Using Clickers (Student Using Clickers (Student Response Systems) in the Response Systems) in the

Classroom Classroom

Erik BykerErik Bykerbykereri@msu.edubykereri@msu.edu

Anne-Lise HalvorsenAnne-Lise Halvorsenannelise@msu.eduannelise@msu.edu

AgendaAgenda

1) Introduction to Classroom Response 1) Introduction to Classroom Response SystemsSystems

2) Discussion of their use in TE4012) Discussion of their use in TE401 3) Modeling Clicker quizzes/surveys3) Modeling Clicker quizzes/surveys 4) Troubleshooting Clickers4) Troubleshooting Clickers 5) Questions5) Questions

IntroductionIntroduction A ClickerA Clicker is a small electronic device that is a small electronic device that

enables the user to provide a response to a enables the user to provide a response to a receiver normally attached to areceiver normally attached to a

facilitator or teachers’ computer.facilitator or teachers’ computer.

Why use a Clicker?Why use a Clicker? Clickers provide classroom teachers with a Clickers provide classroom teachers with a

device that will enable them to assess device that will enable them to assess students in an immediate, private, and students in an immediate, private, and personalized manner. Questions can be pre-personalized manner. Questions can be pre-determined or created during a lesson. It determined or created during a lesson. It can also be integrated with PowerPoint files can also be integrated with PowerPoint files that can be shared with otherthat can be shared with otherteachers.teachers.

Research on ClickersResearch on Clickers In In How People LearnHow People Learn, Bransford et. al. state that , Bransford et. al. state that

classroom response systems and related pedagogy is one classroom response systems and related pedagogy is one of the most promising innovations for transforming of the most promising innovations for transforming classrooms to be more learner/knowledge/assessment/ classrooms to be more learner/knowledge/assessment/ community centered. community centered.

They are especially effective in lecture hall-sized groups.They are especially effective in lecture hall-sized groups.

Researchers report that instructors use the response Researchers report that instructors use the response systems tosystems to

1.1. enhance questioning and feedback;enhance questioning and feedback;2.2. to motivate and monitor the participation of ALL to motivate and monitor the participation of ALL

studentsstudents3.3. to foster discussion of important topics; andto foster discussion of important topics; and4.4. to energize and activate students’ thinking. to energize and activate students’ thinking.

Source: Roschelle, Jeremy, William R. Penuel, and Louis Abrahamson, “Source: Roschelle, Jeremy, William R. Penuel, and Louis Abrahamson, “Classroom response and communication systems: research review and theoryClassroom response and communication systems: research review and theory,” presented at the ,” presented at the 2004 Meeting fo the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 2004.2004 Meeting fo the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 2004.

Clickers are an Effective Way of Clickers are an Effective Way of Gathering Data/ResponsesGathering Data/Responses

PROVIDENCE, Rhode Island -- Professor Ross PROVIDENCE, Rhode Island -- Professor Ross Cheit put it to the students in his Ethics and Cheit put it to the students in his Ethics and Public Policy class at Brown University: Are you Public Policy class at Brown University: Are you morally obliged to report cheating if you know morally obliged to report cheating if you know about it? The room began to hum, but no one so about it? The room began to hum, but no one so much as raised a hand. much as raised a hand.

Still, within 90 seconds, Cheit had roughly 150 Still, within 90 seconds, Cheit had roughly 150 student responses displayed on an overhead student responses displayed on an overhead screen, plotted as a multicolored bar graph -- 64 screen, plotted as a multicolored bar graph -- 64 percent said yes, 35 percent, no. percent said yes, 35 percent, no.

Source: “No Wrong Answers” Wired 14 May 2005 Source: “No Wrong Answers” Wired 14 May 2005 http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2005/05/67530http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2005/05/67530

Research on Clickers in Education Research on Clickers in Education (Halvorsen, in preparation)(Halvorsen, in preparation)

92.2% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the 92.2% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the clickers were an effective instructional tool in TE 401.clickers were an effective instructional tool in TE 401.

70.6% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the 70.6% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the clickers helped them do more thinking in class. clickers helped them do more thinking in class.

90.2% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the 90.2% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the clickers helped them enjoy the class more.clickers helped them enjoy the class more.

74.5% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the 74.5% of students agreed/strongly agreed that the clickers helped them get a better understanding of clickers helped them get a better understanding of subject matter, teaching, and learning of social studies.subject matter, teaching, and learning of social studies.

