contractor Project Owner

5) Construction of wastewater treatment facilities in towns and townships in the irrigated areas shall be accelerated and management and supervision shall be strengthened to ensure environmental requirements are strictly enforced for construction. Domestic sewage and industrial wastewater is prohibited to be discharged into drinking water source protection area and other sensitive water bodies. For water body which discharge is allowed, discharge standards shall be strictly enforced to prevent pollution to aquatic environment.6) Fishery management shall be strengthened. Project management agency shall actively coordinate with local fishery agency in fish protection and education. Enforcement shall be strengthened through more frequent patrol and inspection and more stringent construction worker management. Fish capture by using explosive, electricity and toxic chemicals shall be prohibited.

Local government

Local government

61

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Con

stru

ctio

n

Soil

and

Wat

er C

onse

rvat

ion

Building on features of the project and construction organization, soil and water conservation measures for the project are implemented by zones including pipeline zone, station/plant zone, spoil site zone and construction production and camp site zone, etc. (1) Pipeline Zone i) Pipeline trench excavation protection measuresAccording to the design of pipeline trench construction, earth excavated from trenches would be temporarily put on one side of the trench, layer-by-layer. To prevent the earth from sliding or being washed away, straw bags woul be used to cover it up. In windy seasons, the earth would be covered with tarpaulin. According to the design, the stretch needing straw bags is 66.96km in total, requiring 33,480m3 of straw bags and 401,800 m2 of tarpaulin.When the pipeline is laid down, the earth removed will be backfilled into the trench in reverse order, layer by layer, and then the straw-bag protection will be taken down and the ground flattened. When backfilling, ramming and earthening are completed, the construction site will be leveled, loosened and refertilized to be handed back to local farmers for tilling. For slopeland, grass would be planted after being leveled. The grass species to be planted in the pipeline construction zone will be mainly wheatgrass and coronilla, with consideration to biodiversity and greening needs. In the construction belt, alfalfa and leguminosae will be planted. 11.68hm2 of grass will be planted in the pipeline construction zone for greening purpose.ii) Tunnel protection measures

As the earth removed for tunnel excavation is to be hauled over a long distance, it would be transported with battery tramcars to the entrance and temporarily dumped there. The debris then will be transported to the designated dumping site with trucks. Upon completion of the construction, the vegetation having suffered damages from the temporary dumping sites at the entrances of the tunnels will be restored. Following the completion of the construction, the debris dumps at the entrances and exits of the tunnels will be first leveled, loosened and refertilized and then restored to their original conditions. Plants to be grown are mostly comprised of brushes and grasses; caragana and sea-buckthorn for the brushes and alfafa and leguminosae for the grass. This part of land conservation efforts will involve ground leveling of 1,400m3 and bush and grass planting of 0.28hm2.

Contractor Project Owner

The

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to im

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f Con

tract

62

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Con

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Soil

and

Wat

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onse

rvat

ion

iii) Cross-river protection measures There are 74 cross-river locations for waterline of this project. Construction of cross-river inverted siphon requires cofferdam building. Partial filling materials of cofferdam are from excavation of crossing-river groove and partials are from pipe ditch excavation of waterline. In order to prevent new water and soil loss, the range of riverbed affected by the construction shall be cleaned and leveled and restored to original earth surface structure of the river bed. Soil from cofferdam shall be transported to dump site for disposal.(2) Station/Plant Zone In this zone, the protection measures involve mainly Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant, Yanshuiguan 1st Stage Pumping Station, Wangjiaqu 2nd and 3rd Stage Pumping Station, Gaojiawan Water Treatment Plant 4th Stage Pump Station, Xuejiagou 5th Stage Pumping Station and Gaojiageda 6th Stage Pumping Station. The main structures of the water treatment plants are comprised of clean-water pool, storage and regulating pool, pumping station, chlorination room, office building and auxiliary facilities; and the Gaojiawan, Xuejiagou and Gaojiageda pumping stations’ structures are mainly comprised of pre-intake pool, pumping room and auxiliary facilities. According to analysis, the part of construction that will produce soil erosion is attributable mainly to the large-scale excavation, earth removing and transportation, etc. The excavation of the clean-water pool, storage and regulating pool and pre-intake pool as well as wire pole (tower) foundation will likely result in soil erosion.To keep the construction of stations and plants from water ponding and protect the sides and exposed surface of the excavation site from surface runoffs, temporary ditches are designed for the road side and low-lying grounds. The temporary ditches will be built to be able to handle one hour’s heavy rain with trapezoidal cross-section, which is designed 0.5m wide at the bottom, 0.5m deep and of 1:0.5 slope ratio. The ditches will be connected to the drainage system outside the plants and stations. The designed ditch will be of 6,644m in total length that requires 1,595m3 of earth excavation. According to the construction design, the foundation excavation for the stations and plants will be conducted separately, which require 33,400 m3 of temporary protective earthen works. Temporary debris dumps are designed for collectively storing excavation backfill. In addition, the synthetic fiber fabrics are provided around the dumps for protection. After plant construction completes, vegetation restoration is required at the exposed surface resulted from excavation or backfill of power supply lines and the open space of the plant also should be greened. (3) Dump Site Zone

Debris of this project is mainly soil from excavation of water supply pipeline tunnel, from excavation of dam foundation and foundation of various structures, and from removal of cofferdam of river-crossing project. Debris shall be uniformly transported to the planned dump site and following protection measures also shall be taken:

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Con

stru

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Soil

and

Wat

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rvat

ion

i) Slope protection works The project would require 16 debris dumps, of which, 10 for the World Bank financed part and 6 for the government financed part. These dumps will be built at the tributary gullies each at the entrances and exits of the Yangjiashan, Lucaoliang, Xinshegu and Yaojiashan tunnels and near the two reservoirs. To prevent the debris from sliding or being washed away by flood, masonry slope protection works will be built to protect at the bottom of the debris pile, at a slope ratio of 1:1.5, with 0.25-0.35m of stone-laying thickness and 2cm expansion-joints spaced 10 meters each.ii) Debris holding wallsRestricted by local topography, the debris dumps can only be built at open spaces of gentle slopes in the gully land. Faced with floods, the debris may lapse and slide away and so holding walls are needed. The debris will be dumped layer upon layer, and as it contains a lot of rocks, the walls are to be constructed with gravity mortar-bedded stones, using rocks from the debris, which are tough and weather-resistant. The sectional dimension of the walls is decided in accordance with the load, and it will be 0.8m of top-width, 1.5-2.5m of height, 1:0.5 of slope ratio and 1.0m of buried depth.iii) Drainage works To prevent the slope water runoff from flooding the debris and cause saturated yielding or caving in, longitudinal drainage trenches will be constructed at the sides and connecting parts of the natural slope of the debris dump, with a horizontal trench on the upstream end to lead the flood water to the drainage system downstream. The trench has a trapezoidal cross-section, with 0.5~0.8m of bottom width, 0.5~0.8m of depth, 1 1 of slope ratio, and 0.3m of mortar-bedded stone laying thickness.∶iv) Dump surface leveling and greeningUpon completion of construction, to prevent soil erosion and beautify the environment, the surface of debris will be leveled and earthened for grass planting. The earthening will use excavated earth from road and trench construction. When the dump ceases to be used, the surface will be leveled and rammed up with bulldozers to make ready for grass planting. Alfafa and prairie milk vetch will be used for the greening.According to calculation, land conservation work for the debris dumps will involve: ramming up 31,600 m3 of debris, excavating 14,500 m3 of earth for the drainage trenches, laying 1,175m3 of mortar-bedded stones in the trenches and 5.2600 m3 of mortar-bedded stone walls, leveling and earthening 12,200 m3 of debris, and planting 11.3hm2 of grass.(4) Construction Production and Camp Site ZoneThe project would require the establishment of 5 large-scale working/living zones that will take up 5.84 hm2 of land in total. The protection measures for the working/living zones will include temporary debris holding, drainage and vegetation restoration. The specific drainage trench has a trapezoidal cross-section measuring 0.3m×0.3m. The trenches will have a M7.5 mortar-bedded stone lining with a 1m×1m×1m mortar-bedded stone sand sedimentation pool at the end to hold the construction site silt, which is cleaned on a regular basis. Upon completion of the construction, the surface structures will be removed, debris moved away, the land earthened and leveled and made ready for the purpose of the land

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Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

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rvat

ion

(5) Construction Access Road Zone The protection measures for the construction access road zone are mainly: i) land conservation in the duration of the construction, including choosing appropriate timing and avoiding rainy season in roadbed excavation and backfilling; controlling the timing of earth removing, applying the procedures of excavation, backfilling and leveling successively to cut down the time of loosen earth exposure or risk of being washed by the rains and runoffs; preventing disturbance and damage to the surface outside the excavation line, making every effort to balance the earth removal operation, by using the extra earth from other facilities for backfilling. Measures will be taken to prevent reckless debris dumping and piling up along the construction line. Efforts will be made to avoid having to take follow-up earth erosion measures. ii) build drainage trenches on the sides of the access roads to prevent runoff flooding in the rainy season. Plant trees, such as poplars and elms that thrive in the region, on the roadside. Outer slopes affected by the roads will be planted with grass for greening. iii) upon completion of the construction, the temporary construction access roads will be loosened, leveled and vegetation restored and soil improvement measures taken by planting alfafa in the following one to two years.This part of land conservation would involve 91,100 m3 of ground clearing and leveling and 13.05hm2 of grass planting.(6) Emergency Response and Regulating Reservoir ZoneThe inundated area of Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs will be acquired for permanent use and no engineering measures will be needed. For water conservation, the immersed area will be planted with water resistant willows in an area of 0.46hm2. Main structure design includes planting grass for dam-slope protection. In addition, during the construction, drainage trenches will be built at the base of the dam. The temporary debris dumps for dam construction will be covered with protective nets. Brush and grass like caragana microphylla, river locusts and shamrocks will be planted on the excavation surface of the dam abutment for greening. In the surroundings of the dam management station and dam access roadside, trees like arborvitae and mongolica will be planted.(7) Borrow Site Zone The project requires the emplacement of 4 debris dumps at the dam abutments of the Baishugua and Kangjiagou Reservoirs, involving 1400,00m3 of earth excavation and of 8.4hm2 of land occupation. In the excavation, it is required that 20cm of topsoil will be removed first, which will be bulldozed to one side with a temporary bagged-protection wall. The topsoil would be backfilled when the excavation operation is over for leveling and greening. For side slopes of less than 1:2 slope ratio, they will be cut to make the ratio natural and stable. Temporary drainage trench will be built on the upstream side to prevent rain flooding of the excavation site. Upon excavation completion, the exposed slope of the site would be earthened and greened with climber plants.

65

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Con

stru

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Soci

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nviro

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Res

tora

tion

mea

sure

s for

oc

cupi

ed la

nd

For cultivated land of permanently acquired land, the implementing agency shall prepare, as required by land resources administrations, the scheme for balanced occupation and replenishment of cultivated land during the approval process of a development project, in which land compensation expenses shall be included and funding sources clearly identified. The implementing agency is responsible for providing cultivated land compensation in accordance with overall planning and requirements of land resources administrations.

Contractor Project Owner

Local government

,Land department

Traf

fic im

pact

miti

gatio

n m

easu

res

1) Roads affected by inundation and land occupation shall be realigned and rebuilt prior to reservoir impoundment to avoid impacts on existing transportation in the project areas.2) Connection with other roads during construction shall be well arranged and traffic diversion is conducted for heavily affected road section to mitigate adverse impact;3) Establish traffic signs; strengthen traffic management in construction area; timely traffic diversion of congested road.4) Emergency measures shall be developed in response to possible traffic congestion to ensure traffic capacity and safety;5) Temporary access roads shall be arranged prior to road construction and adequate consideration shall be given to road access safety and convenience of the nearby residents. Temporary walls/fences shall be established to separate construction site and outside area and warning signs shall be put up in order to reduce safety accidents caused by construction activities.6) Storage locations of various materials, equipment and precast elements shall be in accordance with overall construction layout, and driveway and pedestrian cannot be occupied without permission. Traffic signs and warning light and lighting during night shall be provided for convenient passing through of vehicles.7) Traffic signs shall be put up in areas with frequent vehicle in and out; reasonable transportation routes shall be selected to avoid crossing residential area. Transportation shall be well scheduled to avoid traffic congestion and reduce impacts on local residents.8) In order to ensure construction activities will not disturb nearby public facilities, a notification sign is put up at entrance of each construction site including information of contractor, supervisor and contact phone number of local EPB.

Contractor Project Owner

Local government

,Land department

Miti

gatio

n m

easu

res f

or

impa

cts o

n an

cilla

ry

faci

litie

s

Project-affected ancillary facilities such as roads, post and telecom facilities and power facilities, in case of use demand, shall be restored to their original functions, sizes and standards and their reconstruction plans be developed taking account of overall layout for resettlement. Restoration, reconstruction and relocation of infrastructural facilities are carried out by the project owner or by their owners upon receiving compensation. Plans for reconstruction of power facilities are developed and facilities reconstructed by relevant power authorities/entities. Plans for reconstruction of telecom facilities are developed and facilities reconstructed by relevant telecom authorities/entities. Traffic infrastructure facilities and electrical communication facilities with no use demands but under the influence shall be reasonably compensated by the Owner.

