vascular problem

VASCULAR PROBLEM

HPERTENSION: A silent killer

PREPARED BY:ERUM KABANI

SR. INSTRUCTORApril 03,2008

By the end of the session learner will be able to:

Define Hypertension. List the types of hypertension. Discuss the pre disposing factors

of high blood pressure. Explore the symptoms of high

blood pressure. Describe complications of high

blood pressure. Identify the golden rules to avoid

high blood Pressure. Summarize management of high

blood pressure.

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www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com

o Blood Pressure (BP)Pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels is known as blood Pressure.

HYPERTENSION:Persistent level of blood pressure in which systolic pressure is greater than or equal to 135mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 85mmHg.

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Cont.

Elevated blood pressure readings may not always mean that you have high blood pressure. For some people, just being in a medical setting causes their blood pressure to rise. This is called White – coat Hypertension

Millions of people whose blood pressure was previously considered borderline high (130–139/85–89 mm Hg) or normal (120/80) now fall into the "pre hypertension" ranges. * 04/12/23


Major cause of heart failure known as silent killer because of person may symptoms free.

20% adult population develop hypertension for which 90% are essential (primary)

hypertension began 30s or 50s.

remaining 10% has a secondary causes such as vascular disorders, drugs ,tumors & pregnancy

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Family history of high blood pressure

Cigarette smoking

Obesity

Emotional Stress

Excessive salt intake

High cholesterol diet.04/12/23


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ClassificationClassification Blood PressureBlood PressureNORMAL < or equal to

120mmhg< or equal to 80mmhg

PRE HYPERTENSION 120 – 139mmhg80 - 89 mmhg

STAGE 1 HYPERTENSION

140 – 159mmhg90 – 99mmhg

STAGE 2HYPERTENSION

>160mmhg>100mmhg

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Primary Hypertension (Essential)

Secondary Hypertension.

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Essential HTN Usually occurs in the fourth

or fifth decade Risk factors

ObesityExcessive salt intakeExcessive alcohol intakeLack of exerciseFamily history of essential HTN

Caffeine and smoking increase the BP acutely but are not risk factors for the development of chronic essential HTN

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Secondary hypertension Coarctation of the aorta Renal artery stenosis Phaeochromocytoma Conn’s syndrome Polycystic kidney Fibromuscular hyperplasia

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Arterial baroreceptor system Regulation of body fluid volume Hormonal regulation

Renin Angiotensin vasopressin.

Vascular auto regulation

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High blood pressure is rightly called silent killer.

SOMETIMES IT PRODUCES FOLLOWING SYMPTOMS.

Restless and unable to sleep Headache and dizziness Palpitations Feeling tired, faint Swelling in legs. Nose bleeding.NOTE

Many people do not have any Symptoms.

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Diagnostic:Measurement of BPHistory & physical

examinationLaboratory studies to

assess secondary causes and target organ damage,

Urine analysisECG to determine left

ventricular hypertrophy

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Beta blockerAtenololMetoprololPropranolol

Calcium Channel blockersNorvasc Verapamil Adalat

DiureticsLasix Spirnolectone

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ACE inhibitorsCapotinRenitec

ZestrilCozaar

VasodilatorsHydralazineNipride

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BLOOD VESSELS Hardening of the walls of the blood vessels. Narrowing of the blood vessels

HEART It may cause rupture of the blood vessel leading to

Paralysis Sudden death.

KIDNEYS Kidney disease, kidney failure.

EYES Eye problem which may lead to blindness.

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NOTEHigh blood pressure cannot be cured but it can be controlled by following advices. Take medication regularly and at the right time. Check blood pressure regularly. Keep your medical appointment and follow your

doctor’s advice. Control your weight. Control the amount of salt in your diet. Stop smoking Take enough rest and do exercise regularly. Learn to manage / over come some of the stress

in your life. Assess apical and peripheral pulses

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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/hypertension/htm/index.htm

HTN

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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/hypertension/htm/index.htm

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vascular problem

Health & Medicine

blood pressure bp pressure

check blood pressure

systolic pressure

blood vessels heart

mmhg pre hypertension

types of hypertension

essential primary hypertension

factors of high bloodpressure