94.1% of students agreed/strongly agreed that if clickers 94.1% of students agreed/strongly agreed that if clickers are available in their school, they would use them in their are available in their school, they would use them in their social studies teaching.social studies teaching.

Uses in TE401 and Examples from Uses in TE401 and Examples from our Classesour Classes

• • Facilitate Class DiscussionFacilitate Class Discussion

• • Guide LecturesGuide Lectures

• • Encourage Peer InstructionEncourage Peer Instruction

• • Collect Data and Perform Baseline or Collect Data and Perform Baseline or Formative Assessment Formative Assessment

Clicker Concept Map – created by IHMC Cmap

SourceSource: http://cte.uwaterloo.ca/teaching_resources/learning_technology/clickers/clickers.html

Clicker QuizClicker Quiz

My primary emotional state right My primary emotional state right now isnow is

A.A. EnergizedEnergized

B.B. TiredTired

C.C. Somewhere between energized and Somewhere between energized and tiredtired

I decided to attend this clicker I decided to attend this clicker workshop because:workshop because:

A.A. Wanted to find out whatWanted to find out what clickers are & how to use themclickers are & how to use them

B.B. I know what clickers are but wanted to find out more I know what clickers are but wanted to find out more ways to use themways to use them

C.C. Not really interested in clickers but I had nothing better Not really interested in clickers but I had nothing better to doto do

D.D. Oops! I am in the wrong place!Oops! I am in the wrong place!

E.E. OtherOther

[[What famous document begins: What famous document begins: "When in the course of human "When in the course of human

events..."?events..."?

A.A. The Preamble to the ConstitutionThe Preamble to the Constitution

B.B. The Gettysburg AddressThe Gettysburg Address

C.C. The Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence

What child name's plunge in U.S. What child name's plunge in U.S. popularity was attributed to a popularity was attributed to a

famous 1974 scandal?famous 1974 scandal?

A.A. Richard’sRichard’s

B.B. Ted’sTed’s

C.C. Gordon’sGordon’s

Who's been Saturday Night Live's Who's been Saturday Night Live's most frequent host?most frequent host?

A.A. Alec BaldwinAlec Baldwin

B.B. Bill MurrayBill Murray

C.C. Steve MartinSteve Martin

Which of the points on the graph below best represents conditions along the Tropic of Cancer (23 degrees N

latitude)?

A.A. AA

B.B. BB

C.C. CC

D.D. DD

E.E. EE

A rapidly growing city within a humid climate zone A rapidly growing city within a humid climate zone experiences a land use change from experiences a land use change from

predominantly crop land to mostly urban/suburban. predominantly crop land to mostly urban/suburban. A likely natural response would be: A likely natural response would be:

A.A. Increased infiltration—reduced flooding Increased infiltration—reduced flooding

B.B. Reduced infiltration—increased floodingReduced infiltration—increased flooding C.C. Increased infiltration – increased floodingIncreased infiltration – increased flooding

D.D. Reduced infiltration – reduced floodingReduced infiltration – reduced flooding

Infiltration rate in soil science is a measure of the rate at which soil is able to absorb rainfall or irrigation

This clicker workshop was This clicker workshop was beneficial to my understanding of beneficial to my understanding of

how to use clickershow to use clickers

A.A. Strongly AgreeStrongly Agree

B.B. AgreeAgree

C.C. DisagreeDisagree

D.D. Strongly DisagreeStrongly Disagree

Clicker QuestionsClicker Questions

Like the previous questions Like the previous questions demonstrate, clickers allow the demonstrate, clickers allow the instructor to ask:instructor to ask:• True/False questionsTrue/False questions• Multiple choice questionsMultiple choice questions• Yes/No questionsYes/No questions• Likert Scale survey Likert Scale survey

Clicker SoftwareClicker Software

To download clicker software go to the To download clicker software go to the following website:following website:

http://www.einstruction.com/Downloads/indehttp://www.einstruction.com/Downloads/index.cfmx.cfmSpecifics:Specifics:Select PC full release if you are a PC userSelect PC full release if you are a PC userSelect Mac full release if you are a Mac userSelect Mac full release if you are a Mac userDownload will take at least 20 minutesDownload will take at least 20 minutesFrom there a nice help tutorial will guide From there a nice help tutorial will guide

through how to set up your databasethrough how to set up your database