Contractor Project Owner

Local government

,Land department

66

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Cul

tura

l rel

ics

disc

over

y an

d pr

otec

tion

mea

sure

s

Buried water conveyance pipeline and tunnels would be used by Yan’an Water Supply Project. In order to prevent destructions to cultural relics during construction, the following measures shall be taken: 1) Stepping up public communication and education on Cultural Relics Protection Law among contractors and construction workers to prevent destructions to cultural relics during construction; formulating institutions for protecting cultural relics resources; 2) Upon discovering cultural heritages such as important minerals or cultural relics and ancient tombs, construction activities shall be suspended and relevant land administrations and cultural relics administrations be informed of so that they can send specialized personnel to the site and appraise the situation and decide whether rescue and excavation measures shall be taken or whether pipeline and tunnel routes need to be revised. Cultural relics protection is the responsibility of each construction team, which shall designate a person(s) to be responsible for supervision, preventing cultural relics from being damaged or losing.

Contractor Project Owner

Local government

,Land department

Soci

al e

nviro

men

t

Hum

an h

ealth

pro

tect

ion

mea

sure

s

In order to prevent transmission of infectious diseases in the construction sites, comprehensive health inspection and filing shall be done for construction workers before their mobilization. Preventive measures including periodic medicine taking and vaccination are taken. 1) Environmental sanitation activities. Environmental sanitation activities including regular elimination of mice, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches are carried out to reduce vectors of infectious diseases. Mousetrap and poison bait are used for mouse killing and pesticide spraying is adopted for killing mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches.2) Environmental sanitation and food hygiene management. Management of drinking water sources, canteens, garbage bins and public toilets shall be strengthened and periodic sanitation inspection is conducted during construction; sanitation management of construction site canteens shall be strengthened and sanitation inspections shall be conducted every quarter. Only persons who have health certification shall be allowed to provide food services; drinking water sources of construction sites shall be monitored periodically to ensure good drinking water quality; full-time cleaning team shall be established to be responsible for cleaning of construction site, office area and living camps. Garbage bins shall be equipped. Public sanitation facilities on the construction sites shall meet national health standards and requirements.3) Epidemic prevention and control measures. Preventive measures including periodic medicine taking and vaccination are taken to effectively prevent infectious diseases and improve anti-disease capacity of construction workers. Contractor shall identify persons to be responsible for health and anti-disease. Epidemic management and reporting procedures stipulated by local health agency shall be followed and health and anti-disease activities shall be under supervision of local health agency. 4) Health education. Health education in various forms shall be provided for construction workers and local residents to disseminate epidemic prevention and vaccination knowledge in order to improve health awareness of local residents.

Contractor

Local government,

Disease control

department

67

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Con

stru

ctio

n

Am

bien

t air

Based on predicted impacts on ambient air environment, the following control measures during construction shall be taken for some sensitive targets which are closer to the construction sites, such as Kangjiagou Village and Haojiaxinzhuang Village. 1. Mitigation and control measures for dust from blasting and excavation1) Construction techniques and measures Contractors must select construction machinery and transportation vehicles which meet relevant national sanitary requirements to ensure that their waste gas emission meets relevant national standards. Wet operation method shall be adopted as much as possible for digging, drilling and blasting activities to reduce dust suspension. 2) Dust control measuresDuring open excavation and blasting, use of wet bags to cover the surface is encouraged to reduce dust generated by these operations. Two water spraying vehicles would be provided for the project, which would periodically spray water in construction sites and along construction access roads during non-rainy days to reduce dust, shorten polluting period of dust and narrow pollution scope. In order to save water and project investments, treated wastewater from production activities during construction would be used for spraying activities. 3) Personal protectionPeople affected by dust pollution are mostly construction workers. Personal protection shall be strengthened, for example, wearing of dust-proof masks.2. Dust reduction measures for sand and gravel aggregate processing and concrete mixing systems 1) Where techniques allow, priority shall be given to adopting cost effective, simple and easily operable wet method to reduce dust. The wet method is not suitable for cone and impact crushers and ventilation method shall be used instead.2) Processing machinery that meets national environmental protection and sanitation standards shall be selected, dust removal equipment shall be provided for concrete mixing buildings and barriers shall erected around the processing systems to reduce impacts of dust pollution. 3. Traffic dust reduction and control measures 1) Pavements of some permanent roads within construction sites are hardened with concrete. Compared with earth and gravel pavements, concrete pavements can lower dust generated by transportation vehicles in operation and generate minimal dust pollution. 2) Routine maintenance and cleaning of roads are carried out to ensure that roads are in a good shape for operation.3) Vehicles transporting equipment, construction materials and debris would go back and forth on construction access roads during construction. To reduce and control dropping, leakage and dust due to road transportation, it is necessary to take appropriate cleaning and water spraying measures in non-rainy days.

Contractor Project Owner

Entrust the qualified

organization

68

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4) During construction, speed limit signs shall be erected along roads impacting sensitive targets, speed of various construction vehicles shall be strictly restricted, and personnel shall be arranged to be exclusively responsible for supervising sealing of vehicles transporting spoil and garbage and rectification measures shall taken upon seeing open and dropping vehicles.5) To control traffic dust, the following actions shall be taken: i) selecting proper transport route to avoid environmentally sensitive points, densely populated areas and arteries; ii) using covered up or sealed up vehicles or bags to transport spoil and strictly banning overload; iii) water shall be sprayed on a regular basis on non-hardened pavements used by vehicles; and iv) mud on wheels shall be removed before vehicles are driven out of construction sites. 6) Using sealed up vehicles for transporting bulk cement to transport bagged cement can effectively reduce dust during transportation.4. Dust reduction and control measures at construction sites1) For construction activities nearby Dongchuan and Gaojiawan water treatment plants, excavated earth shall be covered with tarpaulin, on which some water shall be sprayed; when excavating dry earth, appropriate amount of water shall be sprayed to wet the operation area. Excavation operations in windy day with over scale 4 wind are strictly banned to prevent increase of suspended solids in water sources as a result of dust generated by such operations. 2) Ground at construction sites must be hardened and with concrete in places with appropriate conditions. Barriers around construction sites for water plants and other facilities shall be erected. Effective dust control measures must be taken for temporarily piled up spoil, such as covering and spraying with water. For construction sites generating significant amount of dust, water shall be sprayed in fixed time periods. 3) Walls with the height of 2 meters need to be built around sites for concrete mixing and structure precasting, water be sprayed on a regular basis, dust be cleaned up along transportation route and tank vehicles for transporting concrete be cleaned on a regular basis to reduce dust during transportation. In addition, construction materials such as cement and lime must not be placed in open grounds and shall be put in exclusive storehouses. 4) During road bed construction, dust control measures such as fencing must be in place; during dry seasons, water shall be sprayed on a regular basis; when transport distance is long, temporary roads shall be built to reduce dust during transportation. Upon construction completion, temporary roads and spoil dump sites shall be restored or vegetation recovery shall be conducted.

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5. Control measures for smoke from coal furnaces during construction1) Construction units or contractors may consider selecting furnaces with rational design, higher energy efficiency and thorough combustion of fuel as their cooking appliances and selecting sulfur-fixing coal for civilian use that contains desulfurization agent and can reducing smoke emission and removing sulfur dioxide in smoke. Meanwhile, clean energy such liquefied gas shall be used, to the largest possible extent, as fuel for cooking during construction. 2) Electricity may be used for heating and for supplying bathwater during winter to protect ambient air during construction.3) The above atmospheric environment protection measures during construction may be incorporated into bidding documents and construction contracts so that smoke and SO2 related to energy use during construction can be reduced by contractors. 6. Control and migration measures for tail gas of machinery and transportation vehicles1) It is required that tail gas emission of all transportation vehicles shall meet Emission Standard for Pollutants at Idle Speed From Vehicle with Petrol Engine (GB14761.5-93) and Free Acceleration Smoke Emission Standards for Diesel Engines ( GB3842-83). 2) Inspection and maintenance shall be carried out for construction machinery on a regular basis to ensure their normal and safe operations. 3) Inspection and monitoring of waste gas emission by construction machinery and transportation vehicles shall be carried out on a regular basis. 4) It is necessary to strictly ban use of poor quality fuel and strengthen machinery maintenance to ensure adequate fuel combustion and reduce waste gas emission.

70

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Con

stru

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n

Aco

ustic

env

ironm

ent

According to site investigations, construction sites mostly scatter in sparsely populated areas. Main acoustic environment sensitive targets are settlements closer to the construction sites, such as Kangjiagou Village, Haojiaxinzhuang Village and Xinshegu Village. It is designed to take the following measures to reduce construction noise impacts on ambient environment and sensitive targets. 1) Traffic Noise Control Measures(1) Avoid nighttime construction or transportation;(2) Strengthen road and vehicle maintenance and strictly prohibit overloading to reduce noise sources;(3) Construction and transportation vehicles used shall meet Noise Limits to Stationary Vehicles (GB16170-1996) and Allowable Noise Level for Motor Vehicles (GB1495-79), and low-noise vehicles shall be used as much as possible.(4) Traffic control measures for areas with centralized construction activities shall be taken, such as signs in construction site, speed limit, and no horning; avoid trans-region/site transportation during night to minimize road transportation noise.2) Blasting Noise Control Measures(1) Strictly control blasting time, blasting at the same time when it is possible, prohibit blasting during 22:00 to 7:00;(2) Apply advanced blasting technology, for example, mille-second delay blasting can reduce blasting noise by 3 to 10 dB(A).(3) Safety measures shall be taken before rock blasting to avoid damage to human and animals by vibration, noise, blast wave and flying spall;(4) Application of noiseless blasting agent is recommended;(5) Installation of covering in explosion operation area and barrier for noise attenuation.3) Noise Control by Contractors(1) Contractors shall choose construction machines and tools in compliance with applicable national standards and use low-noise equipment and processes as much as possible to lower source noise intensity;(2) Strengthen equipment maintenance and lubrication to reduce operational noise;(3) Use damping base for strongly vibrating equipment for noise attenuation;(4) Apply miniature machinery for small- and medium-sized constructions, rather than large machine.4) Construction Worker Protection MeasuresBased on environmental protection experiences gained from relevant projects, sound-proof materials shall be used for operation rooms and rooms for break in the workshop, and inner surface of the rooms shall be decorated with porous sound absorbing materials. The cost will be included in the project investment.

Contractor Project Owner

Entrust the qualified

organization

71

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agencySupervision

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AgencyMonitoring

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Con

stru

ctio

n

Solid

was

te

Construction spoil and debris from Yan’an Water Supply Project would amount to 316,000m3, which are mainly piled up in gullies close to entrances and exits of tunnels such as Xinshegu Tunnel and Yaojiashan Tunnel. Details of spoil and debris disposal are provided in the project’s soil and water conservation schemes. Domestic solid wastes are collected by area and by category considering long construction route and scattered construction site layout. With reference to solid waste treatment experience gained from Wangyao Reservoir construction, each construction site would be equipped with garbage bins for domestic solid waste collection and separation. Inorganic solid waste would be hauled to nearby dumping site, food leftover and kitchen waste would be given to nearby rural residents free of charge for pig feeding, and other organic solid waste is collected and transported periodically to domestic solid waste landfill in adjacent Baota District and Yanchuan County for centralized disposal. Other organic solid waste would be provided to farmers for composting and inorganic solid waste would be hauled to nearby areas for storage. Domestic waste and discarded construction materials with recycling value shall be recycled or sold whenever possible. Waste collection and classification in each construction area shall be uniformly managed by the construction unit. In addition, liquid medicines such as Mielinghai should be often sprayed at the place where trash cans are stored to avoid generation of mosquito or flies, etc, thereby reducing unfavorable impact of construction domestic wastes on environmental sanitation in construction area.

Contractor Project Owner

Entrust the qualified

organization

72

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item CostEn

viro

nmen

tal R

isk

Man

agem

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easu

res

Fire and Explosion Risks

1) Relevant regulations on hazardous goods transportation shall be strictly followed in the process of inflammable and explosive material transportation, and explosive cannot be transported together with primer.2) For safety consideration, explosive stockhouse shall be located on terrace and upstream of construction site. It is required there are no residents within 500 meters away from explosive stockhouse and oil storage. Sign shall be set to indicate safety distance, and protection wall shall be built between oil storage and road to reduce risk and damage.3) Full-time staff shall be appointed to take care of explosive and fuel oil stockhouse. Flame is prohibited in the storage area. Electrospark shall be prevented by installing lightning protector to avoid burning and explosion. Registration of visitors shall be required and safety awareness of the staff shall be improved.4) More stringent management shall be required for oil tanks along water transmission pipelines. Storage tank for accidental discharge shall be installed to minimize pollution to soil and surface water by fuel oil leakage.5) Fire protection and warning system shall be established in construction area. Fire protection dissemination and education shall be conducted for construction workers and activities of construction workers shall be strictly controlled and limited. Smoking and domestic fire use shall be well managed to ensure life and property safety of residents in construction areas.6) Emergency response rescue program shall be developed and rehearsal shall be organized on a regular basis.

