Urban Transportation Planning

Land Use - Transportation Cycle

ChangedLand Use

IncreasedLand Value

IncreaseTrip Generation

GreaterTraffic Needs

AddedTransportation

Facilities

IncreasedAccessibility

... Traffic is the joint consequenceof Land Use Potential

& Transport Capability ... Blunden, 1971

Urban Transportation PlanningUrban Transportation Planning

1. The world moves into the future as a result of decisions (or lack of decision), not as a result of plans.

2. All decisions involve the evaluation of alternative images of the future and the selection of the most highly valued of feasible alternatives.

Urban Transportation PlanningUrban Transportation Planning [cont’d][cont’d]

3. Evaluations and decisions are influenced by the degree of uncertainty associated with expected consequences.

4. The products of planning should be designed to increase the chance of making better decisions.

Urban Transportation PlanningUrban Transportation Planning [cont’d][cont’d]

5. The result of planning is some form of communication with decision makers

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning with Decision-Planning with Decision-Oriented Approach Oriented Approach (Meyer & Miller, 2001)Transportation planning must be seen as an integral part of a much wider process of decision making. Too often in the past transport solutions have been seen as the only way to resolve transport problems …

Transport planning must be seen as part of the land-use planning and development process, which requires an integrated approach to analysis and a clear vision of the type of city and society in which we wish to live.

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning with Decision-Planning with Decision-Oriented Approach Oriented Approach [cont’d][cont’d]

1. Where are we now ?• Trends and conditions relating

to population,• Transportation system,• General state of the urban

area.

Transportation Planning is Transportation Planning is the process of answering four the process of answering four basic questions:basic questions:

2. Where do we want to go ?• Major issues,• Public outreach results,• Obstactles,• Opportunities.

3. What will guide us ?• Mission statements,• Goals,• Objectives,• Public input,• Performance measures.

4. How will we get there ?• Revenue estimation,• Project and program

implementation,• Public/private partnerships,• Policy changes.

1. Establishing a vision of what a community wants to be and how the transportation system fits into this vision.

2. Understanding the types of decisions that need to be made to achieve this vision.

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning Planning is the process of:is the process of:

3. Assessing opportunities and limitations of the future in relationship to goals and desired system performance measures.

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning Planning is the process of is the process of [cont’d][cont’d]::

4. Identifying the near- and long-term consequences to the community and to transportation system users of alternative choices designed to take advantage of these opportunities or respond to these limitations.

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning Planning is the process of is the process of [cont’d][cont’d]::

5. Relating alternative decisions to the goals, objectives, or system performance measures established for an urban area, agency, or firm.

Urban Transportation Urban Transportation Planning Planning is the process of is the process of [cont’d][cont’d]::

1. Transportation planning is defined as a process.

2. Transportation planning should assess opportunities as well as limitations of the future.

3. Transportation planning should include a short-range and long-range perspective.

4. Goals, objectives, and performance measures form the basis of the measures of effectiveness used in evaluation.

5. Decision makers for urban transportation planning are the elected and appointed government officials who provide and maintain a transportation system that meets the mobility and accessibility needs of their constituents.

Multimodal transportation planning recognizes the fact that there is no single solution to the transportation problems facing a metropolitan area.

1. Population characteristics,2. Metropolitan economy,3. Societal concerns and issues.4. Transportation

legislation/regulation,5. Technology of planning.

Five Main Factors that affected Five Main Factors that affected travel behavior and travel travel behavior and travel patterns on transportation patterns on transportation network are:network are:

Trip-Making Characteristics [Meyer, 2001]

The purpose of the trip (for individuals, this includes work, shop, social, etc.),

The time of day of the trip, The origin of the trip The destination of the trip The mode(s) of travel used to make the trip

(e.g., auto, bus, or bicycle for individuals; truck, rail or intermodal for goods),

The route from origin to destination through the chosen mode’s network,

The frequency (i.e., number of trips per unit time) with which such trips are made.