vessels connected to the heart
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Vessels connected to the heart
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Structure of blood vessels and the
functions
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• Arteries; move blood away from the heart
• Veins; these move blood toward the heart they are carrying deoxygenated blood(blood with carbon dioxide) toward the heart.
• Capillaries; are very small blood vessels that connect veins and arteries. Help to carry essential substances toward cells also take away waste materials from the cells.
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Function Of BLood
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• It carries oxygen to cells
• Carries waste away from cells
• Carries various disease-fighting cells such as the "white" blood cells.
• Part of the body's self-repair mechanism (blood clotting after an open wound in order to stop bleeding - using 'Platelets')
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Plasma
-Straw-colored/pale-yellow liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension.
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Functions
-Serves as the protein reserve of the human body. -Plays a vital role in intravascular osmotic(passing through blood vessel) effect and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders.
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What plasma contains and make up of?
-Contains dissolved proteins , glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, hormones ,carbon dioxide and dissolved salts and minerals like calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium.-Makes up about 55% of total blood volume. -Contains mostly water
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Without Plasma
Life-giving blood cells would be left floundering(moving around randomly)without transportation.
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Red Blood Cells
-Perform the most important blood duty. A single drop of blood contains millions of red blood cells which are constantly traveling through your body delivering oxygen and removing waste. If they weren't, your body would slowly die.
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Why red?
-Contain a protein chemical called hemoglobin which is bright red in color.-Hemoglobin contains the element Iron, making it an excellent vehicle for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Function
-Passes through the lungs, oxygen molecules attach to the hemoglobin. As it passes through the body's tissue, the hemoglobin releases the oxygen to the cells. -The empty hemoglobin molecules then bond with the tissue's carbon dioxide or other waste gases, transporting it away.
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About it.
-The average life cycle of a red blood cell is 120 days. Our bones are continually producing new blood cells, replenishing your supply. -The blood itself is re-circulated throughout your body, not being remade all of the time.-Safe for healthy adults to donate blood. -Stored for use in emergency situations.
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Without Red Blood Cells
-No oxygen is being transported throughout the whole body and we would die.
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White Blood Cells
-Whenever a germ or infection enters the body, the white blood cells snap to attention and race toward the scene of the crime.
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Functions
-Are continually on the lookout for signs of disease. When a germ does appear, the white blood cells have a variety of ways by which they can attack while some will produce protective antibodies that will overpower the germ and others will surround and devour the bacteria.
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About It.-Have a rather short life cycle, living from a few
days to a few weeks. -A drop of blood can contain anywhere from
7,000 to 25,000 white blood cells at a time. -If an invading infection fights back and persists,
that number will significantly increase.
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Facts about white blood cells
• -Too many of them results in Leukemia which is a cancer.
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Without White Blood Cells
-Could not prevent germs and other diseases from spreading in our body and lastly, we would die of diseases.
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Platelets
-Platelets are irregularly-shaped, colorless bodies that are present in blood. Their sticky surface lets them, along with other substances, form clots to stop bleeding.
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About It.
-React with the fibrinogen to begin forming fibrin, which resembles tiny threads.
-The fibrin threads then begin to form a web-like mesh that traps the blood cells within it. This mesh of blood cells hardens as it dries, forming a clot, or "scab."
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Functions
-A clot begins to form when the blood is exposed to air. The platelets sense the presence of air and begin to break apart.
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Without Platelets
-We would bleed to death as platelets are absent and could not form blood clots to stop bleeding.