Contractor Project Owner

Water Quality

Pollution Risks

1) Environmental protection measures shall be in place for construction wastewater and domestic sewage treatment during construction, and irregular construction site inspection shall be done. Direct discharge of construction wastewater or domestic sewage to river course or bed shall be strictly prohibited.2) More stringent traffic control shall be provided for dangerous road and traffic-intensive road by installing more traffic signs and improved road surface maintenance, in order to reduce risk probability.

Contractor Project Owner

Vocational Health

and Personal Safety Risks

1) Quantities of explosive use shall be accurate, and all the people shall be kept away from the dangerous scope before blasting operation.2) Mature and safe process shall be applied for tunnel excavation. After excavation, side-slope protection measures shall be taken in a timely manner, and training of excavation operators and supervision over excavation shall be strengthened.3) Air condition in tunnel shall be under control, and normal operation of ventilation and drainage equipment shall be maintained.4) Emergency response mechanism shall be established to make sure all the workers can be evacuated to safe place as accident occurs. 5) Appropriate protection equipment shall be provided for construction workers, and training shall be provided on use of individual protection equipment.

Contractor Project Owner

73

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6) Emergency passageway shall be set on construction site and shall not be blocked. Obvious sign shall be installed at the exit and emergency lighting device shall be provided on site.7) Fire detector, warning system and fire-fighting equipment shall be provided on site and well maintained.8) Labeling and warning signs shall be put up for dangerous area and hazardous substances.9) Falling prevention and protection measures shall be taken for high climbers.10) Drinking water and food disinfection shall be well arranged. Regular health examination, vaccination and health education shall be provided to encourage individuals to take protective measures to avoid infection.

Risks of intersection with natural gas pipelines

Waterlines of this project and West-East natural gas transmission pipelines are close to each other with two intersections. Great attention should be paid and site should be effectively monitored during the construction to prevent the damage to West-East natural gas transmission pipelines and prevent leakage and explosion accidents of natural gas. Following risk prevention measures shall be taken during the construction:(1) Design and construction scheme should satisfy relevant provision in Regulations on Oil and Natural Gas Pipeline Protection;When diversion pipelines and West-East natural gas transmission pipelines are laid close to each other, the distance of two pipelines should be no less than 10m; moreover, the continuous parallel length is no more than 500m;(3) Intersection of two pipelines should be prevented as far as possible. If the intersection can’t be prevented, the diversion pipeline should get through under the natural gas pipeline and the minimum intersection angle should be no less than 45°, moreover, the net space between two pipelines at the intersection is no less than 0.5 m;(4) Pipe ditch excavation by machinery is not allowed within 5m from both sides of the center line of natural gas pipeline at the intersection;(5) In the design and construction scheme of next stage, the intersection of waterlines and West-East natural gas transmission pipelines should be prevented as far as possible and specific intersection location should be specified. Moreover, the West-East natural gas transmission pipeline management department shall participate in site construction monitoring.

Contractor Project Owner

74

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agencySupervision

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AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Ope

ratin

g pe

riod

Wat

er e

nviro

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t

Wastewater treatment measures

a) domestic sewage treatment measures of the management stationThe operation period of the project totally covers 7 management stations such as Yellow River Diversion and Water Supply Company of Yananagement stations such Stage Pumping Station, Xuejiagou 5th Stage Pumping Station, Gaojiageda 6th Stage Pumping Station, newly constructed Dongchuan WTP and Kangjiagou Reservoir, altogether employing 201 people, with annual production sewage of 9000 m3. Domestic sewage has small discharge and main pollutants are organic pollutant such as BOD 5 and SS, etc. The domestic sewage produced by the management station should be collectively discharged into domestic sewage treatment equipment for processing and is used for vegetation greening when satisfying standard after being treated. For the pump station and water treatment plant with many employees, it is required to establish one impounding reservoir for collecting and treating wastewater.b) Production wastewater treatment measures of the water treatment plantIn accordance with the feasibility study report, Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant is provided with production wastewater treatment recycling system, realizing production wastewater zero discharge of the whole plant and reaching water conservation and pollution reduction purposes; the waste water recycling and sludge dewatering technology of water treatment plant must be simultaneously designed, constructed and put into operation with the body works to realize the production wastewater zero discharge.c) Treatment requirements for return water in the service areaIn order to ensure no greater secondary pollution of return water is caused after Yan’an water supply project is constructed and put into operation, the auxiliary sewage treatment plant in the service area must be constructed before the water supply project is put into operation and proper technology should be selected according to local sewage discharge features as per the environmental protection development plan of Yan’an city to properly dispose various pollutants discharged by the sewage plant.

Project Owner

Local government,

EPB

75

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Ope

ratio

n

Wat

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nviro

men

t

Water source

protection

measures

1) Water source protection zone demarcationThe source areas shall be demarcated as protection zones in accordance with the Regulations on Drinking Water Source Protection and Pollution Prevention Management, Water Law of the People’s Republic of China, Law on Water Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China, Regulations on Municipal Water Supply of the State Council and other relevant laws and regulations. Normally, water source areas are divided into 3 zones, namely the Primary Protection Zone, Secondary Protection Zone and Quasi-Protection Zone. The scope of protection of water source areas of the reservoirs is demarcated following the Regulations on Urban Drinking Water Source Protection Zone of Shaanxi Province. Water intake on the Yellow River is defined in accordance with the Technical Standards of Drinking Water Source Protection Zone Demarcation. All the protection zones and quasi-protection zones must observe stipulations under the Water Pollution Control Law of the People’s Republic of China and Detailed Measures on Implementation of Water Pollution Control Law of the People’s Republic of China.Scope of Yellow River Water intake Protection Zone is defined as follows: the Primary Protection Zone is waters 1,000 meters upstream and 100 meters downstream and land 100 meters outward from the right bank of the Yellow River from the water intake; the Secondary Protection Zone is waters 2,000 meters from the Primary Protection Zone and land 200 meters from the outer reach of the right bank; the Quasi-Protection Zone is waters 5,000 meters from the Secondary Protection Zone and land 300 meters from both banks of the Yellow River. Scope of reservoir protection zone is defined as follows: as Baishugua and Kangjiagou reservoirs have relatively small tributary areas with a short distance between watershed ridges, watershed ridges of the reservoirs are demarcated as the outer line of protection zones. Of which, the Primary Protection Zone is land reaching 100 meters outward from the reservoir’s normal water level; the Secondary Protection Zone is land 300 meters outward from the normal water level and waters 2,000 meters upstream to reservoir entrance and land 200 meters from the river banks. The Quasi-Protection Zone is land 300 meters from the outer line of the Secondary Protection Zone and a Protection Zone stops at watershed ridge.(2) Management and protection measures of the protection zoneIn the water source first-grade protection zone, various production and social activities irrelevant to water source protection are prohibited; all drain outlets of industrial and mining enterprises are removed; developing pollutional industrial and mining enterprises around reservoir is strictly controlled, supervision and law enforcement are strengthened, industrial pollution source is prohibited to enter the reservoir and affect the water quality; treatment for domestic sewage and domestic garbage of each residential area in water catchment is strengthened, and directly discharging untreated domestic sewage into reservoir area or dumping garbage into reservoir area is prohibited.

Project Owner

Local government

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In the second-grade protection zone, storing hazardous materials or garbage, etc is prohibited, ecological agriculture is promoted, pesticide and chemical fertilizer consumption around the reservoir or at the upstream of reservoir are controlled, management of waste water for livestock breeding is strengthened, directly discharging or pouring animal feces into river or reservoir is prohibited; development of fish culturing in reservoir area is controlled and fish culturing in net cage is prohibited to effectively control pollution source of agriculture in water catchment of reservoir.In the would-be protection zone, ecological protection is strengthened, vegetation around the reservoir is protected, shrubs and forestry can’t be freely cut; protection forest around the reservoir is constructed and water source is conserved by combining vegetation conservation and ecological environment construction; soil and water conservation and management are well done; cultivated land with slope more than 25° is converted into forest to reduce sediment entry and non-point source pollution.3) Control of soil erosion around water source sites Forestland and slope farmland around the water source protection zones shall be put under integrated plans for reforestation and soil and water conservation to raise forest coverage and prevent soil erosion. Soil and water conservation plans shall be made, using biological and engineering measures to minimize soil erosion area. Meanwhile, effective groundwater monitoring and environmental protection activities shall be carried out. In addition, it is suggested that local environmental protection authorities step up regulation and administration of urban domestic wastewater discharge and wastewater discharge by enterprises along the right bank on upstream of Wangjiaqu Yellow River section to reduce wastewater flow into the river while strengthening control of domestic polluting sources to effectively protect water quality in water source sites.

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olog

ical

env

ironm

ent Pesticide and chemical fertilizer consumption at reservoir water catchment such as Kangjiagou and①

Baishugua, etc and at upstream bank of Yellow River water intake is strictly controlled, using riskiest and high-persistent pesticide is prohibited, waste water management for livestock breeding is strengthened to effectively control pollution source of agriculture.

Natural runoff and water quality of Yan River and Qingjian River are maintained and improved. The② system that no water will be diverted when the flow rate of Yellow River is less than 100m 3/s at the Yellow River water intake should be earnestly implemented to ensure the ecological flow and protect the ecology of the river.

Periodical cleaning of fish net around the Yellow River water intake is well done and the fish net should be cleaned③ once a month to ensure it safely and reliably plays the role of fish catchment.

Project Owner Local EPB

Ope

ratio

n

Aco

ustic

env

ironm

ent

Noise sources during operation are mainly water plants and booster pumping stations and noise mainly stems from backwash pumps, blowers, sludge dewatering machine and high-power lift pumps. Backwash pumps and blowers are placed underground and have smaller impacts on ambient environment. To reduce noise impacts during operation, it is suggested to take the following measures: (1) Using low-noise equipment with stable performance whenever and wherever possible; installing mufflers or noise-dispersing devices for equipment with higher noise. (2) To further reduce noise impacts on external environment, sound-proof doors and windows shall be built for workshops where equipment with louder noise is located such as sludge-dewatering machine. During production, doors and windows must be closed and exhaust fans shall be used for ventilation purposes.(3) Strengthening equipment maintenance and management to ensure its normal operation and avoid noise pollution due to its abnormal operation. (4) Strengthening greening in the plant area, planting talls trees around plant boundary and setting up greenbelt around structures such as sludge-dewatering machine.

Project Owner Local EPB

Ope

ratio

n

Solid

was

te

An agency would be set up to manage the operation of both the World Bank and government financed parts of Yan’an Water Supply Project. A management center would be set up in Yan’an while office buildings for project operation management and welfare facilities for workers would be built separately in Baota District and Yanchuan County. Domestic solid waste from these facilities would be treated by local domestic solid waste treatment system. According to the project design, sludge discharged by pumping station at the Yellow River intake would be processed and sold. Sludge generated by Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant is mainly consisted of sand and contains a few bacteria and microorganism. Discharge of sludge which is not properly treated would lead to secondary pollution to water bodies and ambient air. In the near term, sludge generated by Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant would be hauled to nearby landfills after dehydration and in the longer term, would be treated by the proposed sludge treatment plant in Yan’an.

Project Owner Local EPB

78

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igra

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mea

sure

s

Dis

infe

ctan

t lea

kage

risk

s in

wat

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eatm

ent p

lant

Hazardous chemicals used for water disinfection in water treatment plant during operation include ClO 2, NaClO3 and HCL. Relevant technical guidelines shall be followed for storage and use of these hazardous chemicals, in order to prevent accidental leakage. Risk prevention measures include the following:a) ClO2

(1) Closeness of ClO2 generator: when ClO2 is produced on site, closeness of ClO2 generator shall be inspected to avoid ClO2 leakage and possible explosion caused by temperature increase in the air and contact with light or organic substance.(2) Emergency response to leakage: ClO2 generation room with leakage shall be isolated, and people shall be limited to get in or out. Atomizing tap water is sprayed to the room where leakage occurs to have the leaked ClO2 fully dissolved in water. The ClO2 production room shall be equipped with water spraying device, which is full of water all the time for use in case of leakage.b) Preventive Measures for NaClO3

(1) Packaging method: double-layer paper or plastic bag shall be used to hold NaClO3 and shall be tied tightly, and then put into steel barrel with wall thickness of 0.7mm. The barrel shall be tightly sealed.(2) Transportation: hazardous goods list given in Regulations on Hazardous Good Transportation issued by the Ministry of Railways shall be followed for railway transportation. Transportation vehicles shall be equipped with certain kinds and quantity of fire-fighting equipment. Co-transportation with acid, inflammable material, organic substance, reductant, self-inflammable material or inflammable substance with moisture shall be strictly prohibited.(3) Storage method: NaClO3 shall be stored in cool and well ventilated place, and away from fire and heat. NaClO3 shall be stored in sealed package, separate from inflammable material, reductant or alcohols. Suitable material shall be available in storage site to contain the leakage.(4) Emergency response to leakage: area polluted by leakage shall be isolated and getting in and out shall be limited. The leak shall be kept free of contact with organic substance, reductant or inflammable substance. Production process shall be maintained closed with good ventilation. Shower bath and eye-washing devices shall be provided.(5) Personal protection: when dust contact is possible, it is suggested that self-feeding filter-type respirator is used, and chemical protection eye glasses and rubber gloves are suggested for eye and hand protection.c) Protection Measures for HCL(1) Transportation, use and storage: relevant regulations on hazardous chemicals shall be followed for local ventilation and personal protection.(2) Fire-fighting measures: alkali, such as baking soda, sodium carbonate and slaked lime, can be used for neutralization. Alternatively, large amount of water can be used to put out the fire. Firemen shall be dressed in aerophore and general protective clothing.(3) Leak disposal: gas mask and gloves shall be wore for leak disposal. The ground shall be sprayed with baking soda and cleaned by water. Wastewater generated shall be collected in wastewater system

79

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

agencySupervision

AgencyMonitoring

AgencyMonitoring

Item Cost

Envi

ronm

enta

l pol

lutio

n ris

ks o

f wat

er

treat

men

t pla

nt sl

udge

a) Solid waste volume generated during water treatment will be reduced through optimization of sludge dewatering and drying process.

b) Sludge shall be transported by pipeline or closed vehicle. The whole transportation process shall be under supervision and management to prevent secondary pollution caused by exposure, spill or leakage. Urban Environment Sanitation Facility Development Standard shall be followed to build sludge transfer and storage facilities, and shall be subject to approval of relevant authority before put into operation.

c) After sludge is stabilized through anaerobic digestion, thermophil anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion or extended aeration process, landfill disposal can be applied, or further treatment is done for sludge utilization.

d) Sludge can be used for land application if possible. Application rate shall be limited less than 20 dry tons per hectare or 9 dry tons per acre, in order to reduce possibility of metal into plant tissue and groundwater.

e) If land is used as part of waste treatment system, potential impacts on soil, groundwater and surface water shall be evaluated taking into account water and land resources protection, conservancy and long-term sustainability.

Ris

k of

dam

ages

to

aqua

tic li

fe d

ue to

di

vers

ion

at w

ater

(1) Improve water intake structure and set reasonable water abstraction flowrate to control influence on aquatic life.

(2) This project doesn’t involve the construction of water abstraction structure in sensitive ecosystem, so endangering for aquatic life doesn’t exist. The influence on aquatic life can be avoided by constructing retaining net (seasonal or throughout the year), screen mesh as well as filter system, etc.

(3) Water rights administration shall be strengthened to ensure appropriate environmental flow in the river section.

80

Table 4—7 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures of China Yan’an Water Supply Project under the World Bank Financed Component

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

Des

ign

The project scheme with feasible technology, less resident relocation and reasonable investment, and possibly free from environmental influence is selected by comparing and optimizing various schemes and details are as follows:

Design institute

Project Owner

(1) Gaojiawan pump station ~ Ganguyi Town waterlines: two schemes are provided for waterlines in this section. The alternative scheme is tunnel scheme and the recommended scheme is pipe laying scheme. Analyzing from environment aspect, although waterlines of the alternative scheme is short, the tunnel length is up to 32.49km, which is 29.5km longer than the recommended scheme. Moreover, 7 branch tunnels need to be constructed, so volume of spoil from construction is great, soil erosion and ecological damage are more serious and influence of land occupancy by spoil is larger; it is only 2.94km for the recommended scheme, with small construction difficulty, excellent construction conditions and short construction period, so the quantities are obviously less than the alternative scheme. Total investment of about RMB 220 million can be saved and water transmission cost only increases by RMB 0.27/m 3, therefore, water transmission cost is low and operating, maintaining and managing are convenient.

Design institute

Project Owner

(2) Kangjiagou regulating reservoir dam site: Kangjiagou reservoir dam site total has two schemes: the alternative scheme is Jiaqugou dam site and the recommended scheme is Kangjiagou dam site. The Jiaqugou dam site is located at the left bank of Yan River, which is 4.26 km at the upstream side of Yaodian Town, Baota District of Yan’an City, and Kangjiagou dam site is located at the left bank of Yan River, which is 1.5 km at the downstream side of Yaodian Town. Distance of the two dam sites is 5.7 km. It can be known by comparing the two dam sites of Jiaqugou and Kangjiagou that: the Kangjiagou dam site scheme is the nearest to the proposed Yan’an Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant, filling and emptying pipeline of reservoir is 5.7 km shorter than that of the Jiaqugou reservoir, with safe and reliable water supply and excellent dam construction conditions, moreover, the occupied land area is 23 mu less than that of Jiaqugou reservoir scheme, with less inundation loss, and oil well affected by inundation is 187 less than that of Jiaqugou reservoir. Furthermore, there is no resident relocation and the construction investment is RMB 5.9 million less than that of Jiaqugou, thus, environmental influence is greatly reduced.

Design institute

Project Owner

(3) General layout of Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant: total land occupancy area of Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant is 75 mu in the initial design, which mainly considers that the water supply scale in the long term will be up to 100,000 m3/d. The water treatment plant will be constructed by phase based on the once land acquisition and occupancy in the long term. After the full demonstration and argumentation, water supply scale in the long term is 80,000 m3/d and in the near term is 40,000 m3/d. It is constructed based on the scale in the near term and only 25 mu lands need to be acquired. Only 5 mu land occupancy will be increased in the long term by further optimizing layout of the water treatment plant, which greatly saves arable land to be occupied by the construction of water treatment plant and avoids land idleness and loss caused by land acquisition based on the scale in the long term.

81

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

(4) General layout of Gaojiawan pump station: Gaojiawan pump station is initially designed as joint building of the pump station with the Gaojiawan Water Treatment Plant. After the full demonstration and argumentation, as Gaojiawan Water Treatment Plant also needs 63.87 km pipeline to transmit the treated water to Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant and Kangjiagou Regulating reservoir, so pollution may be caused to the treated water during long-distance water transmission and water storage process. Therefore, the function of Gaojiawan Water Treatment Plant can be replaced by improving the handling capacity of Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant. Only Gaojiawan pump station needs to be constructed and area of is acquired and occupied land is only 8.6 mu, which greatly reduces the influence of project construction on local agricultural production and vegetable cultivation.

82

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

Con

stru

ctio

n

Wat

er e

nviro

nmen

t

Mea

sure

s for

clo

sing

oil

wel

ls in

Kan

gjia

gou

Res

ervo

irSpecific oil well closing measures of Kangjiagou reservoir shall be discussed with Yanchang Petroleum Group. Qinghuabian Oil Production Plant of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group shall be responsible for well closing and completely removing pollution sources in oil well working area to ensure no pollution of water quality of reservoir. Environmental Protection Station of Yan'an City shall be entrusted for monitoring. After well closing completes, Petroleum Association of Yan’an City shall be responsible for checking the well closing effect and proposing opinions first, and Water Board and Environmental Protection Agency of Yan'an City shall be responsible for the final acceptance. Implementation follows related provisions in Well Abandonment and Inactive Well Practices (SY/T6646-2006), combining well closing experiences in Wangyao reservoir. Well closing normally adopts bushing cement infilling technology and specific technology is as follows: (1) Preparatory work: the operation team prepares some oil pipe, water and three-phase power; the oil well hardening team prepares one well-hardening vehicle and one cement tanker and selects suitable cement and other ingredients; (2) The operation team lays down oil pipe to well bottom and the well-hardening team uses pump at well mouth to wash the well; (3) The well-hardening team selects suitable cement and other ingredients and prepares sufficient cement based on the number of wells; (4) After washing operation is completed, well-hardening team pour some cement paste into the pipe;(5) Well-hardening team uses some liquid to clean the pipe and operation team lift the pipe to well mouth; (6) Well-hardening team pours cement paste from well mouth till the casing pipe is full of cement paste, and then operation is over. (7) Polluted water and soil in well closing working site and oil storage tank area are to be cleaned.During well closure, the operation team shall ensure current laying of oil pipe, prepare sufficient water and provide sufficient staff to ensure oil pipe lifting efficiency; the well-hardening team shall ensure equipment is in a good shape, prepare sufficient cement and ensure liquidity and strength of cement paste; before operation, the operation team and well-hardening team shall hold meetings, explain technical options and strengthen collaboration to ensure continuity of well closing process.

Contractor Project Owner

83

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

In order to reach the purpose of fresh water layer, oil gas layers and the layer for waste water disposal should be isolated. Moreover, one cement plug should be drilled separately at the bottom of fresh water layer and on the surface to prevent surface water penetrating into the well and flowing into the fresh water layer. During the abandoned well operation, position selection of cement plug and bridge plug not only ensure the isolation of those identified oil gas layers or water injection layers with production capacity but also ensure the isolation of all injection production well section in the well to limit the oil gas and filling liquid within self layer section and prevent fluid channeling within the well of each layer section. The contradiction between the abandoned well and the land utilization is minimized by moving the device at the wellhead, cutting off the surface layer tubing above certain depth and restoring the landscape. Closing in the well normally adopts tubing cement plug technology.Relevant records shall be made during well closure, such as on wellhole, pipe pole, casing pipe, cement used and pipe pole structure. The project implementing agency shall permanently keep documentation on well closing operations. In order to identify whether closed wells have potential risks in terms of polluting soil and freshwater layer, the implementing agency shall acceptance and monitoring of closed wells to eliminate potential risks, if any, in a timely manner.

Mea

sure

s fo

r hy

gien

ic

clea

ning

in

K

angj

iago

u R

eser

voir

Inundated oil wells shall be closed up in accordance with relevant specifications and close-up① acceptance and follow-up monitoring shall be conducted. Waste oil tanks and polluted soil around derricks shall be moved out of the reservoir area to remove potential safety perils.

House foundation and wire pole (tower) foundation in inundated area are to be cleaned and② leveled, and asphalt roads in reservoir area are to be loosened and surface layer is to be cleaned and transported.

Contractor Project Owner

Ope

ratio

n

Wat

er

envi

ronm

ent

Dis

posa

l of

supp

ly re

turn

w

ater

In order to prevent the supplied return water causing greater secondary pollution after discharging into Yan River when Yan’an water supply project is put into operation. Based on the project design, the auxiliary Yan’an Yaodian sewage treatment plant should be constructed before Yan’an water supply project runs to process the return water supplied by Yan’an water supply project and the return water can’t be discharged into Yan River unless it is treated and reaches IB standard in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918—2002).

Project OwnerLocal

governmentEPB

84

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

Envi

ronm

enta

l pro

tect

ion

mea

sure

s fo

r se

wag

e pl

ant

(1) Waste water of sewage plant matching this project in operation period is mainly from supernatant fluid of sludge concentration tank, filtrate of sludge dewatering equipment and employee domestic sewage, which shall be sent back to the water inlet pump room through sewage pipeline of the plant and enter sewage treatment system for retreatment, thus reducing discharge. Effluent disinfection shall be well done to make return water discharge into Yan’ River after being treated and satisfying category 1b requirements in Discharge Standard of Pollutants For Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918—2002). (2) Odor collection and treatment of sewage shall be well done and health protection zone of the plant shall be well set in accordance with related codes. (3) Dewatered sludge generated by the sewage plant shall be disposed by Yan’an Garbage Disposal Plant. Yan’an Water Investment Company has reached an agreement of intent with Yan’an Garbage Disposal Plant and dry sludge will not have unfavorable influence on environment under the premise of proper treatment. (4) Simultaneous operation of mud water disposal flow and water treatment flow shall be ensured. Water quality at discharge outlet shall be monitored on line and effective measures shall be taken for control in case of any abnormity of sewage disposal. (5) Perfect storage and management system of dewatered mud cake shall be established and dewatered sludge shall be timely transported out.

Solid

was

te

Mea

sure

s for

wat

er tr

eatm

ent p

lant

slu

dge

disp

osal

According to the project design, sludge discharged by sand basin at the Yellow River intake would be sold after being slightly processed. Sludge generated by Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant will have the sludge moisture content lower than 60% after going through auxiliary sludge concentration and dehydration process. After negotiation, in order to support Yan’an water supply project construction, the Garbage Disposal Plant of Yan’an City has agreed to accept the sludge generated by the operation of proposed Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant. The sludge would be, after dehydration and drying, transported to the Garbage Disposal Plant of Yan’an City for landfill. According to the diligence report of Yan’an Garbage Disposal Plant:The Garbage Disposal Plant of Yan’an City was built in 1998 and it is located in Yijiagou of Qiaogou Town, Baota District, Yan’an City, with land occupancy of 84.1 mu and reservoir capacity of 1.6 million m3. Way of sanitary land fill is adopted and the production area is mainly composed six components such as landfill area, leachate collecting system, leachate recharging system, marsh gas exhaust system, rainwater exhaust system and area lighting system. The Garbage Disposal Plant of Yan’an City runs strictly in accordance with Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Municipal Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004) and Technical Specification for Operation and Maintenance of Municipal Domestic Refuse Sanitary Landfill (CJJ93-2003). Site seepage control and leachate disposal satisfy national standards and codes and garbage treatment rate reaches 100%.Environment around the field is periodically monitored once each quarter by Environmental Monitoring Station of Yan’an City. The monitoring standards implements Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB16889-2008), thus ensuring normal implementation of garbage disposal works.

Project Owner Local EPB

85

Period

Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervis

ion Agency

Monitoring

Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost

Period

Envi

ronm

ent p

rote

ctiv

e m

easu

res

f Ya

n’an

Lan

dfill

(1) Pollution free disposal procedures shall be taken for domestic garbage of water treatment plant such as sludge, etc. Each stage or procedure of the whole lift cycle from garbage collection to final closure of Landfill to reduce the generation of pollutants and mitigate or prevent the influence on surrounding environment. (2) Garbage shall be collected at appointed time and location and its transportation shall be in concealed manner; moreover, the garbage shall be separated by the refuse landfill and the landfill shall be in accordance with “dumping-leveling-compacting-land covering-disinfecting and sterilizing”. Laying and subdividing operation is adopted. (3) Measures for seepage control, flood intercepting and exhaust lead shall be well taken. (4) Percolate shall be discharged or utilized after being properly processed and satisfying standards. (5) Detailed monitoring and control system shall be formulated for pollutants of Landfill such as waste gas or waste oil, etc. Key pollution sources and pollutants of this enterprise shall be daily monitored and monitoring archive shall be established.

Table 4-8 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures of China Yan’an Water Supply Project under the Government Financed Component

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost Period

Des

ign

The project scheme with feasible technology, less resident relocation and reasonable investment, and possibly free from environmental influence is selected by comparing and optimizing various schemes and details are as follows:

Design institute

Project Owner

(1) Yellow River water intake ~ Gaojiawan section waterlines: two schemes are provided for waterlines in this section. The alternative scheme is north line scheme and the recommended scheme is south line scheme. Analyzing from environment aspect, the alternative scheme has longer waterlines and large quantities, and both project land occupancy and demolition and relocation works are far greater than that of the recommended scheme, and it also will cause serious damage to the ecology. Channel lines of the recommended scheme are 13.7 km shorter than that of the alternative scheme. Although the tunnel is 7.3 m longer than that of the alternative scheme, length of 22.8 km of buried pipelines will be reduced and 2 booster pump station and buildings also will be reduced, so the quantities are obviously less than that of the alternative scheme and total investment of RMB 13.42 million will be saved, featuring low pumping lift, small water supply cost, high safety and reliability in water supply and other obvious advantages. In addition, it also reduces the influence on environment.

Design institute

Project Owner

(2) Baishugua regulating reservoir dam site: Baishugua regulating reservoir dam site total has two schemes. The alternative scheme is the dam site 1.5 km at the upstream of Baishugua ditch exit and the recommended scheme is the dam site at the intersection of Baishugua ditch and trough ditch exits. The two dam sites are in Baishugua ditch, which is the level 1 tributary ditch, at the right bank of Zhaojiahe River. Among them, the dam site at the intersection of Baishugua ditch and trough ditch exits are near to the lower reaches of Baishugua ditch. Distance of the two dam sites is 1.0 km. It can be seen by

86

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost Period

comparing the two dam sites separately 1.5km at the upstream of Baishugua ditch exit and at its downstream that: the dam, which locates 1.5km at the upstream of Baishugua, is about 65 m high, with poorer reservoir conditions and larger reservoir inundation loss, and the dam, which locates at the intersection of Baishugua ditch and trough ditch exits is 52 m high, with ideal and excellent dam construction and good reservoir construction conditions and small inundation loss. Selecting the downstream dam site will greatly reduce the influence on environment.(3) Yangjiashan tunnel spoil dump site: in the feasibility study stage, Yangjiashan tunnel is provided with 7 spoil damp sites in total, with land occupancy of 3.67 hm2 including arable land of 2.57 hm2; the spoil dump sites are reduced to 6 by further optimizing in the initial design stage, with land occupancy of 3.15 hm2 including arable land of 2.21 hm2, so total land occupancy of the spoil dump site is reduced by 0.52 hm2, which reduces the damage of spoil occupancy to terrestrial ecology; the 6 spoil dump sites constructed in the initial design stage has good topographic and geological conditions and they are mainly arranged at the relatively flat barren hill or waste valley so that security threat of spoil dump site to social environment sensitive objectives such as village and arterial traffic, etc in rainy season can be prevented; in the initial design stage, the occupancy on arable land by the spoil dump site is minimized, which is reduced by 0.36 hm2 compared to that in the feasibility study stage. Thus, the influence on arable land resources around the tunnel and agricultural production can be reduced.

Con

stru

ctio

n

Ecol

ogic

al e

nviro

nmen

t

Aqu

atic

eco

logy

Natural runoff and water quality of Yan River and Qingjian River are maintained and improved.① The system that no water will be diverted when the flow rate of Yellow River is less than 100m3/s at the Yellow River water intake should be earnestly implemented to ensure the ecological flow and protect the ecology of the river.

The pump station water intake should be constructed by selecting dry seasons of the river. The② small cofferdam should be constructed prior to construction. Fish net is arranged at the boundary within the range 300m at the upstream and 50m at the downstream of the water intake, and with the depth of 20m from the water intake.

Periodical cleaning of fish net around the Yellow River water intake is well done and the fish net③ should be cleaned once a month to ensure it safely and reliably plays the role of fish catchment.

Contractor Project Owner

87

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost PeriodSo

cial

env

ironm

ent

Mea

sure

s for

wes

t-eas

t nat

ural

gas

tran

smis

sion

pip

elin

e pr

otec

tion

Protection measures and scheme of intersected construction of waterlines and west-east natural gas transmission pipelines of Yan’an water supply project are implemented by the Contractor of Yan'an water supply project corresponding sections, supervised by Project Owner Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Company and West-East Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Branch Company and finally accepted by West-East Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Branch Company. In accordance with Oil and Natural Gas Pipeline Protection Law of the People's Republic of China , Provisions for Parallel Pipelines Design, Code for Design of Oil and Gas Transportation Pipeline Crossing Engineering and Design Code for Oil and Gas Transportation Pipeline Crossing Engineering-Underground Crossing Engineering, specific protection measures are as follows:

Optimizing design to avoid and reduce, to the largest possible extent, intersection of water pipeline① with gas pipeline;

When a new water pipe is laid in parallel with a gas pipe, distance between the two pipes shall not② be smaller than 10 meters;

Where intersections are unavoidable and if water pipeline goes below gas pipeline, intersection③ angle between the two pipelines shall not be smaller than 45° and water pipeline shall be more than 0.5 meters below gas pipeline. On either side of the intersection point, pipes with more than 10 meters in lengthen shall be extended; the anti-corrosion layer shall be of enhanced level; pipes at the intersection shall not have welded joints; cement cover boards shall be laid between the two pipelines for separation purpose; the highest insulation grade shall be applied; and electric potential balancing measures shall be taken;

When water pipeline crosses above gas pipeline, piers of elevated (conduit) bridge shall be more④ than 10 meters away from gas pipeline;

When construction activities for water pipeline are conducted, excavation with machinery is strictly⑤ banned in any place within 5 meters away from the central line of gas pipeline and manual operation on both sides of the intersection must be adopted for pipe trench excavation within 5 meters from gas pipeline;

Before initiation of water pipeline construction activities, Yan’an Water Investment and⑥ Construction Company shall develop a general construction plan for the scenarios of “cutting across, parallel and striding across” and sign a safety agreement with gas pipeline administrations. After the plan is approved, construction plans for specific construction points shall be developed and relevant permits obtained three days before construction initiation;

Before construction initiation, Yan’an Water Investment and Construction Company shall liaise⑦ with gas pipeline management staff, get them to carry out joint site investigations and emplace relevant safety pre-assurance measures. Construction can only be initiated after these safety measures are in place;

Safety control measures: safety pledged capital is paid and pipelines and cables at the intersection⑧ are tested verified by excavation. The west-east natural gas transmission pipeline company will designate safety monitoring personnel for site safety monitoring. In addition, spark leak is carried out for the external anticorrosion coating of pipeline after pipeline excavation completes.

Administrative authorities for west-east natural gas transmission pipeline are to provide training on⑨ relevant construction criteria to contractors.

88

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost Period

Mea

sure

s

for

re

side

nt

relo

catio

n pr

otec

tion

During the project implementation, 176 households and 817 villagers are affected by the land acquisition and 12 households and 70 villages are affected by the housing demolition and relocation. Among them, the housing demolition and relocation is completely within the project range financed by the government.Policies for the relocation for residents who are affected by the land acquisition and housing demolition and relocation include: (1) resident relocation takes the demolition physical indexes and compensation standards as the basis and the improvement or at least recovering to original production and living standards of the resident as the objectives; (3) establish and perfect the basic living standard security system of the peasant whose lands are acquired; (3) encourage the resident to participate in resident relocation planning.Measures for permanent land acquisition compensation: all persons who are under the influence will re-obtain the land similar to the acquired one through arable land division adjustment by the village. Measures for housing demolition compensation: house site will be distributed and special housing will be built in accordance with the average house site standard area of the village to make living conditions of personnel under the influence of demolition not less than the original condition by combining new countryside construction plan.

Project Owner

Local government

89

Period Medium Mitigation MeasuresSupervision Agency

Monitoring Agency

Monitoring Item

Cost PeriodC

onst

ruct

ion

Mea

sure

s for

soi

l and

wat

er c

onse

rvat

ion

Yan’an water supply project government financed component engineering is provided with 16 debris dumps, which are mainly built at the tributary gullies near the entrance and exit of Yangjiashan water tunnel and near the regulating reservoir. In order to prevent soil erosion caused by debris, following measures should be taken:

Slope protection works①To prevent the debris from sliding or being washed away by flood, masonry slope protection works will be built to protect at the bottom of the debris pile, at a slope ratio of 1:1.5, with 0.25-0.35m of stone-laying thickness and 2cm expansion-joints spaced 10 meters each.

Debris holding walls②Restricted by local topography, the debris dumps can only be built at open spaces of gentle slopes in the gully land. Faced with floods, the debris may collapse and slide away and so holding walls are needed. The debris will be dumped layer upon layer, and as it contains a lot of rocks, the walls are to be constructed with gravity mortar-bedded stones, using rocks from the debris, which are tough and weather-resistant. The sectional dimension of the walls is decided in accordance with the load, and it will be 0.8m of top-width, 1.5-2.5m of height, 1:0.5 of slope ratio and 1.0m of buried depth.

Drainage works③To prevent the slope water runoff from flooding the debris and cause saturated yielding or caving in, longitudinal drainage trenches will be constructed at the sides and connecting parts of the natural slope of the debris dump, with a horizontal trench on the upstream end to lead the flood water to the drainage system downstream. The trench has a trapezoidal cross-section, with 0.5~0.8m of bottom width, 0.5~0.8m of depth, 1 1 of slope ratio, and 0.3m of mortar-bedded stone laying thickness.∶

Dump surface leveling and greening④Upon completion of construction, to prevent soil erosion and beautify the environment, the surface of debris will be leveled and earthened for grass planting. The earthening will use excavated earth from road and trench construction. When the dump ceases to be used, the surface will be leveled and rammed up with bulldozers to make ready for grass planting. Alfafa and prairie milk vetch will be used for the greening.

Project Owner

Local government

EPB

90

5 Environmental Monitoring Plan

5.1 Objectives of Monitoring

Areas where Yan’an Water Supply Project is located fall under key regions for soil

erosion control and monitoring across China and Shaanxi Province and surface water

in these areas are severely polluted. In order to achieve effective environmental

protection under the project, test and verify results of environmental impact projection

and assessment, prevent harms of emergencies to environment, and provide scientific

basis for environmental pollution control and environmental management during

project implementation and operation and for environmental protection, it is necessary

to carry out environmental monitoring to keep track of changes in ecological

environment during construction and after project operation.

5.2 Monitoring Plan

Monitoring plan for environmental protection and soil and water conservation under

World Bank and government financed components of Yan’an Water Supply Project are

provided in Tables 5-1 and 5-2.

5.3 Monitoring Description

5.3.1 Objectives of monitoring

Areas where Yan’an Water Supply Project is located fall under key regions for soil

erosion control and monitoring across China and Shaanxi Province and surface water

in these areas are severely polluted. In order to achieve effective environmental

protection under the project, test and verify results of environmental influence

projection and assessment, prevent harms of emergencies to environment, and provide

91

scientific basis for environmental pollution control and environmental management

during project implementation and operation and for environmental protection, it is

necessary to carry out environmental monitoring to keep track of changes in ecological

environment during construction and after project operation.

5.3.2 Principles for monitoring station layout

(1) Principle of close integration with project

Range, object and focus of monitoring works should combine project construction and

operation features to comprehensively show change of surrounding environment

during project construction and operation and influence of change of surrounding

environment on project construction and operation.

(2) Principle of pertinence

Main factors with obvious influence and playing control function for valley

environmental influence are selected for monitoring in accordance with project

features, environment existing conditions and environmental influence prediction

results, and monitoring point and monitoring items are reasonably selected to try to

make pertinence and representativeness of the monitoring scheme.

(3) Principle of economy and operability

Monitoring items, frequency, time and methods are subject to technical codes of

related discipline on the premise that main tasks in this monitoring system are

satisfied. Existing monitoring institution achievements should be utilized as far as

possible. Strong operability is required for the layout of newly constructed station to

try to obtain relatively complete environmental monitoring data with less investment.

5.3.3 Monitoring plan

5.3.3.1 Monitoring for construction waste water and sewage

(1) Arrangement of monitoring point

Monitoring point is arranged at main discharge outlets of production waste water and

domestic sewage on the basis of satisfying related environmental monitoring technical

92

codes. Production waste water monitoring targets are determined as sand and stone

aggregate production waste water, concrete mixing system waste water and foundation

pit waste water by combining construction organization design data and construction

technology flow. Domestic sewage monitoring point is mainly arranged at centralized

construction and living campsite.

(2) Technical requirements for monitoring

Monitoring parameters include SS and CODcr, etc. Monitoring frequency is once in

the construction peak each year. Water sampling and analysis are subject to HJ/T91-

2002 Technical Specifications Requirements for Monitoring of Surface Water and

Waste Water and HJ/T92-2002 Technical Requirements for Monitoring of Total

Amount of Pollutants in Waste Water.

5.3.3.2 Monitoring for river water quality in construction area

(1) Arrangement of monitoring point

One water quality monitoring section, the background section and the control section,

is separately arranged at upstream and downstream of river section in construction

area to reflect water quality of Yan River in and out of the construction area and get to

know the influence of project construction on water quality of this river section during

the construction period.

(2) Technical requirements for monitoring

Monitoring parameters include SS and CODcr index, petroleum products and

permanganate, etc. Monitoring frequency is once separately in wet season, level period

and dry season. Water sampling and analysis are subject to GB3838-2002

Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water.

5.3.3.3 Monitoring for air environment in construction period

(1) Monitoring items

TSP is determined as the main pollution factor for monitoring in the construction

period after the construction area is screened based on various pollution sources.

93

(2) Monitoring methods

Subject to standard method issued by State Bureau of Environmental Protection.

(3) Monitoring point arrangement and monitoring system

In the evaluation region, the monitoring point is arranged with the principle of giving

priority to the environment functional region and considering the uniform distribution.

As this evaluation region belongs to level 3 evaluation project area, routine monitoring

has been implemented when investigating air environment existing conditions in the

evaluation region. One environment air monitoring point is separately arranged at the

proposed site of Gaojiawan pump station and Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant.

The monitoring system is once each year and monitoring at least 5 days for each

period. Monitoring 6 times a day if condition allows; however, minimum 4 times is

required (Beijing time: am 07, 10, pm 14, 16, 19, 22; monitoring at am 02 can be

canceled if condition not allows at few monitoring points)

5.3.3.4 Monitoring for population health

Local epidemic prevention department is responsible for health monitoring of

constructor in accordance with related requirements of department of health (based on

10% proportion). Statistics of various diseases and diseases of natural focus are made

quarterly. Epidemic reporting system is established. Corresponding measures should

be immediately taken besides timely reporting if any communicable disease is found

to control the development of disease.

5.3.3.5 Monitoring for water environment in operation period

(1) Monitoring section

Total 2 monitoring sections are arranged for monitoring surface water environment

quality in operation period and they separately are Yellow River water intake section

and Yan River Yaodian Town downstream section.

(2) Monitoring frequency

Water quality at Yellow River water intake section and Yan River Yaodian Town

downstream section is monitored. In accordance with surface water monitoring

94

requirements, Yellow River water intake section will be monitored once each month

and Yan River Yaodian Town downstream section is monitored once separately in wet

season, level period and dry season. Water will be continuously sampled for 3 days

each time.

(3) Monitoring items

Monitoring items include pH, permanganate index, BOD5, NH3-N, total P, fluoride,

Cr6+, petroleum products and fecal coli group count, etc.

(4) Monitoring requirements

Related technical standards such as Technical Specification for Environmental

Monitoring and Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water GB3838—2002

will be followed. Water sampling of surface water monitoring section is strictly subject

to Specifications Requirements for Monitoring of Surface Water and Waste Water of

environmental protection industry standards of the People's Republic of China.

5.3.3.6 Environment Monitoring of Sewage Treatment Plant during the

Operation Period

Return water generated from water supply during the operation period of this project

shall be treated by the proposed Yan’an Yaodian Sewage Treatment Plant.

Environment monitoring of sewage plant shall be well done including odor, noise,

discharge sewage and sludge, etc. Monitoring points shall be selected separately at the

location within 50 meters around the plant boundary and at inlet and outlet of sewage

treatment.

(1) Odor monitoring

Monitoring items are odor concentration and monitoring frequency shall be once a

month. The monitoring applicable standard is Discharge standard of pollutants for

municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002).

(2) Noise monitoring

Monitoring items are Leq and monitoring frequency shall be one day a month and

once separately in daytime and nighttime. The monitoring applicable standard is

95

category II standard of Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary

(GB12348-2008).

(3) Sewage monitoring

Monitoring items are pH, DO, permanganate indicator, CODCr, BOD5, NH3-N, total

phosphorus, total nitrogen, Hg, As, Cr6+ and petroleum, etc as well as discharge of

sewage. Monitoring frequency shall be one time each month, two days each time and

twice a day. The monitoring applicable standard is 1B standard of Discharge standard

of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002). On-line

monitor shall be installed.

(4) Sludge monitoring

Monitoring items include pH, Cu, Pb, Hg, Cr6+, Cd and As and monitoring frequency

shall be twice each year. The monitoring applicable standard is Discharge standard of

pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002).

5.3.3.7 Environment Monitoring of Landfill during Operation Period

Sludge produced by water treatment plant during the operation period of this project

shall be treated by Yan’an Garbage Disposal Plant. Environment monitoring of

garbage disposal plant shall be well done including air, underground water and

percolate, etc. Monitoring points shall be selected separately at the location within 100

meters around the plant boundary, low lands at downstream of Landfill and discharge

outlet for percolate collection and treatment.

(1) Landfill ambient air quality monitoring

Monitoring items include SO2, NO2, H2S and TSP; monitoring frequency shall be once

every two months; monitoring points include two locations separately in upwind and

downwind direction outside the boundary of landfill site and one location in landfill

site; monitoring applicable standard is Ambient air quality standard (GB3095-1996)

and emission standard for odor pollutants (GB14554-93).

(2) Landfill ground water monitoring

Monitoring items include pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODCr, total

96

hardness, faecal coliform, Pb, Hg, Cr6+, Cd and As, etc; monitoring frequency shall be

once separately in wet season, level period and dry season each year; monitoring

points include one baseline monitoring well 30~50m at the upstream of ground water

flow direction and one monitoring well 30~50m at the downstream. The leachate

regulating tank is provided with two wells and one monitoring point is arranged near

the resident. The monitoring applicable standard is Standard for Pollution Control on

the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid (GB16889-2008).

(3) landfill leachate monitoring

Monitoring items include pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODCr, suspended

matter, Pb, Hg, Cr6+, Cd, As and faecal coliform, etc; monitoring frequency shall be

once a month; flow and CODCr on-line monitor shall be installed; monitoring points

include water inlet of leachate collection well or regulating reservoir; the monitoring

applicable standard is Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal

Solid (GB16889-2008).

Environmental protection and water and soil conservation monitoring plans for World

Bank financed component and government financed component of Yan’an Water

Supply Project in construction and operation period are separately shown in table 5-1~

table 5-4.

97

Table 5-1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for World Bank Financed Component of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Period

Targets of Monitoring Monitoring Points Items Frequency

Total Cost (10,000 Yuan)

Monitoring Agency

Responsible Agency

Supervision Agency

Standards and Specifications to be Implemented

Con

stru

ctio

n

wat

er e

nviro

men

t

Wastewater from aggregate processing

Intake and outlet of treatment system of sand and gravel aggregate processing plants along water conveyance pipeline

SS, pH, wastewater flow Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 1.60

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Wastewater from concrete mixing and flushing

Intake and outlet of treatment system for wastewater from concrete mixing and flushing stations along water conveyance pipeline

SS, pH, wastewater flow Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 0.20

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Domestic wastewater from construction camps

Domestic wastewater outlets in five construction areas

CODCr, BOD5, fecal coliform bacteria, total bacteri

Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 0.20

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Surface water quality

Upstream and downstream of Yaodian Industrial Zone section of Yan River

SS, pH, DO, CODCr, BOD5, total bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, TP, TN, petroleum

Monitoring once, respectively in wet, normal and dry seasons in each construction year and for three day each time.

0.80

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Water supply quality in construction areas

Construction camps along water conveyance pipeline (tunnels) and at Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant

All regular items in Table 1 of Hygiene Standards for Domestic Drinking Water (GB5749-2006)

Monitoring once in each quarter during construction for successive 3 days and getting samples at 08:00, 14:00 and 20:00 every day.

0.20

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Hygiene Standards for Domestic Drinking Water (GB5749-2006) and Standard Testing Methods for Domestic Drinking Water (GB5749-2006)

Ambient Air

Yan’an Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant

TSP

Monitoring once during peak construction period of each year for successive 5 days and getting daily average value following requirements in Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996).

4.0

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring (State Environmental Protection Administration, 1986)

Zhaojiahe, Haojiaxinzhuang and Xinshegu villages

Noise

Yan’an Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant

Level A equivalent

Monitoring once during peak construction period of each year for successive 3 days and at 08:00-10:00, 14:00-16:00 and 20:00-22:00 every day.

0.40

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring (State Environmental Protection Administration, 1986)

Zhaojiahe, Haojiaxinzhuang and Xinshegu villages

Period

Targets of Monitoring Monitoring Points Items Frequency

Total Cost (10,000 Yuan)

Monitoring Agency

Responsible Agency

Supervision Agency

Standards and Specifications to be Implemented

Hum

an h

ealth

Sur

vey Filing and

Epidemic Survey

Main contents of filing include age, sex, health status, history of epidemic infection, home of origin. Survey items include TB, communicable hepatitis, bacillary dysentery, and communicable diseases at home of origin of construction workers

Before construction workers are stationed in construction sites, construction units shall conduct a comprehensive survey of their health status and create epidemic files. The number of people to be surveyed and filed is the number of construction workers during peak construction period, which is 1,300.

1.50 CDC of project county

Local Government

Epidemic Sample Survey and Prevention Plan

Hepatitis, communicable gastrointestinal diseases such as dysentery and respiratory diseases such as TB which are the key diseases for prevention and control in local areas

Epidemic test is carried out once during spring of each year and the number of people to the tested is 10% of construction workers during peak construction period, which is 130.

0.50 CDC of project county Local EPB

Ope

ratio

n Wat

er e

nviro

men

t

Surface Water Quality

Yellow River intake at Wangjiaqu

All basic monitoring items as specified in Table 1 of Surface Water Environment Quality Standards (GB3838-2002)

Monitoring for three years during early stage of project operation and monitoring once in each month and for 3 days each time. Starting from the fourth year of operation, monitoring activities will be combined with local routine water quality monitoring activities.

0.8

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Quality of Return Water from Water Supply

Outlets of treated return water from Yan’an Water Supply Project

pH, DO, BOD5, CODCr, N-NH3, TP, TN, nitrate, nitrite, permanganate index

Monitoring once, respectively in the three years before project operation and in wet, normal and dry seasons of each year and for 3 days each time.

0.4

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner

Local EPB and local water bureau

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Groundwater Quality

Groundwater wells in Yan’an City

20 parameters including pH, N-NH3, nitrate, nitrite, volatile phenol, cyanide, arsenic, mercury, chromium (hexavalent), total hardness, lead, fluorine, cadmium, iron, manganese, total dissolved solids, permanganate index, sulphate, chloride, fecal coliform bacteria; parallel observation of groundwater table

1.0

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Specifications for Groundwater Monitoring (SL183-2005) and Groundwater Quality Standards (GB/T14848-93)

Ecol

ogic

al

envi

ronm

ent Terrestrial

Ecology Survey

Areas along water conveyance pipeline and areas of Kangjiagou reservoir

Terrestrial plants, terrestrial animals and vegetation cover

One survey is conducted, respectively, in the year of project completion and in the third and fifth years after project operation; periods for each survey are April-June and August-October.

15

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB Relevant specifications for

Survey of Organisms

Aquatic Ecology Survey

Area of Kangjiagou reservoir

Distribution of aquatic life and fishery and changes in amount of

One survey in May and December, respectively in the year before water 22.5 Qualified

agency engaged Project Owner Local EPB Relevant specifications for

Survey of Organisms

Period

Targets of Monitoring Monitoring Points Items Frequency

Total Cost (10,000 Yuan)

Monitoring Agency

Responsible Agency

Supervision Agency

Standards and Specifications to be Implemented

resources with focus on key provincial-level protected fishes and unique fishes in upstream and middle reach of Yellow River

diversion at water intake and reservoir impoundment and in the third and fifth years after project operation.

by the project owner through contracting

Ope

ratio

n

Was

tew

ater

Tre

atm

ent P

lant

Odor

2 monitoring points, one at 50m upwind direction of WWTP boundary, and one at downwind direction

odor concentration once a month 1.08/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002)

Noise 4 monitoring points at plant boundary Leq one day a month and once separately in

daytime and nighttime 0.52/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary (GB12348-2008)

Sewage Inlet and outlet of WWTP

pH, DO, permanganate indicator, CODCr, BOD5, NH3-N, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, Hg, As, Cr6+ and petroleum, and sewage flowrate

one time each month, two days each time and twice a day 4.80/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002)

Land

fill

Ambient Air Quality

3 monitoring points, one at upwind direction of landfill, one within landfill boundary and one at downwind direction

SO2、NO2、H2S、TSP once every 2 month 0.56/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid (GB16889-2008)

Ground Water

one baseline monitoring well 30~50m at the upstream of ground water flow direction and one monitoring well 30~50m at the downstream. The leachate regulating tank is provided with two wells and one monitoring point is arranged near the resident.

pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODCr, total hardness, faecal coliform, Pb, Hg, Cr6+, Cd and As

3 times a year, one at wet season, one at level season and one at dry season 2.88/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid (GB16889-2008)

Leachate

monitoring points include water inlet of leachate collection well or regulating reservoir

pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODCr, suspended matter, Pb, Hg, Cr6+, Cd, As and faecal coliform, and leachate flowrate

once a month; flow and CODCr on-line monitor shall be installed 1.28/year

Yan’an Environment Monitoring Station or qualified agency

Project Owner Local EPB

Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid (GB16889-2008)

Table 5-2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Government Financed Component of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Period Targets of Monitoring Monitoring Points Items Frequency

Total Cost (10,000 Yuan)

Monitoring Agency

Responsible Agency

Supervision Agency

Standards and Specifications to be Implemented

Con

stru

ctio

n

wat

er e

nviro

men

t

Wastewater from aggregate processing

Intake and outlet of treatment system of sand and gravel aggregate processing plants along water conveyance pipeline

SS, pH, wastewater flow Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 1.60

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner

Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Wastewater from concrete mixing and flushing

Intake and outlet of treatment system for wastewater from concrete mixing and flushing stations along water conveyance pipeline

SS, pH, wastewater flow Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 0.20

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Domestic wastewater from construction camps

Domestic wastewater outlets in five construction areas

CODCr, BOD5, fecal coliform bacteria, total bacteri

Monitoring once in each quarter during construction. 0.12

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Hum

an H

ealth

Su

rvey

Filing and Epidemic Survey

Main contents of filing include age, sex, health status, history of epidemic infection, home of origin. Survey items include TB, communicable hepatitis, bacillary dysentery, and communicable diseases at home of origin of construction workers

Before construction workers are stationed in construction sites, construction units shall conduct a comprehensive survey of their health status and create epidemic files. The number of people to be surveyed and filed is the number of construction workers during peak construction period, which is 1,300.

1.50 CDC of project county

Local Government

Epidemic Sample Survey and Prevention Plan

Hepatitis, communicable gastrointestinal diseases such as dysentery and respiratory diseases such as TB which are the key diseases for prevention and control in local areas

Epidemic test is carried out once during spring of each year and the number of people to the tested is 10% of construction workers during peak construction period, which is 130.

0.50 CDC of project county Local EPB

Ope

ratio

n

Wat

er E

nviro

n-

men

t Surface Water Quality

Yellow River intake at Wangjiaqu

All basic monitoring items as specified in Table 1 of Surface Water Environment Quality Standards (GB3838-2002)

Monitoring for three years during early stage of project operation and monitoring once in each month and for 3 days each time. Starting from the fourth year of operation, monitoring activities will be combined with local routine water quality monitoring activities.

0.8

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB

Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring (HJ/T91-2002)

Ecol

ogic

al

envi

ronm

ent Terrestrial

Ecology Survey

Areas along water conveyance pipeline and areas of Baishugua reservoir

Terrestrial plants, terrestrial animals and vegetation cover

One survey is conducted, respectively, in the year of project completion and in the third and fifth years after project operation; periods for each survey are April-June and August-October.

8

Qualified agency engaged by the project owner through contracting

Project Owner Local EPB Relevant specifications

for Survey of Organisms

Aquatic Section of Yellow River water Distribution of aquatic life and One survey in May and December, 22.5 Qualified agency Project Local EPB Relevant specifications

Period Targets of Monitoring Monitoring Points Items Frequency

Total Cost (10,000 Yuan)

Monitoring Agency

Responsible Agency

Supervision Agency

Standards and Specifications to be Implemented

Ecology Survey

intake and area of Baishugua reservoir

fishery and changes in amount of resources with focus on key provincial-level protected fishes and unique fishes in upstream and middle reach of Yellow River

respectively in the year before water diversion at water intake and reservoir impoundment and in the third and fifth years after project operation.

engaged by the project owner through contracting

Owner for Survey of Organisms

Table 5-3 Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Plan for World Bank Financed Component of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Items Areas Methods

Period and Frequency Monitoring Points

Remarks

Total Cost

(10,000

Yuan)

Monitoring

Agency

Responsible

Agency

Supervision

Agency

Standards and

Specifications to be

ImplementedBef

ore

Con

stru

ctio

nD

urin

g C

onst

ruct

ioE

arly

Sta

ge

of

Ope

ratio

n Areas along Water

conveyance Pipeline

Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs

Soil

Status quo of

erosion

Project areas Remote sensing 1 65.26 Qualified agency

engaged by the project

Project Owner

Local Water Bureau

Technical Specifications for Soil and

Water

Items Areas Methods

Period and Frequency Monitoring Points

Remarks

Total Cost

(10,000

Yuan)

Monitoring

Agency

Responsible

Agency

Supervision

Agency

Standards and

Specifications to be

ImplementedBef

ore

Con

stru

ctio

nD

urin

g C

onst

ruct

ioE

arly

Sta

ge

of

Ope

ratio

n Areas along Water

conveyance Pipeline

Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs

Eros

ion

Mon

itorin

g owner through

contracting

Conservation Monitoring

(SL277-2002)Construction areas Field survey 1 Form, area, intensity and distribution of erosion

Erosion factors

Project areas Rain gauge ② ③ ③ Rainfall

Construction areas Field survey ② ③ ③ Topography, surface substances, vegetation cover changes

Erosion volume Pipeline

works

Side slopes of pipe and tunnel excavation

Plot observation, steel chisel and eroded gully

quadrat① ②

Climbing section of pipeline

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover and

erosion volume

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volume

Permanent structure

area

Dam abutment Steel chisel and eroded gully quadrat ① ②

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volumeDam foundation excavation, cofferdam

Steel chisel and eroded gully quadrat ① ②

Dump site Side slope Plot observation ① ② Dump sites in gullies

Dump sites at entrance and exit of

Xinshegu Tunnel

Rainfall amount, rainfall characteristics, erosion volume

Items Areas Methods

Period and Frequency Monitoring Points

Remarks

Total Cost

(10,000

Yuan)

Monitoring

Agency

Responsible

Agency

Supervision

Agency

Standards and

Specifications to be

ImplementedBef

ore

Con

stru

ctio

nD

urin

g C

onst

ruct

ioE

arly

Sta

ge

of

Ope

ratio

n Areas along Water

conveyance Pipeline

Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs

Top of spoil and debris Steel chisel ① ②

Construction access

roadSlope surface

Steel chisel, eroded gully quadrat and

sedimentation tank① ① ② Xinshegu

Tunnel

Construction access road for Xinshegu

Tunnel

Rainfall amount, rainfall characteristics, erosion volume

Construction site Sedimentation tank ① ① ② Gaojiageta Pumping Station

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volume

Erosion harms

Construction areas and impacted areas

Field survey and inspection ② ②

Faci

lity

Mon

itorin

g

Destructed soil and water

conservation facilities

Construction areas Field survey 1

New soil and water

conservation facilities

Construction areas

Field survey ③ ③ Quantity and quality

Field survey ③ ③

Note: Under the column of “Period and Frequency”, = monitor once every 10 days and monitor continuously in combination with engineering supervision; = monitor once every month; and = monitor once every three① ② ③ months.

Additional monitoring shall be conducted in a timely manner in case of rainstorms and strong winds.

Table 5-4 Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Plan for Government Financed Component of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Items Areas Methods

Period and Frequency Monitoring Points

Remarks

Total Cost

(10,000

Yuan)

Monitoring

Agency

Responsible

Agency

Supervision

Agency

Standards and

Specifications to be

ImplementedBef

ore

Con

stru

ctio

nD

urin

g C

onst

ruct

ioE

arly

Sta

ge

of

Ope

ratio

n Areas along Water

conveyance Pipeline

Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs

Soil

Eros

ion

Mon

itorin

g

Status quo of

erosion

Project areas Remote sensing 1

38.56

Qualified agency

engaged by the project

owner through

contracting

Project Owner

Local Water Bureau

Technical Specifications for Soil and

Water Conservation Monitoring

(SL277-2002)

Construction areas Field survey 1 Form, area, intensity and distribution of erosion

Erosion factors

Project areas Rain gauge ② ③ ③ Rainfall

Construction areas Field survey ② ③ ③ Topography, surface substances, vegetation cover changes

Erosion volume

Pipeline works

Side slopes of pipe and tunnel excavation

Plot observation, steel chisel and eroded gully

quadrat① ②

Climbing section of pipeline

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover and

erosion volume

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volume

Permanent structure

area

Dam abutment Steel chisel and eroded gully quadrat ① ②

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volumeDam

foundation excavation, cofferdam

Steel chisel and eroded gully quadrat ① ②

Dump siteSide slope Plot observation ① ②

Dump sites in gullies

Dump sites at entrance and exit of Yangjiashan Tunnel

Rainfall amount, rainfall characteristics, erosion volumeTop of spoil

and debris Steel chisel ① ②

Construction access

roadSlope surface

Steel chisel, eroded gully quadrat and

sedimentation tank④Yangjiashan

Tunnel

Construction access road for Yangjiashan

Tunnel

Rainfall amount, rainfall characteristics, erosion volume

Construction site Sedimentation tank ② Gaojiawan Pumping Station

Share of protection works in good shape, vegetation cover

and erosion volume

Erosion harms

Construction areas and impacted areas

Field survey and inspection ② ②

Faci

lity Destructed

soil and water

conservation facilities

Construction areas Field survey 1

Items Areas Methods

Period and Frequency Monitoring Points

Remarks

Total Cost

(10,000

Yuan)

Monitoring

Agency

Responsible

Agency

Supervision

Agency

Standards and

Specifications to be

ImplementedBef

ore

Con

stru

ctio

nD

urin

g C

onst

ruct

ioE

arly

Sta

ge

of

Ope

ratio

n Areas along Water

conveyance Pipeline

Kangjiagou and Baishugua Reservoirs

Mon

itorin

g

New soil and water

conservation facilities

Construction areas

Field survey ③ ③ Quantity and quality

Field survey ③ ③

Note: Under the column of “Period and Frequency”, = monitor once every 10 days and monitor continuously in combination with engineering supervision; = monitor once every month; and = monitor once every three① ② ③ months.

Additional monitoring shall be conducted in a timely manner in case of rainstorms and strong winds.

6 Cost Estimate for Environmental Protection and Soil and Water Conservation and Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis

6.1 Environmental Protection Investment Estimate

6.1.1 Principles Governing Preparation

1) The “polluter manages, develops and protects” principle would be adopted. Investments for environmental protection measures, environmental monitoring and environmental management to mitigate or eliminate adverse environmental impacts of project implementation can be incorporated into investments in the project’s environmental protection works;

2) For environmental protection measures already developed for the project, the costs are included the overall estimate and are not estimated separately here;

3) Reasonable compensation can be provided for environmental impact targets which are hard to be restored and protected;

4) Environmental protection is an important part of project implementation and its cost composition, cost estimation basis and price levels shall be identical to those of the main project;

5) Base unit prices for structures, including unit staff cost, prices of key materials and unit prices for structures, are identical to those of the main project;

6) Prices of materials and tree seedlings are calculated base on local market prices. Unit price for botanical measures are determined based on local prices of plantations for soil and water conservation.

6.1.2 Basis for Preparation

1) Rules and Procedures Governing Preparation of Environmental Protection Cost Estimate for Water Resources and Hydropower Projects (SL359-2006);2) Provisions Governing Cost Estimate Preparation for Soil and Water Conservation Works under Development Projects (Document 67 issued in 2003 by Ministry of Water Resources);3) Methods of Shaanxi Province Governing Preparation of Cost Estimation (Budgeting) and Fee Rates for Water Resources and Hydropower Projects (Document 1045 issued in 2000 by Shaanxi Provincial Planning Commission); 4) Views on Adjusting Methods of Shaanxi Province Governing Preparation of Cost Estimation (Budgeting) and Fee Rates for Water Resources and Hydropower Projects (2000 Version)(Document 821 issued in 2009 by Shaanxi Provincial Reform and Development Commission); 5) Budgeting Quota for Water Resources and Hydropower Projects in Shaanxi Province (Document 1045 issued in 2000 by Shaanxi Provincial Planning Commission);6) Fee Rates of Shaanxi Province for Environmental Monitoring Analysis and Testing;7) Temporary Regulations of Shaanxi Province on Criteria for Calculation, Use and Management of Soil Erosion Compensation and Control Fees (Document 69 issued in 1994 by Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau and endorsed by Shaanxi Provincial Water Department and Finance Department).

6.1.3 Fee Composition

As required by relevant rules and specifications, environmental protection cost estimates for the

project are consisted of fees for environmental protection measures, environmental monitoring measures, environmental protection instruments and equipment and their installation, and temporary environmental protection measures, stand-alone environmental protection costs, environmental protection contingencies, and interest of financing during construction.

6.1.4 Base Unit Price

a) Unit price for Labor budgetBased on Views on Adjusting Methods of Shaanxi Province Governing Preparation of Cost Estimation (Budgeting) and Fee Rates for Water Resources and Hydropower Projects (2000 Version)(Document 821 issued in 2009 by Shaanxi Provincial Reform and Development Commission), labor budget is adjusted to 46 yuan/workday for skilled workers and 38 yuan/ workday for non-skilled workers. b) Unit price for material budgetPrices of key materials are the same as those of materials for the main project and prices of other supporting materials and tree seedlings are determined in making reference to market prices. c) Unit prices and fee rates for engineering and botanical measures Unit prices for engineering and botanical measures comprise direct physical engineering fees, indirect fees, enterprise profits and taxes. 1) Direct physical engineering feesThese include direct fees, other direct fees and on-site expenses. (i) Direct feesThese include staff expenses and those on materials and use of machinery. Staff expenses = fixed work amount (workday) × unit price for staff budget (yuan/workday)Material expenses = fixed amount of material use × budgeted unit price Expenses for machinery use = fixed use amount (pieces and hours)× hourly fee/piece(ii) Other direct feesOther direct fees = direct fees × other direct fee rates (iii) On-site expensesOn-site expenses＝direct fees × on-site expenses rates2) Indirect feesIndirect fees ＝ direct engineering fees × indirect fee rates3) Enterprise profits Enterprise profits ＝(direct engineering fees + indirect fees)× enterprise profit rate4) TaxesTaxes ＝ (direct engineering fees + indirect fees + enterprise profits) × tax ratesFee rates for engineering and botanical measures are listed in Table 6-15) Stand-alone costs

These mainly include environmental construction management costs, costs for environmental supervision and expenses for scientific research, survey, design and consulting services.

Table 6-1 Fee Rates for Engineering and Botanical MeasuresNo. Name of Fee Rate Calculation Basis Engineering

Measures Botanical Measures

1 Other direct fees Direct fee 3.0 2.02 On-site expenses Direct fee 5 43 Indirect fee Direct fee 5 34 Enterprise profit Direct fee + indirect fee 7 5

5 Tax Direct fee +indirect fee+ enterprise profit 3.22 3.22

6.1.5 Stand-alone Costs

These mainly include environmental construction management fees, costs for environmental supervision and costs for scientific research, survey, design and consulting services. 1) Construction management feesSuch fees include recurrent costs for environmental management staff, costs for acceptance check of completed environmental protection facilities and for environmental campaigns and technical training, of which: Recurrent costs for environmental management staff: 3% of actual expenses on environmental protection measures; Costs for acceptance check of completed environmental protection facilities: calculated based on actual amount of work; Costs for environmental campaigns and technical training: 2% of actual expenses on environmental protection measures. 2) Costs for environmental supervision: Following regulations on supervision costs for other projects in Circular on Circulating Rules and Regulations for Administration of Fees for Supervision and Other Services Provided to Development Projects issued by NDRC and Ministry of Construction (Document 670 issued in 2007), supervision costs for this project are calculated as costs for construction and installation costs. 3) Costs for scientific research, survey, design and consulting servicesIncluded here are expenses on scientific research and experiment for environmental protection, environmental impact assessment, environmental protection survey and design and technical consulting services, of which: Expenses on scientific research and experiment for environmental protection: calculated according to actual needs; Expenses on environmental impact assessment: calculated according to relevant fee rates as specified in Circular on Relevant Issues about Standardizing Fees for Environmental Impacts Consulting (Document 125, 2002) issued in 2002 by former State Planning Commission and State Environmental Protection Administration through Price Department of State Planning Commission;Expenses on environmental protection survey and design: calculated according to relevant fee rates specified in Fees Rates for Engineering Survey and Design (Document 10, 2002) issued in 2002 by former State Planning Commission and Ministry of Construction through Price Department of State Planning Commission; Expenses on technical consulting services: calculated according to relevant national regulations. 4) Physical contingenciesThe fee rate of physical contingencies is identical to that used for principle works and the rate is

6%. 5) Compensation on soil and water conservation facilities According to Temporary Methods for Collection, Use and Management of Soil and Water Conservation Facility Compensation Fees and Soil Erosion Prevention Fees (Document 69 issued in 1994 by Shaanxi Price Bureau), soil and water conservation facility compensation fees of the project are calculated at 0.5 yuan/m2.

6.1.6 Results of Estimation

Additional investments in environmental protection and soil and water conservation works under World Bank financed part of Yan’an Water Supply Project are 47.1674 million yuan, including 16.7759 million yuan of investment in environmental protection works and 30.3915 million yuan in soil and water conservation works. Additional investments in these works under government financed part of the project are 8.445 million yuan, including 2.6065 million yuan in environmental protection works and 5.8385 million yuan in soil and water conservation works. 1) Estimated environmental protection investmentEstimated environmental protection investment of World Bank financed part of Yan’an Water Supply Project is 16.7759 million yuan, including 7.6572 million yuan in environmental protection measures, 258,000 yuan in environmental monitoring, 1.213 million yuan in environmental protection instruments and equipment and their installation, 158,300 yuan in temporary environmental protection measures, and 5.9643 million yuan of stand-alone costs (see Tables 6-2 and 6-3 for details).

Table 6-2 Summary of Total Estimated Investments in Environmental Protection Works under World Bank Financed Part of Yan’an Water Supply Project

Name of Works or CostsCosts

(10,000 yuan)Remarks

IEnvironmental protection

measures 765.72 　II Environmental monitoring

measures 25.8 　III

Environmental protection instruments and equipment and

their installation 121.30 　

IV Temporary environmental protection measures 15.83 2% of sum of I-II

IV Stand-alone costs for environmental protection 596.43 　

1 Construction management costs 43.43 5% of sum of I-IV

2 Costs for environmental supervision 100 100,000yuan/person/year × 2

persons ×5 years

3Costs for scientific research, survey, design and consulting

services300.00 　

4 Costs for environmental management 150 100,000yuan/year ×5 years

Sum of I-V 1525.08Physical Contingencies 152.51 10% of sum of I-V

Total Environmental Protection Investment 1677.59Table 6-3 Detailed Estimated Investments in Environmental Protection Works under World

Bank Financed Part of Yan’an Water Supply Project

No. Name of Works or Costs UnitQua

ntityUnit Price (yuan)

Total Costs(10,000

yuan)

Part One: Environmental Protection Measures 765.72

I Water Environment Protection 375.33

1 Production-related Wastewater during Construction 12.89

Drainage from base pit excavation 10,000m3 0.45 2.0 0.9

Drainage from aggregate flushing 10,000m3 1.62 1.2 1.94

Wastewater from concrete mixing 10,000m3 2.16 1.8 3.89

Oil-containing wastewater from machinery maintenance 10,000m3 1.76 3.5 6.16

2 Domestic Wastewater 10,000m3 22.44

Construction period 10,000m3 3.74 6.0 22.44

3 Water quality protection in Kangjiagou reservoir 30

Reservoir bottom cleaning up 20

Removal of floating substances on water surface 10

4Measures such setting up

cofferdam when pipeline cuts across rivers

10

5 Water Source Protection 300

No. Name of Works or Costs UnitQua

ntityUnit Price (yuan)

Total Costs(10,000

yuan)

II Solid Waste Disposal 204.30

1 Garbage Cleaning up and Transport Ton

Construction period Ton 819 50 4.10

Operation period Ton/year 30 67 0.20

2 Sludge treatment 200

III Ecological Protection 75

1 Site cleaning up and restoration and vegetation planting

Already included in project investment

2 Protection measures for dump sites and quarries

Already included in project investment

3 Ecological protection education in construction areas 5.0

4 Terrestrial plant protection 10.0

5 Consolidation of temporarily occupied farmland 30.0

No. Name of Works or Costs UnitQua

ntityUnit Price (yuan)

Total Costs(10,000

yuan)

6 Consolidation and greening of other temporarily occupied land 30.0

IV Human Health Protection 27.69

1 Epidemic prevention and quarantine during construction Person 1578 150 23.67

2 Sanitation maintenance during construction Year 2 20000 4

3 Drinking water sterilization during construction m3 2000 0.001 0.02

V Ambient Air Protection 15

1 Spraying water to reduce dust and setting up barriers, etc. 15.0

V Acoustic Environment Protection 68.4

Sound insulation and noise reduction of water plant 23.4

Sound insulation facilities of pump station 45.0

Part Two: Environmental Monitoring 10.6

I Environmental Monitoring during Construction 9.4

1 Water environment Time 3 10000 32 Noise Time 2 2000 0.4

3 Human health monitoring Year 2 2

4 Ambient air monitoring Time 2 20000 4

II Environmental Monitoring during Operation 1.2

No. Name of Works or Costs UnitQua

ntityUnit Price (yuan)

Total Costs(10,000

yuan)

Water environment Time/year 4 3000 1.2

Aquatic ecology 15.2

Part III: Environmental Equipment and Equipment Installation

I Wastewater Treatment Equipment 81.05

1 Horizontal-flow sedimentation tank 4 12000 4.8

2 Simple sedimentation tank 5 5000 2.5

3 Temporary dry toilet 5 500 0.25

4 Water storage tank 2 5000 1

5 Small-sized wastewater treatment equipment Set 5 30000 15

6 Oil separation tank 5 3000 1.5

7Wastewater Treatment Station of

Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant

1 260000 26

8Sludge treatment system of

Dongchuan Water Treatment Plant

Set 1 300000 30

No. Name of Works or Costs UnitQua

ntityUnit Price (yuan)

Total Costs(10,000

yuan)

II Ecological Protection 2.25

1 Education sign 15 1000 1.5

2 Warning sign 15 500 0.75

III Ambient Air Protection Equipment 20.6

1 Water cart 2 100000 20

2 Vehicle speed limit sign 20 300 0.6

IV Noise Control Equipment 1.2

1 No-horn sign 20 600 1.2

V Domestic Garbage Treatment Equipment 16.2

1 Enclosed movable garbage bin 40 300 1.2

2 Small-sized domestic garbage transport vehicle 1 150000 15

2) Estimated investments in soil and water conservation works

Total additional investments in soil and water conservation works under the World Bank financed part of Yan’an Water Supply Project are 30.3915 million yuan, including 13.851 million yuan in engineering measures, 542,000 yuan in botanical measures, 7.545 million yuan in temporary works, 3.0952 million yuan of stand-alone costs, 1.502 million yuan of physical contingencies, and 5.8563 million yuan in soil erosion compensation. Estimated soil and water conservation investments for the World Bank financed part are detailed in Table 6-4.

Table 6-4 Estimated Investments in Soil and Water Conservation Works under World Bank Financed Part of Yan’an Water Supply Project

No. Name of Works or Costs

Additional Investments in Soil and Water Conservation Scheme

Engineering Measures

Botanical MeasuresTemporary Works

Stand-alone Costs SubtotalReplantin

g Costs Costs for Seedlings

and Seeds

I Engineering Measures 1385.10 1385.10

1 Spoil and debris dump site 692.55 692.55

2 Construction areas and construction camps 126.84 126.84

3 Other areas 565.71 565.71

II Botanical Measures 17.85 36.35 54.20

1 Pipeline works 7.29 12.15 19.44

2 Station (plant) site 2.45 9.10 11.55

3 Spoil and debris dump site 1.47 2.45 3.92

4 Construction access road area 3.12 5.20 8.32

5 Construction areas and construction camps 3.52 7.45 10.97

III Temporary Works 754.50 754.50

1 Pipeline works 528.15 528.15

Spoil and debris dump site 7.55 7.55

2 Other temporary works 218.8 218.8

IV Stand-alone Costs 309.52 309.52

1 Construction management 45.88 45.88

2 Construction supervision 110.10 110.10

3 Survey and design 132.0 132.0

4 Soil erosion monitoring 18.06 18.06

5 Technical consulting on soil and water conservation 3.48 3.48

V Sum of I-IV 1385.10 17.85 36.35 754.50 309.52 2503.32

VI Contingency 150.20

Physical contingency 150.20

Price contingency 0

VII Compensation on soil and water conservation facilities 385.63

Static investments in soil and water conservation 1385.10 17.85 36.35 754.50 309.52 3039.15

6.2 Sources of Funding

Environmental management costs during construction will be included in the project’s investment budget and incorporated into technical specifications of tender documents or included in contractors’ contract value. Environmental management costs during operation will be allocated by the project owner from budget for routine maintenance costs.